Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.1505
Ritu Tiwari, Smita Mishra, Amit Kumar, V. Kalaiselvan, M. Dhobi, R. Raghuvanshi
Hypertension is a significant public health problem worldwide. Nearly two-thirds of all hypertensive patients live in developing and under-developed countries, creating a considerable burden of hypertension. India is among the countries which spend more than one-third of all income on cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. Although several modern medications are available to control the disease symptoms, their expense and side effects restrict their public use. More than 80% of the world's population relies on traditional treatment, which is used recklessly without any restrictions or proof thereof. Indian Pharmacopoeia is working diligently towards standardising herbal drugs and plant-derived pharmaceuticals, i.e., Phyto-pharmaceuticals, to regulate their usage. The present article focuses on the standardisation of marker compounds of different indigenous anti-hypertensive medicinal plants, which can be used as bioactive markers in phytopharmaceutical drug development. The study includes consolidated information about the important anti-hypertensive biomarkers and their identification and assay methodology.
{"title":"Plant active metabolites: A new paradigm in the treatment of Hypertension (a brief description of Indian Pharmacopoeia – 2022 herbal monographs)","authors":"Ritu Tiwari, Smita Mishra, Amit Kumar, V. Kalaiselvan, M. Dhobi, R. Raghuvanshi","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.1505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.1505","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is a significant public health problem worldwide. Nearly two-thirds of all hypertensive patients live in developing and under-developed countries, creating a considerable burden of hypertension. India is among the countries which spend more than one-third of all income on cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. Although several modern medications are available to control the disease symptoms, their expense and side effects restrict their public use. More than 80% of the world's population relies on traditional treatment, which is used recklessly without any restrictions or proof thereof. Indian Pharmacopoeia is working diligently towards standardising herbal drugs and plant-derived pharmaceuticals, i.e., Phyto-pharmaceuticals, to regulate their usage. The present article focuses on the standardisation of marker compounds of different indigenous anti-hypertensive medicinal plants, which can be used as bioactive markers in phytopharmaceutical drug development. The study includes consolidated information about the important anti-hypertensive biomarkers and their identification and assay methodology.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4199
{"title":"An overview of phytomedicinal, ethnobotanical applications and phytochemical constituents of four major Agave species","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1133
{"title":"Inhibition of biofilm growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on tuned polyurethane nanofibers","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4208
S. Khanna, Smriti Sharma, M. Kumari, Kaveri Tyagi, Jupita Handique, L. Mishra, N. Sachdeva, Divya Gnaneswari Mayandi
An in silico docking study was performed to evaluate the interaction of various triterpenoids present in neem with the ecdysone receptor of two economically important lepidopteran pests viz., Helicoverpa armigera (HaEcR) and Plutella xylostella (PxEcR). Twenty triterpenoids were selected for the study, and their docking scores with HaEcR and PxEcR were calculated using the program AutoDock Vina. A commercially available DAH insecticide, tebufenozide, was used as a reference ligand. Out of the twenty triterpenoids used for the study, six and nine triterpenoids recorded binding energy lower than the reference ligand, tebufenozide, when docked with HaEcR and PxEcR, respectively. Four triterpenoids, viz., isomeldenin, azdiradione, 6-deacetylnimbinene, and nimocinol, docked effectively with the ecdysone receptor of both insect pests. In addition, nimbinene and 6-deacetylnimbin also docked effectively with HaEcR and epoxyazadiradione and nimbocinol with PxEcR. Most of the lead compounds were able to form hydrogen bonds with the ecdysone receptor molecule. We found two key amino acid residues, Asn of HaEcR and Ser of PxEcR, at the 504 th position, based on their ability to form hydrogen bonds with many lead triterpenoids tested. Other residues, such as Trp 526 in HaEcR and Lys 372 and Phe 520 in PxEcR, were involved in hydrophobic and π - π stacking interactions with many lead triterpenoids, suggesting these residues as an important point of interaction between receptor and ligand molecules. Triterpenoids such as tirucallol, 3-tigloylazadirachtol, and azadirone, although recorded binding energy lower than tebufenozide when docked with PxEcR, failed the prerequisite conditions laid down by Tice rule for a successful pesticide. The lower binding energy of the lead compounds suggests their stable interaction with the receptor molecule and their possible use as an ecdysone agonist or antagonist for effective insect control.
