Background: Cryptosporidium species and Giardia duodenalis are important protozoan parasites due to their wide host range and potential as zoonotic diseases. These parasites, responsible for Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis, are significant health concerns and have garnered attention from both the public and veterinary fields. Pets, such as dogs and cats, are susceptible to these infections and play a crucial role in transmitting these protozoans to humans. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, species, genotypes and zoonotic significance of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in asymptomatic adult stray cats and dogs. Methods: Fecal samples from 75 adult stray animal, 42 dogs and 33 cats, were collected in Diyarbakýr city, southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. Direct immunofluorescence test was used to confirm the presence of G. duoenalis cysts and cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in collected fecal samples. Microscopic analysis was used to count the number of cysts/oocysts per gram as specified by the manufacturer. Molecular confirmation was done with Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Giardia SSU-rDNA and Cryptosporidium spp. SSU rRNA gene. The secondary PCR products of all positive samples were sequenced in one directions on an automated sequencer. Nucleotide sequence analysis was performed by BLAST alignment using the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Result: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 7.14% in 42 cats and 9.09% in 33 dogs. The prevalence of G. duodenalis was 23.80% in cats and 54.54% in dogs. The average number of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts per gram of cat and dog feces was 1866.3 and 1813.3, respectively. The average number of G. duodenalis cysts per gram of cat and dog feces was 1011.6 and 4786, respectively. All Cryptosporidium isolates were determined as C. canis in dogs and C. felis in cats. C. canis and C. felis isolates identified in the study, MT329018.1 and MN696800.1, AF159113.1 and KM977642.1 showed similarity with Genbank number, respectively. Assemblages A, E, C, D were found in dogs and assemblages A and E in cats in the result of the sequence of 130 bp gene fragments obtained from G. duodenalis isolates. This study sequence analysis of G. duodenalis cat isolates identified assemblages A (50%/10) and E (50%/10). In this study, assemblage E was the most common genotype isolated in dogs (38.8%), followed by Assemblage C (27.7%), Assemblage D (16.6%) and Assemblage A (15.5%). Assemblage A, which has zoonotic importance, was detected in cats and dogs, while assemblage E in cats and dogs was reported for the first time in Turkey.
背景：隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第虫是重要的原生动物寄生虫，因为它们的宿主范围很广，有可能成为人畜共患病。这些寄生虫是隐孢子虫病和贾第鞭毛虫病的罪魁祸首，是重大的健康问题，已引起公众和兽医领域的关注。猫狗等宠物很容易感染这些疾病，并在将这些原生动物传播给人类的过程中扮演着重要角色。本研究旨在确定无症状成年流浪猫和流浪狗中隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫的流行率、种类、基因型和人畜共患意义。研究方法在土耳其安纳托利亚东南部迪亚巴克尔市收集了 75 只成年流浪动物（42 只狗和 33 只猫）的粪便样本。采用直接免疫荧光试验来确认收集的粪便样本中是否存在双孢子虫囊蚴和隐孢子虫卵囊。按照生产商的规定，使用显微镜分析来计算每克样本中的囊肿/卵囊数量。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）对贾第鞭毛虫 SSU-rDNA 和隐孢子虫 SSU rRNA 基因进行分子确认。所有阳性样本的次级 PCR 产物都在自动测序仪上进行了单向测序。利用美国国家生物技术信息中心数据库进行BLAST比对，对核苷酸序列进行分析。结果42只猫和33只狗的隐孢子虫感染率分别为7.14%和9.09%。猫和狗的十二指肠球菌感染率分别为 23.80%和 54.54%。每克猫和狗粪便中隐孢子虫卵囊的平均数量分别为 1866.3 个和 1813.3 个。每克猫和狗粪便中的十二指肠球孢子虫囊蚴平均数量分别为 1011.6 个和 4786 个。所有隐孢子虫分离物均被确定为犬隐孢子虫和猫隐孢子虫。研究中发现的犬隐孢子虫和猫隐孢子虫分离物 MT329018.1 和 MN696800.1、AF159113.1 和 KM977642.1 分别与 Genbank 编号相似。从十二指肠球菌分离物中获得的 130 bp 基因片段的序列结果显示，在狗中发现了 A、E、C、D 组合，在猫中发现了 A 和 E 组合。本研究对猫十二指肠球菌分离物的序列分析确定了 A（50%/10）和 E（50%/10）群。在本研究中，E 组合是在狗体内分离出的最常见基因型（38.8%），其次是 C 组合（27.7%）、D 组合（16.6%）和 A 组合（15.5%）。在猫和狗中检测到了具有人畜共患病重要性的A基因组，而在猫和狗中检测到E基因组则是土耳其的首次报道。
{"title":"Molecular Characterization and Zoonotic Significance of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in Asymptomatic Adult Stray Cats and Dogs in Turkey","authors":"D. Ipek","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1707","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cryptosporidium species and Giardia duodenalis are important protozoan parasites due to their wide host range and potential as zoonotic diseases. These parasites, responsible for Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis, are significant health concerns and have garnered attention from both the public and veterinary fields. Pets, such as dogs and cats, are susceptible to these infections and play a crucial role in transmitting these protozoans to humans. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, species, genotypes and zoonotic significance of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in asymptomatic adult stray cats and dogs. Methods: Fecal samples from 75 adult stray animal, 42 dogs and 33 cats, were collected in Diyarbakýr city, southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. Direct immunofluorescence test was used to confirm the presence of G. duoenalis cysts and cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in collected fecal samples. Microscopic analysis was used to count the number of cysts/oocysts per gram as specified by the manufacturer. Molecular confirmation was done with Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Giardia SSU-rDNA and Cryptosporidium spp. SSU rRNA gene. The secondary PCR products of all positive samples were sequenced in one directions on an automated sequencer. Nucleotide sequence analysis was performed by BLAST alignment using the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Result: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 7.14% in 42 cats and 9.09% in 33 dogs. The prevalence of G. duodenalis was 23.80% in cats and 54.54% in dogs. The average number of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts per gram of cat and dog feces was 1866.3 and 1813.3, respectively. The average number of G. duodenalis cysts per gram of cat and dog feces was 1011.6 and 4786, respectively. All Cryptosporidium isolates were determined as C. canis in dogs and C. felis in cats. C. canis and C. felis isolates identified in the study, MT329018.1 and MN696800.1, AF159113.1 and KM977642.1 showed similarity with Genbank number, respectively. Assemblages A, E, C, D were found in dogs and assemblages A and E in cats in the result of the sequence of 130 bp gene fragments obtained from G. duodenalis isolates. This study sequence analysis of G. duodenalis cat isolates identified assemblages A (50%/10) and E (50%/10). In this study, assemblage E was the most common genotype isolated in dogs (38.8%), followed by Assemblage C (27.7%), Assemblage D (16.6%) and Assemblage A (15.5%). Assemblage A, which has zoonotic importance, was detected in cats and dogs, while assemblage E in cats and dogs was reported for the first time in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139221967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amin Al-Ansi, Hathal M. Aldhafer, Jameel Al-Tamimi, M. Murshed
Background: The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) is a pest of worldwide distribution and can cause destructive damage to stored grains. The physicochemical properties and varied effects against insect pests make plant extracts a potential alternative in the development of pesticides. Methods: In this study, we assayed the oleander leaf extract toxicity effects against T. castaneum adults in the laboratory. We used four concentrations of Oleander methanol leaf extract. Result: Exposure of T. castaneum adult to the oleander leaf extracts produced 100% mortality in the insecticidal bioassay, especially at 40% concentration. The mortality % ranged from 13.3-100% after 48hrs. The mortality percentage of the red flour beetle adults decreased by increasing exposure periods. The mortality % was highly negatively correlated with exposure times (R= -0.97, P =.0001; R= -0.80 and P=.0001) at 40 and 20% concentrations, respectively. The overall results of the current study suggest that the leaf extract of Nerium oleander may possess potential insecticidal properties, which could potentially be employed in pest management. The infrared analysis of the oleander leaf extract showed many bioactive components associated with plant secondary metabolites; some of these identified phytochemical compounds have biological activity. Further, the phenol and flavonoid total were estimated. We conclude that the oleander leaf extract has the potential to be useful in managing stored grain insect pests, particularly T. castaneum, but that it must be handled and applied with extreme caution.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Insecticidal Activity of Nerium oleander L. against the Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera)","authors":"Amin Al-Ansi, Hathal M. Aldhafer, Jameel Al-Tamimi, M. Murshed","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1715","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) is a pest of worldwide distribution and can cause destructive damage to stored grains. The physicochemical properties and varied effects against insect pests make plant extracts a potential alternative in the development of pesticides. Methods: In this study, we assayed the oleander leaf extract toxicity effects against T. castaneum adults in the laboratory. We used four concentrations of Oleander methanol leaf extract. Result: Exposure of T. castaneum adult to the oleander leaf extracts produced 100% mortality in the insecticidal bioassay, especially at 40% concentration. The mortality % ranged from 13.3-100% after 48hrs. The mortality percentage of the red flour beetle adults decreased by increasing exposure periods. The mortality % was highly negatively correlated with exposure times (R= -0.97, P =.0001; R= -0.80 and P=.0001) at 40 and 20% concentrations, respectively. The overall results of the current study suggest that the leaf extract of Nerium oleander may possess potential insecticidal properties, which could potentially be employed in pest management. The infrared analysis of the oleander leaf extract showed many bioactive components associated with plant secondary metabolites; some of these identified phytochemical compounds have biological activity. Further, the phenol and flavonoid total were estimated. We conclude that the oleander leaf extract has the potential to be useful in managing stored grain insect pests, particularly T. castaneum, but that it must be handled and applied with extreme caution.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139218665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Praveenraj, Kandasamy Saravanan, Arumugam Uma, Rajendran Kiruba-Sankar, Baboonsundaram Ahilan, A. Gopalakannan, D. Manikandavelu
