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Analysis of seaport bulk cargo warehouse capacity by using simulation modeling 利用仿真建模方法分析海港散货仓库容量
A. Kuznetsov, A. Galin, S. Valkova, A. Sampiev
The article considers the regulatory documents governing the rules and regulations for the design of commercial ports and terminals. It has been shown that the logic of creating the current design standards does not meet the modern requirements for the design of ports and terminals, since the concept of a standard time margin is not disclosed in the documents, and its relation with a uniform operation of railway transport, which does not depend on the approach of ships or irregular navigation, is not given. It appears that all the considerations given in the norms refer only to that component of the storage volume that ensures uninterrupted service for ships at berth, i.e. makes up the technological volume of warehousing. The rear front in this case ensures the continuous maintenance of the reserve at a level that excludes failure handling the vessel. It is obvious that using the existing standards leads to constructing the excessive transshipment capacities, increasing cost of the project and a longer payback period. At the same time, practice shows that the volume of cargo stored in a warehouse is mostly determined by the irregularity of ship arrival. It is advisable to use simulation tools to calculate the storage capacity. Using the simulation method provides a more accurate analysis of the required cargo capacity of the warehouse, and helps avoid additional costs, which ultimately has a positive effect on the competitiveness of the projected cargo port.
本文研究了有关商业港口和码头设计规章制度的规范性文件。已经证明,制定现行设计标准的逻辑不符合港口和码头设计的现代要求,因为文件中没有披露标准时间裕度的概念,也没有给出它与铁路运输统一操作的关系,而铁路运输不依赖于船舶的进近或不定期航行。看来,规范中所考虑的一切因素只涉及确保船舶在泊位上不间断服务的仓储量的那一部分,即构成仓储的技术量。在这种情况下,后部前部确保在排除故障处理船只的水平上持续维护储备。显然,使用现有标准会导致建设过多的转运能力,增加项目成本,延长投资回收期。同时,实践表明,仓库中货物的储存量多是由船舶到达的不规律决定的。建议使用仿真工具计算存储容量。使用模拟方法可以更准确地分析仓库所需的货物容量,并有助于避免额外的成本,最终对预计货物港的竞争力产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 1
System of providing safe navigation 提供安全导航的系统
V. A. Sibilev
Safety is an important condition for effective navigation. The prescriptive approach to navigational safety currently used in the global maritime industry is based on many years of experience and the results of the investigation of ship accidents and the improvement of existing guidelines and regulations. There exist a great number of research works, scientific articles, legislative acts, manuals and recommendations on maritime safety, but they are characterized by the pronounced heterogeneity and based on different assumptions and foundations. This phenomenon of heterogeneity and inconsistency is associated with the lack of a single legislative definition that reflects all aspects of safety in maritime transport. The term “security aspect” refers to one of the sides of the object under consideration, a point of view. Of particular relevance is a holistic description of the term of safety in the maritime industry, which will eliminate discrepancies and will help clarify the current terms related to maritime safety. The analysis of guiding documents on the navigation safety and systematization of the terminological apparatus were carried out. After the adoption of the International Safety Management Code all activities related to navigation safety have been transferred to a higher quality level. The search for and development of new approaches and methods for preventing ship accidents during their operation are becoming increasingly important. Today, the concept of maritime security is not formed and is not described sufficiently. The relationship between the concepts of safe navigation and navigational security is considered. The concept of a navigational safety system is proposed.
