Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.17221/174/2018-hortsci
Y. Takemura, M. Kishimoto, F. Tamura
The effect of a brief exposure to treatments of end-of-day (EOD) far-red (FR) light and EOD-heating on flowering and stem elongation in certain species cultivated in areas with limited sunshine from autumn to winter has been investigated. Thirteen EOD-FR treated cultivars among all 24 cultivars tested in experiment 1, showed earlier flowering than control plants. Additionally, Kanzaki No.21, F1 Winter cherry and Gypsy deep rose were earlier to flower under the all night-FR treatment than under the EOD-FR treatment. Further, 13 cultivars among all cultivars tested in experiment 1 showed greater stem length, whereas 16 cultivars of them showed greater mean internode length than controls when treated with EOD-FR. The days to flowering in 13 cultivars treated by EOD-Heating, flowering was earlier than in controls. Also, stem length and mean internode length were also promoted by the same treatment in 7 cultivars. Additionally, flowering and stem elongation of Stella rose, Arizona sun, Suzuhime and Extra carmine rose were promoted by a combination of both treatments, and productivity and quality were improved. These results suggest that the treatments tested can help the production of cut-flowers in areas with limited sunshine from autumn to winter, although the method of application of the treatments must be optimized for each species.
{"title":"Selection of cut flower species affected promotion of flowering and stem elongation by far-red lighting or heating treatments on end of day under limited sunshine from autumn to winter","authors":"Y. Takemura, M. Kishimoto, F. Tamura","doi":"10.17221/174/2018-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/174/2018-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of a brief exposure to treatments of end-of-day (EOD) far-red (FR) light and EOD-heating on flowering and stem elongation in certain species cultivated in areas with limited sunshine from autumn to winter has been investigated. Thirteen EOD-FR treated cultivars among all 24 cultivars tested in experiment 1, showed earlier flowering than control plants. Additionally, Kanzaki No.21, F1 Winter cherry and Gypsy deep rose were earlier to flower under the all night-FR treatment than under the EOD-FR treatment. Further, 13 cultivars among all cultivars tested in experiment 1 showed greater stem length, whereas 16 cultivars of them showed greater mean internode length than controls when treated with EOD-FR. The days to flowering in 13 cultivars treated by EOD-Heating, flowering was earlier than in controls. Also, stem length and mean internode length were also promoted by the same treatment in 7 cultivars. Additionally, flowering and stem elongation of Stella rose, Arizona sun, Suzuhime and Extra carmine rose were promoted by a combination of both treatments, and productivity and quality were improved. These results suggest that the treatments tested can help the production of cut-flowers in areas with limited sunshine from autumn to winter, although the method of application of the treatments must be optimized for each species.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"169-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/174/2018-hortsci","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.17221/139/2019-HORTSCI
Marco Antonio Villegas Olguín, M. C. L. Fuente, A. Mendoza, Antonio Juárez Maldonado, Alberto Sandoval Rangel, E. Cusimamani
Water stress decreases the quality of fruit by generating reactive oxygen species. Grafting is a technique that can improve the efficiency of crop water usage. This work was performed in order to assess the effect of different water stresses on the commercial and nutraceutical quality of a melon fruit. Cantaloupe melon plants, grown under shade houses were grafted onto a creole pumpkin rootstock and grown with different water stresses (20, 30, and 40 kPa). The grafted melon plants under 30-kPa water stress (G30) showed greater fruit firmness and increased catalase activity. The G30 fruits showed an increase in GPX activity of up to 80% over the non-grafted plants. The GSH was higher in fruits subjected to the 40-kPa water tension. The superoxide dismutase showed a 15% greater inhibition in the fruits from the non-grafted plants. At higher water tensions, the DPPH antioxidant activity decreased, while the vitamin C content increased.
