Uraiwan Intamaso, P. Chutoam, Suthasinee Jinda, Supannee Lethochavalit
Monitoring foodborne viruses via nucleic acid amplification tests rely on stable RNA standards to obtain reliable testing. This study aimed to produce RNA-based standard reagents for hepatitis virus (HAV) or norovirus detections which relies on viral-like particle (VLP) technology. Using a plasmid packaging system, plasmids containing DNA encoding Qβcoat protein (CP) monomer and the VP1 gene of viruses were co-transformed into E. coli host cells. In cell lysates, expressed CP was characterized by western blot and the whole icosahedral formation of VLPs was proved by electron microscope analysis. Encapsidated RNAs were measured and assessed as a standard by a two-step reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA). Our results showed that CP has a distinguished protein band with a molecular weight of 14.5 kDa but a few variabilities of particle size were visualized. When adjusting the pH of the lysate to lower than 6, a more intense protein band and substantial particles with homogenous particle size were observed. These VLPs were found to enclose HAV and norovirus RNA contents to 1.2×107 copies/ng and 1.9×107 copies/ng, respectively. When analyzed by RT-RPA, linear regression analysis confirmed the alternative application of RNAs enclosed in VLPs to naked RNA synthesized from in vitro transcription. Using the E. coli expression system to produce Qβ VLPs allows cost-effective production and, therefore, can be implemented in laboratories with basic equipment. These encapsidated RNAs may become an ideal “standard” for detecting foodborne viruses via a molecular test in food and clinical samples. Keywords: Molecular testing, Nanoparticles, Nucleic amplification, RNA standards, Viral-like particles
{"title":"Production of Encapsidated RNA Particles as a Working Standard in Detecting Foodborne Viruses in Oysters","authors":"Uraiwan Intamaso, P. Chutoam, Suthasinee Jinda, Supannee Lethochavalit","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.034","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring foodborne viruses via nucleic acid amplification tests rely on stable RNA standards to obtain reliable testing. This study aimed to produce RNA-based standard reagents for hepatitis virus (HAV) or norovirus detections which relies on viral-like particle (VLP) technology. Using a plasmid packaging system, plasmids containing DNA encoding Qβcoat protein (CP) monomer and the VP1 gene of viruses were co-transformed into E. coli host cells. In cell lysates, expressed CP was characterized by western blot and the whole icosahedral formation of VLPs was proved by electron microscope analysis. Encapsidated RNAs were measured and assessed as a standard by a two-step reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA). Our results showed that CP has a distinguished protein band with a molecular weight of 14.5 kDa but a few variabilities of particle size were visualized. When adjusting the pH of the lysate to lower than 6, a more intense protein band and substantial particles with homogenous particle size were observed. These VLPs were found to enclose HAV and norovirus RNA contents to 1.2×107 copies/ng and 1.9×107 copies/ng, respectively. When analyzed by RT-RPA, linear regression analysis confirmed the alternative application of RNAs enclosed in VLPs to naked RNA synthesized from in vitro transcription. Using the E. coli expression system to produce Qβ VLPs allows cost-effective production and, therefore, can be implemented in laboratories with basic equipment. These encapsidated RNAs may become an ideal “standard” for detecting foodborne viruses via a molecular test in food and clinical samples. Keywords: Molecular testing, Nanoparticles, Nucleic amplification, RNA standards, Viral-like particles","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134206219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of deficit of ankle dorsiflexion in athletes who sustained a chronic lateral ankle sprain to the hopping performance. A comparative study was designed to compare the deficit and non-deficit condition of ankle dorsiflexion as a result of the weight bearing lunges test to distance hopping ability with single leg hop, which was normalized with leg length. There were no statistically significant differences in hopping performance, deficit vs non-deficit ankle dorsiflexion within-group comparisons in males (P = 0.932) or females (P = 0.999). Between group comparisons showed that ankle dorsiflexion deficit among female resulted lower hopping performance compared to male with / without ankle dorsiflexion deficit (P = 0.041 and P = 0.039). Surprisingly, hopping performance among male with ankle dorsiflexion deficit was further than female without ankle dorsiflexion deficit (P = 0.044). Meanwhile, hopping performance between male versus female without ankle dorsiflexion deficit were not significant (P = 0.054). The deficit of ankle dorsiflexion had no influence on hopping performance in athlete with a history of LAS, both male and female. Sex influenced hopping performance in athletes with ankle dorsiflexion deficits, with female athletes performing worse than male. During recovery, there might be differences in biomechanical adaptation between ankle dorsiflexion deficit conditions in female athletes compared to male. Keywords: Ankle-dorsiflexion deficit, Sex, Ankle sprain, Hopping distance, Adaptaion
