Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4203
Som K. Madhvi, J. Iqbal, M. Younis, Himachal Pradesh. In, Himachal Pradesh
Aesculus indica , commonly known as Indian horse chestnut, is an indigenous tree of the family Sapindaceae, distributed in Nepal, India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. As an ethnomedicine, its seeds are used to cure jaundice, chest diseases, stomach and joint pain, roots for leucorrhea, and bark for fever and anaemia. The phytochemicals of class phenolic, triterpenoid, glycoside, saponin, and fatty acid have been identified from their different parts and various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycaemic, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, neuro-depressive, spasmolytic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial and insecticidal have been reported, which reflected its medicinal importance. However, most biological activities are on the extracts or fractions and need more in-depth study. Therefore, further research is required on the isolation, identification, and characterization of active phytochemicals from the extracts with their mechanism of pharmacological action and detailed toxicological evaluation. In this review, we aim to provide all information regarding traditional uses, morphology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of A. indica and address the research gaps; therefore, will provide a source of information to the researchers for further studies.
{"title":"Aesculus indica: An ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological review","authors":"Som K. Madhvi, J. Iqbal, M. Younis, Himachal Pradesh. In, Himachal Pradesh","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4203","url":null,"abstract":"Aesculus indica , commonly known as Indian horse chestnut, is an indigenous tree of the family Sapindaceae, distributed in Nepal, India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. As an ethnomedicine, its seeds are used to cure jaundice, chest diseases, stomach and joint pain, roots for leucorrhea, and bark for fever and anaemia. The phytochemicals of class phenolic, triterpenoid, glycoside, saponin, and fatty acid have been identified from their different parts and various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycaemic, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, neuro-depressive, spasmolytic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial and insecticidal have been reported, which reflected its medicinal importance. However, most biological activities are on the extracts or fractions and need more in-depth study. Therefore, further research is required on the isolation, identification, and characterization of active phytochemicals from the extracts with their mechanism of pharmacological action and detailed toxicological evaluation. In this review, we aim to provide all information regarding traditional uses, morphology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of A. indica and address the research gaps; therefore, will provide a source of information to the researchers for further studies.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4209
M. Kumari, Prasanti Sharma, Neelima Sharma
Stress and anxiety are common psychiatric manifestations seen because of modern-day living especially expressed during demanding situations. Boerhaavia diffusa is an important medicinal plant widely used in the northeastern part of India. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-anxiety activities of the hydro-methanolic extract of B. diffusa roots. The antioxidant property of the hydromethanolic extract of B.diffusa was determined by in vitro antioxidant assays such as DPPH scavenging activity. The cytotoxicity of the extract was investigated using SH-SY5Y cell lines and the anxiolytic activity was evaluated using the elevated plus maze test and open field tests. The results imply that the hydromethanolic extract of B. diffusa showed excellent antioxidant activity. The extract did not show any significant toxic effect on SH-SY5Y cells. The hydro-methanolic extract of B. diffusa also demonstrated significant anxiolytic activity at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses. Thus, it can be concluded that the hydromethanolic extract of B. diffusa possesses anxiolytic activity and antioxidant properties, proving its therapeutic usefulness in the treatment of anxiety disorders.
