Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12122
N. Babiker, A. Abakar, N. Mohamed, E. A. Ahmed, Musaab Ahmed, M. H. Ahmed, Abdualmoniem O Musa, Nadir Abuzeid
Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a hepatotropic pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans. It is an important causative agent of viral hepatitis outbreaks. This study investigates the serological and molecular prevalence of HEV in blood donors attending the Central Blood Bank in Wad Medani City in Gezira State, Sudan. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive design. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data concerning demographic information and risk factors associated with HEV transmission. All enrolled participants (N = 300) were screened for HEV IgG antibodies using commercial ELISA kits, then strong positive samples (N = 84) were selected and rescreened for HEV IgM and HEV RNA by RT PCR. SPSS version 24.0 was used for analysis. Results: Out of 300 male participants, 36.3% (109/300) were positive for HEV IgG. However, only one participant was IgM positive, while the HEV RNA was negative. The highest prevalence rates of the virus were 42 (44.6%) among the age group of 31–40 years, 20 (48.8%) in those who consumed food from outside, 13 (50%) in three to four multiple blood donations, and 5 (62.5%) in those who consumed water from the river source. A significant association of HEV IgG prevalence concerning the occupation of the participants being students or farmers was detected using univariate and multivariate analysis (P-value = 0.007). Conclusion: High prevalence of HEV IgG was demonstrated among the healthy blood donors in this study. Given the possibility of HEV transmission by transfusion from donors to recipients, we recommend that routine screening for HEV should be adopted by blood banks in Sudan.
{"title":"Sero-molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis E Virus in Blood Donors, Gezira State, Sudan: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"N. Babiker, A. Abakar, N. Mohamed, E. A. Ahmed, Musaab Ahmed, M. H. Ahmed, Abdualmoniem O Musa, Nadir Abuzeid","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12122","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a hepatotropic pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans. It is an important causative agent of viral hepatitis outbreaks. This study investigates the serological and molecular prevalence of HEV in blood donors attending the Central Blood Bank in Wad Medani City in Gezira State, Sudan. \u0000Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive design. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data concerning demographic information and risk factors associated with HEV transmission. All enrolled participants (N = 300) were screened for HEV IgG antibodies using commercial ELISA kits, then strong positive samples (N = 84) were selected and rescreened for HEV IgM and HEV RNA by RT PCR. SPSS version 24.0 was used for analysis. \u0000Results: Out of 300 male participants, 36.3% (109/300) were positive for HEV IgG. However, only one participant was IgM positive, while the HEV RNA was negative. The highest prevalence rates of the virus were 42 (44.6%) among the age group of 31–40 years, 20 (48.8%) in those who consumed food from outside, 13 (50%) in three to four multiple blood donations, and 5 (62.5%) in those who consumed water from the river source. A significant association of HEV IgG prevalence concerning the occupation of the participants being students or farmers was detected using univariate and multivariate analysis (P-value = 0.007). \u0000Conclusion: High prevalence of HEV IgG was demonstrated among the healthy blood donors in this study. Given the possibility of HEV transmission by transfusion from donors to recipients, we recommend that routine screening for HEV should be adopted by blood banks in Sudan.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125059986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12100
M. Ahmed, Mohammed Ibrahim, Zakaria. I. Mohammed, Mukashfi E. A. Ali
Background: Subdural hematomas are one of the commonest neurosurgical pathologies faced in practice and it is rarely located in the posterior fossa. Posterior fossa subdural hematomas are challenging because of the difficulty in their diagnosis and management. Case Presentation: A case of bilateral sub-acute subdural hematoma of the posterior fossa in a 65-year-old female presented with a complaint of headache and vomiting for three weeks followed by a decreased level of consciousness two days prior to admission. The patient is a known cardiac patient on long-term anti-coagulant, her condition was intensively investigated and the diagnosis of posterior fossa subacute hematoma was reached, following which the patient was treated surgically and improved in the postoperative period. Conclusion: Subdural hematomas located in posterior fossa are considered very rare. Most of the reported cases are due to anti-coagulant use, with minor number of cases due to trauma. Literature denoted difficulty reaching diagnosis using only computed tomography and advice to be aided by magnetic resonance imaging as in our case. In most occasions, surgical management is the best choice for the management of such a case, regardless of surgical technique, and will result in excellent outcome.
