G. Reyes-Palomeque, JM Dupuy, Carlos Portillo-Quintero, JL Andrade, FJ Tun-Dzul, JL Hernández-Stefanoni
{"title":"Scale dependency of the effects of landscape structure and stand age on species richness and aboveground biomass of tropical dry forests","authors":"G. Reyes-Palomeque, JM Dupuy, Carlos Portillo-Quintero, JL Andrade, FJ Tun-Dzul, JL Hernández-Stefanoni","doi":"10.3832/ifor4239-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4239-016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85529161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Samec, Jiří Volánek, L. Holík, Petra Rychtecká, Marie Balková, V. Vranová, Luigi Saulino
Norway spruce ( Picea abies [L.] Karst.) occurred rarely at submountain altitudes before reaching its present position as the most important economic tree species in Central Europe. Spruce cultivation outside of natural sites is under constant threat from harmful agents. In this study, we focused on the indication of potentially suitable planting sites for Norway spruce in areas of protected submountain (< 700 m a.s.l) populations using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of soil properties in oak-beech, mixed and spruce stands in the territory of the Czech Republic. The soil A-horizon properties in mixed stands were more similar to those in spruce than in broadleaved stands; stand mixtures resulted in lower soil property separability than the localization of individual populations (57% and 85%, respectively). The suitable sites were defined by acid phosphomonoesterase > 151 µg hour -1 , soil porosity > 63%, aeration > 53%, bulk density < 0.86 g cm -3 , cation exchange capacity < 18 cmol + kg -1 , C org < 9% and N tot < 0.5% in clusters comprising the Bohemian highlands, North Bohemian rock cities and the Outer Western Carpathians. The LDA of soil properties offered a useful tool for assessing both naturalness and forest threats to support sustainable management.
挪威云杉(云杉)喀斯特(Karst.)在发展成为中欧最重要的经济树种之前，很少出现在亚山区。自然地点以外的云杉种植不断受到有害物质的威胁。在这项研究中，我们利用线性判别分析(LDA)对捷克境内的橡树山毛榉、混合和云杉林分的土壤特性进行分析，重点研究了在亚山区(海拔< 700米)种群受保护地区挪威云杉的潜在适宜种植地点。混交林土壤a层特征与云杉林相似，与阔叶林相似;林分混交林的土壤性质可分性低于单一种群的可分性(分别为57%和85%)。在波希米亚高地、北波希米亚岩石城市和西部喀尔巴阡山脉的集群中，酸性磷酸单酯酶> 151µg hour -1，土壤孔隙度> 63%，通气性> 53%，容重< 0.86 g cm -3，阳离子交换容量< 18 cmol + kg -1，碳价< 9%，氮价< 0.5%。土壤性质的LDA为评估天然性和森林威胁提供了一个有用的工具，以支持可持续管理。
{"title":"The effect of soil conditions on submountain site suitability for Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) in Central Europe","authors":"P. Samec, Jiří Volánek, L. Holík, Petra Rychtecká, Marie Balková, V. Vranová, Luigi Saulino","doi":"10.3832/ifor4262-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4262-016","url":null,"abstract":"Norway spruce ( Picea abies [L.] Karst.) occurred rarely at submountain altitudes before reaching its present position as the most important economic tree species in Central Europe. Spruce cultivation outside of natural sites is under constant threat from harmful agents. In this study, we focused on the indication of potentially suitable planting sites for Norway spruce in areas of protected submountain (< 700 m a.s.l) populations using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of soil properties in oak-beech, mixed and spruce stands in the territory of the Czech Republic. The soil A-horizon properties in mixed stands were more similar to those in spruce than in broadleaved stands; stand mixtures resulted in lower soil property separability than the localization of individual populations (57% and 85%, respectively). The suitable sites were defined by acid phosphomonoesterase > 151 µg hour -1 , soil porosity > 63%, aeration > 53%, bulk density < 0.86 g cm -3 , cation exchange capacity < 18 cmol + kg -1 , C org < 9% and N tot < 0.5% in clusters comprising the Bohemian highlands, North Bohemian rock cities and the Outer Western Carpathians. The LDA of soil properties offered a useful tool for assessing both naturalness and forest threats to support sustainable management.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86432893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bianchi, A. Ahtikoski, Timo Muhonen, Eero Holmström, S. Valkonen, Y. Nuutinen, R. Picchio
