Thavaree Thilavech, Achira Sutiyaporn, P. Kanchanadumkerng, Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato, W. Parichatikanond, P. Charoenwiwattanakij, S. Chewchinda
The reduction of sugar and the supplementation of bioactive ingredients in gummy jelly help to improve the healthy characteristics of a product that is normally devoid of any nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a reduced calorie gummy jelly supplemented with Lysiphyllum strychnifolium leaf extract (LS gummy jelly). The gummy jelly was formulated by total substitution of sucrose with a sugar alcohol, xylitol. The antioxidant activities of LS gummy jelly determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay was 0.07 ± 0.02 g ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g gummy jelly. The results of ABTS radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay were found to be 0.21 ± 0.02 g TEAC/100 g gummy jelly and 0.98 ± 0.07 mmol FeSO4/100 g gummy jelly, respectively. The percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase activity of LS gummy jelly (at concentration 10 mg/ml) was 46.1 ± 7.9%. The LS gummy jelly was successfully developed with good physical characteristics and negative results for microbiological tests. HPLC quantitative analysis of gallic acid, the major active compound in L. strychnifolium leaf extract, was found to be 0.45 ± 0.04 mg/g of gummy jelly. According to preference ranking test (n=50), the results showed that berry flavor was preferred for LS gummy jelly. Thus, LS gummy jelly could be considered as a promising antioxidant functional food product that could provide health benefits to consumers. Keywords: α-glucosidase, Antioxidant, Gummy jelly, Lysiphyllum strychnifolium
{"title":"Development of Gummy Jelly Incorporated with Lysiphyllum strychnifolium Leaf Extract and Its Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities","authors":"Thavaree Thilavech, Achira Sutiyaporn, P. Kanchanadumkerng, Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato, W. Parichatikanond, P. Charoenwiwattanakij, S. Chewchinda","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"The reduction of sugar and the supplementation of bioactive ingredients in gummy jelly help to improve the healthy characteristics of a product that is normally devoid of any nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a reduced calorie gummy jelly supplemented with Lysiphyllum strychnifolium leaf extract (LS gummy jelly). The gummy jelly was formulated by total substitution of sucrose with a sugar alcohol, xylitol. The antioxidant activities of LS gummy jelly determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay was 0.07 ± 0.02 g ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g gummy jelly. The results of ABTS radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay were found to be 0.21 ± 0.02 g TEAC/100 g gummy jelly and 0.98 ± 0.07 mmol FeSO4/100 g gummy jelly, respectively. The percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase activity of LS gummy jelly (at concentration 10 mg/ml) was 46.1 ± 7.9%. The LS gummy jelly was successfully developed with good physical characteristics and negative results for microbiological tests. HPLC quantitative analysis of gallic acid, the major active compound in L. strychnifolium leaf extract, was found to be 0.45 ± 0.04 mg/g of gummy jelly. According to preference ranking test (n=50), the results showed that berry flavor was preferred for LS gummy jelly. Thus, LS gummy jelly could be considered as a promising antioxidant functional food product that could provide health benefits to consumers. Keywords: α-glucosidase, Antioxidant, Gummy jelly, Lysiphyllum strychnifolium","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115168554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Alpha-pinene (AP) is produced by pine trees and other plants. The AP exhibits various biological activities such as the development of antimicrobial and antiviral agents, flavors, fragrances, and fungicidal agents. The toxicity data for AP are limited. This study aimed to determine the embryotoxic effects of AP in zebrafish embryos. 1.5 hpf zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of AP for 72 hours. The LC50 and EC50 values for AP were determined as 441.360 mg/L and 367.795 mg/L, respectively. The embryos were not much affected by AP until hatching. In addition, AP showed teratogenic effects at high doses (320 and 640 mg/L). Typical lesions were an absence of somite (≤48 hpf), lordosis, yolk sac deformity, tail abnormality, cardiac edema, and eye shrinkage (≤ 72 hpf). However, survival rates of zebrafish embryos in the 20, 40, and 80 mg/L AP groups were greater than 80 % during the exposure period. Very low teratogenicity for zebrafish embryos was observed in the 160 mg/L AP group. The results show virtually no embryotoxicity and teratogenicity at 20 and 40 mg/L AP concentrations. No delay in developmental was also observed. Therefore, AP can be considered a safe compound in the concentrations. Keywords: Alpha-pinene, Embryotoxicity, EC50, LC50, Zebrafish
