Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-141-146
Evgeniy G. Stepanov, Vadim T. Kaibyshev, L. M. Masyagutova, Guzyal R. Sadrtdinova
In recent years, the range of publications concerning the high likelihood of teachers developing syndromes of professional burnout and professional destruction has been increasingly expanding. This trend is almost equally characteristic of most countries over the world: from Great Britain, Germany, and Scandinavia in Europe to China, Japan in Asia and Nigeria in Africa, and, over the last decade, in Russia. In other words, the problem under consideration is global in nature and depends little on the level of economic development of the country and its ethno-geographical characteristics. Purpose of work. Study foreign and domestic scientific literature directly related to the problems of creating working conditions and their impact on the health in education workers. The presented review is based on the publications of a number of domestic and foreign studies. The literature search was carried out using the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, RSCI. A total of forty two publications were analyzed for the period from 2001 to 2022. A systematic analysis of the world scientific literature was conducted on the management of events aimed at assessing the working conditions and health in teachers. The study examined various aspects related to the provision of medical care to education workers. After evaluating the results of the study, it became clear that there is some discrepancy between reports in the field of psychology and hygiene. In the first group of works devoted to the psychological aspect, insufficient attention is paid to the study of working conditions and their impact on the health of teachers, despite the widespread prevalence of professional burnout syndrome among the teaching community. At the same time, in the second group of studies devoted to hygienic aspects, the role of psychosocial factors influencing the health of teachers is not sufficiently addressed. Conclusion. In general, the analysis of the characteristics of working conditions and health of pedagogical workers allows concluding this topic to be relevant and in demand in the scientific world. It also highlights the need for further research and development in this area to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of related diseases.
{"title":"Working conditions and health status of school workers (literature review)","authors":"Evgeniy G. Stepanov, Vadim T. Kaibyshev, L. M. Masyagutova, Guzyal R. Sadrtdinova","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-141-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-141-146","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the range of publications concerning the high likelihood of teachers developing syndromes of professional burnout and professional destruction has been increasingly expanding. This trend is almost equally characteristic of most countries over the world: from Great Britain, Germany, and Scandinavia in Europe to China, Japan in Asia and Nigeria in Africa, and, over the last decade, in Russia. In other words, the problem under consideration is global in nature and depends little on the level of economic development of the country and its ethno-geographical characteristics. \u0000Purpose of work. Study foreign and domestic scientific literature directly related to the problems of creating working conditions and their impact on the health in education workers. \u0000The presented review is based on the publications of a number of domestic and foreign studies. The literature search was carried out using the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, RSCI. A total of forty two publications were analyzed for the period from 2001 to 2022. \u0000A systematic analysis of the world scientific literature was conducted on the management of events aimed at assessing the working conditions and health in teachers. The study examined various aspects related to the provision of medical care to education workers. \u0000After evaluating the results of the study, it became clear that there is some discrepancy between reports in the field of psychology and hygiene. In the first group of works devoted to the psychological aspect, insufficient attention is paid to the study of working conditions and their impact on the health of teachers, despite the widespread prevalence of professional burnout syndrome among the teaching community. At the same time, in the second group of studies devoted to hygienic aspects, the role of psychosocial factors influencing the health of teachers is not sufficiently addressed. \u0000Conclusion. In general, the analysis of the characteristics of working conditions and health of pedagogical workers allows concluding this topic to be relevant and in demand in the scientific world. It also highlights the need for further research and development in this area to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of related diseases.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-158-164
A.A. Gizatullina, Yana V. Valova, D. A. Smolyankin, N. Khusnutdinova, D. Karimov, D. D. Karimov, G. F. Mukhammadiyeva, E. F. Repina
Introduction. Cadmium chloride is an inorganic compound containing cadmium, a heavy metal that is one of the active environmental pollutants today. Damage to organs in experimental animals due to cadmium poisoning is similar to that in humans. In this work, the activity of metallothionein and zinc transporters genes was studied in a chronic model of cadmium-induced poisoning in experimental animals. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out using seventy two individuals of white inbred rats of both sexes, the average weight of which was 215 g. Animals from four groups were injected with a solution of cadmium chloride in four different doses, respectively, individuals of the fifth group, the control group, received an equimolar volume of pure water. The objects of the study were the kidneys and livers of rats, removed after the animals were withdrawn from the experiment. Next, the activity of the Mt1A, Mt2A, Mt3A, Zip1 and Znt1 genes was analyzed in organ samples using real-time PCR. Results. Significant increases in the expression multiplicity of Mt1A, Mt2A and Mt3A metallothionein genes in the kidneys at different doses of the toxicant were revealed. In liver samples, a decrease in the expression of the Mt2A gene was found in the experimental group exposed to cadmium chloride at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (p<0.05). For the Znt1 gene in rat liver tissue, there was a statistically significant decrease in expression at a dose of 0.001 mg/kg (p<0.05) and, conversely, an increase at doses of 0.1 and 1 mg/kg (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Analysis of the level of transcripts of the Zip1 gene in the kidneys and liver after 6 months of inoculation with the toxicant in the presented doses did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups. Limitations. Laboratory animals of the only biological species were used for the experiment. Four doses of the cadmium salt alone were evaluated. Conclusion. The results obtained allow concluding that the level of expression of the Mt1A, Mt2A and Mt3A genes in the kidneys can play the role of a diagnostic marker in chronic poisoning with the toxicant under study.