The importance of continuous cover forestry (CCF) is increasing, yet there is lack of data and understanding about many aspects of this management, including the operational costs. Our objectives were to retrieve available harvesting cost models from published studies on selection cutting in Norway-spruce-dominated stands in Scandinavian countries and to evaluate them against real case studies. First, we retrieved three recently published harvesting cost models which provided explicit cost functions. Models 1 and 2, based on rotation forestry (RF) data and adapted for CCF, had separate sub-models for cutting and hauling costs. Model 3 was based on CCF data and produced total harvesting costs, including the cutting and hauling costs combined. Second, we measured cutting costs for 29 harvesting operations on stands with different stages of CCF structure. We then compared the observations with the simulations of Models 1 and 2 cutting cost sub-models for those cases. Third, we expanded the dataset, including a further 34 harvesting operations in stands with more advanced CCF structures (without measured costs). We then simulated the total harvesting costs for all three models in this dataset to investigate their general behaviour. On average, Models 1 and 2 cutting cost sub-models had relatively good and consistent predictions compared with the observed values. However, they differed in total costs due to different estimates for the hauling cost sub-models. Model 3 had predictions comparable to Models 1 and 2 in the more advanced stages of CCF, but much higher in the less advanced. This study provides important data regarding cutting costs in CCF and demonstrates the feasibility of using existing harvesting cost models.
{"title":"Evaluation of operating cost management models for selection cutting in Scandinavian continuous cover forestry","authors":"S. Bianchi, A. Ahtikoski, Timo Muhonen, Eero Holmström, S. Valkonen, Y. Nuutinen, R. Picchio","doi":"10.3832/ifor4204-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4204-016","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of continuous cover forestry (CCF) is increasing, yet there is lack of data and understanding about many aspects of this management, including the operational costs. Our objectives were to retrieve available harvesting cost models from published studies on selection cutting in Norway-spruce-dominated stands in Scandinavian countries and to evaluate them against real case studies. First, we retrieved three recently published harvesting cost models which provided explicit cost functions. Models 1 and 2, based on rotation forestry (RF) data and adapted for CCF, had separate sub-models for cutting and hauling costs. Model 3 was based on CCF data and produced total harvesting costs, including the cutting and hauling costs combined. Second, we measured cutting costs for 29 harvesting operations on stands with different stages of CCF structure. We then compared the observations with the simulations of Models 1 and 2 cutting cost sub-models for those cases. Third, we expanded the dataset, including a further 34 harvesting operations in stands with more advanced CCF structures (without measured costs). We then simulated the total harvesting costs for all three models in this dataset to investigate their general behaviour. On average, Models 1 and 2 cutting cost sub-models had relatively good and consistent predictions compared with the observed values. However, they differed in total costs due to different estimates for the hauling cost sub-models. Model 3 had predictions comparable to Models 1 and 2 in the more advanced stages of CCF, but much higher in the less advanced. This study provides important data regarding cutting costs in CCF and demonstrates the feasibility of using existing harvesting cost models.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74044675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Šrámek, J. Weger, J. Bubeník, M. Matoušková, Klára Lengálová, R. Matula, P. Antov
Knowledge of the quantity of woody biomass of poplar short-rotation coppice (SRC) on agricultural land is a basic tool for management decisions like rotation length, volume production and the financial balance sheet of economic activities. The expansion of SRC requires a fast, reliable, easily applicable and cheap method for estimating the biomass yield, but existing methods are based on labour-demanding and lengthy measurements of all shoots per tree. The objective of this study was to verify a novel rapid biomass estimation method that uses averaged attributes of only a few largest shoots as a predictor variable for woody biomass in a poplar SRC, hybrid clone J-105 ( Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii ). Using data from 39 sample stumps with 187 shoots in total, we modelled shoot biomass as a function of an increasing number of shoots in interaction with different shoot parameters at two poplar SRC plantations. Results showed that the DBH of only three of the largest shoots per stump proved to be accurate estimators of the total shoot biomass of the individual stump. Comparison of biomass estimates at the stand level with a real amount of biomass indicated differences between 6-14%, depending on the site.