{"title":"Bilateral Sub-acute Subdural Hematoma of the Posterior Fossa As a Complication of Anti-coagulation Therapy: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"M. Ahmed, Mohammed Ibrahim, Zakaria. I. Mohammed, Mukashfi E. A. Ali","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Subdural hematomas are one of the commonest neurosurgical pathologies faced in practice and it is rarely located in the posterior fossa. Posterior fossa subdural hematomas are challenging because of the difficulty in their diagnosis and management. \u0000Case Presentation: A case of bilateral sub-acute subdural hematoma of the posterior fossa in a 65-year-old female presented with a complaint of headache and vomiting for three weeks followed by a decreased level of consciousness two days prior to admission. The patient is a known cardiac patient on long-term anti-coagulant, her condition was intensively investigated and the diagnosis of posterior fossa subacute hematoma was reached, following which the patient was treated surgically and improved in the postoperative period. \u0000Conclusion: Subdural hematomas located in posterior fossa are considered very rare. Most of the reported cases are due to anti-coagulant use, with minor number of cases due to trauma. Literature denoted difficulty reaching diagnosis using only computed tomography and advice to be aided by magnetic resonance imaging as in our case. In most occasions, surgical management is the best choice for the management of such a case, regardless of surgical technique, and will result in excellent outcome.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116620077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12083
Blanca Estela Díaz Castañeda, Mariela Eulogio Vences, Brian Emmanuel Díaz Gordillo, M. Piña, H. Zerón
Background: Familial Medullary Thyroid Cancer (FMTC) is hereditary in 25% of cases. Patients with an inherited form of FMTC usually have a germline mutation in the RET proto-oncogene (10q11.2); these mutations generally occur in exons 10 (codons 618 and 620) and 11 (codons 630, 631, and 634). Methods: A narrative review of articles focused on the pathology of familial medullary thyroid cancer was carried out using the next databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, BMC, Springer, Frontiers, PMC, Wiley Online Library, Cold Spring Harbor and ELSEVIER. This search was carried out between August and September 2021. Results: 19 studies were selected in which the following mutations were found: five studies (26.31%) reported mutation in exon 10; three studies (15.78%) in exon 11; three studies in exon 13 (one of them associated with a rare mutation in exon 7) (10.52% plus 5.26%); three studies (15.78%) in exon 14; two studies (10.52%) in exon 15; two (10.52%) in exon 16; and one (5.26%) rare FMTC NO RET. The two most frequent mutations were in codons 620 of exon 10 and 804 of exon 14. Conclusion: The findings of this review are consistent with the medical literature, finding the most common RET mutations in exon 10 and codon 620. It is essential that in patients with a presumptive diagnosis, genetic studies (identification of germline mutations in the RET proto-oncogene, located on chromosome 10q11.2) be performed.