{"title":"Effect of chronic intake of cadmium chloride on the transcriptional activity of metallothionein and zinc transporter genes","authors":"A.A. Gizatullina, Yana V. Valova, D. A. Smolyankin, N. Khusnutdinova, D. Karimov, D. D. Karimov, G. F. Mukhammadiyeva, E. F. Repina","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-158-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-158-164","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Cadmium chloride is an inorganic compound containing cadmium, a heavy metal that is one of the active environmental pollutants today. Damage to organs in experimental animals due to cadmium poisoning is similar to that in humans. In this work, the activity of metallothionein and zinc transporters genes was studied in a chronic model of cadmium-induced poisoning in experimental animals. \u0000Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out using seventy two individuals of white inbred rats of both sexes, the average weight of which was 215 g. Animals from four groups were injected with a solution of cadmium chloride in four different doses, respectively, individuals of the fifth group, the control group, received an equimolar volume of pure water. The objects of the study were the kidneys and livers of rats, removed after the animals were withdrawn from the experiment. Next, the activity of the Mt1A, Mt2A, Mt3A, Zip1 and Znt1 genes was analyzed in organ samples using real-time PCR. \u0000Results. Significant increases in the expression multiplicity of Mt1A, Mt2A and Mt3A metallothionein genes in the kidneys at different doses of the toxicant were revealed. In liver samples, a decrease in the expression of the Mt2A gene was found in the experimental group exposed to cadmium chloride at a dose \u0000of 0.1 mg/kg (p<0.05). For the Znt1 gene in rat liver tissue, there was a statistically significant decrease in expression at a dose of 0.001 mg/kg (p<0.05) \u0000and, conversely, an increase at doses of 0.1 and 1 mg/kg (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Analysis of the level of transcripts of the Zip1 gene in the kidneys and liver after 6 months of inoculation with the toxicant in the presented doses did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups. \u0000Limitations. Laboratory animals of the only biological species were used for the experiment. Four doses of the cadmium salt alone were evaluated. \u0000Conclusion. The results obtained allow concluding that the level of expression of the Mt1A, Mt2A and Mt3A genes in the kidneys can play the role of a diagnostic marker in chronic poisoning with the toxicant under study.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"124 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-165-171
Y. Ryabova, Lada V. Shabardina, Aleksandr A. Keskevich, I. Minigalieva, Marina Р. Sutunkova, Inna V. Butakova, Vlada A. Bateneva, L. Privalova
Introduction. Chemical compounds possessing of a neurotropic effect are extremely widespread in industry, which makes the problem of neurotoxicity relevant for occupational medicine. Since industrial workers are often exposed to a combination of both physical and chemical work-related risk factors, a complex adverse health effect of the latter should be considered. Our objective was to study neurotoxic effects of exposure to cadmium chloride combined with physical activity in a subchronic experiment on rats and assess the efficacy of a biological prophylactic complex. Material and methods. For six weeks, 0.77 mg/kg b.w. of cadmium chloride was intraperineally instilled to outbred male albino rats thrice a week. Five times a week, the rodents were forced to run for 10 minutes at a speed of 25 m/min. During the entire exposure period, half of the animals received a specially developed bioprophylactic complex consisting of pectin, monosodium glutamate, and a multivitamin/multimineral supplement with feed and drink. Results. In combination with physical activity, cadmium exposure caused depression, anxiety, low exploratory behaviour, and spatial memory disturbances. The developed bioprophylactic complex helped mitigate toxic effects of cadmium aggravated with intense physical activity and improve the general condition of the rodents. Limitations. The experiment was limited to examining the behaviour of male rats following subchronic exposure to a single dose of cadmium. Conclusions. Subchronic exposure to cadmium combined with physical activity can induce certain neurotoxic effects. Administration of the specially developed complex of biological protectors has shown to attenuate or minimize these effects. Similar measures can be taken to diminish risks of adverse health consequences of the factors studied.
