Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-97-104
I. Plotnikov
Parallel operation of transformers (TR) is one of the key solutions for improving the reliability of power supply, production, traction power substations, port production capacities. TR operation influences the cost effectiveness of different cycles of equipment operation and no-load losses when the equipment is not operated. Creating the most economical cycle of operation of the entire port infrastructure is considered, which will ensure not only the equipment operation, but also maintainability with trouble-free power supply cycle. TR operation requires the precise calculation and necessary conditions for switching, which allows to conduct prompt repair of equipment, proper control of the operation of each TR and each node separately. A complete shutdown of equipment with its further conservation during the period when the equipment is not needed is found possible. There were carried out calculations for the TR parallel operation, which prove the economic benefits of TR parallel operation. Some formulas are derived from the theoretical foundations of electrical engineering. Many calculations present the empirical studies in the field of transformer engineering and power networks. Practical solutions are summarized in tables, where TR options with different passport data are presented. There has been found which of the TRs on the market meet the condition of parallel connection. There are considered the TRs most convenient for gaining the required power. The research results can facilitate the choice of TR when designing new power supply sections and upgrading existing ones. It has been stated that the TR models designed for operation in difficult geoclimatic conditions, on the offshore platforms, in zones of extreme cold and high temperatures are not presented. TR of this design require a separate study due to the specific working conditions.
{"title":"Selecting power transformers with different short circuit voltages for parallel operation","authors":"I. Plotnikov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-97-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-97-104","url":null,"abstract":"Parallel operation of transformers (TR) is one of the key solutions for improving the reliability of power supply, production, traction power substations, port production capacities. TR operation influences the cost effectiveness of different cycles of equipment operation and no-load losses when the equipment is not operated. Creating the most economical cycle of operation of the entire port infrastructure is considered, which will ensure not only the equipment operation, but also maintainability with trouble-free power supply cycle. TR operation requires the precise calculation and necessary conditions for switching, which allows to conduct prompt repair of equipment, proper control of the operation of each TR and each node separately. A complete shutdown of equipment with its further conservation during the period when the equipment is not needed is found possible. There were carried out calculations for the TR parallel operation, which prove the economic benefits of TR parallel operation. Some formulas are derived from the theoretical foundations of electrical engineering. Many calculations present the empirical studies in the field of transformer engineering and power networks. Practical solutions are summarized in tables, where TR options with different passport data are presented. There has been found which of the TRs on the market meet the condition of parallel connection. There are considered the TRs most convenient for gaining the required power. The research results can facilitate the choice of TR when designing new power supply sections and upgrading existing ones. It has been stated that the TR models designed for operation in difficult geoclimatic conditions, on the offshore platforms, in zones of extreme cold and high temperatures are not presented. TR of this design require a separate study due to the specific working conditions.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130603987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-47-58
Sergei Liutko
The problem of navigation safety in modern navigation has been widely studied in the scientific works by many authors. Description of the subject area ‒ the safety of ship navigation ‒ is characterized by different terms, such as “safety of seafaring”, “safety of shipping” or “navigation safety”. However, one can hardly come across a clear definition of the terms. Each author considers the safety of a vessel's navigation from his own point of view and interprets this term in a different way. The term “safety of navigation” does not have clear boundaries, nor a single definition. Using this term the authors mean a subject area or activities united by a single goal. There is defined the autonomous part of the term “security”. This term refracts depending on the subject area, which can be explained by variability of the tools used to achieve a given level of security. A holistic description of the term “safety” in the maritime industry is of particular importance, which will eliminate discrepancies and help clarify the modern terms related to maritime safety. There have been analyzed scientific works, guidelines, standards on the problem of navigation safety and proposed a classification of the terminological apparatus. The search and development of new approaches and methods for preventing ship accidents in the course of operation are becoming increasingly important. At present, the concept of safety in water transport has not been formed and systematized sufficiently, despite the excessive amount of research works devoted to this subject. The relationship between the concepts of “safety of navigation”, “safety of seafaring” or “safety of shipping” is considered. The idea of the concepts classification is proposed.