Background: Studies on the bacterial diseases from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are scanty and have only two reports recorded during 1996 and 1999. A case of emaciation and abdominal dropsy caused by different strains of Aeromonas hydrophila was recorded by earlier workers in the Andaman, Islands. In the present work, a similar disease syndrome was recorded in Barbonymus gonionotus and Cyprinus carpio var. Koi. The present study served to investigate the disease’s cause and the pathogen associated with it. Methods: This study details the isolation, biochemical and molecular characterization of three bacterial pathogens associated with emaciated, tail rot syndrome (ETS) and big belly syndrome (BBS) in B. gonionotus and C. carpio var. Koi respectively. Histology and re-infectivity study was also done for the infected host tissues and with Catla catla fingerlings. Result: This study constitutes the first report of three bacterial pathogens from the Andaman Islands, India viz., Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas alcaligenes causing emaciation and abdominal dropsy, with biochemical, molecular, histopathological and experimental challenge study evidence.
{"title":"First Report of Two Bacterial Diseases from the Freshwater Fishes of the Andaman Islands, India","authors":"J. Praveenraj, Kandasamy Saravanan, Arumugam Uma, Rajendran Kiruba-Sankar, Baboonsundaram Ahilan, A. Gopalakannan, D. Manikandavelu","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5237","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Studies on the bacterial diseases from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are scanty and have only two reports recorded during 1996 and 1999. A case of emaciation and abdominal dropsy caused by different strains of Aeromonas hydrophila was recorded by earlier workers in the Andaman, Islands. In the present work, a similar disease syndrome was recorded in Barbonymus gonionotus and Cyprinus carpio var. Koi. The present study served to investigate the disease’s cause and the pathogen associated with it. Methods: This study details the isolation, biochemical and molecular characterization of three bacterial pathogens associated with emaciated, tail rot syndrome (ETS) and big belly syndrome (BBS) in B. gonionotus and C. carpio var. Koi respectively. Histology and re-infectivity study was also done for the infected host tissues and with Catla catla fingerlings. Result: This study constitutes the first report of three bacterial pathogens from the Andaman Islands, India viz., Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas alcaligenes causing emaciation and abdominal dropsy, with biochemical, molecular, histopathological and experimental challenge study evidence.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S.K. Sahu, U. Mishra, S. Sathapathy, G.R. Sahoo, S.K. Joshi, S.S. Biswal, S.S. Behera, P.K.K. Mishra
Background: Being the vital organ of circulatory system, the development of the heart before birth must be studied to safeguard the animal from the incidence of various developmental anomalies. The histochemical and biochemical details of cardiac architecture especially in pre-natal sheep have not yet been reported. Methods: The collected foeti of sheep were divided into three age groups viz. early prenatal (up to 50 days), mid prenatal (51-100 days) and late prenatal (101 to 150 days). The samples of heart were processed by routine paraffin technique and cryo technique and after section cutting, the slides were stained by various histochemical staining methods. Further, fresh pieces of the heart samples were also processed for getting tissue extracts for the biochemical analysis. Result: It was revealed that the PAS activity was observed in the cardiac wall, interatrial septum and interventricular septum in the sheep foeti at all stages of gestation. A variable degree of acid phosphatase activity was noted in the myocardium of heart wall in the sheep foeti at all stages of gestation. The lipid deposition also increased with advancing age in the myocardium of cardiac wall, interatrial septum and interventricular septum in the heart of sheep foeti. The activities of various enzymes like creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase were high in left ventricle than the right ventricle in the heart of sheep foeti. Certain protein bands of specific molecular weight appeared in the ventricular tissue at specific age of gestation in addition to a group of common proteins which appeared in ventricular tissue of sheep foeti in all age groups under study.
