Yacine Meziane, Rima Yakoubi, S. Megateli, C. Chaouia
Abstract Vitis vinífera L. is an important source of phenolic compounds, which can prevent disease if included as a part of a diet. In this study, table grape (Cardinal, Muscat, Italia, Gros noir and Red globe) and wine grape juices extracts (Cinsault, Merlot and Syrah) were regarded as studied subject and a reliable method was established to predict their polyphenol, flavonoid, flavonol, condensed tannin, hydrolysable tannin, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and carotenoids contents. Their antioxidant capacity was determined by using DPPH and reducing power assays. Then chemometrics methods including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to select the most significant and responsible characteristics for discrimination of grape varieties. Black grape extracts had significantly the highest concentration of ascorbic acid (from 10.09 ± 0.14 to 15.38 ± 0.42 mg/100g), carotenoids (from 0.11 ± 0.01 to 0.58 ± 0.04 mg/100g), total phenols (from 1330.91 ± 9.24 to 1406.7 ± 10.7 mg/100g) and flavonoids (from 165.53 ± 4.7 to 393.22 ± 30.36 mg/100g). Black grape extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity [IC50 varied from 26.44 ± 1.56 to 32.62 ± 0.66 mg/mL] followed by red ones [IC50 ranged from 69.56 ± 7.61 to 80.62 ± 6.58 mg/mL]. Statistics analysis indicated that the levels of bioactive components and antioxidant activity were positively correlated. The PCA applied to the bioactive contents allowed a high degree of grape variety differentiation according to their antioxidant activity. These results showed that grape extracts, can be used in food and pharmaceutical industries as natural antioxidants agents. Keywords: Vitis vinífera L, Grape variety, Extract, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant activity, Multivariate analysis
{"title":"In vitro Assessment of Total Bioactive Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Juices Extracts of Table and Wine Varieties from Algeria and Their Correlations","authors":"Yacine Meziane, Rima Yakoubi, S. Megateli, C. Chaouia","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.050","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Vitis vinífera L. is an important source of phenolic compounds, which can prevent disease if included as a part of a diet. In this study, table grape (Cardinal, Muscat, Italia, Gros noir and Red globe) and wine grape juices extracts (Cinsault, Merlot and Syrah) were regarded as studied subject and a reliable method was established to predict their polyphenol, flavonoid, flavonol, condensed tannin, hydrolysable tannin, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and carotenoids contents. Their antioxidant capacity was determined by using DPPH and reducing power assays. Then chemometrics methods including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to select the most significant and responsible characteristics for discrimination of grape varieties. Black grape extracts had significantly the highest concentration of ascorbic acid (from 10.09 ± 0.14 to 15.38 ± 0.42 mg/100g), carotenoids (from 0.11 ± 0.01 to 0.58 ± 0.04 mg/100g), total phenols (from 1330.91 ± 9.24 to 1406.7 ± 10.7 mg/100g) and flavonoids (from 165.53 ± 4.7 to 393.22 ± 30.36 mg/100g). Black grape extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity [IC50 varied from 26.44 ± 1.56 to 32.62 ± 0.66 mg/mL] followed by red ones [IC50 ranged from 69.56 ± 7.61 to 80.62 ± 6.58 mg/mL]. Statistics analysis indicated that the levels of bioactive components and antioxidant activity were positively correlated. The PCA applied to the bioactive contents allowed a high degree of grape variety differentiation according to their antioxidant activity. These results showed that grape extracts, can be used in food and pharmaceutical industries as natural antioxidants agents. Keywords: Vitis vinífera L, Grape variety, Extract, Phenolic compounds, Antioxidant activity, Multivariate analysis","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124730445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The increase of cortisol hormone and blood pressure indicates the active Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA-axis) and Sympathetic-Adreno-Medullary-axis (SAM-axis). Someone with obesity tends to have a more active HPA-axis and SAM-axis. Exercise is proclaimed as an effective model to reduce the HPA-axis and SAM-axis activities. This study aims to describe the HPA-axis and SAM-axis activities on the moderate-intensity aerobic. The participants of this study were 20 obese female teenagers aged 20 to 24 years old with sufficient physical fitness. They were divided into three groups