{"title":"Molecular docking of triterpenoids from Neem with the ecdysone receptor of lepidopteran pests","authors":"S. Khanna, Smriti Sharma, M. Kumari, Kaveri Tyagi, Jupita Handique, L. Mishra, N. Sachdeva, Divya Gnaneswari Mayandi","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4208","url":null,"abstract":"An in silico docking study was performed to evaluate the interaction of various triterpenoids present in neem with the ecdysone receptor of two economically important lepidopteran pests viz., Helicoverpa armigera (HaEcR) and Plutella xylostella (PxEcR). Twenty triterpenoids were selected for the study, and their docking scores with HaEcR and PxEcR were calculated using the program AutoDock Vina. A commercially available DAH insecticide, tebufenozide, was used as a reference ligand. Out of the twenty triterpenoids used for the study, six and nine triterpenoids recorded binding energy lower than the reference ligand, tebufenozide, when docked with HaEcR and PxEcR, respectively. Four triterpenoids, viz., isomeldenin, azdiradione, 6-deacetylnimbinene, and nimocinol, docked effectively with the ecdysone receptor of both insect pests. In addition, nimbinene and 6-deacetylnimbin also docked effectively with HaEcR and epoxyazadiradione and nimbocinol with PxEcR. Most of the lead compounds were able to form hydrogen bonds with the ecdysone receptor molecule. We found two key amino acid residues, Asn of HaEcR and Ser of PxEcR, at the 504 th position, based on their ability to form hydrogen bonds with many lead triterpenoids tested. Other residues, such as Trp 526 in HaEcR and Lys 372 and Phe 520 in PxEcR, were involved in hydrophobic and π - π stacking interactions with many lead triterpenoids, suggesting these residues as an important point of interaction between receptor and ligand molecules. Triterpenoids such as tirucallol, 3-tigloylazadirachtol, and azadirone, although recorded binding energy lower than tebufenozide when docked with PxEcR, failed the prerequisite conditions laid down by Tice rule for a successful pesticide. The lower binding energy of the lead compounds suggests their stable interaction with the receptor molecule and their possible use as an ecdysone agonist or antagonist for effective insect control.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1135
{"title":"Effect of different extraction solvents on the content of Thymoquinone content of Nigella sativa L. seeds using UV-Visible spectroscopy and evaluation of the free radical scavenging activity","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4205
R. Verma, N. Jain
The Solani Aqueduct is 175 years old heritage structure in Roorkee, India. The exterior surface of structure is deteriorated due to fungal infestation. Fungi can spoil valuable heritage sites aesthetically, mechanically and chemically. Five fungi namely: Curvularia pallescens , Fusarium equiseti , Talaromyces purpureogenus , Aspergillus niger , and Alternaria alternata were isolated and identified from exterior surface of the Solani Aqueduct. Essential oils (Eucalyptus, Peppermint, and Clove) were evaluated by using agar well diffusion method against three (out of five) dominating fungi A. niger , T. purpureogenus , and A. alternata to determine the zone of inhibition. The clove oil (10000 ppm) exhibited anti-fungal activity against different fungi in the following order i.e., Alternaria > Talaromyces > Aspergillus . Further, clove oil (10000 ppm) with three individual water-repellent coatings (konex 2318, konex 2319, and zycosil-zycoprime) was applied on a white cement panel to determine their anti-fungal performance against above three fungi. The clove oil (10000 ppm) exhibited effective results against all three fungi up to 28 days. The GC-MS spectra of clove oil exhibited eugenol content of 86.95%. The maximum depth of penetration of coating was determined using various dyes and was recorded as maximum for konex 2319 (3.0 mm) followed by konex 2318 (2.7 mm) and zycosil-zycoprime (1.3 mm). On the basis of visual observation and water hydrophobicity test performed on field trial at surface of Solani Aqueduct, Roorkee, the order of effective protecting coating has been in order off clove oil (10000 ppm) with konex 2319 >konex 2318 >zycosil - zycoprime.
{"title":"Anti-fungal potency of essential oils with coating for surface treatment of heritage Solani Aqueduct, Roorkee, India","authors":"R. Verma, N. Jain","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4205","url":null,"abstract":"The Solani Aqueduct is 175 years old heritage structure in Roorkee, India. The exterior surface of structure is deteriorated due to fungal infestation. Fungi can spoil valuable heritage sites aesthetically, mechanically and chemically. Five fungi namely: Curvularia pallescens , Fusarium equiseti , Talaromyces purpureogenus , Aspergillus niger , and Alternaria alternata were isolated and identified from exterior surface of the Solani Aqueduct. Essential oils (Eucalyptus, Peppermint, and Clove) were evaluated by using agar well diffusion method against three (out of five) dominating fungi A. niger , T. purpureogenus , and A. alternata to determine the zone of inhibition. The clove oil (10000 ppm) exhibited anti-fungal activity against different fungi in the following order i.e., Alternaria > Talaromyces > Aspergillus . Further, clove oil (10000 ppm) with three individual water-repellent coatings (konex 2318, konex 2319, and zycosil-zycoprime) was applied on a white cement panel to determine their anti-fungal performance against above three fungi. The clove oil (10000 ppm) exhibited effective results against all three fungi up to 28 days. The GC-MS spectra of clove oil exhibited eugenol content of 86.95%. The maximum depth of penetration of coating was determined using various dyes and was recorded as maximum for konex 2319 (3.0 mm) followed by konex 2318 (2.7 mm) and zycosil-zycoprime (1.3 mm). On the basis of visual observation and water hydrophobicity test performed on field trial at surface of Solani Aqueduct, Roorkee, the order of effective protecting coating has been in order off clove oil (10000 ppm) with konex 2319 >konex 2318 >zycosil - zycoprime.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1139
{"title":"Antioxidant potential and in vitro cytotoxicity study of Saraca indica extract on lead-induced toxicity in HepG2 and HEK293 cell lines","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4218
E. Mohanachitra, R. Menaka, S. Sundaram
Biosurfactants are microbial amphiphilic compounds, which can reduce surface tension between two immiscible liquids. Indigenous microbes isolated from raw unprocessed cow’s milk were characterized morphologically and biochemically. The biosurfactant-producing ability of the isolates was determined by hemolytic activity, oil displacement technique and their emulsification activity which screened against oil. Biosurfactants were produced and those were tested for their antibacterial activities against various bacterial strains. Then the biosurfactants were added to milk samples for analysing the shelf life of raw unprocessed cow’s milk. The effect of biosurfactants on raw milk is analyzed by visual and microbial enumeration. In this study, 8 indigenous microbes were isolated from raw milk. The best isolates for biosurfactant production were identified as Bacillus sp., and Lactobacillus sp., based on screening assays. The biosurfactant extracted from these screened isolates exhibited antimicrobial activity against infectious agents. Moreover, they showed its effect on the potential enhancement of the shelf life of raw milk. Isolated and screened microflora can be a good source of biosurfactant and they are proven to be a beneficial means for large and small-scale industries to supply good quality milk.