背景：作为循环系统的重要器官，必须对出生前的心脏发育进行研究，以防止动物发生各种发育异常。有关心脏结构的组织化学和生物化学细节，尤其是出生前绵羊的心脏结构，目前尚未见报道。研究方法将采集的绵羊胎儿分为三个年龄组，即产前早期（50 天以内）、产前中期（51-100 天）和产前晚期（101-150 天）。心脏样本采用常规石蜡技术和冷冻技术处理，切片后采用各种组织化学染色方法进行染色。此外，还对新鲜的心脏样本进行处理，提取组织提取物用于生化分析。结果结果显示，在妊娠的各个阶段，绵羊胎儿的心壁、房间隔和室间隔都能观察到 PAS 活性。在妊娠的各个阶段，绵羊胎儿的心壁心肌中都发现了不同程度的酸性磷酸酶活性。随着年龄的增长，羊胎素心肌壁、房间隔和室间隔的脂质沉积也在增加。绵羊胎儿心脏中各种酶的活性，如肌酸激酶、碱性磷酸酶、血清谷氨酸-丙酮酸转氨酶和血清谷氨酸-草酰乙酸转氨酶，左心室高于右心室。除了研究中所有年龄组绵羊胎儿心室组织中出现的一组常见蛋白质外，在特定妊娠年龄的心室组织中还出现了某些特定分子量的蛋白质条带。
{"title":"Histochemical and Biochemical Developmental Studies on the Heart in Pre-natal Non-descript Sheep (Ovis aries)","authors":"S.K. Sahu, U. Mishra, S. Sathapathy, G.R. Sahoo, S.K. Joshi, S.S. Biswal, S.S. Behera, P.K.K. Mishra","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5147","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Being the vital organ of circulatory system, the development of the heart before birth must be studied to safeguard the animal from the incidence of various developmental anomalies. The histochemical and biochemical details of cardiac architecture especially in pre-natal sheep have not yet been reported. Methods: The collected foeti of sheep were divided into three age groups viz. early prenatal (up to 50 days), mid prenatal (51-100 days) and late prenatal (101 to 150 days). The samples of heart were processed by routine paraffin technique and cryo technique and after section cutting, the slides were stained by various histochemical staining methods. Further, fresh pieces of the heart samples were also processed for getting tissue extracts for the biochemical analysis. Result: It was revealed that the PAS activity was observed in the cardiac wall, interatrial septum and interventricular septum in the sheep foeti at all stages of gestation. A variable degree of acid phosphatase activity was noted in the myocardium of heart wall in the sheep foeti at all stages of gestation. The lipid deposition also increased with advancing age in the myocardium of cardiac wall, interatrial septum and interventricular septum in the heart of sheep foeti. The activities of various enzymes like creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase were high in left ventricle than the right ventricle in the heart of sheep foeti. Certain protein bands of specific molecular weight appeared in the ventricular tissue at specific age of gestation in addition to a group of common proteins which appeared in ventricular tissue of sheep foeti in all age groups under study.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Aruna, D. Manikandavelu, A. Uma, Cheryl Antony, N. Jayakumar
Background: Phosphorus acts as a limiting nutrient in aquatic environments due to its non-availability as it forms insoluble precipitate with Ca, Mg, Fe and Al. Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) solubilizes the inorganic precipitate into soluble phosphorus. Methods: The PSB isolates were screened and isolated from rhizospheric sediment of mangrove, Avicennia marina of Ennore creek, Tamil Nadu. Their phosphorus transformation potential and the possibilities of their application in aquaculture to solubilize inorganic phosphorus were studied. Result: In the present study, thirteen nos. of PSB isolates were screened from the rhizospheric sediment samples of Avicennia marina collected from Ennore region and identified as Rhodococcus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas. The P-solubilizing activity and Acid phosphatase (ACPase) activity of PSB isolates were found to be in the range of 7.62±0.51- 16.33±0.84 mg/l and 4.40±0.28 - 22.77±0.32 mmol ml-1 h-1 respectively. The maximum ACPase activity was exhibited by Arthrobacter sp (22.77±0.32 mmol ml-1 h-1) followed by Rhodococcus sp. (18.08±0.78 mmol ml-1 h-1). The P-mobilizing potential of the isolates obtained in this study were compared with the commercial product following a microcosm study for a period of 21 days. Rhodococcus sp showed higher ACPase activity in sediment (12.00 mmol g-1 h-1) than that of the commercial product (11.23 mmol g-1 h-1).
