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A Life Course Approach to Understanding Volunteering Practices Among Ethnic-Racial Minority Immigrants on the US-Mexico Border 了解美墨边境少数民族移民志愿服务实践的生命历程方法
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211035619
Y. Paat
Drawing insights from the life course perspective, this study examined individual and contextual factors that shaped volunteering practices among ethnic-racial minority immigrants across their life course. Using purposive sampling, 40 ethnic-racial minority immigrants at various stages of adulthood (18–65 years old) were recruited from a southwestern U.S. state on the US-Mexico border in 2018 to participate in an in-depth interview to better understand how their personal experiences, ecologies, and life histories influenced their volunteering practices. Grounded Theory Method was used to analyze the data. Overall, the participants’ volunteering propensities were influenced by (1) significant life events that served as turning points that motivated their desire to help, (2) linked lives in connection with their personal and professional life domains, (3) human capital and agency that served as their resources in volunteering and access to volunteering opportunities, and (4) the context that made volunteering conducive.
本研究从生命历程的角度考察了影响少数族裔移民整个生命历程中志愿服务行为的个人因素和环境因素。采用有目的抽样,2018年从美墨边境的美国西南部一个州招募了40名处于成年不同阶段(18-65岁)的少数民族移民,进行了深入访谈,以更好地了解他们的个人经历、生态和生活史如何影响他们的志愿活动。采用扎根理论方法对数据进行分析。总体而言,参与者的志愿服务倾向受到以下因素的影响:(1)作为转折点的重大生活事件激发了他们的帮助欲望;(2)将生活与他们的个人和职业生活领域联系起来;(3)作为他们志愿服务资源和获得志愿服务机会的人力资本和机构;(4)使志愿服务有益的环境。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of COVID-19 on Latinos: A Social Determinants of Health Model and Scoping Review of the Literature COVID-19对拉丁美洲人的影响:健康模型的社会决定因素和文献范围综述
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211041214
V. N. Salgado de Snyder, Marisol McDaniel, A. Padilla, D. Parra-Medina
The purpose of this scoping review of the literature was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the living conditions of Latinos (Hispanics) in the U.S. from a social determinants of health perspective. We developed a conceptual model based on the social determinants of health framework to guide the search, extraction, analysis, and interpretation of the bibliographic material. A systematic review of peer reviewed literature published in 2020 in scientific journals in the social, health, and behavioral sciences was conducted. A total of 37 articles met the selection criteria, 12 were original investigations with primary data collection, and 25 were studies reporting results of secondary data analysis using public or private databases. The representation of Latinos in the study samples ranged from 5% to 40%. The results of our review are compelling in terms of the overrepresentation of Latinos in SARSCoV-2 positivity and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates. The risk factors identified include working in a job considered essential, living in a geographic area with a high population density of Latinos and blacks, overcrowded living conditions in the household, limited English proficiency, and being unable to systematically carry out preventive behaviors known to be effective for infection avoidance. Existing national surveys and registries suffer from assumptions and omissions regarding variables relevant to Latinos. New studies must be guided by inquiries on the usual social determinants of health, but also those relevant for Latinos, such as national group, generational status, and language, among others.
本文献范围综述的目的是从健康的社会决定因素角度分析新冠肺炎大流行对美国拉丁裔(拉美裔)生活条件的影响。我们开发了一个基于健康社会决定因素框架的概念模型,以指导书目材料的搜索、提取、分析和解释。对2020年发表在社会、健康和行为科学科学科学期刊上的同行评审文献进行了系统综述。共有37篇文章符合筛选标准,12篇为原始调查,主要数据收集,25篇为报告使用公共或私人数据库进行二次数据分析结果的研究。研究样本中拉丁裔的比例在5%到40%之间。就拉丁美洲人在SARSCoV-2阳性率和新冠肺炎发病率和死亡率方面的过度代表性而言,我们的审查结果令人信服。确定的风险因素包括从事被认为是必不可少的工作,生活在拉丁裔和黑人人口密度高的地理区域,家庭生活条件过于拥挤,英语水平有限,以及无法系统地进行已知有效避免感染的预防行为。现有的国家调查和登记在与拉丁裔相关的变量方面存在假设和遗漏。新的研究必须以对健康的常见社会决定因素的调查为指导,也要以与拉丁裔相关的因素为指导,如民族、代际地位和语言等。
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引用次数: 8
The Effect of Child Gender, Parent School Involvement, and Parent Language Use on School Functioning Among Trauma-Exposed Latinx Youth 儿童性别、父母学校参与和父母语言使用对创伤暴露的拉丁裔青年学校功能的影响
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211041458
Grace S. Woodard, Stephanie K. Brewer, A. Fuller, Jaclyn Lennon Papadakis, Catherine DeCarlo Santiago
High rates of trauma exposure can impede school functioning, which is predictive of many negative long-term outcomes. This study examined school functioning in Latinx children with clinically elevated levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms. We found that child gender, parent language use, and parent school involvement were associated with school functioning in complex ways. Interactive effects revealed that the association between parent school involvement and child school functioning depended on parent language use. Greater parent school involvement was linked with better school functioning when parents spoke more English, but parent school involvement did not improve school functioning when parents spoke more Spanish, which may reflect Spanish-speaking parents’ challenges engaging with schools. These findings have important implications for improving academic outcomes for trauma-exposed Latinx youth.