of CTL (n=7, control group), IAE (n=7, interval time aerobic exercise) and CAE (n=7, continuously aerobic exercise). IAE was carried out with moderate-intensity running followed by active recovery through low-intensity running with five repetitions. It was carried out for 35 minutes. The CAE was carried out with moderate-intensity continuously running for 30 minutes. Both IAE and CAE were completed using treadmills. The HPA-axis was estimated using cortisol hormone indicator, while the cortisol hormone was measured using ELISA Kit. The SAM-axis was examined using the heart response. The data were analyzed using a One-Way ANOVA test with SPSS version 21. The results suggest significant different cortisol hormone secretion between before and after the moderate-intensity interval time and continuously aerobic exercise (P ≤ 0.01). Different blood pressure and heartbeat were also observed before and after the aerobic (P ≤ 0.01). Moderate-intensity interval time and continuously aerobic exercise reduces cortisol hormone secretion, blood pressure, and heartbeat, thus, it lessens the HPA-axis and SAM-axis activities. Keywords: HPA-axis, SAM-axis, Aerobic exercise, Obesity
皮质醇激素和血压升高提示下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(hpa -轴)和交感-肾上腺-髓质轴(sam -轴)活跃。肥胖者的hpa轴和sam轴更活跃。运动被认为是降低hpa -轴和sam -轴活动的有效模式。本研究旨在描述中强度有氧运动中hpa轴和sam轴的活性。本研究的对象为20名年龄在20 ~ 24岁，身体素质良好的肥胖女性青少年。将患者分为CTL组(n=7，对照组)、IAE组(n=7，间歇有氧运动组)和CAE组(n=7，连续有氧运动组)。IAE以中强度跑步进行，然后通过低强度跑步进行主动恢复，重复5次。手术进行了35分钟。CAE以中等强度连续运动30分钟进行。IAE和CAE均在跑步机上完成。采用皮质醇激素指标估计hpa轴，采用ELISA Kit测定皮质醇激素。使用心脏反应检查sam轴。数据分析采用SPSS version 21的单向方差分析检验。结果表明，中等强度间歇时间与持续有氧运动前后皮质醇激素分泌差异有统计学意义(P≤0.01)。有氧运动前后血压、心跳差异有统计学意义(P≤0.01)。中等强度间歇时间和持续有氧运动可降低皮质醇激素分泌、血压和心跳，从而降低hpa轴和sam轴活动。关键词:hpa轴，sam轴，有氧运动，肥胖
{"title":"Decreased Activity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis after Acute Aerobic Exercise in Obese Women","authors":"D. Merawati, A. Pranoto, H. Susanto","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The increase of cortisol hormone and blood pressure indicates the active Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA-axis) and Sympathetic-Adreno-Medullary-axis (SAM-axis). Someone with obesity tends to have a more active HPA-axis and SAM-axis. Exercise is proclaimed as an effective model to reduce the HPA-axis and SAM-axis activities. This study aims to describe the HPA-axis and SAM-axis activities on the moderate-intensity aerobic. The participants of this study were 20 obese female teenagers aged 20 to 24 years old with sufficient physical fitness. They were divided into three groups of CTL (n=7, control group), IAE (n=7, interval time aerobic exercise) and CAE (n=7, continuously aerobic exercise). IAE was carried out with moderate-intensity running followed by active recovery through low-intensity running with five repetitions. It was carried out for 35 minutes. The CAE was carried out with moderate-intensity continuously running for 30 minutes. Both IAE and CAE were completed using treadmills. The HPA-axis was estimated using cortisol hormone indicator, while the cortisol hormone was measured using ELISA Kit. The SAM-axis was examined using the heart response. The data were analyzed using a One-Way ANOVA test with SPSS version 21. The results suggest significant different cortisol hormone secretion between before and after the moderate-intensity interval time and continuously aerobic exercise (P ≤ 0.01). Different blood pressure and heartbeat were also observed before and after the aerobic (P ≤ 0.01). Moderate-intensity interval time and continuously aerobic exercise reduces cortisol hormone secretion, blood pressure, and heartbeat, thus, it lessens the HPA-axis and SAM-axis activities. Keywords: HPA-axis, SAM-axis, Aerobic exercise, Obesity","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131164183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nisachon Siripaiboonpong, O. Matangkasombut, Haris Pengcharoen, Bongkoj Boonchaiyapluk, Phakvalunch Rujiraprasert, Pijitra Petcharat, S. Chantarangsu, Supreda Suphanantachat Srithanyarat
Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the effects of oil pulling with virgin coconut oil (VCO), which contains antimicrobial ingredients, and with palm oil (PO) on several clinical parameters when used as adjunctive oral hygiene care in patients with gingival inflammation. In this crossover trial, thirty-six participants were randomized to group 1 to start with VCO and group 2 to start with PO pulling. The participants were instructed to continue their oral hygiene routine and to perform oil pulling by swishing 10 mL oil for 8 min for 28 days. After a 21-day wash-out period, the participants performed the protocol with the other oil type. The Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), and salivary pH were recorded at baseline, the end of both intervention periods, and after the wash-out period. The before- and after-treatment values and the mean difference in the evaluated parameters in each group were compared. VCO pulling significantly reduced GI (P=0.004), while PO pulling significantly reduced GI (P=0.010) and PI (P=0.005) after 28 days of oil pulling. The salivary pH remained in the neutral range throughout the study period. No significant difference in salivary pH was found between the two treatments. VCO pulling did not demonstrate any significant superior effect compared with PO pulling on the evaluated clinical parameters. However, because the oil pulling interventions were not compared to negative control in this study, further studies are needed to confirm the potentially beneficial effects of oil pulling. Keywords: Gingivitis, Oral health status, Mouth care product
{"title":"Clinical Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil Pulling in Comparison with Palm Oil Pulling on Gingival Health: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial","authors":"Nisachon Siripaiboonpong, O. Matangkasombut, Haris Pengcharoen, Bongkoj Boonchaiyapluk, Phakvalunch Rujiraprasert, Pijitra Petcharat, S. Chantarangsu, Supreda Suphanantachat Srithanyarat","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the effects of oil pulling with virgin coconut oil (VCO), which contains antimicrobial ingredients, and with palm oil (PO) on several clinical parameters when used as adjunctive oral hygiene care in patients with gingival inflammation. In this crossover trial, thirty-six participants were randomized to group 1 to start with VCO and group 2 to start with PO pulling. The participants were instructed to continue their oral hygiene routine and to perform oil pulling by swishing 10 mL oil for 8 min for 28 days. After a 21-day wash-out period, the participants performed the protocol with the other oil type. The Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), and salivary pH were recorded at baseline, the end of both intervention periods, and after the wash-out period. The before- and after-treatment values and the mean difference in the evaluated parameters in each group were compared. VCO pulling significantly reduced GI (P=0.004), while PO pulling significantly reduced GI (P=0.010) and PI (P=0.005) after 28 days of oil pulling. The salivary pH remained in the neutral range throughout the study period. No significant difference in salivary pH was found between the two treatments. VCO pulling did not demonstrate any significant superior effect compared with PO pulling on the evaluated clinical parameters. However, because the oil pulling interventions were not compared to negative control in this study, further studies are needed to confirm the potentially beneficial effects of oil pulling. Keywords: Gingivitis, Oral health status, Mouth care product","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134150947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Braja Manggala, C. Chaichana, Wahyu Nurkholis Hadi Syahputra, Wasin Wongwilai
Abstract Pesticides have been the most often used substance in recent decades to protect agricultural goods from pests affecting farmers, especially in conventional agriculture. Pesticides are effective in preventing and removing pests. On the other hand, pesticides risk human health since they may be found in agricultural goods for an extended time. As a result, it is critical to have a robust analytical procedure in place to monitor pesticide residues in agricultural products. Chromatography, Raman spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) - Near Infrared (NIR) are methods used to identify pesticide residues, and each has benefits. Additionally, a cutting-edge technique called hyperspectral imaging has recently been employed. This review paper discusses the most current application of those approaches, combined with machine learning and chemometrics, in identifying pesticide residues in agricultural goods such as crops, vegetables, and fruits. The approach's basic principles, benefits, and drawbacks will be briefly addressed. Our findings indicate that those methods provide precise and stable results for identifying pesticide residues in agricultural products. However, most of those methods are possessed a high initial cost, complex processes, time-consuming, which is inappropriate with the agricultural modern concept, especially related to smallholder farmers. Hence, shortly, a low-cost, portable, and highly accurate internet-connected device must be developed. Keywords: Pesticide residue, Chromatography, Raman spectroscopy, UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, Hyperspectral imaging
