Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3458192
Yulin Fang;Yue Ping Zhang
A theory based on the cavity and sphere models is developed to analyze microbump antennas for broadside radiation. The theory enables the computation of all the properties of microbump antenna and provides physical insight into the mechanism of microbump antenna. The theory is successfully demonstrated with experiments and full-wave simulations of a 3 GHz microbump antenna. Results indicates that the performance of the microbump antenna is better than that of the microstrip antenna. The proposed theory favorably guides the design and analysis of a 300 GHz microbump antenna, achieving a significant improvement in radiation efficiency. It is shown that the microbump antenna is a promising candidate for an antenna-on-chip (AoC) solution to a highly integrated system operating at sub-terahertz frequencies for wireless communication, sensing, imaging, etc.
{"title":"Theory of Microbump Antennas for Broadside Radiation","authors":"Yulin Fang;Yue Ping Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3458192","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3458192","url":null,"abstract":"A theory based on the cavity and sphere models is developed to analyze microbump antennas for broadside radiation. The theory enables the computation of all the properties of microbump antenna and provides physical insight into the mechanism of microbump antenna. The theory is successfully demonstrated with experiments and full-wave simulations of a 3 GHz microbump antenna. Results indicates that the performance of the microbump antenna is better than that of the microstrip antenna. The proposed theory favorably guides the design and analysis of a 300 GHz microbump antenna, achieving a significant improvement in radiation efficiency. It is shown that the microbump antenna is a promising candidate for an antenna-on-chip (AoC) solution to a highly integrated system operating at sub-terahertz frequencies for wireless communication, sensing, imaging, etc.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8353-8364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3458399
Haolong Wang;Hongyu Shi;Wei E. I. Sha;Zhihao Lan;Fei Gao;Xiaoming Chen;Anxue Zhang
Topological edge states have gained significant attention due to their exceptional capability to transmit signals without being affected by defects, which make them promising for applications in microwave and terahertz integrated circuits. In this article, supercell structures based on topological photonics crystals (TPCs) under dual-edge state are proposed. The energy bands of the proposed supercells are different from those of traditional supercells in that they exhibit forbidden bandgaps in addition to edge state and bulk state, facilitating an effective out-of-band rejection filter function through the use of dual-edge state transmission. The robustness of this new structure against bends and fabrication defects has been experimentally validated. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed structure, we design and realize a topological duplexer, which delivers superior transceiver performance and exceptional isolation capabilities. The duplexer is configured with two distinct channels (first channel spanning from 13.20 to 13.43 GHz, while the second one ranging from 13.88 to 14.25 GHz), offering isolation of exceeding 27 dB and reaching up to 35 dB. The research findings offer flexible approaches for implementing frequency selection applications, serving as a reference for the future designs and application of integrated package duplexers.
{"title":"Design of High-Isolation Topological Duplexer Utilizing Dual-Edge State Topological Waveguides","authors":"Haolong Wang;Hongyu Shi;Wei E. I. Sha;Zhihao Lan;Fei Gao;Xiaoming Chen;Anxue Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3458399","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3458399","url":null,"abstract":"Topological edge states have gained significant attention due to their exceptional capability to transmit signals without being affected by defects, which make them promising for applications in microwave and terahertz integrated circuits. In this article, supercell structures based on topological photonics crystals (TPCs) under dual-edge state are proposed. The energy bands of the proposed supercells are different from those of traditional supercells in that they exhibit forbidden bandgaps in addition to edge state and bulk state, facilitating an effective out-of-band rejection filter function through the use of dual-edge state transmission. The robustness of this new structure against bends and fabrication defects has been experimentally validated. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed structure, we design and realize a topological duplexer, which delivers superior transceiver performance and exceptional isolation capabilities. The duplexer is configured with two distinct channels (first channel spanning from 13.20 to 13.43 GHz, while the second one ranging from 13.88 to 14.25 GHz), offering isolation of exceeding 27 dB and reaching up to 35 dB. The research findings offer flexible approaches for implementing frequency selection applications, serving as a reference for the future designs and application of integrated package duplexers.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8802-8809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A low-profile, broadband, dual-linearly polarized offset dual-reflector antenna is presented for high-gain operation at W-band (75–110 GHz). The dual-linear polarization is achieved by exciting two orthogonal modes in an overmoded parallel-plate waveguide (PPW), namely, the quasi-transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode and the quasi-TE1 mode. The offset dual-reflector system is illuminated by a dual-mode corrugated feed horn in the PPW. Since the reflector system only collimates the beam in one plane, an exponentially flared section is integrated at the end of its radiating aperture to collimate the beam in the orthogonal plane. The antenna is built in aluminum and fabricated as a split block using computer numerical control (CNC) milling. Experimental results show an input reflection coefficient better than −10 dB over a fractional bandwidth exceeding 38% for the two modes of operation. A good agreement is observed between simulated and measured far-field patterns for both operating modes, thus validating the antenna concept. The measured gain remains stable over the entire W-band with a maximum value of 28.8 and 28.5 dBi for the quasi-TEM mode and the quasi-TE1 mode, respectively.