{"title":"Commercial and nutraceutical quality of grafted melon cultivated under hydric stress","authors":"Marco Antonio Villegas Olguín, M. C. L. Fuente, A. Mendoza, Antonio Juárez Maldonado, Alberto Sandoval Rangel, E. Cusimamani","doi":"10.17221/139/2019-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/139/2019-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"Water stress decreases the quality of fruit by generating reactive oxygen species. Grafting is a technique that can improve the efficiency of crop water usage. This work was performed in order to assess the effect of different water stresses on the commercial and nutraceutical quality of a melon fruit. Cantaloupe melon plants, grown under shade houses were grafted onto a creole pumpkin rootstock and grown with different water stresses (20, 30, and 40 kPa). The grafted melon plants under 30-kPa water stress (G30) showed greater fruit firmness and increased catalase activity. The G30 fruits showed an increase in GPX activity of up to 80% over the non-grafted plants. The GSH was higher in fruits subjected to the 40-kPa water tension. The superoxide dismutase showed a 15% greater inhibition in the fruits from the non-grafted plants. At higher water tensions, the DPPH antioxidant activity decreased, while the vitamin C content increased.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"139-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/139/2019-HORTSCI","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45254313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.17221/166/2018-hortsci
A. Krzymińska, J. Bocianowski, Katarzyna Mądrachowska
As a popular and excellent place for plants, balconies enable people easy access to and close contact with nature, thus forming an integral part of the urban green infrastructure. The aim of the study was to assess the use of plants on balconies of detached houses and blocks of flats in the small Polish town of Sieraków. Plants were grown on about 33% of the balconies of detached houses and on 51% of the balconies of blocks of flats. Most of the balconies were decorated with one plant species only and the plants were most frequently placed on the railing. The most popular plant species were Pelargonium peltatum (L.) L’Hér., Pelargonium zonale (L.) L’Hér. and Petunia × atkinsiana D. Don. There were no large differences between both the building types as regards to the balcony decoration.
{"title":"The use of plants on balconies in the city","authors":"A. Krzymińska, J. Bocianowski, Katarzyna Mądrachowska","doi":"10.17221/166/2018-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/166/2018-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"As a popular and excellent place for plants, balconies enable people easy access to and close contact with nature, thus forming an integral part of the urban green infrastructure. The aim of the study was to assess the use of plants on balconies of detached houses and blocks of flats in the small Polish town of Sieraków. Plants were grown on about 33% of the balconies of detached houses and on 51% of the balconies of blocks of flats. Most of the balconies were decorated with one plant species only and the plants were most frequently placed on the railing. The most popular plant species were Pelargonium peltatum (L.) L’Hér., Pelargonium zonale (L.) L’Hér. and Petunia × atkinsiana D. Don. There were no large differences between both the building types as regards to the balcony decoration.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"180-187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/166/2018-hortsci","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48092824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.17221/81/2018-HORTSCI
A. Kalisz, A. Sękara, R. Pokluda, A. Jezdinský, J. Neugebauerova, A. Grabowska, Rita Jurkow, K. Slezák
This study evaluated sage (Salvia officinalis L.) genotypes (cultivars: ‘Berggarten’, ‘Icterina’, ‘Purpurascens’, ‘Tricolor’, local Czech accessions from the Lednice region, South Moravia: ‘LDN-1’ and ‘LDN-2’) subjected to chilling (4 °C, 2 weeks, 18 °C ‒ control) for comparison of antioxidant defence systems. Chilling caused the most significant increase in the peroxidase activity in ‘Purpurascens’ and ‘Tricolor’, by 108.5% and 15.7%, respectively, while the catalase was unaffected by the low temperature. The phenolics increased in ‘Purpurascens’ and ‘LDN-1’ by 17.2% and 18.1%, respectively, and decreased in ‘LDN-2’ and ‘Tricolor’, by 10.6% and 11.7%, respectively, as a result of the chilling. In the sage treated with chilling, the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH•) was higher (by 3%, on average), especially in ‘Berggarten’, ‘Icterina’, and ‘Purpurascens’, than in the control. However, the chilled ‘LDN-2’ and ‘Tricolor’ showed lower antioxidant∙ activity in comparison to the control. The malondialdehyde remained stable or was higher in the control, with the only exception being ‘LDN-1’, where its content increased by 11.4% in the chilled sage. In most genotypes, the content of the dry weight increased in the chilled plants by 9.4% on average. The responses of ‘Icterina’ and ‘Purpurascens’ to the low temperature was the most significant, but resulted from different physiological mechanisms. ‘Purpurascens’ showed the highest increase in the peroxidase activity due to the chilling, while the highest increase in the antioxidant activity was observed for ‘Icterina’.