{"title":"Pesticide Residues Detection in Agricultural Products","authors":"Braja Manggala, C. Chaichana, Wahyu Nurkholis Hadi Syahputra, Wasin Wongwilai","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.049","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pesticides have been the most often used substance in recent decades to protect agricultural goods from pests affecting farmers, especially in conventional agriculture. Pesticides are effective in preventing and removing pests. On the other hand, pesticides risk human health since they may be found in agricultural goods for an extended time. As a result, it is critical to have a robust analytical procedure in place to monitor pesticide residues in agricultural products. Chromatography, Raman spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) - Near Infrared (NIR) are methods used to identify pesticide residues, and each has benefits. Additionally, a cutting-edge technique called hyperspectral imaging has recently been employed. This review paper discusses the most current application of those approaches, combined with machine learning and chemometrics, in identifying pesticide residues in agricultural goods such as crops, vegetables, and fruits. The approach's basic principles, benefits, and drawbacks will be briefly addressed. Our findings indicate that those methods provide precise and stable results for identifying pesticide residues in agricultural products. However, most of those methods are possessed a high initial cost, complex processes, time-consuming, which is inappropriate with the agricultural modern concept, especially related to smallholder farmers. Hence, shortly, a low-cost, portable, and highly accurate internet-connected device must be developed. Keywords: Pesticide residue, Chromatography, Raman spectroscopy, UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, Hyperspectral imaging","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123386635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this study was to produce mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to human blood group antigens. Two percent solution of normal human red blood cells (RBCs) O, RhD+ in normal saline was freshly prepared, and 100 uL was immunized weekly into BALB/mice, intraperitoneal route for 3 weeks. Prior to each immunization, 100 uL of mouse blood was collected and serum was separated. The rising of anti-RBCs antibody titer was performed by standard hemagglutination compared to pre-immunized serum. Mouse was then sacrificed, and the spleen was collected. The fusion between mouse spleen cells and mouse myeloma (X63Ag8.653) cell lines was performed according to the standard hybridoma technique. Hybrid clones were grown in DMEM high glucose supplemented with 20% FCS at 3 °C, 5% CO2 incubator with 5% humidity. The anti-RBCs in hybrid cell culture supernatant were tested by standard hemagglutination and a monoclonal antibody-producing single clone of the hybrid cell was generated by limiting dilution technique. Antibody screening and identification were performed using screening cells, panel cells, and rare blood type RBCs, followed by enzyme treatment technique. The Isotype of mAb was also identified. The results showed that amongst those obtained, mAb clone 1E10-2B2, was confirmed to be anti-Ena characterized as ficin resistant (anti-EnaFR) and isotype IgG2b, kappa. The anti-Ena mAb is very helpful and can be applied as specific mAb for the phenotyping of Ena which is the high-frequency blood group antigens in all populations. Keywords: Glyphorin, MNS blood group, Ena, alloantibody, HDFN, HTR
摘要本研究的目的是制备针对人血型抗原的小鼠单克隆抗体(mab)。新鲜制备正常人红细胞(rbc) O, RhD+的2%生理盐水溶液，每周100 uL免疫BALB/小鼠，腹腔注射3周。每次免疫前采集小鼠血液100 uL，分离血清。与免疫前血清相比，标准血凝检测抗红细胞抗体滴度升高。处死小鼠，取脾。小鼠脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤(X63Ag8.653)细胞系按照标准杂交瘤技术进行融合。杂交无性系在DMEM高葡萄糖中添加20% FCS，在3℃、5% CO2、5%湿度的培养箱中生长。用标准血凝法检测杂交细胞培养上清中的抗红细胞，用极限稀释法获得产生单克隆抗体的杂交细胞单克隆。采用筛选细胞、面板细胞和稀有血型红细胞进行抗体筛选和鉴定，然后采用酶处理技术。还鉴定了单抗的同型。结果表明，克隆的单克隆抗体1E10-2B2被证实具有抗enafr的特征，具有抗enafr和同型IgG2b, kappa。Ena是所有人群的高频血型抗原，抗Ena单抗是非常有用的，可以作为特异性单抗用于分型Ena。关键词:Glyphorin, MNS血型，Ena，同种抗体，hdf, HTR