本文介绍了一种用于 W 波段（75-110 GHz）高增益工作的扁平、宽带、双线性极化偏置双反射器天线。双线性极化是通过激发过编码平行板波导（PPW）中的两个正交模式（即准横向电磁（TEM）模式和准 TE1 模式）来实现的。偏置双反射器系统由 PPW 中的双模波纹馈源喇叭照射。由于反射器系统只能在一个平面内准直光束，因此在其辐射孔的末端集成了一个指数扩口部分，以便在正交平面内准直光束。天线由铝制成，并通过计算机数控（CNC）铣削加工成分体块。实验结果表明，在两种工作模式下，输入反射系数优于-10 dB，分数带宽超过 38%。在两种工作模式下，模拟和测量的远场模式都非常吻合，从而验证了天线的概念。在整个 W 波段，测量增益保持稳定，准 TEM 模式和准 TE1 模式的最大值分别为 28.8 和 28.5 dBi。
{"title":"Low-Profile and Broadband Dual-Linearly Polarized Offset Dual-Reflector Antenna for W-Band Applications","authors":"Thi-Kim-Ngan Nguyen;Jérôme Taillieu;David González-Ovejero;Ronan Sauleau","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3458183","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3458183","url":null,"abstract":"A low-profile, broadband, dual-linearly polarized offset dual-reflector antenna is presented for high-gain operation at W-band (75–110 GHz). The dual-linear polarization is achieved by exciting two orthogonal modes in an overmoded parallel-plate waveguide (PPW), namely, the quasi-transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode and the quasi-TE1 mode. The offset dual-reflector system is illuminated by a dual-mode corrugated feed horn in the PPW. Since the reflector system only collimates the beam in one plane, an exponentially flared section is integrated at the end of its radiating aperture to collimate the beam in the orthogonal plane. The antenna is built in aluminum and fabricated as a split block using computer numerical control (CNC) milling. Experimental results show an input reflection coefficient better than −10 dB over a fractional bandwidth exceeding 38% for the two modes of operation. A good agreement is observed between simulated and measured far-field patterns for both operating modes, thus validating the antenna concept. The measured gain remains stable over the entire W-band with a maximum value of 28.8 and 28.5 dBi for the quasi-TEM mode and the quasi-TE1 mode, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8858-8863"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3456963
Xuanfeng Tong;Weimin Zeng;Yuan Li;Fan Wu;Zhi Hao Jiang;Ronan Sauleau;Wei Hong
A dual-band dual-circularly polarized (dual-CP) multibeam transmit-array (TA) system providing the four-color scheme at both the low- and high-frequency bands is proposed and demonstrated. The TA cells are in the form of antenna-filter-antenna (AFA) structures with reduced laminating complexity, behaving as transmissive half-wave plates. For the feeding source, a compact dual-band dual-CP array, based on a broadband stripline feeding network and four dual-band dual-linearly polarized (LP) aperture-coupled double-layered segmented patches, is designed and validated. The measured joint -10 dB impedance matching, 2-dB gain, and 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths are about 15.5% and 8.9% at the two bands, respectively, for the feeding source. The dual-band dual-CP TA and feed array are further integrated to form a TA antenna with four degrees of freedom of beamforming. Finally, two feed clusters, each containing four dual-band dual-CP feed arrays, and two dual-band dual-CP TAs—one operating at 18/28 GHz and the other working at 19.5/29.5 GHz, are integrated to produce a total of 32 beams for covering a certain area in a four-color scheme at both the low- and high-frequency bands. The dual-band dual-CP TA system is fabricated and characterized, showing a good agreement between the measured and simulated results. The demonstrated TA antenna system can be a promising candidate for point-to-multipoint communications, satellite communications, and so on.