{"title":"Differences in Ankle Dorsiflexion Deficit Performance between Male and Female Athletes with a History of Lateral Ankle Sprain: The Functional Pre-Participation Evaluation","authors":"D. Tinduh, B. Purwanto, Andre Triadi Desnantyo","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.017","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the effects of deficit of ankle dorsiflexion in athletes who sustained a chronic lateral ankle sprain to the hopping performance. A comparative study was designed to compare the deficit and non-deficit condition of ankle dorsiflexion as a result of the weight bearing lunges test to distance hopping ability with single leg hop, which was normalized with leg length. There were no statistically significant differences in hopping performance, deficit vs non-deficit ankle dorsiflexion within-group comparisons in males (P = 0.932) or females (P = 0.999). Between group comparisons showed that ankle dorsiflexion deficit among female resulted lower hopping performance compared to male with / without ankle dorsiflexion deficit (P = 0.041 and P = 0.039). Surprisingly, hopping performance among male with ankle dorsiflexion deficit was further than female without ankle dorsiflexion deficit (P = 0.044). Meanwhile, hopping performance between male versus female without ankle dorsiflexion deficit were not significant (P = 0.054). The deficit of ankle dorsiflexion had no influence on hopping performance in athlete with a history of LAS, both male and female. Sex influenced hopping performance in athletes with ankle dorsiflexion deficits, with female athletes performing worse than male. During recovery, there might be differences in biomechanical adaptation between ankle dorsiflexion deficit conditions in female athletes compared to male. Keywords: Ankle-dorsiflexion deficit, Sex, Ankle sprain, Hopping distance, Adaptaion","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116163030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Nindita, Astika Widy Utomo, Nani Maharani, Endang Mahati, Ilham Fernando Kristiandi, Irfan Kesumayadi, E. Kurniawati, M. A. Sobirin, N. Wijayahadi
The complications of Diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia still need attention. Curcuma are often used as complementary medicine for antidiabetic. There is no study has been found comparing the effect of Curcuma domestica extracts (CDE) and Curcuma xanthorrhiza extracts (CXE) on the progression of the kidney, liver, and pancreas dysfunction in the mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. This study was an experimental study to compare the effect of CDE and CXE on the progression of multi-organ dysfunction such as kidney, liver, and pancreas. The extract was produced by a maceration process with composition 100 gr simplicial and 300 ml ethanol 70%. The mice were induced with 180 mg/kgBW STZ intraperitoneally. The CDE and CXE were given 100 mg/kgBW orally for 21 days. A blood glucose was measured by a glucose meter on days 0, 1, and 21. The histopathological examination of the kidney, liver and pancreas were done on 21 days after the treatment. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests (P <0.05). The results revealed that blood glucose levels showed no significant reduction of CDE and CXE after 21 days of the treatment. Histopathological examination showed a significant protection in kidney inflammation, kidney fibrosis, and pancreatic inflammation (P =0.001, P =0.013, P =0.027 respectively) in CDE and CXE groups. No significant differences were examined in liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, and pancreatic inflammation (P =0.184, P =0.498, P =0.193 respectively). However, there was a significant improvement in liver inflammation by CXE treatment (P =0.041). CXE has a greater potential for hepatoprotective effect compared to CDE. Keywords: Curcuma extract, Organ dysfunction, Inflammation, Diabetes mellitus, Mice
{"title":"Protective Effect of Curcuma domestica and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Extracts toward Kidney, Liver, and Pancreatic Organ Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Mice","authors":"Y. Nindita, Astika Widy Utomo, Nani Maharani, Endang Mahati, Ilham Fernando Kristiandi, Irfan Kesumayadi, E. Kurniawati, M. A. Sobirin, N. Wijayahadi","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.029","url":null,"abstract":"The complications of Diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia still need attention. Curcuma are often used as complementary medicine for antidiabetic. There is no study has been found comparing the effect of Curcuma domestica extracts (CDE) and Curcuma xanthorrhiza extracts (CXE) on the progression of the kidney, liver, and pancreas dysfunction in the mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. This study was an experimental study to compare the effect of CDE and CXE on the progression of multi-organ dysfunction such as kidney, liver, and pancreas. The extract was produced by a maceration process with composition 100 gr simplicial and 300 ml ethanol 70%. The mice were induced with 180 mg/kgBW STZ intraperitoneally. The CDE and CXE were given 100 mg/kgBW orally for 21 days. A blood glucose was measured by a glucose meter on days 0, 1, and 21. The histopathological examination of the kidney, liver and pancreas were done on 21 days after the treatment. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests (P <0.05). The results revealed that blood glucose levels showed no significant reduction of CDE and CXE after 21 days of the treatment. Histopathological examination showed a significant protection in kidney inflammation, kidney fibrosis, and pancreatic inflammation (P =0.001, P =0.013, P =0.027 respectively) in CDE and CXE groups. No significant differences were examined in liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, and pancreatic inflammation (P =0.184, P =0.498, P =0.193 respectively). However, there was a significant improvement in liver inflammation by CXE treatment (P =0.041). CXE has a greater potential for hepatoprotective effect compared to CDE. Keywords: Curcuma extract, Organ dysfunction, Inflammation, Diabetes mellitus, Mice","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130524408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pawarisa Maneechai, P. Leelapornpisid, Worrapan Poomanee
This study aimed to investigate the biological activities, cytotoxicity, phytochemical constituents and stability profile of Bouea macrophylla Griff. peel extracts for cosmeceutical applications. Extraction using maceration or fractionation was optimized using various solvents; ethyl acetate, ethanol, 50%v/v ethanol. The antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition and FRAP assays. Anti-tyrosinase activity was also performed for implying skin depigmentation effects. Total phenolics content, total flavonoids content and total anthocyanin content were also investigated. In addition, ex vivo cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of the selected extract were studied. Moreover, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique was used to analyze and quantify phytochemical components of the extract to study the stability profile. The results revealed that the highest percentage yield was shown in hydroethanolic extract (BPHE). Regarding phytochemical contents, BPHE contained 83.91 ± 0.00 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract, 12.98 ± 0.01 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g extract. Additionally, BPHE exhibited the strongest antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties along with good anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, BPHE had no cytotoxicity to human fibroblast cells. The HPLC results showed two major peaks in BPHE, i.e., gallic and ellagic acids. Accordingly, B. macrophylla peel extract could be a promising bioactive ingredient to develop further as anti-aging cosmetic and cosmeceutical products. Keywords: Bouea macrophylla Griff. peel extract, Antioxidant, Anti-tyrosinase, Anti-inflammatory, Cytotoxicity
{"title":"Multifunctional Biological Activities and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Bouea macrophylla for Cosmetic Applications","authors":"Pawarisa Maneechai, P. Leelapornpisid, Worrapan Poomanee","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.030","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the biological activities, cytotoxicity, phytochemical constituents and stability profile of Bouea macrophylla Griff. peel extracts for cosmeceutical applications. Extraction using maceration or fractionation was optimized using various solvents; ethyl acetate, ethanol, 50%v/v ethanol. The antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition and FRAP assays. Anti-tyrosinase activity was also performed for implying skin depigmentation effects. Total phenolics content, total flavonoids content and total anthocyanin content were also investigated. In addition, ex vivo cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of the selected extract were studied. Moreover, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique was used to analyze and quantify phytochemical components of the extract to study the stability profile. The results revealed that the highest percentage yield was shown in hydroethanolic extract (BPHE). Regarding phytochemical contents, BPHE contained 83.91 ± 0.00 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract, 12.98 ± 0.01 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g extract. Additionally, BPHE exhibited the strongest antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties along with good anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, BPHE had no cytotoxicity to human fibroblast cells. The HPLC results showed two major peaks in BPHE, i.e., gallic and ellagic acids. Accordingly, B. macrophylla peel extract could be a promising bioactive ingredient to develop further as anti-aging cosmetic and cosmeceutical products. Keywords: Bouea macrophylla Griff. peel extract, Antioxidant, Anti-tyrosinase, Anti-inflammatory, Cytotoxicity","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125691960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Nupangtha, Kamtorn Saidarasamoot, Suebsak Suksaengpanomrung