{"title":"The Embryotoxicity of Alpha-Pinene to the Early Life Stages of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio Hamilton, 1822)","authors":"T. Şişman, Zeynep Ceylan","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.020","url":null,"abstract":"The Alpha-pinene (AP) is produced by pine trees and other plants. The AP exhibits various biological activities such as the development of antimicrobial and antiviral agents, flavors, fragrances, and fungicidal agents. The toxicity data for AP are limited. This study aimed to determine the embryotoxic effects of AP in zebrafish embryos. 1.5 hpf zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of AP for 72 hours. The LC50 and EC50 values for AP were determined as 441.360 mg/L and 367.795 mg/L, respectively. The embryos were not much affected by AP until hatching. In addition, AP showed teratogenic effects at high doses (320 and 640 mg/L). Typical lesions were an absence of somite (≤48 hpf), lordosis, yolk sac deformity, tail abnormality, cardiac edema, and eye shrinkage (≤ 72 hpf). However, survival rates of zebrafish embryos in the 20, 40, and 80 mg/L AP groups were greater than 80 % during the exposure period. Very low teratogenicity for zebrafish embryos was observed in the 160 mg/L AP group. The results show virtually no embryotoxicity and teratogenicity at 20 and 40 mg/L AP concentrations. No delay in developmental was also observed. Therefore, AP can be considered a safe compound in the concentrations. Keywords: Alpha-pinene, Embryotoxicity, EC50, LC50, Zebrafish","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115720669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sein, Arnone Nithichanon, N. Chantratita, Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong, G. Lertmemongkolchai
Migrant workers from Myanmar living in Thailand have significantly increased, these migrant workers may display health risk of common bacterial infections and host immune response of Myanmar workers to those common bacterial infections is still not well known. In this study, we observed antibodies and interferon-gamma to the common bacteria causing sepsis in this area, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa including Burkholderia pseudomallei which is pathogenic and endemic in this area. The results showed that Myanmar workers decreased cellular function of interferon-gamma response, compared with native Thai workers. But the humoral response of human IgG showed no significant difference between Myanmar and Thai workers. Even though E. coli and K. pneumonia induced lower level of plasma IgG response than the other two bacteria, but host plasma could effectively kill and clear the bacteria within an hour in vitro. Interestingly, the level of anti-Hcp 1, which is a diagnostic marker for B. pseudomallei, was low in Myanmar workers suggesting no exposure to this organism. However, the sample size should be increased to reach the conclusion. Our study could provide useful information for Myanmar migrant workers to promote safe working and awareness of health risks to bacterial infections. Keywords: Burkholderia pseudomallei, Hcp-1, Interferon gamma, Plasma IgG, Myanmar migrant workers
{"title":"Immune Response to Common Bacteria Causing Sepsis in Myanmar Workers in Northeast Thailand: A Preliminary Study","authors":"M. Sein, Arnone Nithichanon, N. Chantratita, Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong, G. Lertmemongkolchai","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"Migrant workers from Myanmar living in Thailand have significantly increased, these migrant workers may display health risk of common bacterial infections and host immune response of Myanmar workers to those common bacterial infections is still not well known. In this study, we observed antibodies and interferon-gamma to the common bacteria causing sepsis in this area, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa including Burkholderia pseudomallei which is pathogenic and endemic in this area. The results showed that Myanmar workers decreased cellular function of interferon-gamma