{"title":"Analysis of guidelines concerning navigation safety","authors":"Sergei Liutko","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-47-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-47-58","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of navigation safety in modern navigation has been widely studied in the scientific works by many authors. Description of the subject area ‒ the safety of ship navigation ‒ is characterized by different terms, such as “safety of seafaring”, “safety of shipping” or “navigation safety”. However, one can hardly come across a clear definition of the terms. Each author considers the safety of a vessel's navigation from his own point of view and interprets this term in a different way. The term “safety of navigation” does not have clear boundaries, nor a single definition. Using this term the authors mean a subject area or activities united by a single goal. There is defined the autonomous part of the term “security”. This term refracts depending on the subject area, which can be explained by variability \u0000of the tools used to achieve a given level of security. A holistic description of the term “safety” in the maritime industry is of particular importance, which will eliminate discrepancies and help clarify the modern terms related to maritime safety. There have been analyzed scientific works, guidelines, standards on the problem of navigation safety and proposed a classification of the terminological apparatus. The search and development of new approaches and methods for preventing ship accidents in the course of operation are becoming increasingly important. At present, the concept of safety in water transport has not been formed and systematized sufficiently, despite the excessive amount of research works devoted to this subject. The relationship between the concepts of “safety of navigation”, “safety of seafaring” or “safety of shipping” is considered. The idea of the concepts classification is proposed.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114013278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-82-88
V. F. Samoseyko, Sergey Vladimirovich Sharashkin
The article considers the problem of improving the quality of electricity, in particular the power factor. The increased value of the power factor leads to decreasing the reactive component of the currents in the ship power network and, as a result, to a decreased power of converting equipment, generators and cable products. There is studied a section in the methodology of designing ship electrical machines developed at the Department of Electric Drives and Electrical Equipment of Coastal Power Plants in Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, which allows to evaluate the parameters of asynchronous electric motors at the design stage. Today, in designing electrical machines there are used the methods developed in the last century, which do not allow to carry out electromagnetic calculations subject to the required value of the power factor. The power factor is known to be determined by empirical formulas after setting the main parameters of the mechanism. The equivalent circuit of asynchronous electric motor containing the parameters of stator and rotor windings, and its mathematical description based on equations corresponding to Kirchhoff's laws are considered. Transformations of the equations describing the electromagnetic processes in the engine given for the static mode of operation in a complex form are made. There are given the expressions that allow determining the magnetizing current, magnetic conductivities, magnetizing forces, air gap and magnetic saturation coefficients, overall dimensions of the electric motor, and electromagnetic torque that it develops. Basing on the transformed equations describing an asynchronous electric motor there have been derived the regularities that help set the value of the power factor as initial data at the stage of design. The practical significance of the applied methodology and importance of the chosen subject have been analyzed.
{"title":"Method of designing asynchronous propulsion motors with given power factor","authors":"V. F. Samoseyko, Sergey Vladimirovich Sharashkin","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-82-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-82-88","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the problem of improving the quality of electricity, in particular the power factor. The increased value of the power factor leads to decreasing the reactive component of the currents in the ship power network and, as a result, to a decreased power of converting equipment, generators and cable products. There is studied \u0000a section in the methodology of designing ship electrical machines developed at the Department of Electric Drives and Electrical Equipment of Coastal Power Plants in Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, which allows to evaluate the parameters of asynchronous electric motors at the design stage. Today, in designing electrical machines there are used the methods developed in the last century, which do not allow to carry out electromagnetic calculations subject to the required value of the power factor. The power factor is known to be determined by empirical formulas after setting the main parameters of the mechanism. The equivalent circuit of asynchronous electric motor containing the parameters of stator and rotor windings, and its mathematical description based on equations corresponding to Kirchhoff's laws are considered. Transformations of the equations describing the electromagnetic processes in the engine given for the static mode of operation in a complex form are made. There are given the expressions that allow determining the magnetizing current, magnetic conductivities, magnetizing forces, air gap and magnetic saturation coefficients, overall dimensions of the electric motor, and electromagnetic torque that it develops. Basing on the transformed equations describing an asynchronous electric motor there have been derived the regularities that help set the value of the power factor as initial data at the stage of design. The practical significance of the applied methodology and importance of the chosen subject have been analyzed.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129429819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-67-72