{"title":"Enhancing the shelf life of raw unprocessed milk by bacterial biosurfactants extracted from indigenous microbes present in cow’s milk","authors":"E. Mohanachitra, R. Menaka, S. Sundaram","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4218","url":null,"abstract":"Biosurfactants are microbial amphiphilic compounds, which can reduce surface tension between two immiscible liquids. Indigenous microbes isolated from raw unprocessed cow’s milk were characterized morphologically and biochemically. The biosurfactant-producing ability of the isolates was determined by hemolytic activity, oil displacement technique and their emulsification activity which screened against oil. Biosurfactants were produced and those were tested for their antibacterial activities against various bacterial strains. Then the biosurfactants were added to milk samples for analysing the shelf life of raw unprocessed cow’s milk. The effect of biosurfactants on raw milk is analyzed by visual and microbial enumeration. In this study, 8 indigenous microbes were isolated from raw milk. The best isolates for biosurfactant production were identified as Bacillus sp., and Lactobacillus sp., based on screening assays. The biosurfactant extracted from these screened isolates exhibited antimicrobial activity against infectious agents. Moreover, they showed its effect on the potential enhancement of the shelf life of raw milk. Isolated and screened microflora can be a good source of biosurfactant and they are proven to be a beneficial means for large and small-scale industries to supply good quality milk.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4204
P. Rathod, R. Yadav
Since ancient times, spices such as black pepper, cinnamon, ginger, turmeric, garlic, black cumin, clove, ocimum, saffron, and nutmeg constitute an important part of foods and beverages in India. Besides, adding aroma and flavour to the food, they are also known for multiple medicinal benefits. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an interesting pattern of disease prevalence and severity was observed especially in the countries where spices are consumed regularly. It has attracted researchers worldwide to explore the therapeutic potential of spices in COVID-19 management. Various in silico studies have reported good binding affinities of spices and derived components towards structural druggable targets of SARS-CoV2. There are several compelling pieces of evidence for the role of spices in the attenuation of inflammatory cytokine storm which is the crux in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Therefore, this review is written to provide deep insights into the role of food spices and their underlying mechanism in targeting SARS-CoV2. Based on experimentally verified data from different in-vitro , in-vivo , in-silico , and clinical studies, the information presented will certainly help in the development of promising drug therapeutics or preventive strategies to deal with SARS-CoV2. Further studies geared towards the development of drugs based on spices and derived compounds are suggested.
{"title":"Food spices as potential therapeutic agents in targeting inflammatory cytokine storm: A review on underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targeting strategies for SARS-CoV2","authors":"P. Rathod, R. Yadav","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4204","url":null,"abstract":"Since ancient times, spices such as black pepper, cinnamon, ginger, turmeric, garlic, black cumin, clove, ocimum, saffron, and nutmeg constitute an important part of foods and beverages in India. Besides, adding aroma and flavour to the food, they are also known for multiple medicinal benefits. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an interesting pattern of disease prevalence and severity was observed especially in the countries where spices are consumed regularly. It has attracted researchers worldwide to explore the therapeutic potential of spices in COVID-19 management. Various in silico studies have reported good binding affinities of spices and derived components towards structural druggable targets of SARS-CoV2. There are several compelling pieces of evidence for the role of spices in the attenuation of inflammatory cytokine storm which is the crux in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Therefore, this review is written to provide deep insights into the role of food spices and their underlying mechanism in targeting SARS-CoV2. Based on experimentally verified data from different in-vitro , in-vivo , in-silico , and clinical studies, the information presented will certainly help in the development of promising drug therapeutics or preventive strategies to deal with SARS-CoV2. Further studies geared towards the development of drugs based on spices and derived compounds are suggested.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1134
{"title":"Different extraction methods for Thymoquinone from Nigella sativa L. seeds and antioxidant activity","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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