{"title":"Evaluation of anti-anxiety effects of the hydromethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa L. roots in mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress","authors":"M. Kumari, Prasanti Sharma, Neelima Sharma","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i2.4209","url":null,"abstract":"Stress and anxiety are common psychiatric manifestations seen because of modern-day living especially expressed during demanding situations. Boerhaavia diffusa is an important medicinal plant widely used in the northeastern part of India. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-anxiety activities of the hydro-methanolic extract of B. diffusa roots. The antioxidant property of the hydromethanolic extract of B.diffusa was determined by in vitro antioxidant assays such as DPPH scavenging activity. The cytotoxicity of the extract was investigated using SH-SY5Y cell lines and the anxiolytic activity was evaluated using the elevated plus maze test and open field tests. The results imply that the hydromethanolic extract of B. diffusa showed excellent antioxidant activity. The extract did not show any significant toxic effect on SH-SY5Y cells. The hydro-methanolic extract of B. diffusa also demonstrated significant anxiolytic activity at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses. Thus, it can be concluded that the hydromethanolic extract of B. diffusa possesses anxiolytic activity and antioxidant properties, proving its therapeutic usefulness in the treatment of anxiety disorders.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.4786
{"title":"An investigation on antioxidant and anti-arthritic activity of Rheum nobile Hook.f. & Thomson from Sikkim Himalayan region","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.4786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.4786","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134883492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1125
{"title":"Study of drug-like characteristics of bioactive compounds identified from Dicranella pseudosubulata Müll. Hal. ex Gangulee","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The herb Nigella sativa belonging to the family Ranunculaceae is a well-investigated plant that has a wide range of pharmacological effects. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential as well as phytochemical screening in terms of total phenolic and flavonoid content of N. sativa seeds collected from various locations in India to establish the impact of geographical location on phytoconstituents of the seeds. The total phenolic and flavonoid content in methanolic extracts were evaluated using the Folin-ciocalteu reagent and AlCl 3 colourimetric method respectively. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using the DPPH method, while the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was determined in vitro using the bovine serum albumin denaturation assay. The extract of the seed from Vizag had the highest concentration of polyphenols, followed by those from Madhya Pradesh and Punjab. The study confirmed variations in the quantity of the phytoconstituents of N. sativa seeds of different geographical origins and their consequential impact on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity indicating that the geographical location exerts a vital effect on the same.
{"title":"Impact of geographical location on the polyphenolic content of Nigella sativa seed extract and the relative anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential thereof: A comparative study","authors":"Singhal Rini, Verma Shweta, Singh Vijender, Bajaj Sakshi","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i1.1132","url":null,"abstract":"The herb Nigella sativa belonging to the family Ranunculaceae is a well-investigated plant that has a wide range of pharmacological effects. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential as well as phytochemical screening in terms of total phenolic and flavonoid content of N. sativa seeds collected from various locations in India to establish the impact of geographical location on phytoconstituents of the seeds. The total phenolic and flavonoid content in methanolic extracts were evaluated using the Folin-ciocalteu reagent and AlCl 3 colourimetric method respectively. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using the DPPH method, while the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was determined in vitro using the bovine serum albumin denaturation assay. The extract of the seed from Vizag had the highest concentration of polyphenols, followed by those from Madhya Pradesh and Punjab. The study confirmed variations in the quantity of the phytoconstituents of N. sativa seeds of different geographical origins and their consequential impact on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity indicating that the geographical location exerts a vital effect on the same.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70705398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.5405
Nature has been a good supply of medicinal agents for thousands of years, and more than 50% of modern drugs are derived from natural sources such as plants. Asparagus laricinus and Senecio asperulus have been used in traditional remedies to treat inflammation-related disorders and cancer. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of A. laricinus and S. asperulus crude extracts using Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based untargeted analysis. The LC-MS-based untargeted analysis showed the phytochemical profile of A. laricinus cladodes and S. asperulus roots, of which twenty-nine phytochemicals from different chemical classes were annotated, including organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other unknown compounds. Both these plants are used as traditional medicines, and their pharmacological benefits are due to their phytochemical profile and high phenolic content.