本文提出并演示了一种双波段双圆极化（dual-CP）多波束发射阵列（TA）系统，可在低频和高频段提供四色方案。发射阵列单元采用天线-滤波器-天线（AFA）结构形式，降低了叠层复杂性，表现为透射半波板。在馈电源方面，设计并验证了基于宽带带状馈电网络和四个双波段双线性极化（LP）孔径耦合双层分段式贴片的紧凑型双波段双 CP 阵列。对于馈电源，测得的联合 -10 dB 阻抗匹配、2 dB 增益和 3 dB 轴向比带宽在两个频段分别约为 15.5% 和 8.9%。双波段双 CP TA 和馈电阵列进一步集成，形成具有四个波束成形自由度的 TA 天线。最后，两个馈电集群（每个集群包含四个双频双 CP 馈电阵列）和两个双频双 CP TA（一个工作频率为 18/28 GHz，另一个工作频率为 19.5/29.5 GHz）被集成在一起，产生总共 32 个波束，以四色方案覆盖低频和高频段的一定区域。双频双 CP TA 系统的制造和特性分析表明，测量结果与模拟结果之间具有良好的一致性。所演示的 TA 天线系统有望用于点对多点通信、卫星通信等。
{"title":"A Dual-Band Dual-Circularly Polarized Transmit-Array Antenna and Its Application for Four-Color Scheme Multibeam Generation","authors":"Xuanfeng Tong;Weimin Zeng;Yuan Li;Fan Wu;Zhi Hao Jiang;Ronan Sauleau;Wei Hong","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3456963","url":null,"abstract":"A dual-band dual-circularly polarized (dual-CP) multibeam transmit-array (TA) system providing the four-color scheme at both the low- and high-frequency bands is proposed and demonstrated. The TA cells are in the form of antenna-filter-antenna (AFA) structures with reduced laminating complexity, behaving as transmissive half-wave plates. For the feeding source, a compact dual-band dual-CP array, based on a broadband stripline feeding network and four dual-band dual-linearly polarized (LP) aperture-coupled double-layered segmented patches, is designed and validated. The measured joint -10 dB impedance matching, 2-dB gain, and 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths are about 15.5% and 8.9% at the two bands, respectively, for the feeding source. The dual-band dual-CP TA and feed array are further integrated to form a TA antenna with four degrees of freedom of beamforming. Finally, two feed clusters, each containing four dual-band dual-CP feed arrays, and two dual-band dual-CP TAs—one operating at 18/28 GHz and the other working at 19.5/29.5 GHz, are integrated to produce a total of 32 beams for covering a certain area in a four-color scheme at both the low- and high-frequency bands. The dual-band dual-CP TA system is fabricated and characterized, showing a good agreement between the measured and simulated results. The demonstrated TA antenna system can be a promising candidate for point-to-multipoint communications, satellite communications, and so on.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8511-8526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3456966
Riccardo Ozzola;Cesare Tadolini;Andrea Neto
A spectral domain analysis aimed at studying dipoles radiating in layered media is presented. The model allows for the modeling of the nonzero metal thickness and the reactance associated with a $Delta $ -gap excitation. The solution can be efficiently calculated with a semianalytical procedure, and it is linked to an equivalent circuit representation. The results show an accuracy up to par with commercial solvers regarding the input impedance and the radiated far-field patterns.