{"title":"Mouse Monoclonal Antibody Specific To Human Ena Blood Group Antigen","authors":"Y. Wutti-in, P. Vongchan","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.045","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to produce mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to human blood group antigens. Two percent solution of normal human red blood cells (RBCs) O, RhD+ in normal saline was freshly prepared, and 100 uL was immunized weekly into BALB/mice, intraperitoneal route for 3 weeks. Prior to each immunization, 100 uL of mouse blood was collected and serum was separated. The rising of anti-RBCs antibody titer was performed by standard hemagglutination compared to pre-immunized serum. Mouse was then sacrificed, and the spleen was collected. The fusion between mouse spleen cells and mouse myeloma (X63Ag8.653) cell lines was performed according to the standard hybridoma technique. Hybrid clones were grown in DMEM high glucose supplemented with 20% FCS at 3 °C, 5% CO2 incubator with 5% humidity. The anti-RBCs in hybrid cell culture supernatant were tested by standard hemagglutination and a monoclonal antibody-producing single clone of the hybrid cell was generated by limiting dilution technique. Antibody screening and identification were performed using screening cells, panel cells, and rare blood type RBCs, followed by enzyme treatment technique. The Isotype of mAb was also identified. The results showed that amongst those obtained, mAb clone 1E10-2B2, was confirmed to be anti-Ena characterized as ficin resistant (anti-EnaFR) and isotype IgG2b, kappa. The anti-Ena mAb is very helpful and can be applied as specific mAb for the phenotyping of Ena which is the high-frequency blood group antigens in all populations. Keywords: Glyphorin, MNS blood group, Ena, alloantibody, HDFN, HTR","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133723873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles has become a matter of interest because it has properties and useful applications in various fields. Using plant extracts using the green synthesis method to manufacture Fe3O4 nanoparticles is considered an effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach because it does not contain harmful chemicals. This study uses the green synthesis method to synthesize Fe3O4 nanoparticles from green betel leaf extract. The UV-Vis Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed continuous absorption at wavelengths between 300 nm and 800 nm and obtained a band gap energy of 1.87 eV. XRD analysis confirmed the crystal size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (≈ 6.93 nm). The FTIR results show that functional groups from the leaf extract play a role in forming Fe3O4 nanoparticles, as evidenced by the presence of two Fe-O absorption bands at wave numbers 567 cm-1 and 482 cm-1. The SEM results showed a needle-like particle shape, the HR-TEM analysis showed spherical and needle-like shapes and nanoparticles size (≈ 29.82 nm) and the EDS analysis showed that Fe and O elements indicated the dominant iron oxide content of Fe3O4 with levels of 73.35% and 20.88%, respectively. The magnetization curve shows that the green synthesized magnetite has ferromagnetic properties. The ferromagnetic properties of Fe3O4 were then applied as methylene blue adsorbent and observed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, the most effective absorption ability was at a contact time of 120 minutes with a color degradation percentage of 98.75%. Keywords: Green synthesis, Fe3O4, Green betel, Adsorption, Methylene blue
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Using Green Betel Leaf Extract for Methylene Blue Adsorption","authors":"Khoirotin ., Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa, M. .","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles has become a matter of interest because it has properties and useful applications in various fields. Using plant extracts using the green synthesis method to manufacture Fe3O4 nanoparticles is considered an effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach because it does not contain harmful chemicals. This study uses the green synthesis method to synthesize Fe3O4 nanoparticles from green betel leaf extract. The UV-Vis Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed continuous absorption at wavelengths between 300 nm and 800 nm and obtained a band gap energy of 1.87 eV. XRD analysis confirmed the crystal size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (≈ 6.93 nm). The FTIR results show that functional groups from the leaf extract play a role in forming Fe3O4 nanoparticles, as evidenced by the presence of two Fe-O absorption bands at wave numbers 567 cm-1 and 482 cm-1. The SEM results showed a needle-like particle shape, the HR-TEM analysis showed spherical and needle-like shapes and nanoparticles size (≈ 29.82 nm) and the EDS analysis showed that Fe and O elements indicated the dominant iron oxide content of Fe3O4 with levels of 73.35% and 20.88%, respectively. The magnetization curve shows that the green synthesized magnetite has ferromagnetic properties. The ferromagnetic properties of Fe3O4 were then applied as methylene blue adsorbent and observed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, the most effective absorption ability was at a contact time of 120 minutes with a color degradation percentage of 98.75%. Keywords: Green synthesis, Fe3O4, Green betel, Adsorption, Methylene blue","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132450099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Retnoaji, Adhi Prasetyo, Nur Indah Septriani, Fajar Sofyantoro, N. Mochioka