创伤暴露率高会阻碍学校的运作,这预示着许多负面的长期结果。这项研究调查了临床上创伤后应激症状水平升高的拉丁裔儿童的学校功能。我们发现,儿童性别、家长语言使用和家长学校参与与学校运作有着复杂的关系。互动效应表明,父母对学校的参与与孩子在学校的运作之间的联系取决于父母的语言使用。当家长说更多的英语时,家长与学校的参与程度越高,学校的运作就越好,但当家长讲更多的西班牙语时,家长和学校的参与并没有改善学校的运作,这可能反映了说西班牙语的家长在与学校打交道时面临的挑战。这些发现对改善遭受创伤的拉丁裔青年的学业成绩具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Optimism and the American Dream: Latino Perspectives on Opportunities and Challenges Toward Reaching Personal and Family Goals 乐观主义与美国梦:拉丁裔对实现个人和家庭目标的机遇和挑战的看法
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211036561
R. Cervantes, Elias Koutantos, Martha H. Cristo, Rosa M. Gonzalez-Guarda, Diego Fuentes, Nancy Gutierrez
Trends in positive psychology suggest optimism is an important trait related to happiness and well-being and that through the teaching of optimism, well-being can be enhanced (Sin & Lyubomirsky, 2009). The purpose of this study was to identify areas of optimism within the context of the American Dream among Hispanic/Latino/as and to understand factors that create barriers to having an optimistic outlook on achieving the American Dream. Data for this study came from research designed to identify sources of acculturation related stress among Hispanic/Latino/as. A sample (n = 93) of Hispanic/Latino/a adults were recruited for focus groups in California and Massachusetts. Results indicate that participants were optimistic in achieving their dreams, which included financial achievements, ownership, educational opportunities, and more. Some participants acknowledged that these expectations were unrealistic and were challenged by discrimination, limited skills, and lack of legal documentation status. Studies of psychological interventions that foster optimism among Hispanic/Latino/as are needed.
积极心理学的趋势表明,乐观是一种与幸福感和幸福感相关的重要特征,通过乐观主义的教学,幸福感可以得到增强(Sin&Lyubomirsky,2009)。本研究的目的是确定西班牙裔/拉丁裔美国人在美国梦背景下的乐观领域,并了解阻碍他们对实现美国梦持乐观态度的因素。这项研究的数据来自于旨在确定西班牙裔/拉丁裔/亚裔中与文化适应相关的压力来源的研究。样本(n = 93)西班牙裔/拉丁裔/a成年人被招募到加利福尼亚州和马萨诸塞州的重点小组中。结果表明,参与者对实现自己的梦想持乐观态度,其中包括经济成就、所有权、教育机会等。一些与会者承认,这些期望是不切实际的,并受到歧视、技能有限和缺乏法律文件地位的挑战。必要时,对促进西班牙裔/拉丁裔乐观情绪的心理干预措施进行研究。
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引用次数: 1
The Role of Intergroup Threat in Support of Punitive Policies Toward Mexican Immigrants 群体间威胁在支持对墨西哥移民的惩罚政策中的作用
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211034669
Steffanie Guillermo, Jose Zuniga, Angela D. Quiroz
The present research examined the degree to which symbolic and realistic threat perceptions of documented and undocumented Mexican immigrants predicted support for willingness to provide basic resources (e.g., food, water) in detention centers and agreement with policies that restrict Mexican immigration through detention and deportation. Our study recruited 191 participants online via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Results showed that undocumented immigrants were more realistically, but not symbolically threatening than their documented counterparts. Intergroup threat predicted lower willingness to provide basic resources in detention centers and greater support of punitive policies. This finding was not moderated by whether participants evaluated documented or undocumented immigrants. Once we accounted for social dominance orientation (SDO), political attitudes, and contact with Mexican immigrants, only SDO remained a significant predictor of attitudes toward resources in detention centers, while all variables predicted more support for punitive policies. These findings highlight the roles of symbolic and realistic threats, SDO, political attitudes, and intergroup contact in endorsing punitive immigration policies.