了解农业用地上杨树短轮伐灌木林(SRC)的木质生物量是制定轮作长度、产量和经济活动财务平衡表等管理决策的基本工具。SRC的扩展需要一种快速、可靠、易于应用和廉价的方法来估算生物量产量，但现有的方法是基于对每棵树的所有芽的劳动要求和漫长的测量。本研究的目的是验证一种新的快速生物量估算方法，该方法仅使用少数最大芽的平均属性作为预测因子，预测杨树SRC杂交无性系J-105 (Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii)的木质生物量。利用39个样桩共187个枝条的数据，在不同枝条参数的相互作用下，模拟了两个杨树SRC人工林的枝条生物量随枝数增加的函数。结果表明，每根树桩中最大的3个芽的胸径可以准确地估计单个树桩的总芽生物量。林分水平的生物量估计值与实际生物量的比较表明，根据立地的不同，差异在6-14%之间。
{"title":"Effective woody biomass estimation in poplar short-rotation coppices - Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii","authors":"M. Šrámek, J. Weger, J. Bubeník, M. Matoušková, Klára Lengálová, R. Matula, P. Antov","doi":"10.3832/ifor4200-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4200-016","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the quantity of woody biomass of poplar short-rotation coppice (SRC) on agricultural land is a basic tool for management decisions like rotation length, volume production and the financial balance sheet of economic activities. The expansion of SRC requires a fast, reliable, easily applicable and cheap method for estimating the biomass yield, but existing methods are based on labour-demanding and lengthy measurements of all shoots per tree. The objective of this study was to verify a novel rapid biomass estimation method that uses averaged attributes of only a few largest shoots as a predictor variable for woody biomass in a poplar SRC, hybrid clone J-105 ( Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii ). Using data from 39 sample stumps with 187 shoots in total, we modelled shoot biomass as a function of an increasing number of shoots in interaction with different shoot parameters at two poplar SRC plantations. Results showed that the DBH of only three of the largest shoots per stump proved to be accurate estimators of the total shoot biomass of the individual stump. Comparison of biomass estimates at the stand level with a real amount of biomass indicated differences between 6-14%, depending on the site.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77260689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Aldakhil, S Abdullateef, F Mahmoud, A Alhasan, A Lakmes, M Al Abdullah, GR Watmough
Forests and trees make vital contributions to well-being, economic activities, ecosystem functioning and global system dynamics. There has been a lack of studies on the evaluation of the drivers of Syrian forest damage during the current conflict. This study estimated the damage since 2011 in the Alhamam and Alboz forest sites in Idlib province of Syria and evaluated the drivers of this damage. A multidimensional approach to damage assessment was developed which combined forest plot inventories, remotely sensed satellite image analysis, questionnaires and focus groups to enable a comparison of the forest from 2011 and 2017. The plot inventory data and remote sensing analysis provided estimates of forest damage and loss whilst focus groups and questionnaires provided vital information on the drivers of forest loss which is required for developing reforestation programmes. Overall, forest inventory data and satellite image analysis results indicated a reduction in tree cover, density and plant diversity. The results indicate a much higher loss of forest than is available from global products such as Global Forest Watch due to the prevalence in Syria of low-density Oak forests such as Alhamam not being classed as forest. The results of questionnaires and focus groups showed that the main cause of damage was an increased demand for fire-wood driven by a lack of fuel oil and increased unemployment, reduced household incomes and general price rises, making fuel more unaffordable. Respondents to surveys generally understood the importance of trees and forests and overtime the local knowledge of the importance of forest resources had not changed. This multidimensional approach indicates a reduced capacity of institutions to protect forests and will help to establish strategic plans to serve and protect the forest in the future.
