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Earnings Inequality in 2016 Among Anglos, Latinxs, and Blacks 2016年盎格鲁人、拉丁裔和黑人的收入不平等
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320925825
Richard L. Hogan, C. Perrucci
In this article we estimate gross, net, and interactive effects of race, ethnicity, marriage and family status, labor and capital markets, class/occupation and education and employment experience/effort, using the 2017 Current Population Survey, March Supplement. Following the Tilly and Hogan conceptualization of durable inequality and the Hogan and Hogan and Perrucci empirical work on Black and White racial and gender inequality, we update and expand that analysis to include Latinos and Latinas, focusing on the ways in which relations with Anglo men create or sustain distinctive forms of exploitation and opportunity hoarding, concluding that Latinas are truly disadvantaged due to ethnic barriers to educational and employment opportunities and exploitation as unpaid or underpaid labor, at home and at work.
在本文中,我们使用2017年3月增刊的当前人口调查,估计了种族、民族、婚姻和家庭状况、劳动力和资本市场、阶级/职业、教育和就业经验/努力的总、净和互动效应。继Tilly和Hogan对持久不平等的概念化以及Hogan、Hogan和Perrucci对黑人和白人种族和性别不平等的实证研究之后,我们更新并扩展了这一分析,将拉丁裔和拉丁裔包括在内,重点关注与盎格鲁男性的关系如何创造或维持独特的剥削和机会囤积形式,结论认为,由于在教育和就业机会方面存在种族障碍,以及在家庭和工作中作为无薪或低薪劳动力受到剥削,拉丁裔确实处于不利地位。
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引用次数: 1
Systematic Review on the Use of the Children’s Depression Inventory-2 Among Hispanics 西班牙裔儿童抑郁量表-2使用的系统评价
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320915170
Eduardo Cumba-Avilés
We systematically reviewed studies reporting the use of the Children’s Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2) in samples with at least 30 children and significant Hispanics enrollment (≥14.5% of the sample and at least 20 Hispanics completing the scale). We grouped studies by form (short or full-length) and language used, developmental stage, report of psychometric data (particularly for Hispanics), and other characteristics. From 252 full-texts revised, 22 met selection criteria. Six reported psychometric data for Hispanics, either for the English full-length (α = .86–.92) and short form (α = .76–.81) or for the Spanish short form (α = .69–.80). Criterion-related validity was supported via correlation/regression or comparing group means, but not using another depression self-report scale. Current knowledge on the CDI-2 psychometrics among Hispanics is mostly based on studies with the English-language version. No study has reported the psychometrics of the full-length Spanish-language CDI-2 with Hispanics.
我们系统地回顾了报告在至少30名儿童和大量西班牙裔(≥14.5%的样本和至少20名完成量表的西班牙语)的样本中使用儿童抑郁量表-2(CDI-2)的研究。我们根据形式(短或全长)和使用的语言、发育阶段、心理测量数据报告(尤其是西班牙裔)和其他特征对研究进行了分组。在修订的252份全文中,有22份符合甄选标准。六份报告的西班牙裔心理测量数据,无论是英语全长(α=.86–.92)和简短形式(α=.76–.81),还是西班牙语简短形式(a=.69–.80)。通过相关性/回归或比较组平均值支持标准相关的有效性,但不使用另一种抑郁自我报告量表。目前西班牙裔对CDI-2心理测量学的了解主要基于英语版本的研究。没有研究报告西班牙裔的全长西班牙语CDI-2的心理测量学。
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引用次数: 4
Testing Traditional Machismo and the Gender Role Strain Theory With Mexican Migrant Farmworkers 传统大男子主义与性别角色应变理论在墨西哥农民工中的检验
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320915649
L. Acosta, Arthur R. Andrews, M. N. Acosta Canchila, Athena K. Ramos
The current study examines the moderating role of traditional machismo on mental health outcomes. We hypothesized that machismo would enhance the effects of stressors that are incongruent with traditional machismo beliefs (discrimination, adverse childhood experiences [ACEs], and fear of deportation) on depression and anxiety outcomes but would not enhance stressors that are congruent (harsh working conditions and poverty) on depression and anxiety. Participants were 190 male Mexican migrant farmworkers. As hypothesized, endorsing high traditional machismo was associated with stronger effects of fear of deportation and discrimination on depression outcomes compared with low traditional machismo. The interaction of machismo and ACEs was not significant in predicting depression or anxiety. Moreover, machismo did not moderate the effects of poverty or harsh working conditions on depression or anxiety outcomes. Results partially supported our hypotheses and suggested that the effect of machismo on depression may be better understood in the context of value-incongruent stressors.
