smutya12@yahoo.com Background.. Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is still a huge burden especially in distinct parts of the world where it has high prevalence and mortality. There are several prognostic factors in NPC, however additional marker is needed to give a better picture on disease outcome. Innate and adaptive immunity play a great role in disease progression; however, the role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the role of NLR status as a prognostic factor in NPC. Methods. Literature search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane, ProQuest, EBSCO and Science Direct following specific keywords. Duplicates were filtered out and remaining articles were screened based on the eligibility criteria before critical appraisal and measurement of level of evidence by The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) University of Oxford. Review for the best available evidence was done by two-independent reviewer. Result. : 130 records were retrieved and 6 final articles were selected for final appraisal. All studies were published after 2017 with sample sizes ranging from 140 to 5973 subjects. NLR cut-offs varied across studies (2.21-3.6) and the overall survival (OS) ranging from 51-82.5%. Moreover, 5-year disease specific survival (DSS) and progression free survival (PFS) for low and high NLR were 76-90.5% vs 53-82.1% and 68-86.2% vs 52-76.5%, respectively. Conclusion. NLR status can be used to predict OS in NPC patients. A careful approach should be taken in determining treatment options. Further research is needed to understand the role of NLR in combination with other biomarker to predict the survival of NPC patients.
{"title":"The Applicability of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting The Survival of Nasopharyngeal Cancer: An Evidence Based Case Report","authors":"V. F. Jayalie, N. F. Zhafirah, S. M. Sekarutami","doi":"10.32532/jori.v12i1.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/jori.v12i1.132","url":null,"abstract":"smutya12@yahoo.com Background.. Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is still a huge burden especially in distinct parts of the world where it has high prevalence and mortality. There are several prognostic factors in NPC, however additional marker is needed to give a better picture on disease outcome. Innate and adaptive immunity play a great role in disease progression; however, the role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the role of NLR status as a prognostic factor in NPC. Methods. Literature search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane, ProQuest, EBSCO and Science Direct following specific keywords. Duplicates were filtered out and remaining articles were screened based on the eligibility criteria before critical appraisal and measurement of level of evidence by The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) University of Oxford. Review for the best available evidence was done by two-independent reviewer. Result. : 130 records were retrieved and 6 final articles were selected for final appraisal. All studies were published after 2017 with sample sizes ranging from 140 to 5973 subjects. NLR cut-offs varied across studies (2.21-3.6) and the overall survival (OS) ranging from 51-82.5%. Moreover, 5-year disease specific survival (DSS) and progression free survival (PFS) for low and high NLR were 76-90.5% vs 53-82.1% and 68-86.2% vs 52-76.5%, respectively. Conclusion. NLR status can be used to predict OS in NPC patients. A careful approach should be taken in determining treatment options. Further research is needed to understand the role of NLR in combination with other biomarker to predict the survival of NPC patients.","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114069131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarkoma jaringan lunak / soft tissue sarcoma (STS) merupakan keganasan yang jarang terjadi. Manajemen STS telah berkembang dalam beberapa dekade terakhir menuju pengobatan modalitas gabungan seperti operasi dan radioterapi untuk memungkinkan menjaga struktur jaringan agar masih dapat berfungsi optimal. Radioterapi paska operasi telah terbukti meningkatkan kontrol lokal pada pasien dengan margin bedah positif. Metastasis paru pada sarkoma sering terjadi dengan profil prediktor seperti ukuran tumor yang besar (pada kasus ini > 10 cm), kedalaman, dan derajat tumor. Dalam laporan kasus ini, seorang wanita 73 tahun paska operasi eksisi luas akibat kekambuhan STS pada regio torso area flank dengan margin positif. Dalam kontrol lanjutan dua tahun paska radiasi terdapat kontrol lokal yang baik, tetapi didapatkan metastasis paru.