{"title":"A primary evaluation of Syrian forest damage since 2011: a case study of Alhamam and Alboz forest sites","authors":"M Aldakhil, S Abdullateef, F Mahmoud, A Alhasan, A Lakmes, M Al Abdullah, GR Watmough","doi":"10.3832/ifor4032-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4032-016","url":null,"abstract":"Forests and trees make vital contributions to well-being, economic activities, ecosystem functioning and global system dynamics. There has been a lack of studies on the evaluation of the drivers of Syrian forest damage during the current conflict. This study estimated the damage since 2011 in the Alhamam and Alboz forest sites in Idlib province of Syria and evaluated the drivers of this damage. A multidimensional approach to damage assessment was developed which combined forest plot inventories, remotely sensed satellite image analysis, questionnaires and focus groups to enable a comparison of the forest from 2011 and 2017. The plot inventory data and remote sensing analysis provided estimates of forest damage and loss whilst focus groups and questionnaires provided vital information on the drivers of forest loss which is required for developing reforestation programmes. Overall, forest inventory data and satellite image analysis results indicated a reduction in tree cover, density and plant diversity. The results indicate a much higher loss of forest than is available from global products such as Global Forest Watch due to the prevalence in Syria of low-density Oak forests such as Alhamam not being classed as forest. The results of questionnaires and focus groups showed that the main cause of damage was an increased demand for fire-wood driven by a lack of fuel oil and increased unemployment, reduced household incomes and general price rises, making fuel more unaffordable. Respondents to surveys generally understood the importance of trees and forests and overtime the local knowledge of the importance of forest resources had not changed. This multidimensional approach indicates a reduced capacity of institutions to protect forests and will help to establish strategic plans to serve and protect the forest in the future.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Zhao, Chi Zhang, R. Hu, Wanhui Qian, Yuhan Wei, R. Lafortezza
To understand the health and ecological benefits of scenic recreational forests, we elucidated their spatial distribution characteristics, which can be used to create guidelines and reveal strategic issues regarding the spatial distribution of tree species. We randomly set up 900 m 2 quadrats in scenic recreational forest communities in Guangzhou, Foshan, and Zhuhai, and surveyed each tree using LiDAR. We then calculated the living vegetation volume (LVV) and amount of recreational space on the forest floor (RSFF), and analyzed the differences in spatial distribution characteristics across cities, locations, and forest types. The spatial distribution characteristics of trees differed between different cities, but were similar among different locations and forest types. Urban scenic recreational forest areas are thus configured based on aesthetics, recreational functions, and the spatial distribution characteristics of different tree species. Additionally, the relationship between the tree crown LVV and the RSFF was generally synergistic, yet contradictory. Although an increase in LVV can effectively improve ecological benefits, it may also reduce RSFF and other benefits provided by tree crowns to urban residents.
{"title":"Evaluation of urban forest spatial distribution characteristics in Guangdong - Hong Kong - Macao Greater Bay Area","authors":"Qing Zhao, Chi Zhang, R. Hu, Wanhui Qian, Yuhan Wei, R. Lafortezza","doi":"10.3832/ifor4268-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4268-016","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the health and ecological benefits of scenic recreational forests, we elucidated their spatial distribution characteristics, which can be used to create guidelines and reveal strategic issues regarding the spatial distribution of tree species. We randomly set up 900 m 2 quadrats in scenic recreational forest communities in Guangzhou, Foshan, and Zhuhai, and surveyed each tree using LiDAR. We then calculated the living vegetation volume (LVV) and amount of recreational space on the forest floor (RSFF), and analyzed the