The color of fresh-cut fruits is indicated by the appearance and quality of their products. A sliced apple is a highly putrefying fruit that is sensible to react with oxygen gas, which causes the color, taste, smell, and nutritional value to change during storage in ambient air. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) is one of the most crucial applications for food preservation. This study was divided into two parts. First, the emission intensities of the plasma spectrum and electrical properties were investigated. Then, the colorimetric was used to investigate plasma-treated effects on different liquids (tap water, deionized water, and saline water) to delay color changes of fresh-cut apples. The I-V characteristic curve was used to obtain an optimal power of 8.5 kHz-AC pulse-driven NTAPPJ with argon gas. Additionally, the parameter a*, L*, b*, ΔE, h*, YI, Chroma, and browning index (BI) using the colorimeter method were examined. We then demonstrated that using the Ar-NTAPPJ can be considered a novel approach to increasing fresh-cut apple’ toleration and shelf life. Furthermore, plasma exposure is one of the nondestructive processes that does not have any side effects on the products and can significantly delay degradation and discoloration. Keywords: Plasma jet, Shelf life, Colorimeter, Browning index
{"title":"Application of Non-thermal Plasma-Activated Liquid for Delay Browning in an Apple Slice","authors":"W. Nupangtha, Kamtorn Saidarasamoot, Suebsak Suksaengpanomrung","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.018","url":null,"abstract":"The color of fresh-cut fruits is indicated by the appearance and quality of their products. A sliced apple is a highly putrefying fruit that is sensible to react with oxygen gas, which causes the color, taste, smell, and nutritional value to change during storage in ambient air. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) is one of the most crucial applications for food preservation. This study was divided into two parts. First, the emission intensities of the plasma spectrum and electrical properties were investigated. Then, the colorimetric was used to investigate plasma-treated effects on different liquids (tap water, deionized water, and saline water) to delay color changes of fresh-cut apples. The I-V characteristic curve was used to obtain an optimal power of 8.5 kHz-AC pulse-driven NTAPPJ with argon gas. Additionally, the parameter a*, L*, b*, ΔE, h*, YI, Chroma, and browning index (BI) using the colorimeter method were examined. We then demonstrated that using the Ar-NTAPPJ can be considered a novel approach to increasing fresh-cut apple’ toleration and shelf life. Furthermore, plasma exposure is one of the nondestructive processes that does not have any side effects on the products and can significantly delay degradation and discoloration. Keywords: Plasma jet, Shelf life, Colorimeter, Browning index","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125266086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sansiriphun, Jirawan Deeluea, Preeyakamon Krikitrat, A. Klunklin
In spas in northern Thailand, Tok Sen massage is one aspect of the wisdom of health care in northern communities; it stimulates better functioning of blood circulation, the lymphatic system, and the nervous system, while helping to relieve pain, stiffness, and fatigue in various body parts, due to muscle flexibility and relaxation. This study aimed to examine the effects of Tok Sen massage for relaxation on muscle flexibility and relaxation. A randomized controlled trial enrolled 80 persons who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the Lanna Spa Service for Health Tourism between January and March 2022. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=40) who received the Tok Sen massage for relaxation, and a control group (n=40) who were instructed to lie down in a comfortable environment without receiving a massage. Data were collected using a demographic form, a muscle flexibility record form, a relaxation assessment form, an automatic blood pressure and pulse monitor, a ruler, and the sit-and-reach tester. Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Differences between groups were compared using Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the flexibility of the lower back muscles, hamstring muscles, hip muscles, shoulders, scapula, chest, and arm muscles (P < .01), and in relaxation (P < .001). The findings support the effectiveness of the Tok Sen massage menu on promoting muscle flexibility and relaxation. Keywords: Tok Sen massage, Muscle flexibility, Relaxation
{"title":"The Effects of Tok Sen Massage Menu for Relaxation on Muscle Flexibility and Relaxation among Use of Received the Lanna Spa Service for Health Tourism","authors":"N. Sansiriphun, Jirawan Deeluea, Preeyakamon Krikitrat, A. Klunklin","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"In spas in northern Thailand, Tok Sen massage is one aspect of the wisdom of health care in northern communities; it stimulates better functioning of blood circulation, the lymphatic system, and the nervous system, while helping to relieve pain, stiffness, and fatigue in various body parts, due to muscle flexibility and relaxation. This study aimed to examine the effects of Tok Sen massage for relaxation on muscle flexibility and relaxation. A randomized controlled trial enrolled 80 persons who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the Lanna Spa Service for Health Tourism between January and March 2022. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=40) who received the Tok Sen massage for relaxation, and a control group (n=40) who were instructed to lie down in a comfortable environment without receiving a massage. Data were collected using a demographic form, a muscle flexibility record form, a relaxation assessment form, an automatic blood pressure and pulse monitor, a ruler, and the sit-and-reach tester. Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Differences between groups were compared using Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the flexibility of the lower back muscles, hamstring muscles, hip muscles, shoulders, scapula, chest, and arm muscles (P < .01), and in relaxation (P < .001). The findings support the effectiveness of the Tok Sen massage menu on promoting muscle flexibility and relaxation. Keywords: Tok Sen massage, Muscle flexibility, Relaxation","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124999872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoottana Janthakhin, S. Kingtong, Chutima Aphibanthammakit, Sirikran Juntapremjit
