Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.17221/69/2020-HORTSCI
V. Sota, C. Benelli, Brunilda Ҫuko, Elektra Papakosta, C. Depaoli, M. Lambardi, E. Kongjika
Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., an economically-important fruit tree, is native to Albania and in many parts of Europe. It is cultivated as an ornamental tree, while its fruits are collected for food and a source of antioxidant substances. It is included in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. For these reasons, it is very important to optimise a micropropagation protocol, in order to obtain great numbers of clonal plantlets for ex situ conservation and production purposes. A liquid culture in a temporary immersion system (TIS) is a recently-proposed system for large-scale in vitro plant propagation. In this study, lateral buds of M. sylvestris were inoculated in MS medium with BAP (1 mg/L) and NAA (0.1 mg/L). In order to avoid oxidative stress, different antioxidants were previously tested with the culture in a gelled medium, and the combination of ascorbic acid and citric acid (both at 100 mg/L) was selected for the following culture in TIS. Stabilised explants were then cultivated in ElecTIS, an innovative TIS bioreactor, and in a semisolid medium, after which the two culture systems were evaluated. Overall, the ElecTIS showed to be more effective for all the tested parameters.
{"title":"Evaluation of ElecTIS bioreactor for the micropropagation of Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., an important autochthonous species of Albania","authors":"V. Sota, C. Benelli, Brunilda Ҫuko, Elektra Papakosta, C. Depaoli, M. Lambardi, E. Kongjika","doi":"10.17221/69/2020-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/69/2020-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., an economically-important fruit tree, is native to Albania and in many parts of Europe. It is cultivated as an ornamental tree, while its fruits are collected for food and a source of antioxidant substances. It is included in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. For these reasons, it is very important to optimise a micropropagation protocol, in order to obtain great numbers of clonal plantlets for ex situ conservation and production purposes. A liquid culture in a temporary immersion system (TIS) is a recently-proposed system for large-scale in vitro plant propagation. In this study, lateral buds of M. sylvestris were inoculated in MS medium with BAP (1 mg/L) and NAA (0.1 mg/L). In order to avoid oxidative stress, different antioxidants were previously tested with the culture in a gelled medium, and the combination of ascorbic acid and citric acid (both at 100 mg/L) was selected for the following culture in TIS. Stabilised explants were then cultivated in ElecTIS, an innovative TIS bioreactor, and in a semisolid medium, after which the two culture systems were evaluated. Overall, the ElecTIS showed to be more effective for all the tested parameters.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49461118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In an experiment with tomato and cucumber transplants, light units equipped with purpose-built LED arrays were compared with HPS sodium lamps with a power of 600 W and a voltage of 230 V. For both the LED and HPS lamps, the same PAR radiation level was used at the plant height, which was about 70–80 μmol/m2/s in conditions without daylight. The supplementary lighting was carried out for 8 to 24 hours and was switched on during the day when the solar radiation outside the greenhouse was lower than 200 W/m2. The supplementary lighting with the LED and HPS lamps did not have a significant impact on the growth of the tomato and cucumber seedlings and the fresh and dry mass of the tomato and cucumber plants. The plants grown without the additional artificial lighting were significantly smaller in height, had fewer leaves, a smaller spread and produced lower fresh and dry weights. The tomato and cucumber plants grown under the LED lamps had a higher chlorophyll index than those grown under the HPS lamps and without any lighting. The supplementary lighting with the LED lamps increased the early yield of the tomatoes compared to the HPS and control plants but has no effect on the early yield of the cucumbers. Both the LED and HPS lighting significantly increased the total and marketable yield of the tomatoes and cucumbers.