{"title":"Physio-biochemical responses of sage genotypes to chilling","authors":"A. Kalisz, A. Sękara, R. Pokluda, A. Jezdinský, J. Neugebauerova, A. Grabowska, Rita Jurkow, K. Slezák","doi":"10.17221/81/2018-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/81/2018-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated sage (Salvia officinalis L.) genotypes (cultivars: ‘Berggarten’, ‘Icterina’, ‘Purpurascens’, ‘Tricolor’, local Czech accessions from the Lednice region, South Moravia: ‘LDN-1’ and ‘LDN-2’) subjected to chilling (4 °C, 2 weeks, 18 °C ‒ control) for comparison of antioxidant defence systems. Chilling caused the most significant increase in the peroxidase activity in ‘Purpurascens’ and ‘Tricolor’, by 108.5% and 15.7%, respectively, while the catalase was unaffected by the low temperature. The phenolics increased in ‘Purpurascens’ and ‘LDN-1’ by 17.2% and 18.1%, respectively, and decreased in ‘LDN-2’ and ‘Tricolor’, by 10.6% and 11.7%, respectively, as a result of the chilling. In the sage treated with chilling, the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH•) was higher (by 3%, on average), especially in ‘Berggarten’, ‘Icterina’, and ‘Purpurascens’, than in the control. However, the chilled ‘LDN-2’ and ‘Tricolor’ showed lower antioxidant∙ activity in comparison to the control. The malondialdehyde remained stable or was higher in the control, with the only exception being ‘LDN-1’, where its content increased by 11.4% in the chilled sage. In most genotypes, the content of the dry weight increased in the chilled plants by 9.4% on average. The responses of ‘Icterina’ and ‘Purpurascens’ to the low temperature was the most significant, but resulted from different physiological mechanisms. ‘Purpurascens’ showed the highest increase in the peroxidase activity due to the chilling, while the highest increase in the antioxidant activity was observed for ‘Icterina’.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"158-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/81/2018-HORTSCI","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44702443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.17221/78/2019-hortsci
R. Wojciechowska, A. Kołton, Olga Długosz-Grochowska, E. Kunicki, Katarzyna Mrowiec, Paweł Bathelt
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used for the spring greenhouse cultivation of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) ‘Milar F1’ and tomato (S. lycopersicon L.) ‘Benito F1’ transplants. Seedlings were grown under natural light conditions with the supplemental LED light. A 16-h photoperiod provided plants with a DLI of 12.6 (eggplant) and 9.6 (tomato) mol m2/day. Four supplemental light spectra were tested: L1 (90% red + 10% blue); L2 (80% red + 20% blue); L3 (43% red + 42% blue+15% green) and L4 (56% red + 26% blue + 15% green + 3% UV-A). The PPFD in each LED light treatment was 150 ± 20 µmol/m2·s. Compared to the control plants (without LED lighting), the eggplant transplants had about a 25% larger leaf area and a higher level of total phenol content as well as a higher antiradical scavenging activity under the L1 spectrum. The favourable spectrum for the tomato transplants consisted of red to blue in a ratio of 1 : 1 mixed with a green light (L3) – the leaves were characterised by a higher content of dry matter, soluble sugars, photosynthetic pigments and total phenols; also the radical scavenging activity increased in comparison to the control group. It was shown that the supplemental irradiation of transplants was economically acceptable.
{"title":"LED lighting affected the growth and metabolism of eggplant and tomato transplants in a greenhouse","authors":"R. Wojciechowska, A. Kołton, Olga Długosz-Grochowska, E. Kunicki, Katarzyna Mrowiec, Paweł Bathelt","doi":"10.17221/78/2019-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/78/2019-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used for the spring greenhouse cultivation of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) ‘Milar F1’ and tomato (S. lycopersicon L.) ‘Benito F1’ transplants. Seedlings were grown under natural light conditions with the supplemental LED light. A 16-h photoperiod provided plants with a DLI of 12.6 (eggplant) and 9.6 (tomato) mol m2/day. Four supplemental light spectra were tested: L1 (90% red + 10% blue); L2 (80% red + 20% blue); L3 (43% red + 42% blue+15% green) and L4 (56% red + 26% blue + 15% green + 3% UV-A). The PPFD in each LED light treatment was 150 ± 20 µmol/m2·s. Compared to the control plants (without LED lighting), the eggplant transplants had about a 25% larger leaf area and a higher level of total phenol content as well as a higher antiradical scavenging activity under the L1 spectrum. The favourable spectrum for the tomato transplants consisted of red to blue in a ratio of 1 : 1 mixed with a green light (L3) – the leaves were characterised by a higher content of dry matter, soluble sugars, photosynthetic pigments and total phenols; also the radical scavenging activity increased in comparison to the control group. It was shown that the supplemental irradiation of transplants was economically acceptable. ","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/78/2019-hortsci","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46645274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Trzewik, T. Orlikowska, W. Kowalczyk, R. Maciorowski, A. Marasek-Ciołakowska, E. Klocke
Experiments were carried out to study the consequences of inoculating Rhododendron ‘Nova Zembla’ and ‘Alfred’ microcuttings and young plants with Serendipita indica (formerly Piriformospora indica), an endophytic fungus. The inoculation at the in vitro rooting stage decreased the in vitro root and shoot quality, but after planting microplants in a greenhouse in a non-fertilised peat substrate, the plants grew 33% taller, with 10% more leaves and with more abundant roots in comparison with the non-inoculated microplants. The young plants rooted in vitro, acclimated in a greenhouse in a peat substrate and inoculated with S. indica at the time of the transplantation to the pots displayed, after 15 months, an increase in the shoot lengths by 35% and 13%, depending on the cultivar, in the leaf number by 47% and in the chlorophyll content by 31% when compared with the non-inoculated plants. The beneficial effect of S. indica on the young Rhododendron plants indicates the possibility of its practical use in the nursery production of this plant.