Abstract Experimental and clinical studies reported that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cognitive dysfunction and promotes the onset of dementia. Metformin is an antihyperglycemic drug used for the treatment of T2DM. A growing number of evidence revealed neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation effects exerted by metformin. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on cognitive function, systemic proinflammatory cytokines and amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) which is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in diabetic mice. C57BL/6N mice were divided into the following experimental groups: normal control group (NC); diabetes mellitus group (DM) induced by a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection; diabetes mellitus treated with metformin 100 mg/kg (DM+Met). Cognitive performance was evaluated by the novel object recognition test (NORT). Systemic proinflammatory cytokines and Aβ1-42 were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) test. We found that diabetic mice exhibited cognitive impairment in NORT whereas the treatment with metformin restored the cognitive function of diabetic mice. Moreover, diabetic mice presented an increase in plasma IL-6 and TNF-α levels while Aβ1-42 was decreased when compared to NC mice. Nevertheless, the administration of metformin allowed the levels of plasma IL-6, TNF-α, and Aβ1-42 to normalize in diabetic mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that metformin improves the cognitive function of diabetic mice possibly via the modulation of plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines and Aβ1-42 levels. Metformin may potentially be used as a therapeutic agent for patients with T2DM who show cognitive deficits. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Cognitive impairments, Pro-inflammatory cytokines, Amyloid-beta, Metformin
{"title":"Metformin Mitigates Memory Impairment of Diabetic Mice through Modulation of Plasma Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Aβ1-42 Levels","authors":"Yoottana Janthakhin, S. Kingtong, Chutima Aphibanthammakit, Sirikran Juntapremjit","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Experimental and clinical studies reported that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cognitive dysfunction and promotes the onset of dementia. Metformin is an antihyperglycemic drug used for the treatment of T2DM. A growing number of evidence revealed neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation effects exerted by metformin. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on cognitive function, systemic proinflammatory cytokines and amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) which is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in diabetic mice. C57BL/6N mice were divided into the following experimental groups: normal control group (NC); diabetes mellitus group (DM) induced by a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection; diabetes mellitus treated with metformin 100 mg/kg (DM+Met). Cognitive performance was evaluated by the novel object recognition test (NORT). Systemic proinflammatory cytokines and Aβ1-42 were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) test. We found that diabetic mice exhibited cognitive impairment in NORT whereas the treatment with metformin restored the cognitive function of diabetic mice. Moreover, diabetic mice presented an increase in plasma IL-6 and TNF-α levels while Aβ1-42 was decreased when compared to NC mice. Nevertheless, the administration of metformin allowed the levels of plasma IL-6, TNF-α, and Aβ1-42 to normalize in diabetic mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that metformin improves the cognitive function of diabetic mice possibly via the modulation of plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines and Aβ1-42 levels. Metformin may potentially be used as a therapeutic agent for patients with T2DM who show cognitive deficits. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Cognitive impairments, Pro-inflammatory cytokines, Amyloid-beta, Metformin","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124787761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Setiawan, P. B. Timotiwu, Agustiansyah, M. S. Hadi, M. Kamal, Ardian, W. Setiawan