response, compared with native Thai workers. But the humoral response of human IgG showed no significant difference between Myanmar and Thai workers. Even though E. coli and K. pneumonia induced lower level of plasma IgG response than the other two bacteria, but host plasma could effectively kill and clear the bacteria within an hour in vitro. Interestingly, the level of anti-Hcp 1, which is a diagnostic marker for B. pseudomallei, was low in Myanmar workers suggesting no exposure to this organism. However, the sample size should be increased to reach the conclusion. Our study could provide useful information for Myanmar migrant workers to promote safe working and awareness of health risks to bacterial infections. Keywords: Burkholderia pseudomallei, Hcp-1, Interferon gamma, Plasma IgG, Myanmar migrant workers","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122309040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonina Marie J. Tengco, L. Atienza, D. J. Sunico, A. Cayetano, A. Barrion, M. Estacio, K. Castillo-Israel
Bignay (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) is a fruit-bearing tree that is indigenous to the Philippines and in different parts of Asia with bignay-common and bignay-kalabaw as the two most locally abundant cultivars. Its fruits are being consumed as food and have been recently studied for its antioxidant properties. However, several chemical constituents of bignay fruit are still yet to be explored. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals present in bignay-common and bignay-kalabaw fruit. Using HPLC analysis, bignay-kalabaw was observed to have higher vitamin A and E contents than bignay-common. On the other hand, bignay-common was higher in terms of vitamin C content with 25.996 ± 0.688 mg/100 g freeze-dried fruit compared to bignay-kalabaw. Mineral analysis using ICP-OES revealed that bignay-kalabaw fruit had more calcium, copper, and manganese content than bignay-common. Conversely, bignay-common had significantly higher iron content than bignay-kalabaw. Qualitative screening using methanolic extracts revealed that both cultivars possessed 9 out of the 14 phytochemicals tested, namely tannins, saponins, flavonoids, quinones, terpenoids, phenols, coumarins, steroids, and phlobatannins. The findings obtained in the present study indicate that the fruits of these bignay cultivars contain health-promoting compounds and have potential to be used as food supplements. Further in vitro studies for the two bignay cultivars are recommended. Keywords: Antidesma, ‘Common’, ‘Kalabaw’, Nutritional, Phytochemical
{"title":"Nutritional and Phytochemical Content of Freeze-Dried Fruits of Two Philippine Bignay (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) Cultivars","authors":"Jonina Marie J. Tengco, L. Atienza, D. J. Sunico, A. Cayetano, A. Barrion, M. Estacio, K. Castillo-Israel","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.028","url":null,"abstract":"Bignay (Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng) is a fruit-bearing tree that is indigenous to the Philippines and in different parts of Asia with bignay-common and bignay-kalabaw as the two most locally abundant cultivars. Its fruits are being consumed as food and have been recently studied for its antioxidant properties. However, several chemical constituents of bignay fruit are still yet to be explored. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals present in bignay-common and bignay-kalabaw fruit. Using HPLC analysis, bignay-kalabaw was observed to have higher vitamin A and E contents than bignay-common. On the other hand, bignay-common was higher in terms of vitamin C content with 25.996 ± 0.688 mg/100 g freeze-dried fruit compared to bignay-kalabaw. Mineral analysis using ICP-OES revealed that bignay-kalabaw fruit had more calcium, copper, and manganese content than bignay-common. Conversely, bignay-common had significantly higher iron content than bignay-kalabaw. Qualitative screening using methanolic extracts revealed that both cultivars possessed 9 out of the 14 phytochemicals tested, namely tannins, saponins, flavonoids, quinones, terpenoids, phenols, coumarins, steroids, and phlobatannins. The findings obtained in the present study indicate that the fruits of these bignay cultivars contain health-promoting compounds and have potential to be used as food supplements. Further in vitro studies for the two bignay cultivars are recommended. Keywords: Antidesma, ‘Common’, ‘Kalabaw’, Nutritional, Phytochemical","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129421405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information