本研究考察了有证件和无证件的墨西哥移民对象征性和现实威胁的感知在多大程度上预测了他们是否愿意在拘留中心提供基本资源(如食物、水),以及是否同意通过拘留和驱逐来限制墨西哥移民的政策。我们的研究通过亚马逊土耳其机器人在线招募了191名参与者。结果显示,与有证件的移民相比,无证移民更具现实性,但不具有象征性的威胁性。群体间威胁预示着为拘留中心提供基本资源的意愿较低,对惩罚性政策的支持程度较高。这一发现不受参与者是否评估有证移民或无证移民的影响。一旦我们考虑到社会优势取向(SDO)、政治态度和与墨西哥移民的接触,只有SDO仍然是对拘留中心资源态度的重要预测因子,而所有变量都预测对惩罚性政策的更多支持。这些发现强调了象征性和现实威胁、SDO、政治态度和群体间接触在支持惩罚性移民政策中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Adult Beliefs About the Migration Motives of Unaccompanied Honduran Youth 成人对洪都拉斯无人陪伴青年移民动机的看法
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211035621
Amy L. Clark, James L. Williams
A number of researchers have examined undocumented migration from Central America. This literature lacks information about adult beliefs regarding the motivations of minors who journey from Central America unaccompanied and undocumented. Using data from a recent survey conducted in Honduras, we examine adult Hondurans’ beliefs about why unaccompanied minors leave the country unaccompanied. The dependent variable is a dummy variable that measures “why children leave the country.” Predictor variables are attitudes toward smuggling, willingness to leave without documentation, deportation experience, age, income, and residence in the northern part of Honduras. Using multinomial logistic regression, we find support for four of the eight hypotheses. Findings indicate that adults from the northern region are most likely to believe minors would leave for reasons associated with undocumented immigration. Those who are younger, with lower incomes, and with less access to sanitation are more likely to believe minors would leave without documentation.
许多研究人员对来自中美洲的无证移民进行了调查。这篇文献缺乏关于未成年人在无人陪伴和无证件的情况下从中美洲旅行的动机的成人信仰的信息。利用最近在洪都拉斯进行的一项调查的数据,我们调查了成年洪都拉斯人对为什么无人陪伴的未成年人独自离开该国的看法。因变量是一个衡量“儿童为什么离开这个国家”的伪变量。预测变量是对走私的态度、无证件离开的意愿、驱逐经历、年龄、收入和在洪都拉斯北部的居住情况。使用多项逻辑回归,我们发现八个假设中有四个是支持的。调查结果表明,来自北部地区的成年人最有可能相信未成年人会因为与无证移民有关的原因离开。那些年龄较小、收入较低、卫生条件较差的人更有可能认为未成年人会在没有证件的情况下离开。
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引用次数: 0
Rejection-Identification: An Examination of Group-Level and Individual-Level Discrimination Among Hispanic Immigrants 拒绝认同:对西班牙裔移民群体层面和个人层面歧视的考察
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211033502
Laura J. Brugger
This study investigates the Rejection-Identification Model (RIM) by examining impacts of group-level and personal experiences with discrimination on different measures of ethnic identity and cultural importance among Hispanic immigrants. The RIM is used to describe associations between discrimination and increased ethnic identity and the mediating role of ethnicity on negative outcomes of discrimination. Growing empirical support for the RIM has prompted inquiry into its application among different populations, including immigrants who face numerous types of discrimination. Using the Latino Immigrant National Election Survey, the study found that the perception of group-level discrimination was associated with a higher likelihood of reporting Hispanic identity importance, however, personal experiences with discrimination were not. Further, results showed that neither type of discrimination impacted cultural or Spanish language maintenance importance. This paper discusses the implications of these findings and how the protective factors presented by the RIM may vary among populations and when considering personal and group-level discrimination.
本研究通过考察群体层面和个人歧视经历对西班牙裔移民种族认同和文化重要性的不同衡量标准的影响,对拒绝识别模型(RIM)进行了调查。RIM用于描述歧视与种族认同增加之间的联系,以及种族对歧视负面结果的中介作用。对RIM越来越多的实证支持促使人们对其在不同人群中的应用进行了调查,包括面临多种歧视的移民。利用拉丁裔移民全国选举调查,该研究发现,群体层面的歧视感与报告西班牙裔身份重要性的可能性较高有关,然而,个人歧视经历则不然。此外,研究结果表明,这两种歧视都不影响文化或西班牙语维护的重要性。本文讨论了这些发现的含义,以及在考虑个人和群体层面的歧视时,RIM提出的保护因素可能因人群而异。
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引用次数: 1
Acceptability of Phone Calls and Texts to Promote Healthy Behaviors Among Spanish-Speaking Hispanics 在讲西班牙语的西班牙人中,电话和短信促进健康行为的可接受性
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211034950
Qi Jin, T. Boyce, Huining Kang, L. Nervi, A. Sussman, D. Guest
Individualized short message service (SMS; i.e., text messages) and/or phone calls (PC) in Spanish were examined as an effective interventional approach to increasing daily fruits and vegetables (F&V) and physical activity (PA) among community-dwelling Spanish-speaking Hispanics. Participants were randomized to one of three ordered groups: Control (n = 25), SMS (n = 27), or SMS + PC (n = 26). PA and F&V intake were measured at baseline and 12 weeks later, when acceptability and usefulness were evaluated. Using the Cochran-Armitage test, we found an increasing trend in the proportion of vegetable intake (p = .03) and leisure time PA (p = .004) across the interventions. Most respondents from the SMS and SMS + PC groups approved the modalities and frequency of contact and reported following the advice provided. SMS + PC was the most effective intervention to improve PA and vegetable intake among respondents. These findings support feasibility and acceptability of using remote access platforms, specifically, text and phone-based health communication strategies, with Spanish-speaking participants.