目前的研究考察了传统大男子主义对心理健康结果的调节作用。我们假设大男子主义会增强与传统大男子主义信念不一致的压力源(歧视、不良童年经历和害怕被驱逐)对抑郁和焦虑结果的影响,但不会增强与传统大男子主义信念一致的压力源(恶劣工作条件和贫困)对抑郁和焦虑结果的影响。参与者为190名墨西哥男性移民农场工人。正如假设的那样,与低传统大男子主义相比,支持高传统大男子主义与对驱逐出境和歧视的恐惧对抑郁结果的影响更大。大男子主义与ace的交互作用在预测抑郁或焦虑方面无显著意义。此外,大男子主义并没有缓和贫困或恶劣工作条件对抑郁或焦虑结果的影响。结果部分支持了我们的假设,并表明在价值不一致的压力源背景下,大男子主义对抑郁的影响可能会得到更好的理解。
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引用次数: 5
Prospective Associations Among Youth Assets and Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use in a Hispanic Youth Population 西班牙裔青年人口中青少年资产与酒精、烟草和其他药物使用的前瞻性关联
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320915171
Lea Moser, R. Oman, T. Lensch, K. Clements-Nolle
This study’s purpose was to determine whether specific youth assets (conceptualized as influencing health behavior at the individual, family, or community level) were prospectively associated with reduced alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATD) in a sample of Hispanic youth. A longitudinal community-based study was conducted with five waves of data collected annually over 4 years. Participants were Hispanic youth (14.1 years old; 53% female) and their parents (N = 306 youth/parent pairs). Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine the prospective influence of 17 youth assets on ATD over five waves of data. Results indicated that Hispanic youth with three of seven individual-level assets (e.g., educational aspirations), any of four family-level assets (e.g., family communication), or with one of six community-level assets (e.g., positive peer role models) were significantly less likely to engage in ATD. The results suggest that assets protect Hispanic youth from ATD and that family-level assets may be particularly important.
本研究的目的是确定在西班牙裔青年样本中,特定青年资产(概念化为影响个人、家庭或社区健康行为)是否与减少酒精、烟草和其他药物使用(ATD)有前瞻性关联。一项以社区为基础的纵向研究在4年的时间里每年收集五波数据。参与者为西班牙裔青年(14.1岁;(53%为女性)和他们的父母(N = 306对青年/父母)。采用广义线性混合模型确定了17种青少年资产对五波数据的ATD的预期影响。结果表明,西班牙裔青年拥有7个个人层面资产中的3个(例如,教育抱负),4个家庭层面资产中的任何一个(例如,家庭沟通),或6个社区层面资产中的一个(例如,积极的同伴角色榜样),参与ATD的可能性显着降低。结果表明,资产可以保护西班牙裔年轻人免受ATD的侵害,而家庭层面的资产可能尤其重要。
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引用次数: 1
Timing of Departure From the Parental Home: Differences by Immigrant Generation and Parents’ Region of Origin 离开父母家的时间:移民一代和父母原籍地区的差异
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320916424
Brian Joseph Gillespie, Georgiana Bostean, Stefan Malizia
Drawing on immigrant adaptation and life course perspectives, this study explores reasons for differences in the timing of young adults’ departure from the parental home. We extend existing research by examining: (a) associations between home-leaving, and immigrant generation and parental region of origin, and (b) the role of parental language use in the home as a moderator of these associations. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (N = 5,994), we used Cox proportional hazard regressions to estimate the risk of home-leaving. Results revealed that 3+ generation immigrants are most likely to leave home, followed by second, 1.75, and 1.5 generation. Youth whose parents were from Latin America were least likely to leave compared with those with parents from other regions. Parental language spoken at home is a moderator such that, net of controls, youth with Latin American parents are less likely to leave the parental home than those with U.S.-born parents when their parents speak a language other than English at home. Findings contribute to the immigration literature by examining nuanced differences among immigrants of different generations and origins, and pointing to multiple factors that contribute to differences in the timing of the transition out of the parental home.