背景:家族性甲状腺髓样癌(FMTC)在25%的病例中具有遗传性。遗传形式的FMTC患者通常在RET原癌基因中存在种系突变(10q11.2);这些突变通常发生在外显子10(密码子618和620)和11(密码子630、631和634)。方法:采用PubMed、ScienceDirect、BMC、Springer、Frontiers、PMC、Wiley Online Library、Cold Spring Harbor和ELSEVIER等数据库对家族性甲状腺髓样癌病理相关文献进行综述。搜寻工作在2021年8月至9月期间进行。结果:19项研究中发现了以下突变:5项研究(26.31%)报道了外显子10的突变;3项研究(15.78%)外显子11;外显子13的3项研究(其中1项与外显子7的罕见突变相关)(10.52% + 5.26%);3项研究(15.78%)外显子14;2项研究(10.52%)外显子15;2个(10.52%)位于第16外显子;1例(5.26%)为罕见的FMTC NO RET。2个最常见的突变位点为外显子10的620和外显子14的804。结论:本综述的发现与医学文献一致，发现RET突变最常见的是外显子10和密码子620。对于推定诊断的患者，必须进行遗传学研究(鉴定位于染色体10q11.2上的RET原癌基因的种系突变)。
{"title":"Familial Medullary Thyroid Cancer: Five-year Review of the Most Frequent Mutations in the RET Gene: An Update","authors":"Blanca Estela Díaz Castañeda, Mariela Eulogio Vences, Brian Emmanuel Díaz Gordillo, M. Piña, H. Zerón","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12083","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Familial Medullary Thyroid Cancer (FMTC) is hereditary in 25% of cases. Patients with an inherited form of FMTC usually have a germline mutation in the RET proto-oncogene (10q11.2); these mutations generally occur in exons 10 (codons 618 and 620) and 11 (codons 630, 631, and 634). \u0000Methods: A narrative review of articles focused on the pathology of familial medullary thyroid cancer was carried out using the next databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, BMC, Springer, Frontiers, PMC, Wiley Online Library, Cold Spring Harbor and ELSEVIER. This search was carried out between August and September 2021. \u0000Results: 19 studies were selected in which the following mutations were found: five studies (26.31%) reported mutation in exon 10; three studies (15.78%) in exon 11; three studies in exon 13 (one of them associated with a rare mutation in exon 7) (10.52% plus 5.26%); three studies (15.78%) in exon 14; two studies (10.52%) in exon 15; two (10.52%) in exon 16; and one (5.26%) rare FMTC NO RET. The two most frequent mutations were in codons 620 of exon 10 and 804 of exon 14. \u0000Conclusion: The findings of this review are consistent with the medical literature, finding the most common RET mutations in exon 10 and codon 620. It is essential that in patients with a presumptive diagnosis, genetic studies (identification of germline mutations in the RET proto-oncogene, located on chromosome 10q11.2) be performed.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"22 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121015492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12125
Y. H. Yin, Tang Yin-Quan
Background: COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which poses significant global health and economic crisis that urges effective treatment. Methods: A total of 11 molecules (baricitinib, danoprevir, dexamethasone, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, lopinavir, methylprednisolone, remdesivir, ritonavir and saridegib, ascorbic acid, and cepharanthine) were selected for molecular docking studies using AutoDock VINA to study their antiviral activities via targeting SARS-CoV’s main protease (Mpro), a cysteine protease that mediates the maturation cleavage of polyproteins during virus replication. Results: Three drugs showed stronger binding affinity toward Mpro than N3 (active Mpro inhibitor as control): danoprevir (–7.7 kcal/mol), remdesivir (–8.1 kcal/mol), and saridegib (–7.8 kcal/mol). Two primary conventional hydrogen bonds were identified in the danoprevir-Mpro complex at GlyA:143 and GlnA:189, whereas the residue GluA:166 formed a carbon–hydrogen bond. Seven main conventional hydrogen bonds were identified in the remdesivir at AsnA:142, SerA:144, CysA:145, HisA:163, GluA:166, and GlnA:189, whereas two carbon–hydrogen bonds were formed by the residues HisA:41 and MetA:165. Cepharanthine showed a better binding affinity toward Mpro (–7.9 kcal/mol) than ascorbic acid (–5.4 kcal/mol). Four carbon–hydrogen bonds were formed in the cepharanthine-Mpro complex at HisA:164, ProA;168, GlnA;189, and ThrA:190. Conclusion: The findings of this study propose that these drugs are potentially inhibiting the SAR-CoV-2 virus by targeting the Mpro protein.