{"title":"Characterisation and identification of phenolic compounds from Asparagus laricinus and Senecio asperulus","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.5405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.5405","url":null,"abstract":"Nature has been a good supply of medicinal agents for thousands of years, and more than 50% of modern drugs are derived from natural sources such as plants. Asparagus laricinus and Senecio asperulus have been used in traditional remedies to treat inflammation-related disorders and cancer. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of A. laricinus and S. asperulus crude extracts using Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based untargeted analysis. The LC-MS-based untargeted analysis showed the phytochemical profile of A. laricinus cladodes and S. asperulus roots, of which twenty-nine phytochemicals from different chemical classes were annotated, including organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other unknown compounds. Both these plants are used as traditional medicines, and their pharmacological benefits are due to their phytochemical profile and high phenolic content.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"52 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135212304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.4627
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of asafoetida and essential oil of asafoetida (EOA) in ovariectomised (OVX) diabetic rats. Twenty-four female rats were divided into four groups consisting of 6 rats in each group. OVX Control, OVX diabetic, OVX diabetic and asafoetida (25 mg/kg), OVX diabetic and EOA 25 μL/kg. Fasting Blood glucose, lipid profiles and liver indices were measured, and liver and kidney histopathology was investigated. Urine volume, urea, creatinine, and microalbumin were measured. The neuropathic damage was assessed by the hot plate method. The results showed that only in the asafoetida group the blood sugar, ALT and AST levels decreased significantly. Consumption of food, water, and body weight also decreased in the asafoetida grouponly. Also, regarding histology, relative improvement was observed in kidney and liver tissue in the asafoetida group. A significant decrease in urine volume and improvement in creatinine, urea and microalbumin concentrations, as well as improvement in hot plate test response time, were observed in both treatment groups. It can be concluded that asafoetida is effective in treating diabetes, but its essential oil has no effective activity on diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Investigation of antidiabetic effect of Ferula assa-foetida oleo gum resin and its essential oil on ovariectomised diabetic rats","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.4627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v14i3.4627","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of asafoetida and essential oil of asafoetida (EOA) in ovariectomised (OVX) diabetic rats. Twenty-four female rats were divided into four groups consisting of 6 rats in each group. OVX Control, OVX diabetic, OVX diabetic and asafoetida (25 mg/kg), OVX diabetic and EOA 25 μL/kg. Fasting Blood glucose, lipid profiles and liver indices were measured, and liver and kidney histopathology was investigated. Urine volume, urea, creatinine, and microalbumin were measured. The neuropathic damage was assessed by the hot plate method. The results showed that only in the asafoetida group the blood sugar, ALT and AST levels decreased significantly. Consumption of food, water, and body weight also decreased in the asafoetida grouponly. Also, regarding histology, relative improvement was observed in kidney and liver tissue in the asafoetida group. A significant decrease in urine volume and improvement in creatinine, urea and microalbumin concentrations, as well as improvement in hot plate test response time, were observed in both treatment groups. It can be concluded that asafoetida is effective in treating diabetes, but its essential oil has no effective activity on diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135212538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.30799/jnpr.108.22080201
Bhat Mushtaq Ahmad, Ahmad Khan Fairooz, C. Harish, Saifuddin Quazi
Phytochemical screening of the extracts has shown the presence of steroids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds, fixed oils, and fats in Jurinea dolomiaea root extracts. The presence of lupeol has been reported previously by us using high-performance thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Present research studies encompasses identification of chemical constituents in Jurinea dolomiaea roots of methanol extracts by hyphenated technique such as gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (MS) which when coupled gives a clear insight of constituents. The components were identified by matching mass spectra with MS libraries. There were 5 different compounds analyzed from Jurinea dolomiaea roots. The identified components are (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl)-5-hydroxypentanoate, 2‑ethylhexylheptadecyl sulphite, 6-methyltridecane, (9E, 12E)-9,12-Octadecadienoyl chloride, Linoleic acid chloride, linoleoyl chloride, Lup-20 (29)-en-3-ol Lup‑20(29)‑en‑3β‑ol Lup‑20(29)‑en‑3α‑ol Lupeol, (3α)‑isomer Lupeol, (3β,18β,19β)‑isomer, in Jurinea dolomiaea root extracts.