on the impact of biochar and poultry manure on soil characteristics and sweet potato productivity in the humid tropics is lacking. Hence, field experiments were conducted at two locations during the 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons to assess the effects of biochar (B), poultry manure (PM), and their mixture on soil physical and chemical properties, growth and tuber yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Each year, the experiment consisted of 4 × 3 factorial combinations of biochar (0, 10.0, 20.0 and 30.0 t ha-1) and poultry manure (0, 5.0 and 10.0 t ha-1). The findings revealed that using B and PM alone, as well as in combination, improved soil physical and chemical qualities, as well as sweet potato performance. Significant interactions of B and PM (B × PM) were observed on soil characteristics and sweet potato variables that were measured in both years, showing B’s potential in enhancing PM use efficiency. Pooled over two years, application of the highest dosage of 30.0 t ha-1 B + 10.0 t ha-1 PM significantly increased tuber yield of sweet potato compared with other treatments. The multiple regressions showed that both soil physical (bulk density, porosity and moisture content) and chemical (pH, OC, TN, P, K, Ca, and Mg) properties had a significant impact on sweet potato leaf area and tuber yield. The findings indicated that B and PM have the ability to improve soil quality and sweet potato production. Keywords: Biochar; Poultry manure; Soil properties; Sweet potato; Alfisols
关于生物炭和禽粪对潮湿热带地区土壤特性和甘薯生产力影响的信息缺乏。为此，在2019年和2020年两个种植季在两个地点进行了田间试验，以评估生物炭(B)、禽粪(PM)及其混合物对甘薯土壤理化性质、生长和块茎产量的影响。每年试验采用生物炭(0、10.0、20.0和30.0 t ha-1)和禽粪(0、5.0和10.0 t ha-1)的4 × 3因子组合。结果表明，单独使用B和PM以及组合使用可以改善土壤理化品质，并改善甘薯的生产性能。B和PM (B × PM)对土壤特征和甘薯变量的交互作用显著，表明B具有提高PM利用效率的潜力。综合两年，施用最高剂量30.0 t hm -1 B + 10.0 t hm -1 PM较其他处理显著提高甘薯块茎产量。多元回归分析表明，土壤物理特性(容重、孔隙度和含水量)和化学特性(pH、OC、TN、P、K、Ca和Mg)对甘薯叶面积和块茎产量均有显著影响。结果表明，B和PM具有改善土壤质量和甘薯产量的作用。关键词:生物炭;家禽粪便;土壤属性;红薯;湿润
{"title":"Effects of Biochar and Poultry Manure Amendments on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Growth and Sweet Potato Yield in Degraded Alfisols of Humid Tropics","authors":"T. Agbede, Adefemi Oyewumi","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.023","url":null,"abstract":"Information on the impact of biochar and poultry manure on soil characteristics and sweet potato productivity in the humid tropics is lacking. Hence, field experiments were conducted at two locations during the 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons to assess the effects of biochar (B), poultry manure (PM), and their mixture on soil physical and chemical properties, growth and tuber yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Each year, the experiment consisted of 4 × 3 factorial combinations of biochar (0, 10.0, 20.0 and 30.0 t ha-1) and poultry manure (0, 5.0 and 10.0 t ha-1). The findings revealed that using B and PM alone, as well as in combination, improved soil physical and chemical qualities, as well as sweet potato performance. Significant interactions of B and PM (B × PM) were observed on soil characteristics and sweet potato variables that were measured in both years, showing B’s potential in enhancing PM use efficiency. Pooled over two years, application of the highest dosage of 30.0 t ha-1 B + 10.0 t ha-1 PM significantly increased tuber yield of sweet potato compared with other treatments. The multiple regressions showed that both soil physical (bulk density, porosity and moisture content) and chemical (pH, OC, TN, P, K, Ca, and Mg) properties had a significant impact on sweet potato leaf area and tuber yield. The findings indicated that B and PM have the ability to improve soil quality and sweet potato production. Keywords: Biochar; Poultry manure; Soil properties; Sweet potato; Alfisols","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130762433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purilarp Daoaroonkiet, Siriaran Kwangsukstith, Salin Srichai, Swasamon Jaidee, Metha Emthanom, Pijitra Sujitpiriyakit, T. Sastraruji, S. Sookkhee