{"title":"Computational Screening of Repurposed Drugs Targeting Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease By Molecular Docking","authors":"Y. H. Yin, Tang Yin-Quan","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i3.12125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which poses significant global health and economic crisis that urges effective treatment. \u0000Methods: A total of 11 molecules (baricitinib, danoprevir, dexamethasone, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, lopinavir, methylprednisolone, remdesivir, ritonavir and saridegib, ascorbic acid, and cepharanthine) were selected for molecular docking studies using AutoDock VINA to study their antiviral activities via targeting SARS-CoV’s main protease (Mpro), a cysteine protease that mediates the maturation cleavage of polyproteins during virus replication. \u0000Results: Three drugs showed stronger binding affinity toward Mpro than N3 (active Mpro inhibitor as control): danoprevir (–7.7 kcal/mol), remdesivir (–8.1 kcal/mol), and saridegib (–7.8 kcal/mol). Two primary conventional hydrogen bonds were identified in the danoprevir-Mpro complex at GlyA:143 and GlnA:189, whereas the residue GluA:166 formed a carbon–hydrogen bond. Seven main conventional hydrogen bonds were identified in the remdesivir at AsnA:142, SerA:144, CysA:145, HisA:163, GluA:166, and GlnA:189, whereas two carbon–hydrogen bonds were formed by the residues HisA:41 and MetA:165. Cepharanthine showed a better binding affinity toward Mpro (–7.9 kcal/mol) than ascorbic acid (–5.4 kcal/mol). Four carbon–hydrogen bonds were formed in the cepharanthine-Mpro complex at HisA:164, ProA;168, GlnA;189, and ThrA:190. \u0000Conclusion: The findings of this study propose that these drugs are potentially inhibiting the SAR-CoV-2 virus by targeting the Mpro protein.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129063940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11461
P. Agarwal, B. Bhandari
This is a Short Communication and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
这是一个简短的交流，没有摘要。请下载PDF或查看文章HTML。
{"title":"The Menace of Predatory Journals","authors":"P. Agarwal, B. Bhandari","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11461","url":null,"abstract":"This is a Short Communication and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML. ","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128974746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11462
Bashir Abdrhman Bashir
This is a Shot Communication and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
这是一个镜头交流，没有摘要。请下载PDF或查看文章HTML。
{"title":"Significance of Primary Fibrinogenolysis","authors":"Bashir Abdrhman Bashir","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11462","url":null,"abstract":"This is a Shot Communication and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML. ","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122334906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11458
A. Rezigalla, Ab Ali
Introduction: The spinous process is part of the vertebrae and provides muscle attachment for some muscles and ligaments. They are important landmarks and play a role in screw placement during surgical intervention. This report describes a case of a Sudanese with a short cervical spinous process and draws attention to the possibility of anatomical variations in general and the shortage of cervical spinous processes specifically. Case Report: A 70-year-old Sudanese male presented to the emergency department following a road traffic accident. After standard management and patient stabilization, the X-ray showed that the spinous processes of C 3, 4, and 5 cervical vertebrae were short, and those of C 6 and 7 have abnormal anatomy. The inter-spinous distances were well-maintained. The joints and articulations processes of cervical vertebrae were normal without cortication. The patient was stable and admitted for 24 hr for observation and then discharged on analgesics. Conclusion: This is the first case report of the short spinous process among Sudanese. Some of the cervical spinous processes were short, and others had abnormal anatomy. No obvious manifestations were linked to the case. Discussion of anatomical variations should be carried out and implemented with care and in line with the normal and latest developments in biological, anthropology, forensic, and related sciences. Such anatomical abnormality should be considered during radiographing, preparation, and surgical intervention planning. The normal adaption resulting from congenital abnormality or variation can be used as a method for reconstruction surgeries and provides alternatives to clinical management.