{"title":"Effects of LED and HPS lighting on the growth, seedling morphology and yield of greenhouse tomatoes and cucumbers","authors":"J. Dyśko, Kaniszewski Stanisław","doi":"10.17221/4/2020-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/4/2020-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"In an experiment with tomato and cucumber transplants, light units equipped with purpose-built LED arrays were compared with HPS sodium lamps with a power of 600 W and a voltage of 230 V. For both the LED and HPS lamps, the same PAR radiation level was used at the plant height, which was about 70–80 μmol/m2/s in conditions without daylight. The supplementary lighting was carried out for 8 to 24 hours and was switched on during the day when the solar radiation outside the greenhouse was lower than 200 W/m2. The supplementary lighting with the LED and HPS lamps did not have a significant impact on the growth of the tomato and cucumber seedlings and the fresh and dry mass of the tomato and cucumber plants. The plants grown without the additional artificial lighting were significantly smaller in height, had fewer leaves, a smaller spread and produced lower fresh and dry weights. The tomato and cucumber plants grown under the LED lamps had a higher chlorophyll index than those grown under the HPS lamps and without any lighting. The supplementary lighting with the LED lamps increased the early yield of the tomatoes compared to the HPS and control plants but has no effect on the early yield of the cucumbers. Both the LED and HPS lighting significantly increased the total and marketable yield of the tomatoes and cucumbers.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49310990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.17221/21/2020-HORTSCI
M. Błażewicz-Woźniak, Agnieszka Rybicka, M. Fil
Ornamental cabbages are cultivars of cabbages grown for decorative purposes due to the varied shape and colour of their internal leaves. The aim of the study was to determine the course of growth and to assess the decorative and nutritional value of two cultivars of ornamental cabbage (‘Pigeon Red’, ‘Coral Prince’) grown in a flowerbed along with annual plants: the French marigold (Tagetes patula nana L.) and flossflower (Ageratum houstonianum Mill.), using a pine bark mulch. The impact of the marigold and flossflower on the cabbage height and foliage changed with the plant growth. Cabbages growing without the proximity to the other species had the smallest diameter and formed the least leaves; and the plant’s height was lower in September. The cabbage height, foliage and leaf colour were modified by the weather in the subsequent years of research. The proximity of the marigold or flossflower and mulching of the soil with bark did not affect the colour of the leaves. The nutritional value of the ornamental cabbage was high, and the content of the mineral components in the leaves depended largely on their colour. The coloured leaves were more abundant in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium, while the green leaves contained more calcium and sulfur, and slightly more dry matter.
{"title":"Growth, decorative and nutritional values of ornamental cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) in flowerbed conditions","authors":"M. Błażewicz-Woźniak, Agnieszka Rybicka, M. Fil","doi":"10.17221/21/2020-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/21/2020-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"Ornamental cabbages are cultivars of cabbages grown for decorative purposes due to the varied shape and colour of their internal leaves. The aim of the study was to determine the course of growth and to assess the decorative and nutritional value of two cultivars of ornamental cabbage (‘Pigeon Red’, ‘Coral Prince’) grown in a flowerbed along with annual plants: the French marigold (Tagetes patula nana L.) and flossflower (Ageratum houstonianum Mill.), using a pine bark mulch. The impact of the marigold and flossflower on the cabbage height and foliage changed with the plant growth. Cabbages growing without the proximity to the other species had the smallest diameter and formed the least leaves; and the plant’s height was lower in September. The cabbage height, foliage and leaf colour were modified by the weather in the subsequent years of research. The proximity of the marigold or flossflower and mulching of the soil with bark did not affect the colour of the leaves. The nutritional value of the ornamental cabbage was high, and the content of the mineral components in the leaves depended largely on their colour. The coloured leaves were more abundant in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium, while the green leaves contained more calcium and sulfur, and slightly more dry matter.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"30-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41505294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.17221/85/2019-HORTSCI
Á. M. Felicísimo, I. Armendâriz, Virginia Alberdi Nieves
Xylotrechus arvicola is an emerging grape pest that generates serious sanitary problems in vineyards and is currently expanding its range throughout Spain. The increasing prevalence of this pest in Spanish vineyards has been detected since 1990. In this study, the relationship between the climate and the actual distribution of the beetle was analysed, as well as how this distribution might change in the future according to several climate change models. The methodology was based on predictive models (SDM; species distribution modelling) using climate variables as explanatory factors, although the relationships were not necessarily causal. Maxent was used as the SDM method. The current climatic niche was calculated, and the actual potential distribution area was estimated. The relationships between the climate variables and the species probability of the presence were projected to various future climate change scenarios. The main conclusions reached were that climate change will favour the expansion of X. arvicola and that the potential infestation zones will be extended significantly. Although the results, because they were based on hypothetical climate frameworks that are under constant revision, were not conclusive, they should be taken into consideration when defining future strategies in the wine industry.