Abstract The important part of cassava root is starch which is probably controlled by starch synthase type IV (SSIV) gene. The information of micro nutrient and harvest age related to the activity starch synthase type IV (SSIV) gene is still very rare. The objectives of this study were to evaluate root fresh weight of cassava, to compare yield of storage root, and to evaluate the activity of starch synthase type IV (SSIV) gene by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) applied by micro nutrient fertilizer. Treatments were arranged by factorial (3 × 3) in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications used as block. The first factor was three different dosages of micro nutrient fertilizer as 0, 20, and 40 kg/ha. The second factor was harvest ages as 7, 8, and 10 months after planting (MAP). The micro nutrient fertilizer mainly contents of 5,888 ppm Fe and 1,368 ppm Zn. Variables were leaf number (LN), leaf fresh weight (LFW), leaf dry weight (LDW), stem fresh weight (SFW), stem dry weight (SDW), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), skin root fresh weight (SRFW), skin root dry weight (SRDW), starch content, and activity of SSIV gene. The result showed that RDW of cassava applied by 40 kg micro nutrient/ha was significantly increased at 10 MAP. The increase in RDW was due to mainly high SSIV gene activity. Additionally, the SSIV gene activity caused by 20 kg micro nutrient/ha treatment showed almost as twice as those by 40 kg micro nutrient/ha. Keywords: Real-time PCR, Root dry weight, Root yield, Starch, Stem dry weight
{"title":"Root Yield and Starch Synthase Type IV Gene Activity under Different Micro Nutrient Fertilizer and Harvest Ages on Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)","authors":"K. Setiawan, P. B. Timotiwu, Agustiansyah, M. S. Hadi, M. Kamal, Ardian, W. Setiawan","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The important part of cassava root is starch which is probably controlled by starch synthase type IV (SSIV) gene. The information of micro nutrient and harvest age related to the activity starch synthase type IV (SSIV) gene is still very rare. The objectives of this study were to evaluate root fresh weight of cassava, to compare yield of storage root, and to evaluate the activity of starch synthase type IV (SSIV) gene by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) applied by micro nutrient fertilizer. Treatments were arranged by factorial (3 × 3) in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications used as block. The first factor was three different dosages of micro nutrient fertilizer as 0, 20, and 40 kg/ha. The second factor was harvest ages as 7, 8, and 10 months after planting (MAP). The micro nutrient fertilizer mainly contents of 5,888 ppm Fe and 1,368 ppm Zn. Variables were leaf number (LN), leaf fresh weight (LFW), leaf dry weight (LDW), stem fresh weight (SFW), stem dry weight (SDW), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), skin root fresh weight (SRFW), skin root dry weight (SRDW), starch content, and activity of SSIV gene. The result showed that RDW of cassava applied by 40 kg micro nutrient/ha was significantly increased at 10 MAP. The increase in RDW was due to mainly high SSIV gene activity. Additionally, the SSIV gene activity caused by 20 kg micro nutrient/ha treatment showed almost as twice as those by 40 kg micro nutrient/ha. Keywords: Real-time PCR, Root dry weight, Root yield, Starch, Stem dry weight","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116449626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Priyono, Fajar Sofyantoro, Wahyu Aristyaning Putri, Nur Indah Septriani, Annas Rabbani, Tuty Arisuryanti
Abstract Indonesia is well-known for having a vast and rich endowment of unique and genetically diverse biodiversity resources. Currently, initiatives are taking place around the world to generate DNA barcode libraries to make these data available to better understand biodiversity. The objectives of this study are to document DNA barcode research trends and detect the extent to which its application has evolved in Indonesia. The analysis was investigated using a compilation of 446 published papers, obtained from Harzing's Publish or Perish 8. The number of DNA barcode publication records has increased by a geometric average of 15.4/year. The number of studies involving molecular identification (30.1%), species and genetic diversity (10%), and evolutionary or phylogenetic studies (10%) appears to have driven much of the publication activity. The top three taxa studied include fishes (32.7%), plants (24.8%), and invertebrates (12.5%; except insects). We discovered that using a single molecular marker is still dominant (62.8%). We conclude that the practices of DNA barcoding data are likely to become a valuable resource in many sectors and focuses. However, the number of Indonesian DNA barcode records in public databases is relatively lower than in other mega biodiversity countries. The establishment of DNA barcoding initiatives and a national DNA barcode reference library in Indonesia would promote DNA barcoding applications to help conserve Indonesia biodiversity. Keywords: Biodiversity, DNA barcode, Indonesia, Research trends