{"title":"Short Spinous Process of Cervical Vertebrae in a Sudanese Subject: A Case Report","authors":"A. Rezigalla, Ab Ali","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11458","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The spinous process is part of the vertebrae and provides muscle attachment for some muscles and ligaments. They are important landmarks and play a role in screw placement during surgical intervention. This report describes a case of a Sudanese with a short cervical spinous process and draws attention to the possibility of anatomical variations in general and the shortage of cervical spinous processes specifically. \u0000Case Report: A 70-year-old Sudanese male presented to the emergency department following a road traffic accident. After standard management and patient stabilization, the X-ray showed that the spinous processes of C 3, 4, and 5 cervical vertebrae were short, and those of C 6 and 7 have abnormal anatomy. The inter-spinous distances were well-maintained. The joints and articulations processes of cervical vertebrae were normal without cortication. The patient was stable and admitted for 24 hr for observation and then discharged on analgesics. \u0000Conclusion: This is the first case report of the short spinous process among Sudanese. Some of the cervical spinous processes were short, and others had abnormal anatomy. No obvious manifestations were linked to the case. Discussion of anatomical variations should be carried out and implemented with care and in line with the normal and latest developments in biological, anthropology, forensic, and related sciences. Such anatomical abnormality should be considered during radiographing, preparation, and surgical intervention planning. The normal adaption resulting from congenital abnormality or variation can be used as a method for reconstruction surgeries and provides alternatives to clinical management.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122666974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11451
Z. Ilhan, M. Bekdas, M. Inanır, N. Kabakuş
Background: Obesity, a rapidly increasing global health problem in all age groups, is accepted as the basis for many chronic diseases through insulin resistance mechanism. This study aimed to examine whether insulin resistance and other comorbidities of obesity have an effect on the cardiac conduction system. Methods: The study included 50 obese and 47 healthy individuals aged 6–18 years. ECGs of all cases were taken; ECG waves and intervals were measured manually. Results: Of the obese group, 19 were boys (38%) and 31 were girls (62%), 27 were children (54%) and 23 were adolescents (46%), their ages were 11.3 ± 3.5 years. These particular characteristics were similar compared to the control group. However, in the obese group, the ECG parameters QTc (p = 0.001), QTd (p < 0.001), QTdc (p < 0.001), JTc (p < 0.001), Tp-e (p < 0.001), Tp-e/QT (p < 0.001), Tp-e/QTc (p < 0.001), Tp-e/JT (p < 0.001), and Tp-e/JTc (p < 0.001) were significantly longer. Twenty-five obese subjects (50%) had insulin resistance, when ECG parameters are compared to those without it, only JTc was significantly longer (332.3 ± 16.5 vs 321.7 ± 17.7 ms, p = 0.033). JTc duration mostly affected JT (p < 0.001) and QTc (p < 0.001). The 327 ms cut-off value of JTc indicated insulin resistance in the obese patients (p = 0.044) (sensitivity 60%, specificity 60%). Conclusion: Insulin resistance and other comorbidities of obesity may cause ventricular repolarization abnormalities at an early age. JTc, an ECG parameter, can be a guide in assessing ventricular repolarization abnormality and the risk of arrhythmia in these patients. Keywords: obesity, insulin resistance, comorbidities, ventricular repolarization, child, adolescence
{"title":"Insulin Resistance and Other Comorbidities of Obesity as Independent Variables on Ventricular Repolarization in Children and Adolescents","authors":"Z. Ilhan, M. Bekdas, M. Inanır, N. Kabakuş","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11451","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity, a rapidly increasing global health problem in all age groups, is accepted as the basis for many chronic diseases through insulin resistance mechanism. This study aimed to examine whether insulin resistance and other comorbidities of obesity have an effect on the cardiac conduction system. \u0000Methods: The study included 50 obese and 47 healthy individuals aged 6–18 years. ECGs of all cases were taken; ECG waves and intervals were measured manually. \u0000Results: Of the obese group, 19 were boys (38%) and 31 were girls (62%), 27 were children (54%) and 23 were adolescents (46%), their ages were 11.3 ± 3.5 years. These particular characteristics were similar compared to the control group. However, in the obese group, the ECG parameters QTc (p = 0.001), QTd (p < 0.001), QTdc (p < 0.001), JTc (p < 0.001), Tp-e (p < 0.001), Tp-e/QT (p < 0.001), Tp-e/QTc (p < 0.001), Tp-e/JT (p < 0.001), and Tp-e/JTc (p < 0.001) were significantly