{"title":"Modelling the potential effects of climate change in the distribution of Xylotrechus arvicola in Spain","authors":"Á. M. Felicísimo, I. Armendâriz, Virginia Alberdi Nieves","doi":"10.17221/85/2019-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/85/2019-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"Xylotrechus arvicola is an emerging grape pest that generates serious sanitary problems in vineyards and is currently expanding its range throughout Spain. The increasing prevalence of this pest in Spanish vineyards has been detected since 1990. In this study, the relationship between the climate and the actual distribution of the beetle was analysed, as well as how this distribution might change in the future according to several climate change models. The methodology was based on predictive models (SDM; species distribution modelling) using climate variables as explanatory factors, although the relationships were not necessarily causal. Maxent was used as the SDM method. The current climatic niche was calculated, and the actual potential distribution area was estimated. The relationships between the climate variables and the species probability of the presence were projected to various future climate change scenarios. The main conclusions reached were that climate change will favour the expansion of X. arvicola and that the potential infestation zones will be extended significantly. Although the results, because they were based on hypothetical climate frameworks that are under constant revision, were not conclusive, they should be taken into consideration when defining future strategies in the wine industry.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"38-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41972743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.17221/45/2020-HORTSCI
V. H. Zuazo, D. F. Tarifa, B. C. Rodríguez, B. G. Ruíz, P. C. Sacristan, S. C. Tavira, I. García-Tejero
Mediterranean farming is facing increasing periods of water shortage and, in the coming decades, the water reduction is expected to exert the most adverse impact upon growth and productivity. This study was performed to assess the response of the physico-biochemical quality parameters of mango fruits to different doses of irrigation in a Mediterranean subtropical area in Spain. During two-monitoring seasons, trees were subjected to deficit-irrigation strategies receiving 33, 50, and 75% of a crop evapotranspiration (ETC), and a control at 100% ETC. According to the findings and respect to control, the yield was reduced in 8, 11, and 20% for the water-stressed trees at 75, 50, and 33% ETC, respectively, producing smaller fruits in line with the amount of applied irrigation. However, the water-stressed fruits significantly enhanced their quality, in particular at 33% ETC, with regards to the content of the health-promoting phytochemicals (total soluble solids, vitamin C, and β-carotenoids). Thus, sustainable water management without a detrimental effect on the yield could be possible, and farmers should be encouraged to adapt to the environmental constraints, producing improved quality fruits.