安全是有效航行的重要条件。全球航运业目前使用的航行安全规定性办法是基于多年的经验和对船舶事故的调查结果以及对现有准则和条例的改进。关于海上安全的研究工作、科学文章、立法行为、手册和建议数量众多,但其特点是明显的异质性,并且基于不同的假设和基础。这种不一致和不一致的现象与缺乏反映海上运输安全所有方面的单一立法定义有关。术语“安全方面”是指所考虑的对象的一个方面,即观点。特别重要的是对海运业安全术语的全面描述,这将消除差异,并有助于澄清与海上安全有关的现行术语。对航海安全指导性文件进行了分析,并对术语装置进行了系统化。《国际安全管理守则》通过后,与航行安全有关的所有活动都已提高到更高的质量水平。寻找和发展新的途径和方法来防止船舶在运行过程中发生事故变得越来越重要。今天,海上安全的概念没有形成,也没有得到充分的描述。考虑了安全航行和航行安全概念之间的关系。提出了导航安全系统的概念。
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引用次数: 1
Using empirical methods of perception in process of physical phenomenon concept making for students of engineering and technical specialities and directions 工程技术专业和方向学生在物理现象概念形成过程中的经验感知方法
Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-105-112
Alla Victorovna Revina
The ability of young specialists to quickly adapt to production and emerge into the general engineering process is one of the main requirements of employers for graduates of the higher educational institutions today in the development of modern society. In the higher technical school there is stated the urgency of raising the level of education in order to find the most optimal ways of improving the quality of acquiring fundamental knowledge, practical skills and abilities necessary the future graduates in their professional activities, which is regulated in the new Federal State Educational Standards. It has been found necessary to set a goal of organizing the educational process, the main component of which would be the professionally oriented activity of students. Then it becomes obvious that the process of perception is directly related to the developing the reality, accumulation and comprehension of data obtained during the interaction of the student with the environment. In accordance with generally accepted ideas in the scientific world, which correlate with the epistemological concept of cognizability of the world, the knowledge acquired by a person must undergo a test in the realities of practical activity. Based on the experience of working in the higher education system, it has been inferred that for students of a higher technical school it is especially important not only to test the theoretical knowledge gained by experience, but also to gain new knowledge in the learning process based on experimental data and possible further application of gained experience in professionally oriented activities.
在现代社会发展的今天,雇主对高等院校毕业生的主要要求之一是年轻专家能够迅速适应生产并融入一般工程流程。在高等技术学校,迫切需要提高教育水平,以便找到最理想的方法来提高获得基础知识、实践技能和能力的质量,这是未来毕业生在其专业活动中所必需的,这在新的联邦国家教育标准中有所规定。人们认为有必要制定一个组织教育过程的目标,其主要组成部分将是学生的专业活动。由此可见,感知过程直接关系到学生在与环境互动过程中所获得的现实的发展、数据的积累和理解。按照科学界普遍接受的观念,即与世界可认知性的认识论概念相关联的观念,一个人获得的知识必须在实践活动的现实中接受检验。根据在高等教育系统工作的经验,我们推断,对于高等技术学校的学生来说,不仅要检验通过经验获得的理论知识,而且要在学习过程中根据实验数据获得新的知识,并在专业活动中进一步应用所获得的经验,这一点尤为重要。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying fictive points as material objects in invention rights: case of RF patent prosecution for invention N. 2737595 将虚拟点确定为发明权利的物质客体:第2737595号发明专利申请案
P. Bimberekov
In the course of record-keeping on the application for the invention, it was necessary to substantiate the possibility of identifying the fictive points of point sources of pressure of wave systems from a moving or streamlined object on the boundary (or close to the boundary) of media as material objects. It is known that in the paradigm of patent offices a lack of materiality implies a lack of technical result, which in turn opposes a positive decision to grant a patent for an invention of the Russian Federation and/or another internationally recognized patent office. To prove the materiality of the fictive points stipulated in the claimed decision and explained in the article there were analyzed some well-known technical solutions already protected by the patents for inventions of the Russian Federation. Technical solutions were taken into consideration to find the fictive points that are widely used in practice: the center of gravity of the object, the center of the submerged volume and the metacenter, as well as the value representing the distance between the fictive points, namely a metacentric height (elevation of the fictive point metacenter above the fictive point center of gravity). The validity of the procedures proposed in the application is justified by their publication in a series of articles in a peer-reviewed scientific journal recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of Russia for ship-oriented publications. As a result of the paperwork, understanding was reached on this issue between the expertise and the author, a “fictive point” position was included in the title of the issued security document.