{"title":"Neurotoxic effects of cadmium chloride exposure combined with physical activity and protective effect of bioprophylactic agents","authors":"Y. Ryabova, Lada V. Shabardina, Aleksandr A. Keskevich, I. Minigalieva, Marina Р. Sutunkova, Inna V. Butakova, Vlada A. Bateneva, L. Privalova","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-165-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-165-171","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Chemical compounds possessing of a neurotropic effect are extremely widespread in industry, which makes the problem of neurotoxicity relevant for occupational medicine. Since industrial workers are often exposed to a combination of both physical and chemical work-related risk factors, a complex adverse health effect of the latter should be considered. \u0000Our objective was to study neurotoxic effects of exposure to cadmium chloride combined with physical activity in a subchronic experiment on rats and assess the efficacy of a biological prophylactic complex. \u0000Material and methods. For six weeks, 0.77 mg/kg b.w. of cadmium chloride was intraperineally instilled to outbred male albino rats thrice a week. Five times a week, the rodents were forced to run for 10 minutes at a speed of 25 m/min. During the entire exposure period, half of the animals received a specially developed bioprophylactic complex consisting of pectin, monosodium glutamate, and a multivitamin/multimineral supplement with feed and drink. \u0000Results. In combination with physical activity, cadmium exposure caused depression, anxiety, low exploratory behaviour, and spatial memory disturbances. The developed bioprophylactic complex helped mitigate toxic effects of cadmium aggravated with intense physical activity and improve the general condition of the rodents. \u0000Limitations. The experiment was limited to examining the behaviour of male rats following subchronic exposure to a single dose of cadmium. \u0000Conclusions. Subchronic exposure to cadmium combined with physical activity can induce certain neurotoxic effects. Administration of the specially developed complex of biological protectors has shown to attenuate or minimize these effects. Similar measures can be taken to diminish risks of adverse health consequences of the factors studied.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"6 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2023-103-2-113-119
A.V. Alekseeva, Yuriy A. Rakhmanin, Irina A. Tyurina, Yana I. Lebed-Sharlevich
The article contains an overview of regulatory standing orders devoted to the issues of methodological approaches to assessment and certification systems of reagents, materials, and technologies used in water treatment in Russia and abroad. When conducting a literature search, the following databases were used: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Global Health, RSCI, as well as a search method based on keywords and citations. Reagents and materials used in water treatment must neither impair the organoleptic properties of water, support the growth of microorganisms, nor have a cytotoxic or mutagenic effect. Their safety assessment includes studies of impurities, chemical and physical properties, maximum doses, behaviour in water, transformation in different environments, migration, and cumulative effects. Reagents, equipment, and materials in many countries are subject to certification by various organizations and specialized laboratories. There are established procedures for their control, including procurement, inspection, handling, storage, and maintenance to ensure quality. At the same time, there is a number of differences: various criteria and standards are used to assess these parameters (from 0.1 MPC to MPC in the hood), and unlike methods. The research methodology, experimental conditions and methods for assessing the results obtained also differ significantly, which can lead to differences in the final results concluding permission and not permission for use in drinking water supply. Standardization of methods and criteria will provide an integrated and comprehensive approach to the selection of reagents and materials in contact with drinking water, eliminate existing contradictions, and help to unite the efforts of many organizations to create an optimal standardization option.