differences in spatial distribution characteristics across cities, locations, and forest types. The spatial distribution characteristics of trees differed between different cities, but were similar among different locations and forest types. Urban scenic recreational forest areas are thus configured based on aesthetics, recreational functions, and the spatial distribution characteristics of different tree species. Additionally, the relationship between the tree crown LVV and the RSFF was generally synergistic, yet contradictory. Although an increase in LVV can effectively improve ecological benefits, it may also reduce RSFF and other benefits provided by tree crowns to urban residents.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80222707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Parisi, Adriano Mazziotta, E. Vangi, R. Tognetti, D. Travaglini, M. Marchetti, G. D’Amico, S. Francini, Costanza Borghi, G. Chirici, M. Borghetti
In the managed beech forests of Central Italy (Molise), the diversity of saprox-ylic species is potentially under threat by intensive management. To evaluate the impact of forestry on the biodiversity of these ecosystems, we analyzed the relationship between abundance of saproxylic beetles and (i) forest stand exposure and elevation, (ii) deadwood availability (coarse woody debris – CWD – and stumps), (iii) abundance of microhabitats. Four sampling sectors with different altitudes and exposure were identified in a 400-ha study area in the Appenine mountains. Fifteen circular plots (13 m radius) were established in each sector where deadwood and microhabitats were surveyed and saproxylic beetles sampled. We fitted joint species distribution models to quantify the relationship between forest attributes and saproxylic species’ abundance, including the interactions with their family and trophic category. Overall, 2334 specimens belonging to 64 species of saproxylic beetles were collected. Both abundance and species richness were higher in the sectors with high elevation (respectively, 55% and 44%) and South exposure (respectively, 28% and 44%). Average deadwood volumes were low (stumps: 7.6 m 3 ha -1 ; CWD: 0.3 m 3 ha -1 ; snags: 0.4 m 3 ha -1 ), and insect galleries were the most abundant microhabitat (380 records over a total of 434). The most important variables affecting abundance were stump characteristics (model deviance = 81.2), elevation (de-viance = 64.7), and CWD characteristics (deviance = 58.0). Our results show that topographical variables and forest structure jointly affect the abundance patterns of saproxylic beetle communities in managed beech forests. These ecological interactions imply that management has different impacts on the saproxylic communities in different topographic conditions. To acknowledge this complexity we advocate for a landscape-level forest management supporting the local beetle diversity maintaining a mosaic of semi-natural forest characteristics in different topographic contexts. The ecological value of the forest landscape will be further enhanced by the application of closer-to-nature management interventions based on deadwood retention, microhabitat creation and tree retention, in line with the guidelines of the new EU Forest Strategy for 2030.
在意大利中部(Molise)管理的山毛榉森林中，由于集约化管理，山毛榉物种的多样性可能受到威胁。为了评估林业对这些生态系统生物多样性的影响，我们分析了腐木甲虫丰度与(i)林分暴露和海拔、(ii)枯木可利用度(粗木屑- CWD -和树桩)、(iii)微生境丰度之间的关系。在亚平宁山区400公顷的研究区确定了四个不同海拔和暴露程度的采样区。在每个扇区建立15个圆形样地(半径13 m)，调查枯木和微生境，取样腐木甲虫。拟合了联合物种分布模型，量化了森林属性与腐植酸物种丰度的关系，包括与其科和营养类别的相互作用。共采集腐木甲虫64种2334份标本。高海拔区(分别为55%和44%)和南暴露区(分别为28%和44%)的丰度和物种丰富度均较高。平均枯木量低(树桩:7.6 m 3 ha -1;CWD: 0.3 m 3 ha -1;微生境最丰富的是石缝(0.4 m 3 ha -1)和昆虫廊(380条记录，434条记录)。影响丰度的最重要变量是树桩特征(模型偏差= 81.2)、海拔(偏差= 64.7)和CWD特征(偏差= 58.0)。结果表明，地形变量和森林结构共同影响了管理山毛榉林腐木甲虫群落的丰度格局。这些生态相互作用表明，在不同的地形条件下，管理对腐殖酸群落有不同的影响。为了认识到这种复杂性，我们提倡景观级森林管理，支持当地甲虫多样性，在不同的地形背景下保持半自然森林特征的马赛克。根据新的《欧盟2030年森林战略》的指导方针，采用基于保留枯木、创造微生境和保留树木的更接近自然的管理干预措施，将进一步提高森林景观的生态价值。