{"title":"Mango fruit quality improvements in response to water stress: implications for adaptation under environmental constraints","authors":"V. H. Zuazo, D. F. Tarifa, B. C. Rodríguez, B. G. Ruíz, P. C. Sacristan, S. C. Tavira, I. García-Tejero","doi":"10.17221/45/2020-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/45/2020-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"Mediterranean farming is facing increasing periods of water shortage and, in the coming decades, the water reduction is expected to exert the most adverse impact upon growth and productivity. This study was performed to assess the response of the physico-biochemical quality parameters of mango fruits to different doses of irrigation in a Mediterranean subtropical area in Spain. During two-monitoring seasons, trees were subjected to deficit-irrigation strategies receiving 33, 50, and 75% of a crop evapotranspiration (ETC), and a control at 100% ETC. According to the findings and respect to control, the yield was reduced in 8, 11, and 20% for the water-stressed trees at 75, 50, and 33% ETC, respectively, producing smaller fruits in line with the amount of applied irrigation. However, the water-stressed fruits significantly enhanced their quality, in particular at 33% ETC, with regards to the content of the health-promoting phytochemicals (total soluble solids, vitamin C, and β-carotenoids). Thus, sustainable water management without a detrimental effect on the yield could be possible, and farmers should be encouraged to adapt to the environmental constraints, producing improved quality fruits.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48747847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.17221/65/2020-HORTSCI
I. Guţă, E. Buciumeanu
Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) has been identified in many grape growing countries of the world since 2012. The aim of this work was to investigate the presence of GPGV on some accessions collected from a germplasm collection, in addition to the propagation material and clonal selection samples. During 2019–2020, a total of 199 samples have been analysed by a double antibody sandwich – enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the presence of GPGV, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1+3 (GLRaV-1+3) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV). Among them, 107 samples (53.76%) showed a GPGV-infection, associated with or without symptoms on the leaves (deformations, chlorosis, mosaic, wrinkles) or stunting plants. The distribution of infected varieties showed a high rate of infection in old varieties (37.38%), followed by clones (32.71%), rootstocks (11.21%), clonal selections (9.35%) and new varieties (9.35%). The tests revealed the association of GPGV with GFkV (5 cases) and GLRaV-1+3 (2 cases). GPGV should be included in the rules of grapevine certification schemes for the production of virus-free mother plants.
{"title":"Grapevine Pinot gris virus infecting grapevines in Romania - Short Communicaiton","authors":"I. Guţă, E. Buciumeanu","doi":"10.17221/65/2020-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/65/2020-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) has been identified in many grape growing countries of the world since 2012. The aim of this work was to investigate the presence of GPGV on some accessions collected from a germplasm collection, in addition to the propagation material and clonal selection samples. During 2019–2020, a total of 199 samples have been analysed by a double antibody sandwich – enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the presence of GPGV, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1+3 (GLRaV-1+3) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV). Among them, 107 samples (53.76%) showed a GPGV-infection, associated with or without symptoms on the leaves (deformations, chlorosis, mosaic, wrinkles) or stunting plants. The distribution of infected varieties showed a high rate of infection in old varieties (37.38%), followed by clones (32.71%), rootstocks (11.21%), clonal selections (9.35%) and new varieties (9.35%). The tests revealed the association of GPGV with GFkV (5 cases) and GLRaV-1+3 (2 cases). GPGV should be included in the rules of grapevine certification schemes for the production of virus-free mother plants.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45636689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-26DOI: 10.17221/142/2020-hortsci
D. Kucharska, T. Orlikowska, R. Maciorowski, M. Kunka, Angelika Niewiadomska-Wnuk
Short storage of in vitro cultures under slow-growth conditions is included in the commercial large-scale micropropagation process. It is dictated by the organizational scheme that provides temporary stop multiplication of shoots for some months. To avoid subculturing to fresh media every 4 weeks, which is obligatory for gooseberry, they can be kept in conditions that protect them from ageing, by slowing down their metabolism. To develop a rational schedule of gooseberry micropropagation, two experiments were used to adopt a temperature and length of time for storage. The best results were obtained with storage conditions at 2 °C for two or four months for proliferating cultures. Under these conditions, the percentage of necrotic shoots was low (< 10%), and shoot proliferation in the subsequent passages was at a level similar to proliferation cultures incubated in the growth room and sub-cultured monthly. The rate of shoots > 1 cm was higher than in the control in the growth room. Storage at 4 °C increased the probability of necrotic shoots up to 80% and decreased the number of all shoots and shoots > 1 cm in subsequent passages.