文章概述了俄罗斯和国外专门针对水处理所用试剂、材料和技术的评估和认证系统的方法论问题而制定的管理条例。在进行文献检索时，使用了以下数据库：Pubmed、Scopus、Web of Science、MedLine、Global Health、RSCI，以及基于关键词和引文的检索方法。用于水处理的试剂和材料不得损害水的感官特性，不得支持微生物的生长，也不得具有细胞毒性或诱变作用。其安全性评估包括对杂质、化学和物理特性、最大剂量、在水中的表现、在不同环境中的转化、迁移和累积效应的研究。许多国家的试剂、设备和材料都要经过各种组织和专业实验室的认证。对它们的控制有既定的程序，包括采购、检查、处理、储存和维护，以确保质量。与此同时，也存在一些差异：评估这些参数（从 0.1 MPC 到罩内的 MPC）的标准和规范各不相同，方法也不尽相同。研究方法、实验条件和评估结果的方法也大相径庭，这可能导致最终结果的不同，从而得出允许或不允许在饮用水供应中使用的结论。方法和标准的标准化将为选择与饮用水接触的试剂和材料提供一个综合全面的方法，消除现有的矛盾，并有助于联合许多组织的力量，创建一个最佳的标准化方案。
{"title":"Assessment and certification systems for reagents, materials and technologies used in water treatment in Russia and abroad","authors":"A.V. Alekseeva, Yuriy A. Rakhmanin, Irina A. Tyurina, Yana I. Lebed-Sharlevich","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2023-103-2-113-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2023-103-2-113-119","url":null,"abstract":"The article contains an overview of regulatory standing orders devoted to the issues of methodological approaches to assessment and certification systems of reagents, materials, and technologies used in water treatment in Russia and abroad. When conducting a literature search, the following databases were used: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Global Health, RSCI, as well as a search method based on keywords and citations. \u0000Reagents and materials used in water treatment must neither impair the organoleptic properties of water, support the growth of microorganisms, nor have a cytotoxic or mutagenic effect. Their safety assessment includes studies of impurities, chemical and physical properties, maximum doses, behaviour in water, transformation in different environments, migration, and cumulative effects. Reagents, equipment, and materials in many countries are subject to certification by various organizations and specialized laboratories. There are established procedures for their control, including procurement, inspection, handling, storage, and maintenance to ensure quality. At the same time, there is a number of differences: various criteria and standards are used to assess these parameters (from 0.1 MPC to MPC in the hood), and unlike methods. The research methodology, experimental conditions and methods for assessing the results obtained also differ significantly, which can lead to differences in the final results concluding permission and not permission for use in drinking water supply. Standardization of methods and criteria will provide an integrated and comprehensive approach to the selection of reagents and materials in contact with drinking water, eliminate existing contradictions, and help to unite the efforts of many organizations to create an optimal standardization option.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"7 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-147-151
Yulia A. Revazova, Valentina V. Zhukova, N. A. Ilyushina
There are presented and discussed documents regulating the ethical component of working with experimental animals and humans when examining public health, including documents regulating the use of genomic samples in clinical trials of drugs and the study of other factors in the human environment.
{"title":"Bioethics and toxicological-hygienic research","authors":"Yulia A. Revazova, Valentina V. Zhukova, N. A. Ilyushina","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-147-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-147-151","url":null,"abstract":"There are presented and discussed documents regulating the ethical component of working with experimental animals and humans when examining public health, including documents regulating the use of genomic samples in clinical trials of drugs and the study of other factors in the human environment.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-130-135
A.V. Novikova, Alexandra S. Perevezentseva, V. A. Shirokov
Introduction. The presence of psychosocial risks at work is associated with problems of psycho-emotional and somatic health of workers. Currently in the Russian Federation, there are no validated tools for assessing and managing psychosocial risk that meet international standards. The purpose of the study. linguistic and cultural adaptation of the Russian version of the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire COPSOQ III, including testing of employees in various occupational fields. Materials and methods. In accordance with international standards and rules of the COPSOQ International Network, there was carried out a procedure for linguistic and cultural adaptation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire which included several stages: direct translation of all questions (146 items) of COPSOQ III from English into Russian; the formation of two independent direct translation options, on the basis of which the experts of the national group formed a preliminary Russian version of COPSOQ III; reverse translation of the preliminary version and harmonization of translations; discussion and formation of national versions of COPSOQ III (short, medium and long); creation of a test medium (standard) version of COPSOQ in Russian; surveying and interviewing employees of institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing for COPSOQ testing; approval of the final version of COPSOQ III in Russian. Results. In the process of linguistic and cultural adaptation, there was formed the final version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire in Russian, equivalent to the original and corresponding to the ethnolinguistic features of the population. As part of the creation of the Russian-language version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire, it was tested by two hundred ninety employees of institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing in the Moscow region. Based on the results of a survey and interviews with employees, acceptable indicators of external validity and usability of the Russian version of the tool were established. Limitations. The occupational groups studied are limited to voluntary research participants, the range of problems studied is limited to the questions of the questionnaire, quantitative and qualitative parameters: 290 respondents, departmental affiliation and features of corporate culture: employees of institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, sociocultural features: subjective perception of the questions and respondents’ doubts about the anonymity and confidentiality of the study. Conclusion. In accordance with international rules and standards, in the process of linguistic and cultural adaptation, a Russian version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire has been developed. To use the Russian version of COPSOQ III in domestic practice and scientific research, it is necessa