{"title":"Structural Identification of Chemical Constituents Isolated from Root Extracts of Jurinea Dolomiaea Boiss (Astraceae) by Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Methods","authors":"Bhat Mushtaq Ahmad, Ahmad Khan Fairooz, C. Harish, Saifuddin Quazi","doi":"10.30799/jnpr.108.22080201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/jnpr.108.22080201","url":null,"abstract":"Phytochemical screening of the extracts has shown the presence of steroids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds, fixed oils, and fats in Jurinea dolomiaea root extracts. The presence of lupeol has been reported previously by us using high-performance thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Present research studies encompasses identification of chemical constituents in Jurinea dolomiaea roots of methanol extracts by hyphenated technique such as gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (MS) which when coupled gives a clear insight of constituents. The components were identified by matching mass spectra with MS libraries. There were 5 different compounds analyzed from Jurinea dolomiaea roots. The identified components are (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl)-5-hydroxypentanoate, 2‑ethylhexylheptadecyl sulphite, 6-methyltridecane, (9E, 12E)-9,12-Octadecadienoyl chloride, Linoleic acid chloride, linoleoyl chloride, Lup-20 (29)-en-3-ol Lup‑20(29)‑en‑3β‑ol Lup‑20(29)‑en‑3α‑ol Lupeol, (3α)‑isomer Lupeol, (3β,18β,19β)‑isomer, in Jurinea dolomiaea root extracts.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85850530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.30799/jnpr.106.22080102
Honoré Dezoumbe Donhai, Bayoï James Ronald, Darmand Roger Djoulde, Etoa François Xavier
Total phenolic (polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins) contents and antioxidant property (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) were evaluated in hexane (HE), acetone (AC), ethanol (ET), 70% (v/v) ethanol/water (EW), and powder extracts of Jatropha gossypifolia leaves using spectrophotometric methods. The lowest and highest contents of polyphenols (10.27 ± 0.36 and 21.23 ± 0.95 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (4.83 ±0.42 and 12.53 ±0.58 mg QE/g), and condensed tannins (3.03 ± 0.18 and 7.13 ± 0.12 mg CE/g) were recorded in powder and EW, respectively. EW exhibited the highest scavenging activities displayed by the lowest IC50 values (0.23±0.01 mg/mL DPPH and 0.2±0.03 mg/mL ABTS). Moreover, it recorded the highest reducing power (92.85±1.25 mg AAE/g), followed by HE (72.73±1.99 mg AAE/g) and AC (41.84±0.47 mg AAE/g). Relevant correlations were found between the polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins and reducing antioxidant power (r = 0.986, p < 0.01; r = 0.958, p < 0.01; r =0.950, p < 0.05; respectively). Based on their phytochemical and antioxidant properties, PCA classified the five extracts into three distinct clusters. The results of this study indicate that EW contains powerful bioactive molecules with noteworthy antiradical and electron donating properties. Therefore, it may be a promising candidate in the search for natural compounds with therapeutic and food/crop preservative applications.
{"title":"Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and In-vitro Antioxidant Activities of Jatropha gossypifolia L. Leaf Extracts Aiming Antimicrobial and Therapeutical Applications","authors":"Honoré Dezoumbe Donhai, Bayoï James Ronald, Darmand Roger Djoulde, Etoa François Xavier","doi":"10.30799/jnpr.106.22080102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/jnpr.106.22080102","url":null,"abstract":"Total phenolic (polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins) contents and antioxidant property (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) were evaluated in hexane (HE), acetone (AC), ethanol (ET), 70% (v/v) ethanol/water (EW), and powder extracts of Jatropha gossypifolia leaves using spectrophotometric methods. The lowest and highest contents of polyphenols (10.27 ± 0.36 and 21.23 ± 0.95 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (4.83 ±0.42 and 12.53 ±0.58 mg QE/g), and condensed tannins (3.03 ± 0.18 and 7.13 ± 0.12 mg CE/g) were recorded in powder and EW, respectively. EW exhibited the highest scavenging activities displayed by the lowest IC50 values (0.23±0.01 mg/mL DPPH and 0.2±0.03 mg/mL ABTS). Moreover, it recorded the highest reducing power (92.85±1.25 mg AAE/g), followed by HE (72.73±1.99 mg AAE/g) and AC (41.84±0.47 mg AAE/g). Relevant correlations were found between the polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins and reducing antioxidant power (r = 0.986, p < 0.01; r = 0.958, p < 0.01; r =0.950, p < 0.05; respectively). Based on their phytochemical and antioxidant properties, PCA classified the five extracts into three distinct clusters. The results of this study indicate that EW contains powerful bioactive molecules with noteworthy antiradical and electron donating properties. Therefore, it may be a promising candidate in the search for natural compounds with therapeutic and food/crop preservative applications.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74120061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.30799/jnpr.103.22080101
Kinyoda Alexander B.A.M, Mghalu Joseph Mwafaida, Guyo Paul Mwashimba, Muti Simon Mbuvi