在本发明申请的记录保存过程中,有必要证实从作为物质对象的介质边界(或接近边界)上的移动或流线型物体中识别波系统压力点源的虚拟点的可能性。众所周知,在专利局的范例中,缺乏实质性意味着缺乏技术成果,这反过来又反对对俄罗斯联邦和/或另一个国际公认的专利局的发明授予专利的积极决定。为了证明所要求的裁决书中所规定和文中所解释的要点的重要性,分析了已经受到俄罗斯联邦发明专利保护的一些众所周知的技术解决办法。考虑了技术解决方案,找到了在实践中广泛使用的虚拟点:物体的重心,淹没体的中心和稳心,以及表示虚拟点之间距离的值,即稳心高度(虚拟点稳心高于虚拟点重心的高度)。申请中提出的程序的有效性通过在俄罗斯高级认证委员会为船舶出版物推荐的同行评议科学期刊上发表一系列文章来证明。由于文书工作的结果,专家和作者之间就这个问题达成了谅解,在所发安全文件的标题中列入了一个“有效点”立场。
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引用次数: 1
Experimental study of cylinder-piston group resource of marine ICEs using lubricant compositions 船用内燃机气缸-活塞组资源的润滑油组合试验研究
V. A. Chanchikov, I. N. Guzhvenko, Nina Vladimirovna Pryamuhina, Mariya Sergeevna Pryamukhina, O. Kovalev
The paper presents the results of a model experimental study of the resource of the mating parts “piston ring - cylinder liner” of a marine diesel engine. A medium-speed trunk engine 6Ch36/45 of medium boost was chosen as a real diesel engine under study. An experimental study was carried out by using an antiwear additive containing molybdenum diselenide MoSe2 to a lubricating oil similar to that used in a circulating lubrication system. The studies are supplemented by a calculation model of the resource of the mating parts “piston ring - cylinder liner” followed by a comparison of the calculated values with the obtained experimental data. The following parameters mainly influence the resource of the selected tribological mating: the contact pressure of rubbing surfaces, the additive concentration in the oil, the shelf life of the additive before it is added to the oil without mixing it. The life tests of the parts of the “piston ring - cylinder liner” mating of a marine diesel engine made it possible to identify the effective concentration of the additive in oil by the formula Ci = 0.5÷1.0 vol. %. The resource of parts of the friction pair “piston ring - cylinder liner” increases by 1.28÷1.67 times in relation to the standard parameters of the 6Ch36/45 diesel engine. Non-compliance with the storage conditions of the additive before adding it to the oil can reduce the resource performance relative to the normative standards for of this diesel engine by 1.7÷3.45 times. It has been proved that the developed mathematical model of the service life of the parts that make up the tribological mating “piston ring - cylinder liner” has a high convergence (relative error 0.5÷5%) with the results of the experiment on the physical model of the studied friction pair “piston ring-cylinder liner”. There has been studied the influence of the volume concentration Ci of an antiwear additive on the calculated and experimental indicators of the marine diesel engine resource, the optimal value of which should not be lower than 1.0%, while the value of the contact pressure in the friction pair is up to 1.0 MPa, the time of preliminary storage of the additive is no longer than 36 hours. It has been recommended to apply the developed mathematical model to estimate the resource of the friction pair “piston ring - cylinder liner” for high- and medium-speed internal combustion engines.
本文介绍了某型船用柴油机“活塞环-缸套”配合件资源的模型试验研究结果。选取一台中等增压中速干线发动机6Ch36/45作为实际柴油机进行研究。将含二硒化钼(MoSe2)的抗磨添加剂添加到与循环润滑系统类似的润滑油中,进行了试验研究。通过建立配合件“活塞环-缸套”资源的计算模型,并将计算值与实测数据进行了比较。以下参数主要影响所选摩擦学配合的资源:摩擦表面的接触压力,油中的添加剂浓度,添加剂在未混合的情况下加入油前的保质期。通过对船用柴油机“活塞环-缸套”配合件的寿命试验,用公式Ci = 0.5÷1.0 vol. %确定了润滑油中添加剂的有效浓度。与6Ch36/45柴油机的标准参数相比,摩擦副“活塞环-缸套”零件的资源量增加了1.28÷1.67倍。在将添加剂添加到机油中之前,如果不符合其储存条件,则会使该柴油发动机的资源性能相对于规范标准降低1.7÷3.45倍。通过对所研究的摩擦副“活塞环-缸套”物理模型的实验,证明所建立的组成摩擦学配合“活塞环-缸套”零件使用寿命的数学模型与实验结果具有较高的收敛性(相对误差0.5÷5%)。研究了一种抗磨添加剂体积浓度Ci对船用柴油机资源计算指标和实验指标的影响,其最优值应不低于1.0%,而摩擦副接触压力值可达1.0 MPa,添加剂的初步储存时间不超过36小时。建议将所建立的数学模型应用于高、中速内燃机摩擦副“活塞环-缸套”的资源估算。
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引用次数: 2
Analyzing operability of silicone dampers of torsional vibrations in marine internal combustion engines based on results of Testing Center Marine Technology Service 基于船舶技术服务测试中心结果的船用内燃机扭转振动硅酮阻尼器的可操作性分析
A. D. Ibadullaev, Konstantin Olegovich Sibryaev, Aleksandr Sergeevich Stukalov