引言工作中存在的社会心理风险与工人的心理情感和躯体健康问题有关。目前，俄罗斯联邦还没有符合国际标准的有效工具来评估和管理社会心理风险。本研究的目的是对俄文版哥本哈根社会心理问卷 COPSOQ III 进行语言和文化调整，包括对不同职业领域的雇员进行测试。材料和方法。根据 COPSOQ 国际网络的国际标准和规则，对哥本哈根社会心理问卷进行了语言和文化调整，包括以下几个阶段：将 COPSOQ III 的所有问题（146 个项目）从英语直接翻译成俄语；形成两个独立的直 译方案，在此基础上，国家小组的专家们形成了 COPSOQ III 的俄语初版；对初版进行反 译并统一译文；讨论并形成 COPSOQ III 的国家版本（短、中、长）；创建 COPSOQ III 的俄语测试媒介 （标准）版本；为 COPSOQ 测试对联邦消费者权利和人类福祉保护监督局各机构的员工进 行调查和访谈；批准 COPSOQ III 的俄语最终版本。结果。在语言和文化调整过程中，形成了俄语 COPSOQ III 问卷的最终版本，该版本等同于原始版本并符合人口的民族语言特征。在编制俄文版 COPSOQ III 问卷的过程中，莫斯科地区消费者权益保护和人类福祉联邦监督局下属机构的 290 名员工对该问卷进行了测试。根据调查结果和与员工的访谈，确定了俄文版工具的外部有效性和可用性的可接受指标。局限性。所研究的职业群体仅限于自愿参与研究者，所研究的问题范围仅限于调查问卷的问题，定量和 定性参数：290 名受访者，部门隶属关系和企业文化特征：联邦消费者权益保护和人类福祉监督局各 机构的雇员，社会文化特征：对问题的主观看法以及受访者对研究的匿名性和保密性的疑虑。结论。根据国际规则和标准，在语言和文化适应过程中，编制了俄文版 COPSOQ III 问卷。为了在国内实践和科学研究中使用俄文版 COPSOQ III，有必要对其心理测量特性、客观性、可靠性和特异性进行评估，作为验证程序的一部分。
{"title":"Development of the Russian version of the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire COPSOQ III and its adaptation in various occupational groups","authors":"A.V. Novikova, Alexandra S. Perevezentseva, V. A. Shirokov","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-130-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-130-135","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The presence of psychosocial risks at work is associated with problems of psycho-emotional and somatic health of workers. Currently in the Russian Federation, there are no validated tools for assessing and managing psychosocial risk that meet international standards. \u0000The purpose of the study. linguistic and cultural adaptation of the Russian version of the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire COPSOQ III, including testing of employees in various occupational fields. \u0000Materials and methods. In accordance with international standards and rules of the COPSOQ International Network, there was carried out a procedure for linguistic and cultural adaptation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire which included several stages: direct translation of all questions (146 items) of COPSOQ III from English into Russian; the formation of two independent direct translation options, on the basis of which the experts of the national group formed a preliminary Russian version of COPSOQ III; reverse translation of the preliminary version and harmonization of translations; discussion and formation of national versions of COPSOQ III (short, medium and long); creation of a test medium (standard) version of COPSOQ in Russian; surveying and interviewing employees of institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing for COPSOQ testing; approval of the final version of COPSOQ III in Russian. \u0000Results. In the process of linguistic and cultural adaptation, there was formed the final version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire in Russian, equivalent to the original and corresponding to the ethnolinguistic features of the population. As part of the creation of the Russian-language version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire, it was tested by two hundred ninety employees of institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing in the Moscow region. Based on the results of a survey and interviews with employees, acceptable indicators of external validity and usability of the Russian version of the tool were established. \u0000Limitations. The occupational groups studied are limited to voluntary research participants, the range of problems studied is limited to the questions of the questionnaire, quantitative and qualitative parameters: 290 respondents, departmental affiliation and features of corporate culture: employees of institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, sociocultural features: subjective perception of the questions and respondents’ doubts about the anonymity and confidentiality of the study. \u0000Conclusion. In accordance with international rules and standards, in the process of linguistic and cultural adaptation, a Russian version of the COPSOQ III questionnaire has been developed. To use the Russian version of COPSOQ III in domestic practice and scientific research, it is necessa","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"46 198","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-96-103
Sergey V. Kuzmin, Olga A. Budarina, Yuriy A. Rakhmanin, Migmar A. Pinigin, N. S. Dodina, Svetlana V. Skovronskaya
Introduction. The presence of a specific odour in the ambient air in the areas where various enterprises are located with formal compliance with environmental legislation indicates the need to update the methodology of hygienic standardization of odourous substances. The purpose of the work is to analyze modern methods of the establishment of standards for odourous complex multicomponent mixtures of substances in the atmospheric air and substantiate ways to harmonize them in this field of knowledge. Materials and methods. The paper systematizes existing approaches to regulating the quality of atmospheric air in areas where odourous emissions sources are located, taking into account certain provisions of regulatory and methodological documents, publications on approaches, and criteria for quantitative sanitary and hygienic assessment of the quality of the environment and public health, as well as the authors’ long-term experience in this field. Results. The basic principles of hygienic standardization of the permissible content of odorous