{"title":"Radiasi Adjuvan Paska Operasi pada Sarkoma Pleiomorfik Jaringan Lunak Regio Torso yang Mengalami kekambuhan: Sebuah laporan kasus dalam 2 tahun follow up","authors":"Nim. Dyah Ayu Hestining Wulandari, Aries Munandar","doi":"10.32532/jori.v10i2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/jori.v10i2.103","url":null,"abstract":"Sarkoma jaringan lunak / soft tissue sarcoma (STS) merupakan keganasan yang jarang terjadi. Manajemen STS telah berkembang dalam beberapa dekade terakhir menuju pengobatan modalitas gabungan seperti operasi dan radioterapi untuk memungkinkan menjaga struktur jaringan agar masih dapat berfungsi optimal. Radioterapi paska operasi telah terbukti meningkatkan kontrol lokal pada pasien dengan margin bedah positif. Metastasis paru pada sarkoma sering terjadi dengan profil prediktor seperti ukuran tumor yang besar (pada kasus ini > 10 cm), kedalaman, dan derajat tumor. Dalam laporan kasus ini, seorang wanita 73 tahun paska operasi eksisi luas akibat kekambuhan STS pada regio torso area flank dengan margin positif. Dalam kontrol lanjutan dua tahun paska radiasi terdapat kontrol lokal yang baik, tetapi didapatkan metastasis paru.","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"34 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114134163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan laporan pelayanan Instalasi Radioterapi di RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar pada tahun 2018. Penelitian retrospektif ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data pasien berupa usia, jenis kelamin, daerah asal pasien, jenis keganasan, apakah pasien sudah menjalani terapi radiasi, tujuan radioterapi yang diberikan dan jumlah lapangan radiasi yang diberikan. Data dikumpulkan dari status catatan khusus radioterapi pasien RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang yang datang berobat sepanjang tahun 2018. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 75,6% pasien wanita dan 24,4% pasien pria dengan total 799 pasien. Pasien berusia antara 11 – 85 tahun dengan median 51 tahun. Sebagian besar pasien berturut-turut berasal dari Malang, Pasuruan dan Tulungagung. Pasien yang berasal dari luar Jawa Timur paling banyak berasal dari Sulawesi Tengah. Kasus terbanyak adalah kanker payudara (38,4%), diikuti kanker serviks (25,5%) dan kanker nasofaring (11,5%). Sebanyak 40,6% pasien belum atau tidak menjalani terapi radiasi. Dari pasien yang menjalani terapi radiasi, sebanyak 64,8% bertujuan kuratif dan sisanya bertujuan paliatif. Kebanyakan pasien mendapatkan 2 lapangan radiasi. Sebagai kesimpulan, kapasitas pelayanan radioterapi RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar rendah dan harus melayani banyak pasien dari berbagai daerah, mengakibatkan waktu tunggu terapi radiasi yang panjang dan pasien harus menempuh jarak yang cukup jauh untuk mendapatkan terapi radiasi yang optimal.
{"title":"Laporan Tahunan Pelayanan Radioterapi di RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Tahun 2018","authors":"Alfred Julius Petrarizky, R. S. Nugroho","doi":"10.32532/jori.v10i2.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/jori.v10i2.102","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan laporan pelayanan Instalasi Radioterapi di RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar pada tahun 2018. Penelitian retrospektif ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data pasien berupa usia, jenis kelamin, daerah asal pasien, jenis keganasan, apakah pasien sudah menjalani terapi radiasi, tujuan radioterapi yang diberikan dan jumlah lapangan radiasi yang diberikan. Data dikumpulkan dari status catatan khusus radioterapi pasien RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang yang datang berobat sepanjang tahun 2018. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 75,6% pasien wanita dan 24,4% pasien pria dengan total 799 pasien. Pasien berusia antara 11 – 85 tahun dengan median 51 tahun. Sebagian besar pasien berturut-turut berasal dari Malang, Pasuruan dan Tulungagung. Pasien yang berasal dari luar Jawa Timur paling banyak berasal dari Sulawesi Tengah. Kasus terbanyak adalah kanker payudara (38,4%), diikuti kanker serviks (25,5%) dan kanker nasofaring (11,5%). Sebanyak 40,6% pasien belum atau tidak menjalani terapi radiasi. Dari pasien yang menjalani terapi radiasi, sebanyak 64,8% bertujuan kuratif dan sisanya bertujuan paliatif. Kebanyakan pasien mendapatkan 2 lapangan radiasi. Sebagai kesimpulan, kapasitas pelayanan radioterapi RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar rendah dan harus melayani banyak pasien dari berbagai daerah, mengakibatkan waktu tunggu terapi radiasi yang panjang dan pasien harus menempuh jarak yang cukup jauh untuk mendapatkan terapi radiasi yang optimal.","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129929544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanoma maligna vagina adalah salah satu melanoma mukosa ganas yang sangat jarang, bersifat agresif dan memberikan prognosis yang buruk dengan angka kesintasan 5 tahun yang rendah. Hingga saat ini belum ada pedoman yang jelas mengenai tatalaksana penyakit ini. Penanganan multidisplin berupa pembedahan, kemoterapi, radiasi hingga immunoterapi, masih belum memberikan hasil yang baik. Meskipun sifatnya dikenal sebagai tumor yang radioresisten, beberapa bukti memperlihatkan bahwa radioterapi ajuvan pasca operasi dapat meningkatkan kontrol lokal tumor. Kami melaporkan kasus melanoma maligna vagina yang mendapat radiasi definitif tanpa pembedahan