{"title":"Exposure elevation and forest structure predict the abundance of saproxylic beetles’ communities in mountain managed beech forests","authors":"F. Parisi, Adriano Mazziotta, E. Vangi, R. Tognetti, D. Travaglini, M. Marchetti, G. D’Amico, S. Francini, Costanza Borghi, G. Chirici, M. Borghetti","doi":"10.3832/ifor4264-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4264-016","url":null,"abstract":"In the managed beech forests of Central Italy (Molise), the diversity of saprox-ylic species is potentially under threat by intensive management. To evaluate the impact of forestry on the biodiversity of these ecosystems, we analyzed the relationship between abundance of saproxylic beetles and (i) forest stand exposure and elevation, (ii) deadwood availability (coarse woody debris – CWD – and stumps), (iii) abundance of microhabitats. Four sampling sectors with different altitudes and exposure were identified in a 400-ha study area in the Appenine mountains. Fifteen circular plots (13 m radius) were established in each sector where deadwood and microhabitats were surveyed and saproxylic beetles sampled. We fitted joint species distribution models to quantify the relationship between forest attributes and saproxylic species’ abundance, including the interactions with their family and trophic category. Overall, 2334 specimens belonging to 64 species of saproxylic beetles were collected. Both abundance and species richness were higher in the sectors with high elevation (respectively, 55% and 44%) and South exposure (respectively, 28% and 44%). Average deadwood volumes were low (stumps: 7.6 m 3 ha -1 ; CWD: 0.3 m 3 ha -1 ; snags: 0.4 m 3 ha -1 ), and insect galleries were the most abundant microhabitat (380 records over a total of 434). The most important variables affecting abundance were stump characteristics (model deviance = 81.2), elevation (de-viance = 64.7), and CWD characteristics (deviance = 58.0). Our results show that topographical variables and forest structure jointly affect the abundance patterns of saproxylic beetle communities in managed beech forests. These ecological interactions imply that management has different impacts on the saproxylic communities in different topographic conditions. To acknowledge this complexity we advocate for a landscape-level forest management supporting the local beetle diversity maintaining a mosaic of semi-natural forest characteristics in different topographic contexts. The ecological value of the forest landscape will be further enhanced by the application of closer-to-nature management interventions based on deadwood retention, microhabitat creation and tree retention, in line with the guidelines of the new EU Forest Strategy for 2030.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81474044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LP Ponce-Calderón, J. Villanueva‐Díaz, D. Rodríguez-Trejo, B. Bilbao, Gdc Álvarez-Gordillo
The Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, Mexico, is one of the most important protected areas in terms of ecology and the provision of ecosystem services in the state of Chiapas; however, it lacks long-term climate information to support comprehensive plans for the conservation of endangered species and ecosystem restoration actions. The objectives of this work were to analyze: (i) the interannual variability of the annual rings of Pinus oocarpa Schiede in the Lagunas de Montebello National Park, as influenced by climate; and (ii) the ocean-atmosphere phenomena influence on both the interannual variability of the total ring-width series. A dendrochronological series of P. oocarpa was built for the period 1857-2018 (162 years), which indicates the presence of extreme hydroclimatic events in the region. Of these, the 1998 drought was a milestone for the management of this natural area due to the high-intensity fires that affected the area and caused unprecedented ecological, social, and economic damage in the site history. The climatic variables with the greatest influence on the annual radial increase of the species are precipitation and maximum temperature in winter-spring, when growth is positively associated with precipitation and negatively associated with temperature, attributed to increases in evapotranspiration. El Niño Southern Oscillation was the phenomenon with the highest correlation with climatic variability and the radial growth of the species, in frequencies of less than five years, although the positive influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation was also assessed annually. Global warming, characterized by increasing temperature, threatens the persistence of plant communities in the study area; therefore, knowing its impact on the growth of species of economic importance is essential to support conservation actions.