mixtures of substances in the atmospheric air taking into account their odour are formulated. The substantiation of hygienic standards is carried out with the allocation of substances identified as priority (indicator), based on the results of studying the production technology and the formation of emissions, olfactory properties of the mixture under experimental conditions, with the possibility of monitoring the established standard in atmospheric air by certified instrumental methods of analysis. Limitations. The limitations of the study are due to the fact that this article does not fully reflect the issues of the development of the entire atmospheric air quality management system taking into account the risk of odour outside the focus of this work, which will be covered in the preparation of the following articles. Conclusion. The ongoing process of harmonization of domestic and foreign approaches used in hygienic standardization including the field of regulation of atmospheric air pollution by specific odours makes it necessary to significantly expand approaches to the issues of rationing and assessment of environmental pollution by complex multicomponent emissions of odour-source enterprises taking into account modern experience.
{"title":"Prospects of the development and harmonization of hygienic standardization taking into account the risk of odour in the ambient air","authors":"Sergey V. Kuzmin, Olga A. Budarina, Yuriy A. Rakhmanin, Migmar A. Pinigin, N. S. Dodina, Svetlana V. Skovronskaya","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-96-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-96-103","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The presence of a specific odour in the ambient air in the areas where various enterprises are located with formal compliance with environmental legislation indicates the need to update the methodology of hygienic standardization of odourous substances. \u0000The purpose of the work is to analyze modern methods of the establishment of standards for odourous complex multicomponent mixtures of substances in the atmospheric air and substantiate ways to harmonize them in this field of knowledge. \u0000Materials and methods. The paper systematizes existing approaches to regulating the quality of atmospheric air in areas where odourous emissions sources are located, taking into account certain provisions of regulatory and methodological documents, publications on approaches, and criteria for quantitative sanitary and hygienic assessment of the quality of the environment and public health, as well as the authors’ long-term experience in this field. \u0000Results. The basic principles of hygienic standardization of the permissible content of odorous mixtures of substances in the atmospheric air taking into account their odour are formulated. The substantiation of hygienic standards is carried out with the allocation of substances identified as priority (indicator), based on the results of studying the production technology and the formation of emissions, olfactory properties of the mixture under experimental conditions, with the possibility of monitoring the established standard in atmospheric air by certified instrumental methods of analysis. \u0000Limitations. The limitations of the study are due to the fact that this article does not fully reflect the issues of the development of the entire atmospheric air quality management system taking into account the risk of odour outside the focus of this work, which will be covered in the preparation of the following articles. \u0000Conclusion. The ongoing process of harmonization of domestic and foreign approaches used in hygienic standardization including the field of regulation of atmospheric air pollution by specific odours makes it necessary to significantly expand approaches to the issues of rationing and assessment of environmental pollution by complex multicomponent emissions of odour-source enterprises taking into account modern experience.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"66 S5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-104-112
E. Kirpichenkova, Ilya Z. Dzhikiya, D. V. Kolodina, G. G. Onishchenko
Introduction. Drinking water supplied to the population must be safe in epidemic terms. However, some viruses and parasites are resistant to the disinfecting effect of traditionally used agents for water treatment. The use of UV irradiation ensures the microbiological safety of water, but there are factors affecting its effectiveness. The purpose of the review was to systematize scientific data on the effectiveness of the use of UV irradiation in relation to drinking water. Materials and methods. The search for scientific publications was carried out using literature databases MedLine/PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. The total number of publications was one thousand six hundred forty-six. The criteria for including the report in the systematic review were: publications in Russian or English with an available full-text version; samples for the study are water from centralized water supply systems or specially prepared microorganisms; any type of research evaluating the effectiveness of a wide range of doses of UV irradiation against microorganisms. Results of the analysis of publications. A systematic review included 17 reports about the effect of UV irradiation on bacteria and viruses. The subject of several studies was the resistance of protozoan cysts and helminth eggs to different doses of UV irradiation. According to the results presented in the publication, pathogenic viruses and bacteria, giardia cysts possess of the least resistance to UV irradiation (100% inactivation). 4 log-inactivation was established for Mycobacteia. E. coli and coliphages demonstrate a wide range of indicators of the resistance to ultraviolet radiation due to the diversity of the studied strains. Conclusion. UV disinfection should be used as an additional method in combination with traditional reagents methods of water treatment. It is necessary to study the effect of UV irradiation on helminth eggs and protozoan cysts.