Konstantin Olegovich Sibryaev, M. Pokusaev, Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev, A. D. Ibadullaev
The article considers the assessment of operational conditions of silicone torsional vibration dampers of ship propulsion systems. The static data of the foreign company “Holset” on the average time of preventive repairs of silicone dampers with removable covers are given, the performance indicators of these devices are presented. The parameters of efficiency and technical state of the silicone dampers are determined. As it has been found out from the technical operation, the replacement of torsional vibration dampers is needed only if there appear any clear signs of their malfunction or damage. The main methods of diagnostics of operating condition of silicone dampers are analyzed (diagnostics and determination of the residual resource based on the results of the torsiography procedure of the ship shafting, sampling the damper filler (silicone liquid) with further conducting the physico-chemical analysis. The key factors affecting the performance of silicone dampers are considered (state of the filler of polymethylsiloxane liquid (PMS-liquid), leakage of PMS-liquid, design of the silicone damper, resonant modes of the main engine operation). Conclusions are drawn about the optional correspondence of the appointed terms of operation of torsional vibration silicone dampers and their technical state; the need for periodic, timely troubleshooting; inefficient determining the operability and technical state of the dampers based on sampling the filler (silicone liquid).
{"title":"Assessing operating conditions of silicone torsional vibration dampers of ship propulsion systems","authors":"Konstantin Olegovich Sibryaev, M. Pokusaev, Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev, A. D. Ibadullaev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-67-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-67-72","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the assessment of operational conditions of silicone torsional vibration dampers \u0000of ship propulsion systems. The static data of the foreign company “Holset” on the average time of preventive repairs of silicone dampers with removable covers are given, the performance indicators of these devices are presented. The parameters of efficiency and technical state of the silicone dampers are determined. As it has been found out from the technical operation, the replacement of torsional vibration dampers is needed only if there appear any clear signs \u0000of their malfunction or damage. The main methods of diagnostics of operating condition of silicone dampers are analyzed (diagnostics and determination of the residual resource based on the results of the torsiography procedure of the ship shafting, sampling the damper filler (silicone liquid) with further conducting the physico-chemical analysis. The key factors affecting the performance of silicone dampers are considered (state of the filler of polymethylsiloxane liquid (PMS-liquid), leakage of PMS-liquid, design of the silicone damper, resonant modes of the main engine operation). Conclusions are drawn about the optional correspondence of the appointed terms of operation of torsional vibration silicone dampers and their technical state; the need for periodic, timely troubleshooting; inefficient determining the operability and technical state of the dampers based on sampling the filler (silicone liquid).","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128197340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-59-66
Anatoly Nikolaevich Sobolenko, Vladimir Viktorovich Manitsyn
The article presents an overview of the general events in longline fishing. Three types of longline fishing (pelagic (drifting), near-bottom and bottom fishing) are used today. Longline fishing and the required fishing gear ‒ a ridge and hooks with leads ‒ are described. The development of longline fishing in the Far Eastern basin began in 1926. Cod and halibut were caught by longline fishing. Originally, small Kawasaki vessels and MRS-80 type fishing seiners were used for launching and hauling the nets. Since the 1950s longline fishing has practically ceased. Its revival began only in the mid-1970s. Than it became possible to conduct the research and development of means of longline fishing mechanization. Lagging of the national means of mechanization from the foreign ones was obvious, that is why it was decided to buy Norwegian and German longline complexes and convert already built vessels into longline fishing vessels. There have been considered different types of on longline fishing vessels. A refrigerating unit and a longline complex are common features for these vessels. The architecture of the vessel hulls of both small tonnage and medium tonnage does not meet the modern environmental requirements, because a large number of seabirds and other mammals die when hauling a line. As a result of the review of the main power plants, it was revealed that the main power plant includes a main engine, a reverse gear, a shaft generator, a fixed-pitch propeller or an adjustable-pitch propeller, and a multiplier. It has been inferred that there is no general approach when choosing the most appropriate main power plant for a longline vessel.