{"title":"Storage of proliferating gooseberry cultures under slow growth conditions","authors":"D. Kucharska, T. Orlikowska, R. Maciorowski, M. Kunka, Angelika Niewiadomska-Wnuk","doi":"10.17221/142/2020-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/142/2020-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"Short storage of in vitro cultures under slow-growth conditions is included in the commercial large-scale micropropagation process. It is dictated by the organizational scheme that provides temporary stop multiplication of shoots for some months. To avoid subculturing to fresh media every 4 weeks, which is obligatory for gooseberry, they can be kept in conditions that protect them from ageing, by slowing down their metabolism. To develop a rational schedule of gooseberry micropropagation, two experiments were used to adopt a temperature and length of time for storage. The best results were obtained with storage conditions at 2 °C for two or four months for proliferating cultures. Under these conditions, the percentage of necrotic shoots was low (< 10%), and shoot proliferation in the subsequent passages was at a level similar to proliferation cultures incubated in the growth room and sub-cultured monthly. The rate of shoots > 1 cm was higher than in the control in the growth room. Storage at 4 °C increased the probability of necrotic shoots up to 80% and decreased the number of all shoots and shoots > 1 cm in subsequent passages.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41445203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.17221/86/2019-HORTSCI
G. Castro, G. Perpiñá, B. Picó, C. Esteras
‘Piel de Sapo’ is one of the most consumed market class of melons in the Mediterranean area and it represents an important economic crop in Spain. The ‘Mini PS’ melon breeding line, which bears two main introgressions from the dudaim ‘Queen’s pocket’ melon in the Piel de Sapo genetic background, was evaluated for its fruit quality traits in three environments. Some interesting commercial characteristics were detected, such as a notable decrease in the fruit weight and a rounder shape, compared with Piel de Sapo, while the other quality traits were not altered. Thus, this mini melon line, ideal as a personal melon, may be useful in the development of new melon cultivars.
“Piel de Sapo”是地中海地区消费最多的市场瓜类之一，它代表了西班牙重要的经济作物。以Piel de Sapo遗传背景下的杜达姆“女王口袋”甜瓜为主要遗传基因的“Mini PS”甜瓜选育品系，在3种环境下对其果实品质性状进行了评价。与Piel de Sapo相比，发现了一些有趣的商业特征，如果实重量明显减少，形状更圆，而其他品质性状没有改变。因此，这一小型甜瓜系作为一种理想的个人甜瓜，可能对培育甜瓜新品种有用。
{"title":"‘Mini PS’: A new mini melon breeding line exploiting the “Dudaim” variability – Short Communication","authors":"G. Castro, G. Perpiñá, B. Picó, C. Esteras","doi":"10.17221/86/2019-HORTSCI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/86/2019-HORTSCI","url":null,"abstract":"‘Piel de Sapo’ is one of the most consumed market class of melons in the Mediterranean area and it represents an important economic crop in Spain. The ‘Mini PS’ melon breeding line, which bears two main introgressions from the dudaim ‘Queen’s pocket’ melon in the Piel de Sapo genetic background, was evaluated for its fruit quality traits in three environments. Some interesting commercial characteristics were detected, such as a notable decrease in the fruit weight and a rounder shape, compared with Piel de Sapo, while the other quality traits were not altered. Thus, this mini melon line, ideal as a personal melon, may be useful in the development of new melon cultivars.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"217-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48482234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.17221/35/2019-hortsci
B. Janowska, R. Andrzejak, T. Kosiada
The flowering and quality of Freesia refracta Klatt ‘Argentea’ were assessed after the application of fungi of the Trichoderma genus and assimilation lighting. The assimilation lighting accelerated the flowering of the Freesia refracta ‘Argentea’ plants by 3–4 weeks. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus accelerated the flowering of the Freesia refracta ‘Argentea’ plants with light deficit by about one week. The assimilation lighting resulted in the development of shorter main inflorescence shoots regardless of the fact whether the plants had been treated with the fungi of the Trichoderma genus or not. The assimilation lighting and the fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the development of lateral inflorescence shoots in the ‘Argentea’ cultivar. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the development of flowers in the ‘Argentea’ cultivar. This effect was particularly noticeable when the plants were exposed to the assimilation lighting. The assimilation lighting stimulated the uptake of potassium in the ‘Argentea’ cultivar. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the uptake of phosphorus and calcium in the plants underexposed to light. They also stimulated the uptake of potassium in the plants exposed to the assimilation lighting. The assimilation lighting stimulated the uptake of microelements. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the uptake of iron, manganese and zinc both in the plants exposed to the assimilation lighting and those underexposed to light. The assimilation lighting combined with the treatment with the fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the uptake of copper.