longer. Twenty-five obese subjects (50%) had insulin resistance, when ECG parameters are compared to those without it, only JTc was significantly longer (332.3 ± 16.5 vs 321.7 ± 17.7 ms, p = 0.033). JTc duration mostly affected JT (p < 0.001) and QTc (p < 0.001). The 327 ms cut-off value of JTc indicated insulin resistance in the obese patients (p = 0.044) (sensitivity 60%, specificity 60%). \u0000Conclusion: Insulin resistance and other comorbidities of obesity may cause ventricular repolarization abnormalities at an early age. JTc, an ECG parameter, can be a guide in assessing ventricular repolarization abnormality and the risk of arrhythmia in these patients. \u0000Keywords: obesity, insulin resistance, comorbidities, ventricular repolarization, child, adolescence","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122857112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11460
Hyder Osman Mirghani, Albaraa Altowigri
Background: Osteoporosis is a common morbid and mortal disease; thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression is the state-of-the-art for postoperative differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). However, its association with osteoporosis remains controversial. The current meta-analysis assessed the relationship between TSH suppressive therapy and osteoporosis among patients with DTC. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and the first 100 articles in Google Scholar for relevant articles published in English during the period from 2008 to November 2020. The keywords differentiated thyroid cancer, TSH suppression, osteoporosis, low bone mineral density, osteopenia; fracture risk, disturbed bone micro-architecture, bone loss, and trabecular bone were used. One hundred and eighty-four articles were retrieved; of them, fourteen were eligible and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The RevMan system was used for data analysis. Results: We included 36 cohorts from 15 studies, the studies showed higher osteoporosis and osteopenia among TSH-suppressed women, odd ratio, 2.64, 1.48– 4.68 and 2.23, 0.33–14.96, respectively. High heterogeneity was observed, I2 = 68% and 96%, respectively). The sub-analysis showed a lower bone mineral density among postmenopausal women at both femoral neck and lumbar spines, odds ratio, –0.02, –0.07 to 0.04, and –0.03, –0.06 to 0.01, I2 for heterogeneity, 69%, and 51% in contrast to men and premenopausal women who showed normal or higher bone density. Conclusion: TSH suppression for DTC was associated with osteoporosis and osteopenia among postmenopausal women but not premenopausal women or men. Studies focusing on trabecular bone scores are needed.
{"title":"Thyroid-stimulating Hormone Suppressive Therapy and Osteoporosis: A Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Hyder Osman Mirghani, Albaraa Altowigri","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11460","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoporosis is a common morbid and mortal disease; thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression is the state-of-the-art for postoperative differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). However, its association with osteoporosis remains controversial. The current meta-analysis assessed the relationship between TSH suppressive therapy and osteoporosis among patients with DTC. \u0000Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and the first 100 articles in Google Scholar for relevant articles published in English during the period from 2008 to November 2020. The keywords differentiated thyroid cancer, TSH suppression, osteoporosis, low bone mineral density, osteopenia; fracture risk, disturbed bone micro-architecture, bone loss, and trabecular bone were used. One hundred and eighty-four articles were retrieved; of them, fourteen were eligible and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The RevMan system was used for data analysis. \u0000Results: We included 36 cohorts from 15 studies, the studies showed higher osteoporosis and osteopenia among TSH-suppressed women, odd ratio, 2.64, 1.48– 4.68 and 2.23, 0.33–14.96, respectively. High heterogeneity was observed, I2 = 68% and 96%, respectively). The sub-analysis showed a lower bone mineral density among postmenopausal women at both femoral neck and lumbar spines, odds ratio, –0.02, –0.07 to 0.04, and –0.03, –0.06 to 0.01, I2 for heterogeneity, 69%, and 51% in contrast to men and premenopausal women who showed normal or higher bone density. \u0000Conclusion: TSH suppression for DTC was associated with osteoporosis and osteopenia among postmenopausal women but not premenopausal women or men. Studies focusing on trabecular bone scores are needed.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130359457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v17i2.11450
Ansam Mohamed Abdelaziz Dafalla, Nazik Elmalaika Husain
This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
这是一篇社论，没有摘要。请下载PDF或查看文章HTML。
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