{"title":"Hygienic efficiency of ultraviolet disinfection of water in centralized drinking and household water supply systems (systematic review)","authors":"E. Kirpichenkova, Ilya Z. Dzhikiya, D. V. Kolodina, G. G. Onishchenko","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-104-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-2-104-112","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Drinking water supplied to the population must be safe in epidemic terms. However, some viruses and parasites are resistant to the disinfecting effect of traditionally used agents for water treatment. The use of UV irradiation ensures the microbiological safety of water, but there are factors affecting its effectiveness. \u0000The purpose of the review was to systematize scientific data on the effectiveness of the use of UV irradiation in relation to drinking water. \u0000Materials and methods. The search for scientific publications was carried out using literature databases MedLine/PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. The total number of publications was one thousand six hundred forty-six. The criteria for including the report in the systematic review were: publications in Russian or English with an available full-text version; samples for the study are water from centralized water supply systems or specially prepared microorganisms; any type of research evaluating the effectiveness of a wide range of doses of UV irradiation against microorganisms. \u0000Results of the analysis of publications. A systematic review included 17 reports about the effect of UV irradiation on bacteria and viruses. The subject of several studies was the resistance of protozoan cysts and helminth eggs to different doses of UV irradiation. According to the results presented in the publication, pathogenic viruses and bacteria, giardia cysts possess of the least resistance to UV irradiation (100% inactivation). 4 log-inactivation was established for Mycobacteia. E. coli and coliphages demonstrate a wide range of indicators of the resistance to ultraviolet radiation due to the diversity of the studied strains. \u0000Conclusion. UV disinfection should be used as an additional method in combination with traditional reagents methods of water treatment. It is necessary to study the effect of UV irradiation on helminth eggs and protozoan cysts.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1348-1353
TV Mazhaeva, SE Dubenko
Introduction. Nutrition is one of the important preventive measures aimed at enhancing body resistance to adverse effects of environmental factors. Nutrition modelling taking into account its basic quality and environmental exposures is of particular importance for effective management of risks for the disease. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of the diets specially developed for children with allergies environmentally exposed to industrial pollutants. Materials and methods. We examined cytomorphological features, nutritional status, general health status, and skin manifestations in eighty 3 to 6-year children suffering from allergies and sensitized to food products. Results. A hypoallergenic elimination and detoxification diet specially developed with account for food intolerance, immune status, protein, energy and micronutrient sufficiency, genomic status, mental and physical health of the preschoolers with allergies led to a 1.5-fold decrease in the number of underweight children and a threefold average drop in blood levels of lead, aluminum, arsenic, copper, and cadmium. The mean number of children with clinical manifestations of food intolerance demonstrated the 1.6-fold decline, the level of sIgA increased, while cytogenetic abnormalities in buccal epithelium decreased by 2.1 times. Limitations. A limitation of the study was the lack of compliance of parents with recommendations for nutritional support. Conclusions. The applied method of modelling the diet using dietary techniques based on basic nutrition data, toxic exposures, genetics, anthropometric, clinical, and immunological indicators has had a beneficial effect on all assessed health parameters in children with allergies living in a large industrial city.