{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Indonesia Biodiversity Identification through DNA Barcoding Research from 2004-2021","authors":"D. Priyono, Fajar Sofyantoro, Wahyu Aristyaning Putri, Nur Indah Septriani, Annas Rabbani, Tuty Arisuryanti","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Indonesia is well-known for having a vast and rich endowment of unique and genetically diverse biodiversity resources. Currently, initiatives are taking place around the world to generate DNA barcode libraries to make these data available to better understand biodiversity. The objectives of this study are to document DNA barcode research trends and detect the extent to which its application has evolved in Indonesia. The analysis was investigated using a compilation of 446 published papers, obtained from Harzing's Publish or Perish 8. The number of DNA barcode publication records has increased by a geometric average of 15.4/year. The number of studies involving molecular identification (30.1%), species and genetic diversity (10%), and evolutionary or phylogenetic studies (10%) appears to have driven much of the publication activity. The top three taxa studied include fishes (32.7%), plants (24.8%), and invertebrates (12.5%; except insects). We discovered that using a single molecular marker is still dominant (62.8%). We conclude that the practices of DNA barcoding data are likely to become a valuable resource in many sectors and focuses. However, the number of Indonesian DNA barcode records in public databases is relatively lower than in other mega biodiversity countries. The establishment of DNA barcoding initiatives and a national DNA barcode reference library in Indonesia would promote DNA barcoding applications to help conserve Indonesia biodiversity. Keywords: Biodiversity, DNA barcode, Indonesia, Research trends","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121331757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Chutoam, Suthasinee Jinda, Supannee Lethochavalit, Uraiwan Intamaso
Abstract Viral contamination may occur at any stage of food processing. The study aim was to develop a two-step reverse transcription (RT)-recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay and evaluate for in-field duplex detection of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus in oysters. The RNA expression plasmids were generated by amplifying a fragment of the VP1 gene of HAV and norovirus through PCR and cloning it into an expression vector. The RNAs were transcribed in vitro from the plasmids and further used for reverse transcription. The resulting single-stranded cDNAs were used as the purified or spiking templates to determine the sensitivities of simplex and duplex RT-RPA compared with RT-PCR, and RT-qPCR assays. The reproducibility and application of duplex RT-RPA in the field were also evaluated. Our results showed that simplex RT-RPA was at least 100 times more sensitive than RT-PCR and RT-qPCR and even more than duplex detection using purified targets. Unlike RT-PCR, the RT-RPA reaction was unaffected by inhibitors found in food, allowing simple sample preparation methods for detection within a fraction of the time. The duplex assay detected HAV, norovirus, or both in 12/30 (40%) oyster samples tested. Duplex RT-RPA proved to be a rapid, accurate, and reproducible method in a field test for detecting HAV and norovirus. Thus, duplex RT-RPA should be suitable for use in minimally equipped laboratories and field settings. If in-field RT-RPA services are provided to oyster farmers, the technique can minimize the risk of infection to consumers, thereby improving food safety. Keywords: Food safety, Hepatitis A virus, Direct extraction, Norovirus, Nucleic acid amplification
{"title":"Development of a Reverse Transcription-Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Duplex Detection of Foodborne Viruses in Oysters","authors":"P. Chutoam, Suthasinee Jinda, Supannee Lethochavalit, Uraiwan Intamaso","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Viral contamination may occur at any stage of food processing. The study aim was to develop a two-step reverse transcription (RT)-recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay and evaluate for in-field duplex detection of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus in oysters. The RNA expression plasmids were generated by amplifying a fragment of the VP1 gene of HAV and norovirus through PCR and cloning it into an expression vector. The RNAs were transcribed in vitro from the plasmids and further used for reverse transcription. The resulting single-stranded cDNAs were used as the purified or spiking templates to determine the sensitivities of simplex and duplex RT-RPA compared with RT-PCR, and RT-qPCR assays. The reproducibility and application of duplex RT-RPA in the field were also evaluated. Our results showed that simplex RT-RPA was at least 100 times more sensitive than RT-PCR and RT-qPCR and even more than duplex detection using purified targets. Unlike RT-PCR, the RT-RPA reaction was unaffected by inhibitors found in food, allowing simple sample preparation methods for detection within a fraction of the time. The duplex assay detected HAV, norovirus, or both in 12/30 (40%) oyster samples tested. Duplex RT-RPA proved to be a rapid, accurate, and reproducible method in a field test for detecting HAV and norovirus. Thus, duplex RT-RPA should be suitable for use in minimally equipped laboratories and field settings. If in-field RT-RPA services are provided to oyster farmers, the technique can minimize the risk of infection to consumers, thereby improving food safety. Keywords: Food safety, Hepatitis A virus, Direct extraction, Norovirus, Nucleic acid amplification","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"51 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131471299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：