{"title":"Spectral Domain Analysis of Lossy and Nonzero Thickness Dipoles of Finite Length Radiating in Layered Media","authors":"Riccardo Ozzola;Cesare Tadolini;Andrea Neto","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3456966","url":null,"abstract":"A spectral domain analysis aimed at studying dipoles radiating in layered media is presented. The model allows for the modeling of the nonzero metal thickness and the reactance associated with a \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-gap excitation. The solution can be efficiently calculated with a semianalytical procedure, and it is linked to an equivalent circuit representation. The results show an accuracy up to par with commercial solvers regarding the input impedance and the radiated far-field patterns.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8888-8892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This communication presents a novel compact wideband dual-polarized (DP) endfire antenna with a shared aperture. The design achieves a low-profile and wideband vertical-polarized (VP) element by utilizing an open-end cavity antenna with a U-slot and rectangular parasitic patch. A horizontal-polarized (HP) radiator is seamlessly integrated into the VP element by transforming the rectangular parasitic patch into a dipole, enabling structure reuse without affecting the VP mode. These designs enable the construction of a compact DP endfire antenna with a shared aperture while simultaneously enhancing performances, including impedance bandwidth, front-to-back ratio (FBR) level, polarization isolation, and cross-polarization. Moreover, a $1times 4$ -element array with high gain is designed based on the proposed element. Prototypes are fabricated using low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology for antenna-in-package (AiP) applications. As the simulated and measured results demonstrate, the antennas achieve a wide overlapped DP impedance bandwidth of 24–30 GHz (22.2%) and a low profile of $0.12lambda _{{0}}$ . Specifically, the VP FBR levels surpass 14 dB (element) and 16 dB (array), while the port isolations exceed 30 dB (element) and 25 dB (array). Overall, this design presents a promising solution for high-integration mmWave mobile systems.
{"title":"A Dual-Polarized Endfire Antenna With Shared Aperture for mmWave Mobile Terminal Applications","authors":"Liangying Li;Shaowei Liao;Jia Wei;Yinglu Wan;Wenquan Che;Quan Xue","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3456895","url":null,"abstract":"This communication presents a novel compact wideband dual-polarized (DP) endfire antenna with a shared aperture. The design achieves a low-profile and wideband vertical-polarized (VP) element by utilizing an open-end cavity antenna with a U-slot and rectangular parasitic patch. A horizontal-polarized (HP) radiator is seamlessly integrated into the VP element by transforming the rectangular parasitic patch into a dipole, enabling structure reuse without affecting the VP mode. These designs enable the construction of a compact DP endfire antenna with a shared aperture while simultaneously enhancing performances, including impedance bandwidth, front-to-back ratio (FBR) level, polarization isolation, and cross-polarization. Moreover, a \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-element array with high gain is designed based on the proposed element. Prototypes are fabricated using low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology for antenna-in-package (AiP) applications. As the simulated and measured results demonstrate, the antennas achieve a wide overlapped DP impedance bandwidth of 24–30 GHz (22.2%) and a low profile of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.12lambda _{{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. Specifically, the VP FBR levels surpass 14 dB (element) and 16 dB (array), while the port isolations exceed 30 dB (element) and 25 dB (array). Overall, this design presents a promising solution for high-integration mmWave mobile systems.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8864-8869"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3457234
Mohammad Marvasti;Halim Boutayeb
A numerical investigation of moving dielectric interface and dielectric slab illuminated by plane electromagnetic waves, using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique, is presented. Within the FDTD time loop, motions are obtained by shifting the locations of structures at particular times. The transmitted and reflected waves are studied, at normal incidence, for different speeds, in time and frequency domains. The simulated transmission coefficients, reflection coefficients, and Doppler effects are compared with closed-form equations that agree with the literature. Furthermore, the effect of the Fresnel drag is studied.