Fusarium wilt of tomatoes, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is a major and most prevalent soil borne disease in tomato plants both in the field and green house. The economic impact of this disease cannot be underestimated. All recommended control strategies have proved to be ineffective in controlling the pathogen. Studies have shown that Croton jatrophoides has medicinal activity against the phytopathogens. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of extracts from Croton jatrophoides to suppress Fusarium oxysporum. Specific objectives were to extract bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides for use against F. oxysporum; to determine the minimum inhibition concentration of crude extract that could elucidate response against F. oxysporum; to test in-vitro the efficacy and levels of bioactive compounds extracted using selected solvents from bark, the leaves and the root; to determine interaction effects between the treatments and the crude extracts. The experiment involved the isolation of bioactive crude extracts from the roots, bark and leaves of Croton jatrophoides plant using three solvents, namely hexane (non-polar), ethyl acetate (moderately polar) and methanol (highly polar). The isolated crude extracts from each solvent were concentrated using rotary evaporator, then purified using micro-filters. These extracts were then used for testing their antifungal activity in Potatoes Dextrose Agar (PDA) petri-plates containing Fusarium oxysporum inoculum. The results indicated that the quantity of the solvent required for exhaustive extraction of bioactive compounds from the ground material was at 180 mL. The minimum inhibition concentration that elucidated response against F. oxysporum was found to be 50.0 mg/mL. Non-polar solvents such as hexane and ethyl acetate were found to have the highest abilities in extracting bioactive compounds from C. jatropoides materials since most of these compounds that had antifungal activity were non-polar. Hexane derived extracts had the highest significant efficacy in control of Fusarioum oxysporum, comparable to Rindomil, a positive control. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) had the least effect on Fusarioum oxysporum. In the absence of hexane, ethyl acetate was the second most suited solvent for extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. Methanol had the least abilities in extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. There were interaction effects between the parts of the plants from which bioactive compounds were derived and the type of solvents used.
{"title":"Effects of Solvent Extracted Bioactive Compounds from the Bark, Roots and Leaves of Croton jatrophoides on Tomato Wilt Disease (Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici)","authors":"Kinyoda Alexander B.A.M, Mghalu Joseph Mwafaida, Guyo Paul Mwashimba, Muti Simon Mbuvi","doi":"10.30799/jnpr.103.22080101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/jnpr.103.22080101","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium wilt of tomatoes, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is a major and most prevalent soil borne disease in tomato plants both in the field and green house. The economic impact of this disease cannot be underestimated. All recommended control strategies have proved to be ineffective in controlling the pathogen. Studies have shown that Croton jatrophoides has medicinal activity against the phytopathogens. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of extracts from Croton jatrophoides to suppress Fusarium oxysporum. Specific objectives were to extract bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides for use against F. oxysporum; to determine the minimum inhibition concentration of crude extract that could elucidate response against F. oxysporum; to test in-vitro the efficacy and levels of bioactive compounds extracted using selected solvents from bark, the leaves and the root; to determine interaction effects between the treatments and the crude extracts. The experiment involved the isolation of bioactive crude extracts from the roots, bark and leaves of Croton jatrophoides plant using three solvents, namely hexane (non-polar), ethyl acetate (moderately polar) and methanol (highly polar). The isolated crude extracts from each solvent were concentrated using rotary evaporator, then purified using micro-filters. These extracts were then used for testing their antifungal activity in Potatoes Dextrose Agar (PDA) petri-plates containing Fusarium oxysporum inoculum. The results indicated that the quantity of the solvent required for exhaustive extraction of bioactive compounds from the ground material was at 180 mL. The minimum inhibition concentration that elucidated response against F. oxysporum was found to be 50.0 mg/mL. Non-polar solvents such as hexane and ethyl acetate were found to have the highest abilities in extracting bioactive compounds from C. jatropoides materials since most of these compounds that had antifungal activity were non-polar. Hexane derived extracts had the highest significant efficacy in control of Fusarioum oxysporum, comparable to Rindomil, a positive control. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) had the least effect on Fusarioum oxysporum. In the absence of hexane, ethyl acetate was the second most suited solvent for extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. Methanol had the least abilities in extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. There were interaction effects between the parts of the plants from which bioactive compounds were derived and the type of solvents used.","PeriodicalId":13297,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84587815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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