{"title":"The influence of fungi of the Trichoderma genus on the flowering of Freesia refracta Klatt ‘Argentea’ in winter","authors":"B. Janowska, R. Andrzejak, T. Kosiada","doi":"10.17221/35/2019-hortsci","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/35/2019-hortsci","url":null,"abstract":"The flowering and quality of Freesia refracta Klatt ‘Argentea’ were assessed after the application of fungi of the Trichoderma genus and assimilation lighting. The assimilation lighting accelerated the flowering of the Freesia refracta ‘Argentea’ plants by 3–4 weeks. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus accelerated the flowering of the Freesia refracta ‘Argentea’ plants with light deficit by about one week. The assimilation lighting resulted in the development of shorter main inflorescence shoots regardless of the fact whether the plants had been treated with the fungi of the Trichoderma genus or not. The assimilation lighting and the fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the development of lateral inflorescence shoots in the ‘Argentea’ cultivar. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the development of flowers in the ‘Argentea’ cultivar. This effect was particularly noticeable when the plants were exposed to the assimilation lighting. The assimilation lighting stimulated the uptake of potassium in the ‘Argentea’ cultivar. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the uptake of phosphorus and calcium in the plants underexposed to light. They also stimulated the uptake of potassium in the plants exposed to the assimilation lighting. The assimilation lighting stimulated the uptake of microelements. The fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the uptake of iron, manganese and zinc both in the plants exposed to the assimilation lighting and those underexposed to light. The assimilation lighting combined with the treatment with the fungi of the Trichoderma genus stimulated the uptake of copper.","PeriodicalId":13110,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Science","volume":"47 1","pages":"203-210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43936428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.17221/123/2019-hortsci
J. Smessaert, G. Kemenade, Anneleen Arnoys, O. Honnay, W. Keulemans
‘Conference’ (Pyrus communis L.) is a self-incompatible cultivar, although it can also set fruit parthenocarpically. Stimulating parthenocarpy through gibberellin (GA) applications increases the fruit set, but it may also negatively affect the fruit size and shape. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a bumblebee (BB) amendment in combination with a GA treatment on the fruit set and fruit shape of ‘Conference’ pears. In the first experiment, we applied three treatments (GA, GA + BB & control) in a ‘Conference’ monoculture. In the second experiment, we applied two treatments (GA & GA + BB) in a ‘Conference’ orchard inter-planted with ‘Concorde’ as pollinizer trees. Both experiments showed that the GA application and bumblebee supplementation did not affect the fruit set. However, the BB treatment resulted in significantly higher amounts of normally shaped pears. Trees closer to the bumblebee hive had more normal shaped pears than trees further away.
“会议”(Pyrus communis L.)是一种自交不亲和的品种，尽管它也可以单性结果。施用赤霉素(GA)刺激孤雌核可增加坐果量，但也可能对果实大小和形状产生负面影响。本研究的目的是研究大黄蜂(BB)改性剂与GA处理相结合对“会议”梨的坐果和果实形状的影响。在第一个试验中，我们在“会议”单一栽培中应用了三种处理(GA, GA + BB和对照)。在第二个试验中，我们在“会议”果园中间种了“协和”作为授粉树，采用了两种处理(GA和GA + BB)。两项试验均表明，GA施用和大黄蜂添加对坐果没有影响。然而，BB处理导致正常形状梨的数量显著增加。靠近大黄蜂蜂巢的树比远离蜂巢的树有更多正常形状的梨。
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