{"title":"Response to climate and influence of ocean-atmosphere phenomena on annual radial increments of Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham in the Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, Mexico","authors":"LP Ponce-Calderón, J. Villanueva‐Díaz, D. Rodríguez-Trejo, B. Bilbao, Gdc Álvarez-Gordillo","doi":"10.3832/ifor4112-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4112-016","url":null,"abstract":"The Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, Mexico, is one of the most important protected areas in terms of ecology and the provision of ecosystem services in the state of Chiapas; however, it lacks long-term climate information to support comprehensive plans for the conservation of endangered species and ecosystem restoration actions. The objectives of this work were to analyze: (i) the interannual variability of the annual rings of Pinus oocarpa Schiede in the Lagunas de Montebello National Park, as influenced by climate; and (ii) the ocean-atmosphere phenomena influence on both the interannual variability of the total ring-width series. A dendrochronological series of P. oocarpa was built for the period 1857-2018 (162 years), which indicates the presence of extreme hydroclimatic events in the region. Of these, the 1998 drought was a milestone for the management of this natural area due to the high-intensity fires that affected the area and caused unprecedented ecological, social, and economic damage in the site history. The climatic variables with the greatest influence on the annual radial increase of the species are precipitation and maximum temperature in winter-spring, when growth is positively associated with precipitation and negatively associated with temperature, attributed to increases in evapotranspiration. El Niño Southern Oscillation was the phenomenon with the highest correlation with climatic variability and the radial growth of the species, in frequencies of less than five years, although the positive influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation was also assessed annually. Global warming, characterized by increasing temperature, threatens the persistence of plant communities in the study area; therefore, knowing its impact on the growth of species of economic importance is essential to support conservation actions.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85106469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bārdule, K. Polmanis, LL Krumšteds, A. Bārdulis, A. Lazdiņš
Fine root production is one of the key elements of carbon (C) turnover in soil in afforested peatlands and forest lands with organic soils. We estimated variability in fine root morphology traits and annual production in hemiboreal forests dominated by coniferous trees (Norway spruce) and deciduous trees (silver birch and black alder) with nutrient-rich organic soils in Latvia. In total, 23 research sites were established in drained and naturally wet forests of different ages, and ingrowth core techniques were used to sample fine roots and subsequently determine fine root morphology traits and annual production, and calculate C input through fine root litter. Significant differences in several fine root morphological traits between coniferous-and deciduous-trees-domi-nated stands were found. Fine root production tended to be higher in conifer-ous-trees-dominated stands and positively correlated with several forest stand characteristics: stand age, average tree diameter at breast height, basal area and average tree height, but negatively correlated with nitrogen and phosphorus content in soil. C input through fine root litter ranged up to 0.46 ± 0.16 t ha -1 yr -1 . It is necessary to conduct further research, including multi-annual estimates in a wider set of forest stands with diverse dominant tree species and growing conditions, to improve estimates, patterns and understanding of C flows through fine root litter in drained and naturally wet organic soils.
细根生产是泥炭林地和有机土壤林地土壤碳(C)周转的关键因素之一。我们估计了拉脱维亚营养丰富的有机土壤中以针叶树(挪威云杉)和落叶树(白桦和黑桤木)为主的半北方森林细根形态特征和年产量的变异。在不同树龄的排水和自然湿润森林中共建立23个研究点，采用长生核心技术对细根进行取样，测定细根形态特征和年产量，并通过细根凋落物计算C输入。针叶树和落叶树两种林分在几种细根形态特征上存在显著差异。以针叶树为主的林分细根产量较高，与林龄、平均胸径、基面积和平均树高呈正相关，与土壤氮磷含量呈负相关。细根凋落物的碳输入量为0.46±0.16 t / h -1 yr -1。有必要进行进一步的研究，包括在具有不同优势树种和生长条件的更广泛的林分中进行多年估算，以改进对排水和自然湿润有机土壤中细根凋落物中碳流动的估算、模式和理解。
{"title":"Fine root morphological traits and production in coniferous- and deciduous-tree forests with drained and naturally wet nutrient-rich organic soils in hemiboreal Latvia","authors":"A. Bārdule, K. Polmanis, LL Krumšteds, A. Bārdulis, A. Lazdiņš","doi":"10.3832/ifor4186-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4186-016","url":null,"abstract":"Fine root production is one of the key elements of carbon (C) turnover in soil in afforested peatlands and forest lands with organic soils. We estimated variability in fine root morphology traits and annual production in hemiboreal forests dominated by coniferous trees (Norway spruce) and deciduous trees (silver birch and black alder) with nutrient-rich organic soils in Latvia. In total, 23 research sites were established in drained and naturally wet forests of different ages, and ingrowth core techniques were