{"title":"Melanoma Maligna Vagina: Laporan Kasus dan Tinjauan Literatur","authors":"Yoseph Adi Kristian, Nana Supriana","doi":"10.32532/jori.v10i2.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/jori.v10i2.100","url":null,"abstract":"Melanoma maligna vagina adalah salah satu melanoma mukosa ganas yang sangat jarang, bersifat agresif dan memberikan prognosis yang buruk dengan angka kesintasan 5 tahun yang rendah. Hingga saat ini belum ada pedoman yang jelas mengenai tatalaksana penyakit ini. Penanganan multidisplin berupa pembedahan, kemoterapi, radiasi hingga immunoterapi, masih belum memberikan hasil yang baik. Meskipun sifatnya dikenal sebagai tumor yang radioresisten, beberapa bukti memperlihatkan bahwa radioterapi ajuvan pasca operasi dapat meningkatkan kontrol lokal tumor. Kami melaporkan kasus melanoma maligna vagina yang mendapat radiasi definitif tanpa pembedahan","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114251916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Gondhowiardjo, Febryono Basuki Raharjo, Elian Hudiya, S. M. Sekarutami, N. Christina, Steven Octavianus, R. K. Priharto, -. Widyastuti
gondhow@gmail.com There has been an effort of cancer registry in Cancer Control Program, especially Hospital-based, but it would not be useful if the data and procedure was not standardized. This study was a cross-sectional study with cancer data collected from every health facility in South Jakarta from 2017, April to May. Inclusion criteria was every patient that resided in South Jakarta from 2008, January 1 to 2012, December 31 with no exclusion criteria. Five most common cancers for male are hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems, nasopharynx, lung, lymph nodes, and liver cancer, respectively. Five most common cancers in female are breast, cervix uteri, ovarium, hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems, thyroid gland cancer, respectively. Cancer patients were comprised by female a lot more than male with 1.86:1 frequency comparison. Compared to data from Malaysia and Singapore in the same period of time, there were some differences in cancer profile between the countries. Based on the data reviewed, the quality was not perfect, one of the examples is shortcoming of SriKandi form which was used to input the data, especially occupation data. This can be a refinement point for future research and registry of cancer in Indonesia.
{"title":"Cancer Profile in South Jakarta: A 5-year descriptive study","authors":"S. Gondhowiardjo, Febryono Basuki Raharjo, Elian Hudiya, S. M. Sekarutami, N. Christina, Steven Octavianus, R. K. Priharto, -. Widyastuti","doi":"10.32532/jori.v9i2.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/jori.v9i2.93","url":null,"abstract":"gondhow@gmail.com There has been an effort of cancer registry in Cancer Control Program, especially Hospital-based, but it would not be useful if the data and procedure was not standardized. This study was a cross-sectional study with cancer data collected from every health facility in South Jakarta from 2017, April to May. Inclusion criteria was every patient that resided in South Jakarta from 2008, January 1 to 2012, December 31 with no exclusion criteria. Five most common cancers for male are hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems, nasopharynx, lung, lymph nodes, and liver cancer, respectively. Five most common cancers in female are breast, cervix uteri, ovarium, hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems, thyroid gland cancer, respectively. Cancer patients were comprised by female a lot more than male with 1.86:1 frequency comparison. Compared to data from Malaysia and Singapore in the same period of time, there were some differences in cancer profile between the countries. Based on the data reviewed, the quality was not perfect, one of the examples is shortcoming of SriKandi form which was used to input the data, especially occupation data. This can be a refinement point for future research and registry of cancer in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130250927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rectal cancer is the third most common types cancer in the world and rank second as a cause of cancer related deaths in 2018. Surgical is the main modality in treatment of rectal cancer, however preoperative radiotherapy significantly reduces local recurrence risk after surgery. At present there are two different schedules of preoperative radiotherapy, short-course preoperative radiotherapy (25 Gy at 5 fractions) followed by immediate surgery and long-course chemoradiotherapy (45-50 Gy at 25-28 fractions) followed by delayed surgery. Although the purpose and local control rate of both schedules is the same, it is indicated in different conditions.