{"title":"Evaluation of effectiveness of the diets developed for children with allergical pathology living in conditions of adverse environmental exposures","authors":"TV Mazhaeva, SE Dubenko","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1348-1353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1348-1353","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Nutrition is one of the important preventive measures aimed at enhancing body resistance to adverse effects of environmental factors. Nutrition modelling taking into account its basic quality and environmental exposures is of particular importance for effective management of risks for the disease. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of the diets specially developed for children with allergies environmentally exposed to industrial pollutants. Materials and methods. We examined cytomorphological features, nutritional status, general health status, and skin manifestations in eighty 3 to 6-year children suffering from allergies and sensitized to food products. Results. A hypoallergenic elimination and detoxification diet specially developed with account for food intolerance, immune status, protein, energy and micronutrient sufficiency, genomic status, mental and physical health of the preschoolers with allergies led to a 1.5-fold decrease in the number of underweight children and a threefold average drop in blood levels of lead, aluminum, arsenic, copper, and cadmium. The mean number of children with clinical manifestations of food intolerance demonstrated the 1.6-fold decline, the level of sIgA increased, while cytogenetic abnormalities in buccal epithelium decreased by 2.1 times. Limitations. A limitation of the study was the lack of compliance of parents with recommendations for nutritional support. Conclusions. The applied method of modelling the diet using dietary techniques based on basic nutrition data, toxic exposures, genetics, anthropometric, clinical, and immunological indicators has had a beneficial effect on all assessed health parameters in children with allergies living in a large industrial city.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1367-1374
I. May, Svetlana S. Kleyn, Ekaterina V. Maksimova
Introduction. The study is relevant due to the necessity to adequately assess the effectiveness of activities performed within the “Clean Air” Federal Project using ambient air quality and public health risks as key performance indicators. The purpose of the work was to comparatively assess ambient air quality and airborne health risks for Bratsk population over 2020 –2022 when activities planned within the “Clean Air” Federal Project were being implemented in the city. Materials and methods. The analysis was based on data obtained by instrumental measurements of ambient air quality performed within social-hygienic monitoring programs. More than thirty thousand measuring results were considered; they covered 20 chemicals and were taken at two monitoring posts. Carcinogenic and acute and chronic non-carcinogenic health risks were assessed in conformity with the existing regulatory documents. Results. Between 2020 and 2022, a decrease in ground levels of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and some other technogenic chemicals was registered at social-hygienic monitoring posts in Bratsk. These chemicals were subject to specific activities stipulated by the “Clean Air” Federal Project and performed by economic entities. However, public health risks remained impermissible. Thus, an acute risk of respiratory diseases equaled 3.24 during 2022 and a chronic risk of respiratory diseases reached 5.43 in the same year whereas their permissible level should not exceed 3.0. Limitations. Analysis is possible only if there is a sufficient number of instrumental studies at points located in residential buildings to assess the risk (least 300 one-time or 75 daily samples for each impurity). Conclusion. The study results indicate still necessary to take further efforts to provide a safer environment for Bratsk population and to continue monitoring of chemicals that create impermissible health risks. The most important task is to manage systemic operative data exchange between systems for environmental and social-hygienic monitoring to provide adequate assessment of a sanitary-hygienic situation as well as objective evaluation of key performance indicators of the “Clean Air” Federal Project
{"title":"Effectiveness of the activities of the federal project “Clean air” by the quality of atmospheric air and risk for the health (by means of the example of the city Bratsk)","authors":"I. May, Svetlana S. Kleyn, Ekaterina V. Maksimova","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1367-1374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1367-1374","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The study is relevant due to the necessity to adequately assess the effectiveness of activities performed within the “Clean Air” Federal Project using ambient air quality and public health risks as key performance indicators. The purpose of the work was to comparatively assess ambient air quality and airborne health risks for Bratsk population over 2020 –2022 when activities planned within the “Clean Air” Federal Project were being implemented in the city. Materials and methods. The analysis was based on data obtained by instrumental measurements of ambient air quality performed within social-hygienic monitoring programs. More than thirty thousand measuring results were considered; they covered 20 chemicals and were taken at two monitoring posts. Carcinogenic and acute and chronic non-carcinogenic health risks were assessed in conformity with the existing regulatory documents. Results. Between 2020 and 2022, a decrease in ground levels of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and some other technogenic chemicals was registered at social-hygienic monitoring posts in Bratsk. These chemicals were subject to specific activities stipulated by the “Clean Air” Federal Project and performed by economic entities. However, public health risks remained impermissible. Thus, an acute risk of respiratory diseases equaled 3.24 during 2022 and a chronic risk of respiratory diseases reached 5.43 in the same year whereas their permissible level should not exceed 3.0. Limitations. Analysis is possible only if there is a sufficient number of instrumental studies at points located in residential buildings to assess the risk (least 300 one-time or 75 daily samples for each impurity). Conclusion. The study results indicate still necessary to take further efforts to provide a safer environment for Bratsk population and to continue monitoring of chemicals that create impermissible health risks. The most important task is to manage systemic operative data exchange between systems for environmental and social-hygienic monitoring to provide adequate assessment of a sanitary-hygienic situation as well as objective evaluation of key performance indicators of the “Clean Air” Federal Project","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"303 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139152393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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