{"title":"Stimulation of ex vitro growth of Rhododendron hybrids ‘Nova Zembla’ and ‘Alfred’ by inoculation of roots with Serendipita indica","authors":"A. Trzewik, T. Orlikowska, W. Kowalczyk, R. Maciorowski, A. Marasek-Ciołakowska, E. Klocke","doi":"10.17221/7/2020-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/7/2020-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were carried out to study the consequences of inoculating Rhododendron ‘Nova Zembla’ and ‘Alfred’ microcuttings and young plants with Serendipita indica (formerly Piriformospora indica), an endophytic fungus. The inoculation at the in vitro rooting stage decreased the in vitro root and shoot quality, but after planting microplants in a greenhouse in a non-fertilised peat substrate, the plants grew 33% taller, with 10% more leaves and with more abundant roots in comparison with the non-inoculated microplants. The young plants rooted in vitro, acclimated in a greenhouse in a peat substrate and inoculated with S. indica at the time of the transplantation to the pots displayed, after 15 months, an increase in the shoot lengths by 35% and 13%, depending on the cultivar, in the leaf number by 47% and in the chlorophyll content by 31% when compared with the non-inoculated plants. The beneficial effect of S. indica on the young Rhododendron plants indicates the possibility of its practical use in the nursery production of this plant.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41490799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-16DOI: 10.17221/18/2020-hortsci
J. Wolf
This study included twenty-three samples of minor fruit species and twenty-three plum cultivars. First of all, the pomological properties of the plum cultivars were assessed, where the cultivar ‘Aphrodite’ was determined as the cultivar with the biggest fruits (56.6 g). The selected nutritional properties were subsequently determined in all forty-six samples. The highest value of the total soluble solids in the plums was 27.3 % in ‘Stanley’ (Prunus domestica) and 26.1 % in ‘Krasavica’ (Sorbus aucuparia) in the minor fruits; the highest total content of ascorbic acid in the plums was 83.3 mg/100 g in ‘Stanley’ (P. domestica) and 622.9 mg/100 g in ‘Krasavica’ (S. aucuparia) in the minor fruits; the highest total phenolic content in the plums was 429.8 mg GAE/100 g in ‘Fortune’ (Prunus salicina) and 45.3 mg GAE/100 g in the minor fruits and 983.9 mg GAE/100 g in ‘Vydubecký’ (Cornus mas); the highest total flavonoid content in the plums was 291.5 mg CE/100 g in ‘Fortune’ (P. salicina) and 544.7 mg CE/100 g in ‘Nero’ (Sorbus melanocarpa) in the minor fruits, and the highest total antioxidant activity in the plums was 809.5 mg TE/100 g in the hybrid ‘SLE2014/2’ (P. domestica × P. salicina) and 849.8 mg TE/100 g in ‘Amfora’ (Lonicera edulis) in the minor fruits.