The article presents the analysis results of changes in the operability of silicone dampers of torsional vibrations of marine diesel engines on the basis of practical measurements carried out by the Testing Center Marine Technology Service under the Astrakhan State Technical University (TC MTS). TC MTS is accredited by the Russian classification society - the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RMRS) in the field of calculation and measurement of torsional vibrations. During its functioning (2001 – to date) the TC MTS has conducted torsiographing procedures of the machine-propulsion systems (MPS) of more than 200 vessels. The large amount of data obtained makes it possible to assess the dynamics of changes in the parameters of torsional vibrations, including amplitude and frequency, according to the results of periodic torsiographing the ship MPS. A change in the technical condition of the torsional vibration damper (a decrease in the efficiency of its operation) and the lack of its constant monitoring lead to the increasing stresses in the ship shaft line and, as a result, to a growing risk of its breakdown, which confirms the urgency of the study. There are given the images as real examples of ship operation failure: Aratere ship shaft fracture, damper mass wedging due to silicone fluid leakage, silicone fluid viscosity increasing to suspension state due to wear products, wear of silicone damper flyweight surfaces, silicone damper body wear. The Hasse & Wrede damper cap fastening with bolts is illustrated.
本文介绍了在阿斯特拉罕国立技术大学(TC MTS)船舶技术服务测试中心进行的实际测量的基础上,硅树脂船用柴油机扭转振动阻尼器可操作性变化的分析结果。TC MTS在扭振计算和测量领域获得了俄罗斯船级社-俄罗斯海事船级社(RMRS)的认可。在其运作期间(2001年至今),该系统已为200多艘船舶进行了机械推进系统(MPS)的扭力处理程序。根据舰船MPS的周期性扭振结果,获得的大量数据使评估扭振参数变化的动态成为可能,包括振幅和频率。扭振减振器技术条件的变化(其运行效率下降)和缺乏对其的持续监测,导致船舶轴系应力增加,从而导致其破裂的风险增加,这证实了研究的紧迫性。给出了船舶运行故障的实例图像:Aratere船轴断裂、硅酮液泄漏导致阻尼器质量楔入、产品磨损导致硅酮液粘度升高至悬浮状态、硅酮阻尼器飞重面磨损、硅酮阻尼器本体磨损。用螺栓紧固的Hasse & Wrede减震器帽图示。
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引用次数: 0
Methods of purifying oily water 含油水净化方法
V. A. Chernov, D. I. Bevza, Oleg Petrovich Shuraev, Aleksander Gennadievich Chichurin
The article describes currently used methods of cleaning ship oil-containing waters and suggests a new method of their disposal. There are shown the specific features of the composition and properties of oil-containing waters, current requirements for the purification of oil-containing waters depending on the areas of operation of the vessel. The main reasons for oily waters emerging are given, as well as the main factors affecting the formation of oily waters on ships. A picture of a water-fuel emulsion under a microscope is illustrated. There are analyzed the methods of oil-containing water purification used on ships, their advantages and disadvantages. There is given a particular description of water purification methods: mechanical purification (straining, settling, centrifugation), physico-chemical purification (adsorption, coalescence, flotation), chemical purification (ozonation, electrochemical purification), biological purification and the method of thermal neutralization (wet burning, fire neutralization). There is presented one of the methods of mechanical wastewater treatment, namely, a scheme for primary treatment of oily waters using a grate, when the oily waters pass through numerous holes and are separated from foreign objects and large solid inclusions. Another example of mechanical wastewater treatment is the design of a clarifier with inclined plates through which the water flow passes along the plates and is divided into layers, which restrains mixing and facilitates settling oil products. A diagram of a coalescing filter (physico-chemical cleaning method) is also presented and its advantages are described. The comparative characteristics of the methods of utilization and neutralization of oily waters are given. Special attention is paid to the development and improvement of the technology of thermal neutralization of ship oil-containing waters. A method of utilization of oily waters by the heat of ship diesel exhaust gases is proposed.