{"title":"Overview of longline vessels and their main power plants operating in Far Eastern fishing basin","authors":"Anatoly Nikolaevich Sobolenko, Vladimir Viktorovich Manitsyn","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-59-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-59-66","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an overview of the general events in longline fishing. Three types of longline fishing (pelagic (drifting), near-bottom and bottom fishing) are used today. Longline fishing and the required fishing gear ‒ \u0000a ridge and hooks with leads ‒ are described. The development of longline fishing in the Far Eastern basin began in 1926. Cod and halibut were caught by longline fishing. Originally, small Kawasaki vessels and MRS-80 type fishing seiners were used for launching and hauling the nets. Since the 1950s longline fishing has practically ceased. Its revival began only in the mid-1970s. Than it became possible to conduct the research and development of means of longline fishing mechanization. Lagging of the national means of mechanization from the foreign ones was obvious, that is why it was decided to buy Norwegian and German longline complexes and convert already built vessels into longline fishing vessels. There have been considered different types of on longline fishing vessels. A refrigerating unit and a longline complex are common features for these vessels. The architecture of the vessel hulls of both small tonnage and medium tonnage does not meet the modern environmental requirements, because a large number of seabirds and other mammals die when hauling a line. As a result of the review of the main power plants, it was revealed that the main power plant includes a main engine, a reverse gear, a shaft generator, a fixed-pitch propeller or an adjustable-pitch propeller, and a multiplier. It has been inferred that there is no general approach when choosing the most appropriate main power plant for a longline vessel.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116977007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-7-18
M. Lebedeva, A. O. Lebedev, N. Ageeva, A. Butsanets
Modern research in the field of oceanology in the Arctic region, studying the ice conditions, environmental and climatic monitoring, prospecting and hydrographic works, monitoring of extended bottom structures, oceano-graphic measurements, search for sunken objects, chemical and physical measurements of the aquatic environment, research of underwater objects and bottom topography cannot be imagined without the use of autonomous unmanned submersibles. Underwater robotics is rapidly developing. In the course of technological progress the scope of applications of autonomous unmanned submersible crafts has significantly expanded. The priority areas of robotics involve developing the intelligent methods and models to control operation of the autonomous submersibles in the extreme and uncertain environmental conditions, developing the architecture of autonomous submersibles, and solving problems of navigation and communication. Each class of autonomous submersible crafts has not only the advantages, but also the disadvantages that limit the scope of their application. Analysis and comparison of autonomous submersibles are carried out, the trends in their development are determined. The alternative classification of autonomous unmanned underwater crafts by the shape of the hull. Various versions of autonomous underwater vehicles and examples of underwater robotics are illustrated. Autonomous unmanned submersible crafts having a bluff shape, well-streamlined cylindrical shape, well-streamlined non-cylindrical shape, well-streamlined bionic shape are considered in detail, the system of control over the submersibles is analyzed.
{"title":"Shape of unmanned submersible hull taken as classification feature","authors":"M. Lebedeva, A. O. Lebedev, N. Ageeva, A. Butsanets","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-7-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-7-18","url":null,"abstract":"Modern research in the field of oceanology in the Arctic region, studying the ice conditions, environmental and climatic monitoring, prospecting and hydrographic works, monitoring of extended bottom structures, oceano-graphic measurements, search for sunken objects, chemical and physical measurements of the aquatic environment, research of underwater objects and bottom topography cannot be imagined without the use of autonomous unmanned submersibles. Underwater robotics is rapidly developing. In the course of technological progress the scope of applications of autonomous unmanned submersible crafts has significantly expanded. The priority areas of robotics involve developing the intelligent methods and models to control operation of the autonomous submersibles in the extreme and uncertain environmental conditions, developing the architecture of autonomous submersibles, and solving problems of navigation and communication. Each class of autonomous submersible crafts has not only the advantages, but also the disadvantages that limit the scope of their application. Analysis and comparison of autonomous submersibles are carried out, the trends in their development are determined. The alternative classification of autonomous unmanned underwater crafts by the shape of the hull. Various versions of autonomous underwater vehicles and examples of underwater robotics are illustrated. Autonomous unmanned submersible crafts having a bluff shape, well-streamlined cylindrical shape, well-streamlined non-cylindrical shape, well-streamlined bionic shape are considered in detail, the system of control over the submersibles is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130440527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-19-26