{"title":"Determination of the pomological and nutritional properties of selected plum cultivars and minor fruit species","authors":"J. Wolf","doi":"10.17221/18/2020-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/18/2020-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"This study included twenty-three samples of minor fruit species and twenty-three plum cultivars. First of all, the pomological properties of the plum cultivars were assessed, where the cultivar ‘Aphrodite’ was determined as the cultivar with the biggest fruits (56.6 g). The selected nutritional properties were subsequently determined in all forty-six samples. The highest value of the total soluble solids in the plums was 27.3 % in ‘Stanley’ (Prunus domestica) and 26.1 % in ‘Krasavica’ (Sorbus aucuparia) in the minor fruits; the highest total content of ascorbic acid in the plums was 83.3 mg/100 g in ‘Stanley’ (P. domestica) and 622.9 mg/100 g in ‘Krasavica’ (S. aucuparia) in the minor fruits; the highest total phenolic content in the plums was 429.8 mg GAE/100 g in ‘Fortune’ (Prunus salicina) and 45.3 mg GAE/100 g in the minor fruits and 983.9 mg GAE/100 g in ‘Vydubecký’ (Cornus mas); the highest total flavonoid content in the plums was 291.5 mg CE/100 g in ‘Fortune’ (P. salicina) and 544.7 mg CE/100 g in ‘Nero’ (Sorbus melanocarpa) in the minor fruits, and the highest total antioxidant activity in the plums was 809.5 mg TE/100 g in the hybrid ‘SLE2014/2’ (P. domestica × P. salicina) and 849.8 mg TE/100 g in ‘Amfora’ (Lonicera edulis) in the minor fruits.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48431199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.17221/102/2018-hortsci
S. Głuszek, E. Derkowska, L. Paszt, M. Sitarek, B. Sumorok
The experiment assessed the influence of various biofertilizers and biostimulants on the growth characteristics of the root system, its colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the yielding of sweet cherry trees in field conditions. The experiment, conducted in Pomological Orchard of Research Institute of Horticulture located in Skierniewice during 2011–2014, involved the use of a mycorrhizal substrate, organic fertilizers and biostimulant in randomised block design. The control combination consisted of plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers (NPK). The use of the organic fertilizer BF Ekomix in dose 100 g per tree each year in the spring significantly increased the number of root tips in comparison with the control trees. There was also a tendency for the roots to lengthen and increase their surface area under the influence of this biofertilizer. In addition, the inoculation of roots with the mycorrhizal substrate in dose 200 g per tree per year stimulated the colonization of the roots of sweet cherry trees by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which in turn led to improved root growth parameters.
{"title":"Influence of bioproducts and mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and yielding of sweet cherry trees","authors":"S. Głuszek, E. Derkowska, L. Paszt, M. Sitarek, B. Sumorok","doi":"10.17221/102/2018-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/102/2018-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment assessed the influence of various biofertilizers and biostimulants on the growth characteristics of the root system, its colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the yielding of sweet cherry trees in field conditions. The experiment, conducted in Pomological Orchard of Research Institute of Horticulture located in Skierniewice during 2011–2014, involved the use of a mycorrhizal substrate, organic fertilizers and biostimulant in randomised block design. The control combination consisted of plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers (NPK). The use of the organic fertilizer BF Ekomix in dose 100 g per tree each year in the spring significantly increased the number of root tips in comparison with the control trees. There was also a tendency for the roots to lengthen and increase their surface area under the influence of this biofertilizer. In addition, the inoculation of roots with the mycorrhizal substrate in dose 200 g per tree per year stimulated the colonization of the roots of sweet cherry trees by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which in turn led to improved root growth parameters.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/102/2018-hortsci","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48705328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.17221/21/2019-hortsci
Ivana Barošová, M. Šantrůčková, P. Matiska, A. Baroš
The cultural landscape and its particular features have become appreciated as common components of human heritage (Lowenthal 2007). Several tools for the identification of historical and cultural landscape values have been developed (Šantrůčková, Weber 2016). A typical plant community structure and traditional plants contribute to the regional identity of the local people (Chromý et al. 2014). Traditional plant varieties are important not only for local history, but also for their ecological value. Traditional plants are native or acclimatised and protect the genetic diversity (Camacho Villa et al. 2006). Fruit trees are the most studied group because of their economic value and long life (Zeven 1998; Kellerhals et al. 2012), but the diversity of perennial and annual plants has also increased. This diversity is now endangered by the uniform production of big plant nurseries (Camacho Villa et al. 2006). The aim of this study is to complete this information for perennials to expand the findings on village greenery. The focus of this paper is on the traditional perennial plants in the Bohemian and Moravian countryside. Both private and public spaces are highly variable; mainly, we focused on private front gardens, gardens and central green public spaces. The question is, which perennials are typical for the Czech countryside and if there are regional differences according to the natural conditions (Kendal et al. 2012). Ornamental perennials in small rural settlements: a case study from the Czech Republic