本文介绍了目前船舶含油水的清洗方法,并提出了一种新的处理方法。有显示含油水的组成和性质的具体特点,目前对含油水的净化要求取决于船舶的操作区域。给出了油水产生的主要原因,以及影响船舶油水形成的主要因素。显微镜下的水-燃料乳化液图。分析了船舶上常用的含油水净化方法及其优缺点。具体介绍了水的净化方法:机械净化(过滤、沉淀、离心)、理化净化(吸附、聚结、浮选)、化学净化(臭氧化、电化学净化)、生物净化和热中和法(湿燃烧、火中和)。本文提出了一种机械废水处理方法,即利用炉排对含油水进行一级处理的方案,含油水通过许多孔,与异物和大块固体夹杂物分离。机械废水处理的另一个例子是设计一个带有倾斜板的澄清器,水流沿着板流过并被分成几层,这抑制了混合并促进了油品的沉淀。给出了聚结过滤器(物理-化学清洗法)的示意图,并对其优点进行了描述。给出了含油水利用和中和方法的比较特点。对船舶含油水热中和技术的发展和改进给予了特别的重视。提出了一种利用船舶柴油机废气热利用含油水的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of caprolone stern-shaft bearings on propeller shaft operation 卡普罗酮尾轴轴承对传动轴运行的影响
A. Khalyavkin, M. V. Starkova, V. Bondarenko, V. Gordon, V. Mamontov
The paper considers the conditions for reliability of the ship rudder-propeller complex, whose operation depends on the status of the stern bearings of the ship shafting. Stern bearings are plain bearings located in the vessel's stern tube, they support the propeller shaft of the ship’s shafting. The stern tube is similar for all types of ships, inside which there are located the bearings and a sealing device that prevents ingress of outboard water inside the vessel. It is pointed out that the stern bearings made of caprolone have certain advantages over other traditionally used materials. The numerical values of the main parameters of caprolone stern bearings are presented on the basis of normative and regulatory documents. It is stated that physical and mechanical properties of caprolone in almost all respects are higher than those of other materials currently used for this purpose. Along with strength and high load capacity, caprolone has a low friction coefficient (0.04-0.08). To study the contact of the propeller shaft with the stern bearing there is considered a design diagram (a beam resting on an elastic base with a stiffness coefficient k). The stiffness coefficient of the elastic foundation characterizes the elastic and mechanical properties of the stern bearing. It is proved that caprolone used in stern bearings allows increasing the reliability of the ship’s shafting by full contact with the propeller shaft, reducing vibration and noise, resisting the erosion wear, and increasing safety
考虑了船舶舵-螺旋桨复合体的可靠性条件,该复合体的运行取决于船舶轴系的尾轴轴承的状态。艉轴轴承是位于船舶艉管内的滑动轴承,支承船舶轴系的传动轴。艉管对于所有类型的船舶都是类似的,其中有定位轴承和密封装置,以防止船舶内部的外部水进入。指出用卡普罗酮制成的艉轴轴承与其他传统材料相比具有一定的优势。在规范和规范性文件的基础上,给出了螺杆轴承主要参数的数值。有人指出,卡普罗酮的物理和机械性能几乎在所有方面都高于目前用于这一目的的其他材料。卡普罗酮强度高,承载能力强,摩擦系数低(0.04 ~ 0.08)。为了研究传动轴与尾轴轴承的接触,可以考虑一个设计图(一根梁放在弹性基础上,其刚度系数为k)。弹性基础的刚度系数表征了尾轴轴承的弹性和力学性能。事实证明,在船尾轴承中使用卡普罗龙可以通过与螺旋桨轴的充分接触来提高船舶轴系的可靠性,减少振动和噪音,抵抗侵蚀磨损,提高安全性
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of harmful discharges into hydrosphere from Yanmar D27 diesel outboard motor 洋马D27柴油机舷外发动机对水圈有害排放物的分析
M. Pokusaev, A. Khmelnitskaya, K. Khmelnitsky, Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev, E. G. Ilyina
The article considers the necessity of studying the atmosphere and hydrosphere pollution due to the operation of marine transport engines and the introduction of relevant regulatory documents in the Russian Federation is substantiated. Today the problems of harmful emissions into the environment are considered haphazardly, there are few foreign authors studying the problem. Since 2016, the environmental characteristics of outboard motors in laboratory and scientific conditions have been studied at the Department of Water Transport Operation at the Astrakhan State Technical University. The results of practical measurements of harmful discharges into the hydrosphere from the Yanmar D2 outboard motor are presented. General characteristics of the Yanmar D2 engine are listed (rated power, rated speed, number of cylinders, fuel used, etc.), the general view of the outboard motor is illustrated. A detailed description of the laboratory equipment is given and the technical characteristics of control and measuring instruments (concentrator KN-3 and spectrophotometer PE-5400VI) are listed. It is pointed out that the small experimental pool of the laboratory has patents for a utility model; a schematic diagram of the pool is given. New data on discharges of film and dissolved petroleum products, phosphate ions and total phosphorus into the hydrosphere have been obtained, empirical formulas for calculating the expected level of discharges from a diesel outboard motor depending on its operation time have been developed.