{"title":"Preoperative Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer","authors":"I. Ramli, Sudibio, F. Anugrah","doi":"10.32532/jori.v10i1.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/jori.v10i1.97","url":null,"abstract":"Rectal cancer is the third most common types cancer in the world and rank second as a cause of cancer related deaths in 2018. Surgical is the main modality in treatment of rectal cancer, however preoperative radiotherapy significantly reduces local recurrence risk after surgery. At present there are two different schedules of preoperative radiotherapy, short-course preoperative radiotherapy (25 Gy at 5 fractions) followed by immediate surgery and long-course chemoradiotherapy (45-50 Gy at 25-28 fractions) followed by delayed surgery. Although the purpose and local control rate of both schedules is the same, it is indicated in different conditions.","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131006420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) adalah keganasan yang berasal dari sel epitel nasofaring. Laju insidens paling tinggi ada di Asia Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia.Perkembangan terapi radiasi menjadi revolusi tatalaksana KNF.Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, akumulasi pengetahuan mengenai radiobiologi dan penentuan volume target, serta modalitas radiodiagnostik yang semakin maju memungkinkan revolusi teknik radiasi KNF.Peningkatan signifikan sintasan dan pengurangan toksisitas yang fatal pada terapi radiasi pasien KNF dapat dicapai setelah revolusi teknik radiasi dari era 2DRT, 3DCRT, hingga IMRT.
{"title":"Revolusi Teknik Radioterapi pada Karsinoma Nasofaring","authors":"Aurika Sinambela, Nana Supriana","doi":"10.32532/JORI.V9I1.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/JORI.V9I1.71","url":null,"abstract":"Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) adalah keganasan yang berasal dari sel epitel nasofaring. Laju insidens paling tinggi ada di Asia Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia.Perkembangan terapi radiasi menjadi revolusi tatalaksana KNF.Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, akumulasi pengetahuan mengenai radiobiologi dan penentuan volume target, serta modalitas radiodiagnostik yang semakin maju memungkinkan revolusi teknik radiasi KNF.Peningkatan signifikan sintasan dan pengurangan toksisitas yang fatal pada terapi radiasi pasien KNF dapat dicapai setelah revolusi teknik radiasi dari era 2DRT, 3DCRT, hingga IMRT.","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121607181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarkoma uterus merupakan keganasan uterus yang langka. Secara umum tumor ini dianggap memiliki karakter yang agresif dan sering dikaitkan dengan prognosis yang buruk. Walaupun penggunaan radioterapi masih diperdebatkan, terdapat penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa radioterapi adjuvan dapat memperbaiki local-regional failure free survival (LRFFS) 5 tahun dari 55.3% menjadi 70.8% serta secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan survival rate.
{"title":"Radioterapi pada Sarkoma Uterus","authors":"Yoseph Adi Kristian, S. M. Sekarutami","doi":"10.32532/JORI.V9I1.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/JORI.V9I1.72","url":null,"abstract":"Sarkoma uterus merupakan keganasan uterus yang langka. Secara umum tumor ini dianggap memiliki karakter yang agresif dan sering dikaitkan dengan prognosis yang buruk. Walaupun penggunaan radioterapi masih diperdebatkan, terdapat penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa radioterapi adjuvan dapat memperbaiki local-regional failure free survival (LRFFS) 5 tahun dari 55.3% menjadi 70.8% serta secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan survival rate. ","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114103907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma merupakan tumor jinak kepala leher langka pada remaja laki-laki namun mempunyai risiko invasi yang tinggi karena sifatnya yang agresif dan merusak tulang - tulang tengkorak. Pembedahan masih merupakan terapi utama untuk kasus ini. Terapi lain yang dapat diberikan meliputi tatalaksana hormonal, embolisasi dan radiasi. Radiasi memiliki peran pada kasus Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma lanjut di mana tidak dapat dilakukan operasi atau operasi yang dilakukan tidak dapat mengangkat tumor secara keseluruhan.
{"title":"Angiofibroma Nasofaring Juvenil","authors":"H. K. Ginting, Nana Supriana","doi":"10.32532/JORI.V9I1.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32532/JORI.V9I1.73","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma merupakan tumor jinak kepala leher langka pada remaja laki-laki namun mempunyai risiko invasi yang tinggi karena sifatnya yang agresif dan merusak tulang - tulang tengkorak. Pembedahan masih merupakan terapi utama untuk kasus ini. Terapi lain yang dapat diberikan meliputi tatalaksana hormonal, embolisasi dan radiasi. Radiasi memiliki peran pada kasus Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma lanjut di mana tidak dapat dilakukan operasi atau operasi yang dilakukan tidak dapat mengangkat tumor secara keseluruhan.","PeriodicalId":130312,"journal":{"name":"Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134541531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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