Abstract The current study was conducted to investigate the homogeneity of gonad maturity in Anguilla bicolor bicolor, and whether Gonado-Somatic Index (GSI) is a reliable indicator of this maturity. Eel samples were obtained from fishermen at Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia in December 2015, and May 2017. Fourteen specimens were analyzed based on their gonad histological structure from cranial, medial, and caudal portions and were measured for GSI values. The present study shows that there is a synchronization of oocyte maturity time on the medial, cranial and caudal parts. It might suggest that during the maturation process, Anguilla develop into silver eels and return to the sea to spawn. The highest GSI value is 2.67 in the female eel containing the highest number of mid-vitellogenic oocytes. Based on these results, it can be suggested that GSI are a suitable parameter for measuring the gonadal maturity of female A. bicolor bicolor. Keywords: Gonadal maturity, Homogeneity, Indonesian eel, A. bicolor bicolor, Segara Anakan
{"title":"Gonad Homogeneity, Maturity, and Gonado-Somatic Index of Wild Indonesian Eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844)","authors":"B. Retnoaji, Adhi Prasetyo, Nur Indah Septriani, Fajar Sofyantoro, N. Mochioka","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current study was conducted to investigate the homogeneity of gonad maturity in Anguilla bicolor bicolor, and whether Gonado-Somatic Index (GSI) is a reliable indicator of this maturity. Eel samples were obtained from fishermen at Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia in December 2015, and May 2017. Fourteen specimens were analyzed based on their gonad histological structure from cranial, medial, and caudal portions and were measured for GSI values. The present study shows that there is a synchronization of oocyte maturity time on the medial, cranial and caudal parts. It might suggest that during the maturation process, Anguilla develop into silver eels and return to the sea to spawn. The highest GSI value is 2.67 in the female eel containing the highest number of mid-vitellogenic oocytes. Based on these results, it can be suggested that GSI are a suitable parameter for measuring the gonadal maturity of female A. bicolor bicolor. Keywords: Gonadal maturity, Homogeneity, Indonesian eel, A. bicolor bicolor, Segara Anakan","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130208480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yin Yin Myat, M. Vollrath, Nitjawan Sahatspan, T. Ngawhirunpat, Chaiyakarn Pornpitchanarong, Prasopchai Patrojanasophon
Abstract This study aimed to synthesize a chitosan (CHI) derivative, chitosan-iodoacetamide (CHI-IA), with enhanced mucoadhesive properties and develop buccal mucoadhesive tablets of CHI-IA for local delivery of dextromethorphan (DXT). Mucoadhesive CHI-IA was synthesized by a chemical reaction between CHI and iodoacetic acid (IA) in different weight ratios. The synthesized CHI-IA was characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to confirm the chemical structure and assure successful synthesis. DXT was selected as the model drug to be incorporated into the matrix tablet to develop mucoadhesive buccal cough relief tablets. The mucoadhesive strength of the CHI-IA tablets was determined by a texture analyzer. Moreover, the drug content and the release characteristics of DXT from the mucoadhesive tablets were evaluated. The FT-IR and NMR spectra of CHI-IA indicated the conjugation of IA on the structure of CHI. The CHI-IA tablets exhibited a 4-time increase in mucoadhesion force compared with that of unmodified CHI. Moreover, a gradual release of DXT from the tablets was observed, and the release kinetics best fit with the Higuchi model (R2 = 0.9912). Therefore, the CHI-IA could be applied as the mucoadhesive carrier system for drug delivery. Keywords: Chitosan, Iodoacetic acid, Mucoadhesive, Buccal tablets, Dextromethorphan