从移民适应和生命历程的角度,本研究探讨了年轻人离开父母家的时间差异的原因。我们通过检验:(a)离家、移民一代和父母原籍地区之间的关联,以及(b)父母在家中使用的语言在这些关联中的调节作用,扩展了现有的研究。使用1997年全国青年纵向调查(N = 5,994)的数据,我们使用Cox比例风险回归来估计离家的风险。结果显示,3+代移民最有可能离开家,其次是第二代、1.75代和1.5代。与父母来自其他地区的年轻人相比,父母来自拉丁美洲的年轻人最不可能离开。父母在家里说的语言是一个调节因素,因此,与那些在美国出生的父母在家里说英语以外的语言的孩子相比,拉丁美洲父母的孩子离开父母家的可能性更小。研究结果通过研究不同世代和不同出身的移民之间的细微差异,并指出导致离开父母家庭过渡时间差异的多种因素,为移民文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 3
A Time-Space Stream of DACA Benefits and Barriers Gleaned From the American Community Survey 从美国社区调查中收集的DACA福利和障碍的时空流
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320915849
Richard C. Jones
This study investigates the educational and economic attainment of Mexican Dreamers over the 4 years since DACA was implemented (2012–2016). A time-space stream of benefits and barriers is evaluated at the national, state, and individual levels. Based on assumptions linking the DACA-eligible to DACA recipients, I examine the annual American Community Survey (ACS) to glean insights not provided elsewhere. At national level, the results suggest that young Mexican Dreamers entered the workforce at higher rates, but college at lower rates, than a control group of Mexican Americans. At state level, in supportive states these Dreamers entered college at higher rates but the work force at slightly lower rates, than they did in restrictive states. At the individual level, it is revealed that DACA strongly promoted college over work for women, but just the reverse for men. These distinctions are bringing about new inequalities within the Mexican Dreamer community in the United States.
本研究调查了自DACA实施以来的4年(2012-2016年)墨西哥梦想家的教育和经济成就。在国家、州和个人层面上评估了利益和障碍的时空流。基于将符合DACA资格的人与DACA接受者联系起来的假设,我研究了年度美国社区调查(ACS),以收集其他地方没有提供的见解。在全国范围内,研究结果表明,与墨西哥裔美国人对照组相比,年轻的墨西哥梦想家进入劳动力市场的比例更高,但进入大学的比例更低。在州一级,与限制州相比,在支持州,这些梦想家进入大学的比例更高,但进入劳动力市场的比例略低。在个人层面上,调查显示,DACA强烈推动女性上大学,而不是工作,但对男性则相反。这些区别在美国的墨西哥梦想家社区内带来了新的不平等。
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引用次数: 2
Grit and Retention Among First Year Hispanic College Students at a Hispanic Serving Institution 西班牙裔服务机构一年级西班牙语大学生的Grit和Retention
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320910153
J. D. Lopez, Jennifer M. Horn
Hispanic college students attending a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) in the southwest United States were administered the short grit survey during new student orientation for 2 consecutive years (N = 496) to ascertain the association with grit scores and retention after the first year of university attendance. Results indicate that there was a gender difference in grit scores and retention. Few grit survey items were associated with retention, thus suggesting that the grit survey may not be an appropriate predictor of retention for first-generation Hispanic college students.
在美国西南部一所西班牙裔服务机构(HSI)就读的西班牙裔大学生连续2年在新生入学期间进行了简短的毅力调查(N = 496),以确定毅力分数与大学入学一年后的保留率之间的关系。结果表明,在砂砾得分和保留方面存在性别差异。很少有毅力调查项目与保留率有关,因此表明毅力调查可能不是第一代西班牙裔大学生保留率的适当预测指标。
{"title":"Grit and Retention Among First Year Hispanic College Students at a Hispanic Serving Institution","authors":"J. D. Lopez, Jennifer M. Horn","doi":"10.1177/0739986320910153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0739986320910153","url":null,"abstract":"Hispanic college students attending a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) in the southwest United States were administered the short grit survey during new student orientation for 2 consecutive years (N = 496) to ascertain the association with grit scores and retention after the first year of university attendance. Results indicate that there was a gender difference in grit scores and retention. Few grit survey items were associated with retention, thus suggesting that the grit survey may not be an appropriate predictor of retention for first-generation Hispanic college students.","PeriodicalId":13072,"journal":{"name":"Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0739986320910153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45273831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Latinx College Students: How Schemas and Attachments Impact Depression and Relationship Satisfaction 拉丁裔大学生:图式和依恋如何影响抑郁和关系满意度
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0739986320910165
Adrian A. Rodriguez, Paul Ratanasiripong, Kimberly Hardaway, L. Barrón, Shiho Toyama
Latinx college students face challenges regarding depression. The relationships between early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and attachment style on depression and relationship satisfaction were investigated among 236 Latinx college student participants. The Young Schema Questionnaire–Short Form (YSQ-S3) total score was utilized to identify overall schema. Significant correlations were found. Overall schema, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and depression were all positively correlated, while attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and depression were negatively correlated with relationship satisfaction. In multiple regression analyses, Model 1, overall schema and attachment anxiety significantly predicted depression. In Model 2, overall schema, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance significantly predicted relationship satisfaction, with EMS acting as a positive predictor. Results suggest that Latinx college students with EMS and anxious attachment style endorse more depression, while the influence of EMS and attachment style on relationship satisfaction needs to be further investigated. Considerations for the use of schema therapy and future research are discussed.