The present study aimed to investigate the hospital-acquired Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase production (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli, to identify the significant ESBL peptide spectra after exposure to ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and to identify the resistant peptide spectra after exposure to ciprofloxacin. ESBL production and the minimal inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin were investigated using the Epsilometer strip test. Their colonies were collected to analyze the peptide spectra by VITEK® Mass Spectrometry. The significant difference in spectrum intensity for suspected ESBL peptide spectra, and DNA starvation/stationary phase protection (Dps) -like peptide spectra were also determined. Among 228 isolates, the high ESBL-producing E. coli which exhibited high ciprofloxacin resistance was demonstrated as 22.63%. The significant reduction of spectrum intensity after exposure to ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was only detected at spectrum 9714 Da in the high ESBL-producing group (P ≤0.001). Among four selected high ESBL producers, only one significant spectrum located at 9063 Da was detected in the high ciprofloxacin-resistant group (P ≤0.001) after being exposed to ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin. The highest percentage increase of spectrum 9063 Da was 69.42%. Multidrug resistance was demonstrated in the tested E. coli isolates, especially β-lactam resistance which may be caused by their ESBL production. It may be said that the peptide spectrum located at 9714, and 9063 Da were suspected as the ESBL indicative peptide spectrum in the high ESBL producers, and as the Dps indicative peptide spectrum in the high ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates. Keywords: Peptide spectra analysis, DNA starvation/stationary phase protection like protein, Hospital-acquired infection, Extended spectrum β-lactamase, Escherichia coli, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time Of Flight
{"title":"Peptide Spectra Analysis of DNA Starvation/Stationary Phase Protection-Like Protein Found in Hospital-Acquired ESBL Producing Escherichia coli by MALDI-TOF Technique","authors":"Purilarp Daoaroonkiet, Siriaran Kwangsukstith, Salin Srichai, Swasamon Jaidee, Metha Emthanom, Pijitra Sujitpiriyakit, T. Sastraruji, S. Sookkhee","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.032","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to investigate the hospital-acquired Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase production (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli, to identify the significant ESBL peptide spectra after exposure to ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and to identify the resistant peptide spectra after exposure to ciprofloxacin. ESBL production and the minimal inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin were investigated using the Epsilometer strip test. Their colonies were collected to analyze the peptide spectra by VITEK® Mass Spectrometry. The significant difference in spectrum intensity for suspected ESBL peptide spectra, and DNA starvation/stationary phase protection (Dps) -like peptide spectra were also determined. Among 228 isolates, the high ESBL-producing E. coli which exhibited high ciprofloxacin resistance was demonstrated as 22.63%. The significant reduction of spectrum intensity after exposure to ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was only detected at spectrum 9714 Da in the high ESBL-producing group (P ≤0.001). Among four selected high ESBL producers, only one significant spectrum located at 9063 Da was detected in the high ciprofloxacin-resistant group (P ≤0.001) after being exposed to ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin. The highest percentage increase of spectrum 9063 Da was 69.42%. Multidrug resistance was demonstrated in the tested E. coli isolates, especially β-lactam resistance which may be caused by their ESBL production. It may be said that the peptide spectrum located at 9714, and 9063 Da were suspected as the ESBL indicative peptide spectrum in the high ESBL producers, and as the Dps indicative peptide spectrum in the high ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates. Keywords: Peptide spectra analysis, DNA starvation/stationary phase protection like protein, Hospital-acquired infection, Extended spectrum β-lactamase, Escherichia coli, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time Of Flight","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131238845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, in vitro antimicrobial activity, DNA damage activity, and bioactive compound identifications in three different banana peels, namely Musa acuminata (Kluai Hom Thong; HT), Musa sapientum L. (Kluai Nam Wa; NW), and Musa balbisiana (Kluai Ta Nee; TN). The extraction was accomplished through maceration with 95% ethanol. Antioxidant capacity was determined to confirm the antioxidant and phytochemical contents. Their antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli) that commonly infect livestock. ANOVA analysis was used to statistically analyze the results. The amount of ethanolic extractive yield in NW peel extracts was the highest value (9.80 ± 0.12% of dry material weight). In addition, NW had the highest total phenolic content than that of other species, which may be related to its high FRAP, DPPH-antiradical, and DNA damage activity. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of NW peel extracts was more effective against B. subtilis, S. aureus, and E. coli with the mean inhibition zone of 13, 15 and 13 mm respectively. The bioactive compounds were identified using GC-MS. Several antioxidant compounds included n-hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, and squalene. While phytol and squalene were found to possess antibacterial activity. The extracts of banana peels contained 9,19-cyclolanost-25-en-3-ol, 24-methyl-, (3.beta.,24S)- which exhibited antibacterial activity against E.coli. Phytochemical characteristics, antibacterial activity, and bioactive components of NW banana peel extracts were superior to those of HT and TN. Keywords: GC-MS, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Musa acuminata, Musa sapientum L., Musa balbisiana
摘要研究了三种不同香蕉果皮的植物化学成分、抗氧化活性、体外抗菌活性、DNA损伤活性和生物活性化合物的鉴定。(HT)，葵南洼;西北)和Musa balbisiana (Kluai Ta Nee;TN)。采用95%乙醇浸渍法提取。测定其抗氧化能力，确定其抗氧化和植物化学成分。它们对通常感染牲畜的致病菌(枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌)具有抗菌活性。采用方差分析对结果进行统计分析。NW果皮提取物的乙醇提取率最高(占干料重的9.80±0.12%)。此外，NW的总酚含量最高，这可能与其较高的FRAP、dpph抗自由基和DNA损伤活性有关。此外，NW果皮提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌活性更强，平均抑菌带分别为13、15和13 mm。采用气相色谱-质谱法鉴定其生物活性成分。几种抗氧化化合物包括正十六烷酸、十六烷酸、乙酯和角鲨烯。而叶绿醇和角鲨烯则具有抗菌活性。香蕉皮提取物中含有9,19-环烷醇-25-烯-3-醇，24 -甲基-，(3 - β，24S)-，对大肠杆菌具有抗菌活性。NW香蕉皮提取物的植物化学特性、抑菌活性和生物活性成分均优于HT和TN。关键词:GC-MS，抗氧化，抗菌，尖锐芭蕉，智慧芭蕉，balbisiana
{"title":"Phytochemical Properties, In Vitro Antimicrobial, and Bioactive Compounds of Banana Peel Extractions Using GC-MS","authors":"","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.021","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, in vitro antimicrobial activity, DNA damage activity, and bioactive compound identifications in three different banana peels, namely Musa acuminata (Kluai Hom Thong; HT), Musa sapientum L. (Kluai Nam Wa; NW), and Musa balbisiana (Kluai Ta Nee; TN). The extraction was accomplished through maceration with 95% ethanol. Antioxidant capacity was determined to confirm the antioxidant and phytochemical contents. Their antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli) that commonly infect livestock. ANOVA analysis was used to statistically analyze the results. The amount of ethanolic extractive yield in NW peel extracts was the highest value (9.80 ± 0.12% of dry material weight). In addition, NW had the highest total phenolic content than that of other species, which may be related to its high FRAP, DPPH-antiradical, and DNA damage activity. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of NW peel extracts was more effective against B. subtilis, S. aureus, and E. coli with the mean inhibition zone of 13, 15 and 13 mm respectively. The bioactive compounds were identified using GC-MS. Several antioxidant compounds included n-hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, and squalene. While phytol and squalene were found to possess antibacterial activity. The extracts of banana peels contained 9,19-cyclolanost-25-en-3-ol, 24-methyl-, (3.beta.,24S)- which exhibited antibacterial activity against E.coli. Phytochemical characteristics, antibacterial activity, and bioactive components of NW banana peel extracts were superior to those of HT and TN. Keywords: GC-MS, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Musa acuminata, Musa sapientum L., Musa balbisiana","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126567645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, natural pigments are replacing synthetic colourants due to their undesirable side effects. Microorganisms are a major source of natural colours and can produce a variety of pigments that have high value in food and textile industries. In the present work, the isolation of a novel microbe capable of producing a stable and high intense red pigment and its optimization is attempted. In this study, purification, characterization and optimization of pigment production by a bacterium isolated from the anthill soil are reported. The bacterial isolate was biochemically identified as Micrococcus sp., and was confirmed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The