M. Pokusaev, K. Khmelnitsky, A. Khmelnitskaya, M. Rudenko, Alexei Alekseevich Kadin, Galina Gennadievna Klochkova
When studying the characteristics of the outboard motors with capacity of more than 10 kW weighing over 100 kg at full equipment, the Department of Water Transport Operation of Astrakhan State Technical University needed to change the design of a small experimental tank. Previously, the small experimental tank was adapted for testing outboard motors with capacity not exceeding 8 l/s - 6 kW and weight up to 25 kg having such technical indicators as the screw stop, the developed power of the outboard motor, tank water temperature, exhaust gas temperature, fuel consumption, rate of heating the aquatic environment during the engine operation, the number of revolutions of the engine crankshaft, the number of revolutions of the screw, with possibility of environmental studies of noise levels, vibration levels, as well as harmful discharges and exhaust emissions of outboard motors by sampling water and gases. In addition to sensors and devices designed to measure technical and environmental indicators, the small experimental tank was previously equipped with an auxiliary equipment: supply and exhaust ventilation, a water level gauge in a basin tank, a steam compressor refrigeration unit, a water supply and drainage system with sampling fittings, a gas sampling probe, a rotary rod for installing a noise meter, a platform with steps, general and local lighting fixtures. There has been illustrated a layout of an experimental tank covered with heat-insulating paint from the outside. In the course of changing the structure there was installed a lifting boom and an external transom. The tank bowl was upgraded by installing a bypass pipe. The described technical solutions have expanded the possibilities of the small experimental tank in conducting the research on outboard motors.
{"title":"Modification of design of small experimental tank for complex tests of outboard motors","authors":"M. Pokusaev, K. Khmelnitsky, A. Khmelnitskaya, M. Rudenko, Alexei Alekseevich Kadin, Galina Gennadievna Klochkova","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-19-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-19-26","url":null,"abstract":"When studying the characteristics of the outboard motors with capacity of more than 10 kW weighing over 100 kg at full equipment, the Department of Water Transport Operation of Astrakhan State Technical University needed to change the design of a small experimental tank. Previously, the small experimental tank was adapted for testing outboard motors with capacity not exceeding 8 l/s - 6 kW and weight up to 25 kg having such technical indicators as the screw stop, the developed power of the outboard motor, tank water temperature, exhaust gas temperature, fuel consumption, rate of heating the aquatic environment during the engine operation, the number of revolutions \u0000of the engine crankshaft, the number of revolutions of the screw, with possibility of environmental studies of noise levels, vibration levels, as well as harmful discharges and exhaust emissions of outboard motors by sampling water and gases. In addition to sensors and devices designed to measure technical and environmental indicators, the small experimental tank was previously equipped with an auxiliary equipment: supply and exhaust ventilation, a water level gauge in a basin tank, a steam compressor refrigeration unit, a water supply and drainage system with sampling fittings, a gas sampling probe, a rotary rod for installing a noise meter, a platform with steps, general and local lighting fixtures. There has been illustrated a layout of an experimental tank covered with heat-insulating paint from the outside. In the course of changing the structure there was installed a lifting boom and an external transom. The tank bowl was upgraded by installing a bypass pipe. The described technical solutions have expanded the possibilities of the small experimental tank in conducting the research on outboard motors.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128698446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-38-46
D. Yastrebov
The article highlights the urgent problem of corrosion protection monitoring of sea-going vessels and ships. Nowadays, the ship teams provide the control by measuring the potential of the ship hull using reference electrodes. There are given the results of monitoring the corrosion protection of the hull of the sea-going vessel PM-15 project No. 304/III. The control system is based on the results of measuring the potential of the ship hull. The measurements were taken using a standard silver chloride reference electrode (SCE) and two nonstandard electrodes made of galvanized steel. In manufacturing the non-standard reference electrodes there were taken into account the requests of the crews of sea-going vessels of the Kamchatka fleet. Testing the reference electrodes of galvanized steel proves that the results of measuring the potential of the ship hull can be classified as accurate measurements in accordance with GOST R 8.736-2011. The measuring results are quite stable according to GOST R 8.736-2011. It has been stated that the cost of CSE is several times higher than the cost of reference electrodes made of galvanized steel. The process of storing and transporting CSE is more labour-intensive compared to the galvanized steel reference electrodes. The galvanized steel reference electrodes provided for protecting the marine hulls from corrosion are recommended for use. It has been inferred that manufacture and application of non-standard reference electrodes on ships can be provided by ship repair crews. The study results can be used by the crews of sea-going vessels to control the protection of ship hulls against corrosion.