{"title":"Numerical Study of a Moving Dielectric Slab Illuminated by a Plane Wave With the Inclusion of Fresnel Drag","authors":"Mohammad Marvasti;Halim Boutayeb","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3457234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3457234","url":null,"abstract":"A numerical investigation of moving dielectric interface and dielectric slab illuminated by plane electromagnetic waves, using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique, is presented. Within the FDTD time loop, motions are obtained by shifting the locations of structures at particular times. The transmitted and reflected waves are studied, at normal incidence, for different speeds, in time and frequency domains. The simulated transmission coefficients, reflection coefficients, and Doppler effects are compared with closed-form equations that agree with the literature. Furthermore, the effect of the Fresnel drag is studied.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8904-8909"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3456902
Yang Lu;Jianfa Liu;Zheng Zong;Zhun Wei
One challenge in the design of frequency-selective surface (FSS) is that the designed results are difficult to meet the accuracy demand of various physical properties simultaneously, part of which stems from the complex interaction between different physical domains in practice. Recently, deep learning (DL) schemes have shown success in design of FSS. However, the learning-based method usually requires a large amount of training data to train the deep neural network (DNN), where computational complexity is rapidly increased in multiphysical data accumulation. In this work, we propose a data-physics-driven neural network (DPD-NN) surrogate for intelligent multiphysics inverse design of FSS. The proposed DPD-NN consists of three parts, including an inverse model (IM) mapping from multiphysical response to structural parameters, a pre-built physical model (PM) to constrain the resonant points, and a pre-trained forward model (FM) to alleviate non-unique problem in inverse design. A hybrid loss function, including the errors of design parameters, responses, and key physical properties, is built and the effects of different loss parts are discussed. In the end, to fulfill electromagnetic and thermal response simultaneously, a bandpass FSS is designed, manufactured, and measured to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed DPD-NN.
{"title":"Multiphysics Inverse Design of Frequency-Selective Surface by Data-Physics-Driven Deep Neural Network","authors":"Yang Lu;Jianfa Liu;Zheng Zong;Zhun Wei","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3456902","url":null,"abstract":"One challenge in the design of frequency-selective surface (FSS) is that the designed results are difficult to meet the accuracy demand of various physical properties simultaneously, part of which stems from the complex interaction between different physical domains in practice. Recently, deep learning (DL) schemes have shown success in design of FSS. However, the learning-based method usually requires a large amount of training data to train the deep neural network (DNN), where computational complexity is rapidly increased in multiphysical data accumulation. In this work, we propose a data-physics-driven neural network (DPD-NN) surrogate for intelligent multiphysics inverse design of FSS. The proposed DPD-NN consists of three parts, including an inverse model (IM) mapping from multiphysical response to structural parameters, a pre-built physical model (PM) to constrain the resonant points, and a pre-trained forward model (FM) to alleviate non-unique problem in inverse design. A hybrid loss function, including the errors of design parameters, responses, and key physical properties, is built and the effects of different loss parts are discussed. In the end, to fulfill electromagnetic and thermal response simultaneously, a bandpass FSS is designed, manufactured, and measured to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed DPD-NN.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8739-8749"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, a novel four-port phase mode antenna (PMA) with multipolarization beam scanning capability is proposed. By adjusting the phase difference between feeding ports, the four-port PMA can excite different phase modes allowing for multipolarization beam scanning. It is observed that the even mode and odd mode, the basic modes of the PMA, correspond to the different characteristic modes in the antenna. In addition, a detailed explanation of the variation law of phase modes is provided based on the characteristic mode theory. Simulated and measured results demonstrate that the proposed four-port PMA can achieve independent vertical polarization and horizontal polarization beam scanning in the $yotextit {z}$ plane. By combining two orthogonal polarized beams, the antenna can achieve various other polarizations. Furthermore, its application is investigated in wide-angle scanning phased array. For the 1-D generalized array based on the four-port PMA, the measured results of vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, oblique +45° polarization, and right circular polarization (RCP) indicate that the maximum scanning angle of array can reach more than ±80° in the $yotextit {z}$ plane while maintaining the cross-polarization level below −20 dB. Obviously, the four-port PMA offers more freedom in beamforming, which provides a good prospect for the development of radar and wireless communication.