effects of carbon and nitrogen source, temperature, pH and oxygen availability on pigment production were investigated. Optimum growth was observed with a pH 6 and 5% glycerol and incubation at 28°C at 220 RPM. Three pigments were extracted and purified by column chromatography. The extracted red pigment was characterized using UV-visible, Mass and NMR spectroscopy and was confirmed as the carotenoid, echinenone (beta, beta-Caroten-4-one). After optimization, a yield of 25.98 mg/L of total carotenoid was produced by Micrococcus sp. The extracted carotenoid pigment can be used as natural colouring agent in food and textile industry. Keywords: Microbial pigments, Carotenoids, Micrococcus, Natural dyes, Eco-friendly
{"title":"Production, Characterization and Optimization of Red Pigment Echinenone Produced by Micrococcus sp., Isolated from Soil","authors":"Savinay K Jain, Dhamodhar Prakash, A. S, H. J N","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, natural pigments are replacing synthetic colourants due to their undesirable side effects. Microorganisms are a major source of natural colours and can produce a variety of pigments that have high value in food and textile industries. In the present work, the isolation of a novel microbe capable of producing a stable and high intense red pigment and its optimization is attempted. In this study, purification, characterization and optimization of pigment production by a bacterium isolated from the anthill soil are reported. The bacterial isolate was biochemically identified as Micrococcus sp., and was confirmed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The effects of carbon and nitrogen source, temperature, pH and oxygen availability on pigment production were investigated. Optimum growth was observed with a pH 6 and 5% glycerol and incubation at 28°C at 220 RPM. Three pigments were extracted and purified by column chromatography. The extracted red pigment was characterized using UV-visible, Mass and NMR spectroscopy and was confirmed as the carotenoid, echinenone (beta, beta-Caroten-4-one). After optimization, a yield of 25.98 mg/L of total carotenoid was produced by Micrococcus sp. The extracted carotenoid pigment can be used as natural colouring agent in food and textile industry. Keywords: Microbial pigments, Carotenoids, Micrococcus, Natural dyes, Eco-friendly","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126580897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Setiawan, C. Prahasanti, Melissa Tionardus, W. Riawan
The current goal of periodontal treatments is to regenerate periodontal tissue by adding bone grafts. Various materials are being explored as bone substitutes, including type 1 collagen. Gourami fish scales are known to be an alternative source of type 1 collagen and have potential as a substitute material for bone grafts. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an increase in the expression of Osterix (OSX) and SOX9 after the administration of gourami (Osphronemus goramy) fish scale collagen in extracted socket Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The research was conducted on 32 male Wistar rats that were classified into four groups: control groups on day 7 (K7) and day 14 (K14); and treatment groups on day 7 (P7) and day 14 (P14). The expression of OSX and SOX9 was visualized by immunohistochemical staining of bone tissue preparations by anti-OSX and SOX9 monoclonal antibodies. The ANOVA results for OSX expression had a significant difference in OSX expression between that in the control and treatment groups on day 7 and day 14. The ANOVA results for SOX9 expression on day 7 had a significant difference in SOX9 expression between that in the control and treatment groups. ANOVA results for SOX9 expression on day 14 had no significant difference in the expression of SOX9 between the treatment and control groups. The conclusion of this study was administration of Gourami scale collagen can increase the expression of OSX and SOX9 in socket’s Wistar rats. Keywords: Bone grafts, Type 1 collagen, Gourami fish scales, Osterix, SOX9