used to sample fine roots and subsequently determine fine root morphology traits and annual production, and calculate C input through fine root litter. Significant differences in several fine root morphological traits between coniferous-and deciduous-trees-domi-nated stands were found. Fine root production tended to be higher in conifer-ous-trees-dominated stands and positively correlated with several forest stand characteristics: stand age, average tree diameter at breast height, basal area and average tree height, but negatively correlated with nitrogen and phosphorus content in soil. C input through fine root litter ranged up to 0.46 ± 0.16 t ha -1 yr -1 . It is necessary to conduct further research, including multi-annual estimates in a wider set of forest stands with diverse dominant tree species and growing conditions, to improve estimates, patterns and understanding of C flows through fine root litter in drained and naturally wet organic soils.","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75469388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Rizzo, Andrea d'Agostino, Igor Stabile, Chiara Ranaldi, Andrea Marrucci, C. Zubieta, D. Lio, L. Bartolini, F. Pennacchio, E. Rossi, A. Garonna, Matteo Marchioro
The European shot-hole borer Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius) (Coleoptera Cur-culionidae Scolytinae) is a well-known ambrosia beetle living on shrubs and several ornamental and fruiting trees where it can cause heavy damages. Like other harmful xyleborine species, A. dispar can represent a potential threat outside its native region. Molecular diagnostic tools can lead to accurate identification of xylophagous species hidden in wooden matrix in phytosanitary surveys at entry points. A molecular assay based on qPCR TaqMan™ Probes was developed for the identification of A. dispar from different matrices. To setup and perform the test, DNA extraction was carried out from adults, larvae, and artificial samples of wood chips from oak healthy plants whose lysates were contaminated with a known amount of DNA of A. dispar adults. The assay has proven inclusive for A. dispar, and exclusive towards the non-target organisms, showing 100% analytical specificity. The limit of detection was 0.32 pg µL -1 for the samples of insect adult DNA of A. dispar , and at 0.8 pg µL -1 for the samples containing lysates of Quercus spp. and 0.1 ng µL -1 of A. dispar adult DNA. Repeatability and reproducibility showed low values independently from the matrix used for DNA extraction, confirming the possible use in diagnostics of biological samples even if not directly related to the presence of A. dispar developmental stages. The presented approach may be adjusted and applied for phytosanitary purposes to other quarantine pests and rapidly detect possible infestations in vegetal matrices globally traded
{"title":"Identification of the ambrosia beetle Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius) (Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae) using TaqMan™ probe assay on biological samples","authors":"D. Rizzo, Andrea d'Agostino, Igor Stabile, Chiara Ranaldi, Andrea Marrucci, C. Zubieta, D. Lio, L. Bartolini, F. Pennacchio, E. Rossi, A. Garonna, Matteo Marchioro","doi":"10.3832/ifor4287-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4287-016","url":null,"abstract":"The European shot-hole borer Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius) (Coleoptera Cur-culionidae Scolytinae) is a well-known ambrosia beetle living on shrubs and several ornamental and fruiting trees where it can cause heavy damages. Like other harmful xyleborine species, A. dispar can represent a potential threat outside its native region. Molecular diagnostic tools can lead to accurate identification of xylophagous species hidden in wooden matrix in phytosanitary surveys at entry points. A molecular assay based on qPCR TaqMan™ Probes was developed for the identification of A. dispar from different matrices. To setup and perform the test, DNA extraction was carried out from adults, larvae, and artificial samples of wood chips from oak healthy plants whose lysates were contaminated with a known amount of DNA of A. dispar adults. The assay has proven inclusive for A. dispar, and exclusive towards the non-target organisms, showing 100% analytical specificity. The limit of detection was 0.32 pg µL -1 for the samples of insect adult DNA of A. dispar , and at 0.8 pg µL -1 for the samples containing lysates of Quercus spp. and 0.1 ng µL -1 of A. dispar adult DNA. Repeatability and reproducibility showed low values independently from the matrix used for DNA extraction, confirming the possible use in diagnostics of biological samples even if not directly related to the presence of A. dispar developmental stages. The presented approach may be adjusted and applied for phytosanitary purposes to other quarantine pests and rapidly detect possible infestations in vegetal matrices globally traded","PeriodicalId":13323,"journal":{"name":"Iforest - Biogeosciences and Forestry","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81538943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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