本文着重介绍了海上船舶的防腐蚀监测问题。如今，船舶团队通过使用参考电极测量船体的电势来提供控制。介绍了304/III号航船PM-15船体腐蚀防护监测结果。该控制系统是基于测量船体势能的结果。测量使用一个标准的氯化银参比电极(SCE)和两个由镀锌钢制成的非标准电极。在制造非标准参考电极时，考虑到了堪察加舰队海船船员的要求。通过对镀锌钢基准电极的测试，证明船体电势测量结果符合GOST R 8.736-2011的精确测量。根据GOST R 8.736-2011，测量结果相当稳定。有人说，CSE的成本比镀锌钢制成的参考电极的成本高几倍。与镀锌钢参考电极相比，储存和运输CSE的过程更加劳动密集型。推荐使用用于保护船体免受腐蚀的镀锌钢参考电极。由此推断，船舶上非标准参考电极的制造和应用可以由船舶修理人员提供。研究结果可为海船船员控制船体防腐蚀防护提供参考。
{"title":"To question of manufacturing zinc reference electrodes for sea-going vessels and ships","authors":"D. Yastrebov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-38-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-4-38-46","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the urgent problem of corrosion protection monitoring of sea-going vessels and ships. Nowadays, the ship teams provide the control by measuring the potential of the ship hull using reference electrodes. There are given the results of monitoring the corrosion protection of the hull of the sea-going vessel PM-15 project No. 304/III. The control system is based on the results of measuring the potential of the ship hull. The measurements were taken using a standard silver chloride reference electrode (SCE) and two nonstandard electrodes made of galvanized steel. In manufacturing the non-standard reference electrodes there were taken into account the requests of the crews of sea-going vessels of the Kamchatka fleet. Testing the reference electrodes of galvanized steel proves that the results of measuring the potential of the ship hull can be classified as accurate measurements in accordance with GOST R 8.736-2011. The measuring results are quite stable according to GOST R 8.736-2011. It has been stated that the cost of CSE is several times higher than the cost of reference electrodes made of galvanized steel. The process of storing and transporting CSE is more labour-intensive compared to the galvanized steel reference electrodes. The galvanized steel reference electrodes provided for protecting the marine hulls from corrosion are recommended for use. It has been inferred that manufacture and application of non-standard reference electrodes on ships can be provided by ship repair crews. The study results can be used by the crews of sea-going vessels to control the protection \u0000of ship hulls against corrosion.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129665393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-98-104
Mariia Andreevna Shapovalova
The article considers the technological features of cargo handling processes in the seaport. The activities of customs authorities and other participants in transport and logistics schemes at maritime checkpoints have been studied. The customs procedures under which the imported goods are placed, namely the release for domestic consumption (code IM40) and customs transit (code IM80) are considered. Other customs procedures make a very small proportion of the total volume of goods. It is stated that the actions for which the customs authorities and the operator of the cargo terminal are responsible are aggregated or carried out in parallel, although both options for actions can potentially cause delays. There have been collected the data on customs and port operations for the same period and for the same consignments, identified by the numbers of cargo manifests, transport documents, transit declarations, declarations for goods, orders for inspection or examining the containers in order to link the information collected from the customs authorities with the information from the cargo terminal operator for the same shipments. The analysis of transport and logistics schemes for importing the goods by sea into the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union and placing them under the customs procedure of customs transit using road and rail transport, as well as under the customs procedure of release for domestic consumption was carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the specific features of schemes for the goods transportation by sea when imported into the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union and their placement under various customs procedures.