{"title":"Expression of Osterix and SOX9 after Administration of Gourami Fish Scale Collagen in Wistar Rats","authors":"Jonathan Setiawan, C. Prahasanti, Melissa Tionardus, W. Riawan","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.033","url":null,"abstract":"The current goal of periodontal treatments is to regenerate periodontal tissue by adding bone grafts. Various materials are being explored as bone substitutes, including type 1 collagen. Gourami fish scales are known to be an alternative source of type 1 collagen and have potential as a substitute material for bone grafts. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an increase in the expression of Osterix (OSX) and SOX9 after the administration of gourami (Osphronemus goramy) fish scale collagen in extracted socket Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The research was conducted on 32 male Wistar rats that were classified into four groups: control groups on day 7 (K7) and day 14 (K14); and treatment groups on day 7 (P7) and day 14 (P14). The expression of OSX and SOX9 was visualized by immunohistochemical staining of bone tissue preparations by anti-OSX and SOX9 monoclonal antibodies. The ANOVA results for OSX expression had a significant difference in OSX expression between that in the control and treatment groups on day 7 and day 14. The ANOVA results for SOX9 expression on day 7 had a significant difference in SOX9 expression between that in the control and treatment groups. ANOVA results for SOX9 expression on day 14 had no significant difference in the expression of SOX9 between the treatment and control groups. The conclusion of this study was administration of Gourami scale collagen can increase the expression of OSX and SOX9 in socket’s Wistar rats. Keywords: Bone grafts, Type 1 collagen, Gourami fish scales, Osterix, SOX9","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126340778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Akarapisan, Athidtaya Kumvinit, Supaporn Falert, W. Kositratana
Potato scab is caused by several pathogenic Streptomyces species which diminish crop quality, quantity and marketability. In the present study, a 16S rRNA gene sequence was used to detect Streptomyces species in potato tuber lesions harvested in Chiang Mai, Thailand and to evaluate a virulence gene as a reliable marker for the detection of pathogenic Streptomyces species by PCR assays. Streptomyces isolates were isolated from potato scab lesions, of which one isolate was pathogenic on potato tubers. The pathogenic isolate MJ21 was identified as Streptomyces scabies based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and morphological characteristics. Subsequently, isolate MJ21 produced PCR products from the tomA and txtAB genes, which are related to the production of tomatinase enzyme and thaxtomin A, respectively. Moreover, when grown on nutrient agar (NA) with MJ21, eggplant seedlings showed severe stunting of the roots and shoots, and failed to germinate; by comparison, seedlings/seeds grown on NA plates without MJ21 exhibited no symptoms. This study reports that S. scabies MJ21 has a toxigenic region (TR) that is associated with the tomA and txtAB genes. Keywords: Pathogenicity tests, Potato scab, Streptomyces scabies, Toxigenic region, Virulence gene
{"title":"Identification and Detection of a Virulence Gene of Streptomyces scabies Causing Potato Scab in Thailand","authors":"A. Akarapisan, Athidtaya Kumvinit, Supaporn Falert, W. Kositratana","doi":"10.12982/nlsc.2023.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/nlsc.2023.027","url":null,"abstract":"Potato scab is caused by several pathogenic Streptomyces species which diminish crop quality, quantity and marketability. In the present study, a 16S rRNA gene sequence was used to detect Streptomyces species in potato tuber lesions harvested in Chiang Mai, Thailand and to evaluate a virulence gene as a reliable marker for the detection of pathogenic Streptomyces species by PCR assays. Streptomyces isolates were isolated from potato scab lesions, of which one isolate was pathogenic on potato tubers. The pathogenic isolate MJ21 was identified as Streptomyces scabies based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and morphological characteristics. Subsequently, isolate MJ21 produced PCR products from the tomA and txtAB genes, which are related to the production of tomatinase enzyme and thaxtomin A, respectively. Moreover, when grown on nutrient agar (NA) with MJ21, eggplant seedlings showed severe stunting of the roots and shoots, and failed to germinate; by comparison, seedlings/seeds grown on NA plates without MJ21 exhibited no symptoms. This study reports that S. scabies MJ21 has a toxigenic region (TR) that is associated with the tomA and txtAB genes. Keywords: Pathogenicity tests, Potato scab, Streptomyces scabies, Toxigenic region, Virulence gene","PeriodicalId":132692,"journal":{"name":"Natural and Life Sciences Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125879868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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