个性化短信服务;我们研究了西班牙语短信和/或电话(PC)作为一种有效的干预方法,以增加居住在西班牙语社区的西班牙裔西班牙人每天的水果和蔬菜(F&V)和身体活动(PA)。参与者被随机分为三个有序组:对照组(n = 25)、短信组(n = 27)或短信+ PC组(n = 26)。在基线和12周后测量PA和F&V摄入量,并评估可接受性和有用性。使用Cochran-Armitage检验,我们发现蔬菜摄入量的比例(p = .03)和休闲时间PA (p = .004)在干预中呈增加趋势。大多数来自短信和短信+个人电脑组的受访者都认可了联系的方式和频率,并按照所提供的建议报告。SMS + PC是改善被调查者PA和蔬菜摄入量最有效的干预措施。这些发现支持了在讲西班牙语的参与者中使用远程访问平台,特别是基于文本和电话的健康通信策略的可行性和可接受性。
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引用次数: 1
Acculturation of Migrant Latinos in a Positive Psychology Framework 积极心理学框架下的拉丁美洲移民文化适应
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211033745
Laura Dryjanska, C. Zlotnick
This article features a positive psychology perspective on migration, using hope theory as a conceptual framework to explain life satisfaction of Hispanic migrants in the United States. The cross-sectional study considers the association of acculturation and social support on wellbeing while accounting for the demographic and personal characteristics of Latino migrants (N = 169) in California and Florida. The final regression model (with the demographic variables of gender, health, realized expectations, the main effect of country, and the interaction variable of realized expectations by country), resulted in significant associations between life satisfaction and the variables of gender and health status. The study demonstrates that expectations (among other factors) significantly predict life satisfaction of Hispanic migrants, which implies that contextualizing migration experience in the positive light (rather than looking at stressors) may impact their quality of life.
本文以移民的积极心理学视角,以希望理论为概念框架来解释美国西班牙裔移民的生活满意度。横断面研究考虑了文化适应和社会支持对幸福感的影响,同时考虑了拉丁裔移民的人口和个人特征(N = 169)在加利福尼亚州和佛罗里达州。最终的回归模型(包括性别、健康、已实现期望、国家的主要影响和已实现期望的交互变量)导致生活满意度与性别和健康状况变量之间存在显著关联。该研究表明,期望(以及其他因素)可以显著预测西班牙裔移民的生活满意度,这意味着从积极的角度(而不是关注压力源)看待移民经历可能会影响他们的生活质量。
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引用次数: 2
Room for Discussion: An Examination of Political Discussion Amongst Latinxs in Various Social Contexts 讨论的空间:拉丁人在不同社会背景下政治讨论的考察
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI: 10.1177/07399863211033505
Matthew Lamb
Though there is research regarding the political speech and rhetoric of minority politicians, activists, and other elites, there is little on the everyday, casual political discourse of minorities in the United States. More specifically, there is none on Latinx political dialog amongst social groups. In this paper, I ask whether Latinxs are more, or less, prone to political conversations in different social contexts than non-Latinx Whites. I find evidence that Latinxs are less likely to discuss politics with family, friends, and coworkers. These findings are important when considering explanations for various political behaviors and political affect amongst Latinxs.
虽然有关于少数族裔政治家、活动家和其他精英的政治言论和修辞的研究,但很少有关于美国少数族裔日常、随意的政治话语的研究。更具体地说,没有关于社会群体之间的拉丁政治对话。在这篇论文中,我提出了一个问题:与非拉丁裔白人相比,拉丁裔是否更倾向于在不同的社会背景下进行政治对话?我发现有证据表明,拉丁裔人不太可能与家人、朋友和同事讨论政治。这些发现对于解释拉丁美洲人的各种政治行为和政治影响非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences
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