{"title":"Transport and logistics schemes of cargo transportation including customs operations carried out in sea ports","authors":"Mariia Andreevna Shapovalova","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-98-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-98-104","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the technological features of cargo handling processes in the seaport. The activities of customs authorities and other participants in transport and logistics schemes at maritime checkpoints have been studied. The customs procedures under which the imported goods are placed, namely the release for domestic consumption (code IM40) and customs transit (code IM80) are considered. Other customs procedures make a very small proportion of the total volume of goods. It is stated that the actions for which the customs authorities and the operator of the cargo terminal are responsible are aggregated or carried out in parallel, although both options for actions can potentially cause delays. There have been collected the data on customs and port operations for the same period and for the same consignments, identified by the numbers of cargo manifests, transport documents, transit declarations, declarations for goods, orders for inspection or examining the containers in order to link the information collected from the customs authorities with the information from the cargo terminal operator for the same shipments. The analysis of transport and logistics schemes for importing the goods by sea into the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union and placing them under the customs procedure of customs transit using road and rail transport, as well as under the customs procedure of release for domestic consumption was carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the specific features of schemes for the goods transportation by sea when imported into the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union and their placement under various customs procedures.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132484288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-40-49
V. Popov, A. Ivanovskaya, V. L. Erofeev, E. Bogatyreva
Lowering and recovery operations, as well as towing underwater and surface objects are carried out with the help of a ship winch. As a result of the impact of any external disturbances, longitudinal oscillations appear in the towing rope, whose resonant maxima may fall into the vessel’s frequency range. The longer the cable, the greater the number of resonant frequencies in the operating range. Such operating conditions of the ship’s lifting equipment have a negative impact on the operation of the ship’s power plant as a whole. In order to increase the reliability of deck lifting equipment it is proposed to use an adaptive control system that would respond in a timely manner to changes in loading. Lifting equipment of a fishing vessel with non-stationarity of dynamic processes in operation is considered as an application of such a system. There is considered a principle of operation of the adaptive hydraulic drive of a trawl winch. The important scientific and technical problem of developing a complex mathematical model of the above control system has been solved. The directions of experimental research are determined. There is proposed a laboratory unit to evaluate the influence of the parameters of a mechanical system on the dynamics of a hydraulic drive of a load-lifting device adaptive to load variability. The unit operates due to changing the number and weight of the load discs installed on the driving and driven pulleys and simulating a change in the inertial coefficient, which is typical for a trawl winch. The second direction of experimental research is the verification of the adequacy of the obtained mathematical models. There are presented the results of the verification in the form of calculated and averaged experimental dynamometer cards, which are well correlated, with deviation up to 8%.
{"title":"Specific features of methodology for conducting experimental studies of adaptive control system of ship lifting devices","authors":"V. Popov, A. Ivanovskaya, V. L. Erofeev, E. Bogatyreva","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-40-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-40-49","url":null,"abstract":"Lowering and recovery operations, as well as towing underwater and surface objects are carried out with the help of a ship winch. As a result of the impact of any external disturbances, longitudinal oscillations appear in the towing rope, whose resonant maxima may fall into the vessel’s frequency range. The longer the cable, the greater the number of resonant frequencies in the operating range. Such operating conditions of the ship’s lifting equipment have a negative impact on the operation of the ship’s power plant as a whole. In order to increase the reliability of deck lifting equipment it is proposed to use an adaptive control system that would respond in a timely manner to changes in loading. Lifting equipment of a fishing vessel with non-stationarity of dynamic processes in operation is considered as an application of such a system. There is considered a principle of operation of the adaptive hydraulic drive of a trawl winch. The important scientific and technical problem of developing a complex mathematical model of the above control system has been solved. The directions of experimental research are determined. There is proposed a laboratory unit to evaluate the influence of the parameters of a mechanical system on the dynamics of a hydraulic drive of a load-lifting device adaptive to load variability. The unit operates due to changing the number and weight of the load discs installed on the driving and driven pulleys and simulating a change in the inertial coefficient, which is typical for a trawl winch. The second direction of experimental research is the verification of the adequacy of the obtained mathematical models. There are presented the results of the verification in the form of calculated and averaged experimental dynamometer cards, which are well correlated, with deviation up to 8%.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123322715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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