{"title":"A Novel Four-Port Phase Mode Antenna and Its Application in Multipolarization Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array","authors":"Xudong Tang;Xiaonan Zhao;Han Zhou;Junping Geng;Jingzheng Lu;Rui Zhao;Xuepeng Li;Heci Liu;Mingxia Meng;Nian Chen;Chong He;Xianling Liang;Guolin Tong","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456303","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456303","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a novel four-port phase mode antenna (PMA) with multipolarization beam scanning capability is proposed. By adjusting the phase difference between feeding ports, the four-port PMA can excite different phase modes allowing for multipolarization beam scanning. It is observed that the even mode and odd mode, the basic modes of the PMA, correspond to the different characteristic modes in the antenna. In addition, a detailed explanation of the variation law of phase modes is provided based on the characteristic mode theory. Simulated and measured results demonstrate that the proposed four-port PMA can achieve independent vertical polarization and horizontal polarization beam scanning in the \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$yotextit {z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 plane. By combining two orthogonal polarized beams, the antenna can achieve various other polarizations. Furthermore, its application is investigated in wide-angle scanning phased array. For the 1-D generalized array based on the four-port PMA, the measured results of vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, oblique +45° polarization, and right circular polarization (RCP) indicate that the maximum scanning angle of array can reach more than ±80° in the \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$yotextit {z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 plane while maintaining the cross-polarization level below −20 dB. Obviously, the four-port PMA offers more freedom in beamforming, which provides a good prospect for the development of radar and wireless communication.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8339-8352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multidimensional regulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves, especially for that joint amplitude-phase modulation occurring at different polarization channels, is pivotal for new-generation information processing and wireless communication. Helicity-multiplexed cascaded metadevices with low crosstalk and high efficiency are applied to complicated EM manipulation, but most are confined to half-space locked helicity states and modes. Herein, via introducing propagation phase with constructive interference into geometric phase, full-space helicity-dependent decoupling relationship between amplitude and phase engineering based on single-pixeled meta-particle is derived, and the implementing mechanism of nonsinterleaved completely helicity-modulated cascaded metasurface (NCHCM) in full space is further elucidated. Meanwhile, point-source diffraction method and iterative optimization algorithm are, respectively, developed to design the NCHCM, enabling precise holographic imaging performances. On this basis, two functional meta-devices assisted by energy-controllable NCHCM, including dual-channel helicity-selective complex-amplitude (CA) meta-hologram and quadruple-polarization-channel equal-amplitude phase-only meta-hologram, are demonstrated in the microwave region. The full-space completely helicity-modulated paradigm will boost the research of multidimension-controlled metasurfaces and might find multichannel delivery and information multiplexing applications in miniaturized and highly integrated systems.
{"title":"Noninterleaved Completely Helicity-Modulated Cascaded Metasurface Empowering Full-Space Energy-Controllable Arbitrary Wavefront Manipulation","authors":"Zuntian Chu;Xinqi Cai;Tiefu Li;Huiting Sun;Yajuan Han;Ruichao Zhu;Tonghao Liu;Yuxiang Jia;Sai Sui;Jiafu Wang","doi":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456428","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TAP.2024.3456428","url":null,"abstract":"Multidimensional regulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves, especially for that joint amplitude-phase modulation occurring at different polarization channels, is pivotal for new-generation information processing and wireless communication. Helicity-multiplexed cascaded metadevices with low crosstalk and high efficiency are applied to complicated EM manipulation, but most are confined to half-space locked helicity states and modes. Herein, via introducing propagation phase with constructive interference into geometric phase, full-space helicity-dependent decoupling relationship between amplitude and phase engineering based on single-pixeled meta-particle is derived, and the implementing mechanism of nonsinterleaved completely helicity-modulated cascaded metasurface (NCHCM) in full space is further elucidated. Meanwhile, point-source diffraction method and iterative optimization algorithm are, respectively, developed to design the NCHCM, enabling precise holographic imaging performances. On this basis, two functional meta-devices assisted by energy-controllable NCHCM, including dual-channel helicity-selective complex-amplitude (CA) meta-hologram and quadruple-polarization-channel equal-amplitude phase-only meta-hologram, are demonstrated in the microwave region. The full-space completely helicity-modulated paradigm will boost the research of multidimension-controlled metasurfaces and might find multichannel delivery and information multiplexing applications in miniaturized and highly integrated systems.","PeriodicalId":13102,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","volume":"72 11","pages":"8684-8695"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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