拉丁裔大学生在抑郁症方面面临挑战。在236名拉丁裔大学生中调查了早期适应不良图式(EMS)与依恋风格对抑郁和关系满意度的关系。青年图式问卷-简式(YSQ-S3)总分用于识别整体图式。发现了显著的相关性。总体图式、依恋焦虑、依恋回避和抑郁均与关系满意度呈正相关,而依恋焦虑、附件回避和抑郁与关系满意度呈负相关。在多元回归分析中,模型1、整体图式和依恋焦虑显著预测抑郁。在模型2中,总体图式、依恋焦虑和依恋回避显著预测了关系满意度,EMS是一个积极的预测因素。结果表明,患有EMS和焦虑依恋风格的拉丁裔大学生更倾向于抑郁,而EMS和依恋风格对关系满意度的影响还有待进一步研究。讨论了使用图式疗法的注意事项和未来的研究。
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引用次数: 4
Longitudinal Changes Among Latino/a Immigrant Parental Acculturation and Extra-Familial Immigration-Related Stress. 拉丁裔/美籍移民父母文化适应和家庭外移民相关压力的纵向变化
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-01-11 DOI: 10.1177/0739986319900029
Michael R Whitehead, Rubén Parra-Cardona, Richard Wampler, Ryan Bowles, Sacha Klein

Foreign-born Latino/a immigrants currently make up 12.9% of the total U.S. population. Latino/a immigrants continue to be exposed to widespread health and mental health care disparities. Scholarship focused on the needs of Latino/a immigrants continues to be characterized by multiple gaps. Latino/a immigrants and their families, particularly those with low family annual incomes, are exposed to multiple types of immigration-related stress. However, little is known about how immigration-related stress impacts couples. The objective of this investigation was to examine the interrelationship among acculturation and immigration-related stress as reported by a group of Latino/a immigrant parents who participated in a cultural adaptation parenting study. Data were provided by 78 two-parent families. The statistical approach consisted of latent growth curve analyses to examine rates of change over time. Findings indicated a potential protective role of biculturalism among Latino/a immigrant couples. Research, clinical, and policy implications are discussed.

外国出生的拉丁裔移民目前占美国总人口的12.9%。拉丁裔/拉丁裔移民继续面临普遍的健康和精神保健差距。关注拉丁裔/非裔移民需求的奖学金仍然存在多重差距。拉丁美洲/美洲移民及其家庭,特别是家庭年收入较低的家庭,面临着多种类型的移民相关压力。然而,人们对移民压力对夫妻的影响知之甚少。本研究的目的是研究一组参与文化适应父母研究的拉丁裔/移民父母所报告的文化适应和移民相关压力之间的相互关系。数据来自78个双亲家庭。统计方法包括潜在增长曲线分析,以检查随时间的变化率。研究结果表明,双文化主义在拉丁裔/移民夫妇中具有潜在的保护作用。研究,临床和政策的影响进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
They Lynched Mexican-Americans Too: A Question of Anglo Colorism 他们也用私刑处死墨西哥裔美国人:盎格鲁人种歧视问题
IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-20 DOI: 10.1177/0739986319899737
R. Hall
The act of lynching in the United States was in fact a form of domestic terrorism perpetrated against darker-skinned Americans. Historians have been pressed to acknowledge the lynching of African-Americans particularly in the Bible-belt South in such states as Mississippi and Alabama. The history of Mexican-Americans lynched by Anglo mobs has been for the most part, ignored by Western historians. Said ignored transgressions occurred frequently in border-states including Texas. Approximately 40 years before the lynching of 14-year-old African-American Emmett Till was the lynching of 14-year-old Mexican-American Antonio Gómez. Both were boys accused of Anglo disrespect. Buried in historical archives, the lynching of Gómez was a Mexican-American manifestation of Anglo colorism. Once informed, social scientists and the U.S. society at-large must then readily admit they lynched Mexican-Americans too!
美国的私刑实际上是一种针对深肤色美国人的国内恐怖主义。历史学家被迫承认对非裔美国人处以私刑,特别是在南方的圣经地带,如密西西比州和阿拉巴马州。墨西哥裔美国人被盎格鲁暴徒私刑的历史在很大程度上被西方历史学家所忽视。赛义德无视包括德克萨斯州在内的边境州经常发生的违法行为。大约在14岁的非裔美国人埃米特·蒂尔被私刑处死的40年前,14岁的墨西哥裔美国人安东尼奥·Gómez也被私刑处死。两个男孩都被指控不尊重英国人。埋藏在历史档案中的Gómez私刑是墨西哥裔美国人对盎格鲁人种歧视的表现。一旦被告知,社会科学家和整个美国社会必须欣然承认他们也对墨西哥裔美国人处以私刑!
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences
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