本文认为研究船舶运输发动机运行对大气和水圈污染的必要性,并提出了俄罗斯联邦相关法规文件。今天,有害气体排放到环境中的问题被认为是随意的,很少有外国作者研究这个问题。自2016年以来,阿斯特拉罕国立技术大学水运操作系一直在实验室和科学条件下研究舷外发动机的环境特性。本文介绍了洋马D2舷外发动机对水圈有害排放物的实测结果。列出了洋马D2发动机的一般特性(额定功率、额定转速、气缸数、使用的燃油等),并对舷外电机的总体情况进行了说明。对实验设备进行了详细的描述,列出了控制和测量仪器(浓缩器KN-3和分光光度计PE-5400VI)的技术特点。指出该实验室的小实验池拥有一项实用新型专利;给出了该池的原理图。获得了油膜和溶解的石油产品、磷离子和总磷向水圈排放的新数据,建立了柴油舷外发动机随运行时间的预期排放水平的经验公式。
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引用次数: 1
Problems of organizing importation and examination of quarantine products in Astrakhan region 阿斯特拉罕地区检疫产品组织进口和检验的问题
E. G. Ilyina, Elizaveta Pavlovna Kudreshova, A. V. Melnikov, Yulia Vladimirovna Mostovaya, Aleksandra Nikolaevna Romanenko, A. Khmelnitskaya
Today one of the important tasks is flexible, competent and effective planning of measures for phytosanitary control in the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union of the EAEU, including in Russia. The solution of this problem is significantly hampered by the lack of funding and the lack of highly qualified personnel, insufficient equipment of laboratory quarantine phytosanitary diagnostics. Modern cargo transportation of regulated products between countries depends on geographical, political, economic and many other factors, which necessitates the search for more efficient and shorter routes. The presence of such a transport opportunity as sea transportation between the ports of the Caspian Sea makes it possible to analyze new routes for transporting products to Russia from Iran, Azerbaijan and other countries. Quarantine products imported to Russia in 2021 are listed. The importance of organizing importation and inspection of imported regulated products in the territory of the Astrakhan region is justified. The functions of the phytosanitary inspection are listed. Possibility of easy passing the customs check-in and reducing the idle time for the vehicles during phytosanitary inspection are considered. A twelve-point algorithm is recommended for use including the cargo inspection procedures before transportation. The detailed steps are proposed to speed up transport operations of organizing a sanitary inspection in the port of Olya, in particular, introducing the innovative technologies and the IRIS mini-robot. The model of a mini-robot is illustrated and the prospects of the economic efficiency of the region and food supply of the population are considered. Economic analysis of using the innovative technologies in organizing transportation of the quarantine products has been carried out.
目前的重要任务之一是灵活、有效地规划欧亚经济联盟(EAEU)境内包括俄罗斯境内的植物检疫控制措施。由于缺乏资金和高素质人员、实验室检疫和植物检疫诊断设备不足,这一问题的解决受到严重阻碍。各国之间管制产品的现代货物运输取决于地理、政治、经济和许多其他因素,因此必须寻求更有效和更短的路线。由于里海各港口之间有海上运输这样的运输机会,因此可以分析从伊朗、阿塞拜疆和其他国家向俄罗斯运输产品的新路线。列出2021年进口到俄罗斯的检疫产品。在阿斯特拉罕地区境内组织进口和检查进口管制产品的重要性是合理的。列举了植物检疫检验的功能。考虑了方便海关通关和减少车辆在植物检疫检查中的闲置时间的可能性。建议使用12点算法,包括运输前的货物检验程序。提出了加快运输作业的详细步骤,特别是在奥利亚港组织卫生检查,引入创新技术和IRIS微型机器人。本文给出了微型机器人的模型,并对该地区的经济效益和人口的食物供应进行了展望。对采用创新技术组织检疫产品运输进行了经济分析。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies
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