{"title":"Development of Mucoadhesive Chitosan-Iodoacetamide Buccal Tablets for Local Delivery of Dextromethorphan","authors":"Yin Yin Myat, M. Vollrath, Nitjawan Sahatspan, T. Ngawhirunpat, Chaiyakarn Pornpitchanarong, Prasopchai Patrojanasophon","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to synthesize a chitosan (CHI) derivative, chitosan-iodoacetamide (CHI-IA), with enhanced mucoadhesive properties and develop buccal mucoadhesive tablets of CHI-IA for local delivery of dextromethorphan (DXT). Mucoadhesive CHI-IA was synthesized by a chemical reaction between CHI and iodoacetic acid (IA) in different weight ratios. The synthesized CHI-IA was characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to confirm the chemical structure and assure successful synthesis. DXT was selected as the model drug to be incorporated into the matrix tablet to develop mucoadhesive buccal cough relief tablets. The mucoadhesive strength of the CHI-IA tablets was determined by a texture analyzer. Moreover, the drug content and the release characteristics of DXT from the mucoadhesive tablets were evaluated. The FT-IR and NMR spectra of CHI-IA indicated the conjugation of IA on the structure of CHI. The CHI-IA tablets exhibited a 4-time increase in mucoadhesion force compared with that of unmodified CHI. Moreover, a gradual release of DXT from the tablets was observed, and the release kinetics best fit with the Higuchi model (R2 = 0.9912). Therefore, the CHI-IA could be applied as the mucoadhesive carrier system for drug delivery. Keywords: Chitosan, Iodoacetic acid, Mucoadhesive, Buccal tablets, Dextromethorphan","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130280908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Anwar, Galih Bayu Pratama, U. Supratman, D. Harneti, A. Azhari, S. Fajriah, M. N. Azmi, Y. Shiono
Abstract Antimalarial drug resistance is a major cause of the increasing incidence of malaria worldwide, necessitating an urgent demand for the development of new antimalarial drugs. However, the availability of bioactive natural compounds derived from plants is often limited. To address this issue, continuous exploration of bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi derived from medicinal plants has been recognized as a viable alternative. Therefore, this research aimed to isolate and characterize three ergosteroids, namely isocyathisterol (1), ergosterol-5,8-peroxide (3), cerevisterol (4), and a phytosterol, β-sitosterol (2), from the rice cultures of endophytic fungus Stemphylium sp. MAFF 241962, derived from Toona sureni. Endophytic fungi species were determined using molecular analysis of the internal transcribed region (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA. After comparing the sequence data to the NCBI database using BLAST, endophytic fungi were identified as Stemphylium sp. 241962 with 100% similarity. The chemical structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR. Antimalarial activities of compounds 1-4 were evaluated using heme polymerization inhibition activity (HPIA) method. The results showed moderate inhibition activities with IC50 values of 7.70 ± 0.11, 9.48 ± 0.09, 7.88 ± 0.10, and 8.36 ± 0.56 mg/mL, respectively, compared to positive control chloroquine diphosphate with IC50 values of 1.59 ± 0.03 mg/mL. Keywords: Steroid, Stemphylium sp., Toona sureni, Antimalarial activity, Heme polymerization inhibition
{"title":"Steroids from Toona sureni-derived Endophytic Fungi Stemphylium sp. MAFF 241962 and Their Heme Polymerization Inhibition Activity","authors":"R. Anwar, Galih Bayu Pratama, U. Supratman, D. Harneti, A. Azhari, S. Fajriah, M. N. Azmi, Y. Shiono","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Antimalarial drug resistance is a major cause of the increasing incidence of malaria worldwide, necessitating an urgent demand for the development of new antimalarial drugs. However, the availability of bioactive natural compounds derived from plants is often limited. To address this issue, continuous exploration of bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi derived from medicinal plants has been recognized as a viable alternative. Therefore, this research aimed to isolate and characterize three ergosteroids, namely isocyathisterol (1), ergosterol-5,8-peroxide (3), cerevisterol (4), and a phytosterol, β-sitosterol (2), from the rice cultures of endophytic fungus Stemphylium sp. MAFF 241962, derived from Toona sureni. Endophytic fungi species were determined using molecular analysis of the internal transcribed region (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA. After comparing the sequence data to the NCBI database using BLAST, endophytic fungi were identified as Stemphylium sp. 241962 with 100% similarity. The chemical structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR. Antimalarial activities of compounds 1-4 were evaluated using heme polymerization inhibition activity (HPIA) method. The results showed moderate inhibition activities with IC50 values of 7.70 ± 0.11, 9.48 ± 0.09, 7.88 ± 0.10, and 8.36 ± 0.56 mg/mL, respectively, compared to positive control chloroquine diphosphate with IC50 values of 1.59 ± 0.03 mg/mL. Keywords: Steroid, Stemphylium sp., Toona sureni, Antimalarial activity, Heme polymerization inhibition","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117053255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Regular physical activity is recommended for managing type-2 diabetes to achieve optimal glycemic control. Limited studies compared the effects of exercise between adults and older adults with type-2 diabetes. This quasi-experimental aim to investigate the effects of the Arm Swing Exercise Program on HbA1C and nutritional status among four groups of adults and older adults with type-2 diabetes. Eighty eligible participants were assigned to the experimental groups (20 adults and 21 older adults) receiving the 12-week Arm Swing Exercise Program 30 minutes/day 5 day/week along with standard care, whereas the control groups (17 adults and 22 older adults) received standard care. Data were obtained, using the demographics questionnnaire, HbA1C, and nutritional status including waist circumference, body mass index, visceral fat, and skeletal muscle, before and after the Program. Paired t-tests, ANCOVA, and ANOVA were used for data analysis. The findings revealed no significant difference in HbA1C, waist circumference, body mass index, visceral fat, and skeletal muscle after receiving the Program between adults and older adults in the experimental groups. Older adults in the experimental group had significantly lower waist circumference than older adults in the control group, while adults in the experimental group had significantly lower waist circumference than adults and older adults in the control groups. This program was effective in only waist circumference reduction. Thus, nurses should encourage people with type-2 diabetes to continuously practice both the arm swing exercise and standard care to achieve glycemic control and better nutritional status. Further study should have more participants using randomized controlled trials and control other sensitive outcomes to the arm swing exercise. Keywords: Arm swing exercise, Hemoglobin A1C, Nutritional status, Adults, Older adults, exercise
{"title":"Effects of Arm Swing Exercise Program on HbA1C and Nutritional Status in Adults and Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"Sangthong Terathongkum, Kamonrat Kittipimpanon","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Regular physical activity is recommended for managing type-2 diabetes to achieve optimal glycemic control. Limited studies compared the effects of exercise between adults and older adults with type-2 diabetes. This quasi-experimental aim to investigate the effects of the Arm Swing Exercise Program on HbA1C and nutritional status among four groups of adults and older adults with type-2 diabetes. Eighty eligible participants were assigned to the experimental groups (20 adults and 21 older adults) receiving the 12-week Arm Swing Exercise Program 30 minutes/day 5 day/week along with standard care, whereas the control groups (17 adults and 22 older adults) received standard care. Data were obtained, using the demographics questionnnaire, HbA1C, and nutritional status including waist circumference, body mass index, visceral fat, and skeletal muscle, before and after the Program. Paired t-tests, ANCOVA, and ANOVA were used for data analysis. The findings revealed no significant difference in HbA1C, waist circumference, body mass index, visceral fat, and skeletal muscle after receiving the Program between adults and older adults in the experimental groups. Older adults in the experimental group had significantly lower waist circumference than older adults in the control group, while adults in the experimental group had significantly lower waist circumference than adults and older adults in the control groups. This program was effective in only waist circumference reduction. Thus, nurses should encourage people with type-2 diabetes to continuously practice both the arm swing exercise and standard care to achieve glycemic control and better nutritional status. Further study should have more participants using randomized controlled trials and control other sensitive outcomes to the arm swing exercise. Keywords: Arm swing exercise, Hemoglobin A1C, Nutritional status, Adults, Older adults, exercise","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115484497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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