{"title":"Ornamental perennials in small rural settlements: a case study from the Czech Republic","authors":"Ivana Barošová, M. Šantrůčková, P. Matiska, A. Baroš","doi":"10.17221/21/2019-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/21/2019-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"The cultural landscape and its particular features have become appreciated as common components of human heritage (Lowenthal 2007). Several tools for the identification of historical and cultural landscape values have been developed (Šantrůčková, Weber 2016). A typical plant community structure and traditional plants contribute to the regional identity of the local people (Chromý et al. 2014). Traditional plant varieties are important not only for local history, but also for their ecological value. Traditional plants are native or acclimatised and protect the genetic diversity (Camacho Villa et al. 2006). Fruit trees are the most studied group because of their economic value and long life (Zeven 1998; Kellerhals et al. 2012), but the diversity of perennial and annual plants has also increased. This diversity is now endangered by the uniform production of big plant nurseries (Camacho Villa et al. 2006). The aim of this study is to complete this information for perennials to expand the findings on village greenery. The focus of this paper is on the traditional perennial plants in the Bohemian and Moravian countryside. Both private and public spaces are highly variable; mainly, we focused on private front gardens, gardens and central green public spaces. The question is, which perennials are typical for the Czech countryside and if there are regional differences according to the natural conditions (Kendal et al. 2012). Ornamental perennials in small rural settlements: a case study from the Czech Republic","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"130-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/21/2019-hortsci","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49488618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.17221/136/2018-hortsci
R. Tůma, J. Goliáš
Cabbage heads stored in containers in a high-capacity cooling room were evaluated by the half-cooling times. The temperature of the heads and the surrounding air in their immediate vicinity was measured by a puncture thermometer. The shortest half-cooling times were measured in the immediate vicinity of the evaporator; in contrast, very long half-cooling times were measured in a container on the opposite side of the cooling room. The measured values were longer by one order of magnitude. When cabbage heads are inside the container furthest from the evaporator, without being covered by a layer of stacked containers, then the heat transfer passes directly into the ambient air, thus, the half-cooling times in this container were not the longest. The head cabbage cooling, evaluated by the half-cooling time (in hours) and the end of cooling time (in hours), in the chambers to a storage temperature (0 °C) are directly proportional. The heads in a container 14 m from the evaporator, in the bottom position, but not covered by other containers had a half-cooling time of 194.7 hours, with a total time of 973.5 h, because the air circulating around the container, permanently cooled down the stored heads. The total calculated cooling time will be extended 5.0 times. For the heads in the same position, but 7 m from the evaporator, the heat dissipation at the bottom position was so slow that the half-cooling time was 225 hours, and the total time was 1 125 hours (46.88 days), which was the longest cooling time for the cabbage heads. Kewords: head cabbage; refrigeration; distance of container from evaporator
{"title":"Half-cooling time of cabbage stored in a refrigerated room","authors":"R. Tůma, J. Goliáš","doi":"10.17221/136/2018-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/136/2018-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"Cabbage heads stored in containers in a high-capacity cooling room were evaluated by the half-cooling times. The temperature of the heads and the surrounding air in their immediate vicinity was measured by a puncture thermometer. The shortest half-cooling times were measured in the immediate vicinity of the evaporator; in contrast, very long half-cooling times were measured in a container on the opposite side of the cooling room. The measured values were longer by one order of magnitude. When cabbage heads are inside the container furthest from the evaporator, without being covered by a layer of stacked containers, then the heat transfer passes directly into the ambient air, thus, the half-cooling times in this container were not the longest. The head cabbage cooling, evaluated by the half-cooling time (in hours) and the end of cooling time (in hours), in the chambers to a storage temperature (0 °C) are directly proportional. The heads in a container 14 m from the evaporator, in the bottom position, but not covered by other containers had a half-cooling time of 194.7 hours, with a total time of 973.5 h, because the air circulating around the container, permanently cooled down the stored heads. The total calculated cooling time will be extended 5.0 times. For the heads in the same position, but 7 m from the evaporator, the heat dissipation at the bottom position was so slow that the half-cooling time was 225 hours, and the total time was 1 125 hours (46.88 days), which was the longest cooling time for the cabbage heads. Kewords: head cabbage; refrigeration; distance of container from evaporator","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"93-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17221/136/2018-hortsci","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41641413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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