{"title":"Isolation of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria from Mangrove Rhizospheric Sediment and its Potential Application in Aquaculture","authors":"S. Aruna, D. Manikandavelu, A. Uma, Cheryl Antony, N. Jayakumar","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5228","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Phosphorus acts as a limiting nutrient in aquatic environments due to its non-availability as it forms insoluble precipitate with Ca, Mg, Fe and Al. Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) solubilizes the inorganic precipitate into soluble phosphorus. Methods: The PSB isolates were screened and isolated from rhizospheric sediment of mangrove, Avicennia marina of Ennore creek, Tamil Nadu. Their phosphorus transformation potential and the possibilities of their application in aquaculture to solubilize inorganic phosphorus were studied. Result: In the present study, thirteen nos. of PSB isolates were screened from the rhizospheric sediment samples of Avicennia marina collected from Ennore region and identified as Rhodococcus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas. The P-solubilizing activity and Acid phosphatase (ACPase) activity of PSB isolates were found to be in the range of 7.62±0.51- 16.33±0.84 mg/l and 4.40±0.28 - 22.77±0.32 mmol ml-1 h-1 respectively. The maximum ACPase activity was exhibited by Arthrobacter sp (22.77±0.32 mmol ml-1 h-1) followed by Rhodococcus sp. (18.08±0.78 mmol ml-1 h-1). The P-mobilizing potential of the isolates obtained in this study were compared with the commercial product following a microcosm study for a period of 21 days. Rhodococcus sp showed higher ACPase activity in sediment (12.00 mmol g-1 h-1) than that of the commercial product (11.23 mmol g-1 h-1).","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annie Mariam John, Vijayakumar Govindarajan, S. Kavitha, Mohamed Shafiuzama
Background: Nasal tumours of dogs often pose a diagnostic challenge due to their similar clinical manifestations with other chronic diseases. Therefore, their definitive diagnosis requires use of different diagnostic modalities like radiography, computed tomography and rhinoscopy along with biopsy. The present study evaluates the clinical, rhinoscopic and computed tomographic changes in 20 dogs with intranasal tumours. Methods: Dogs brought with clinical signs suggestive of nasal cavity diseases were screened by radiography and computed tomography of skull followed by rhinoscopy and biopsy of nasal mucosa for diagnosing nasal tumours. Result: The intranasal tumours encountered were- carcinoma, transmissible venereal tumour and haemangioma. Clinical signs, haemato-biochemical, radiographic, computed tomographic and rhinoscopic changes in dogs with intra nasal tumours confirmed through histopathological studies are presented.
{"title":"Clinical, Rhinoscopic and Computed Tomographic Studies in Twenty Dogs with Nasal Tumours","authors":"Annie Mariam John, Vijayakumar Govindarajan, S. Kavitha, Mohamed Shafiuzama","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5048","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nasal tumours of dogs often pose a diagnostic challenge due to their similar clinical manifestations with other chronic diseases. Therefore, their definitive diagnosis requires use of different diagnostic modalities like radiography, computed tomography and rhinoscopy along with biopsy. The present study evaluates the clinical, rhinoscopic and computed tomographic changes in 20 dogs with intranasal tumours. Methods: Dogs brought with clinical signs suggestive of nasal cavity diseases were screened by radiography and computed tomography of skull followed by rhinoscopy and biopsy of nasal mucosa for diagnosing nasal tumours. Result: The intranasal tumours encountered were- carcinoma, transmissible venereal tumour and haemangioma. Clinical signs, haemato-biochemical, radiographic, computed tomographic and rhinoscopic changes in dogs with intra nasal tumours confirmed through histopathological studies are presented.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Maftei, N. Lucica, D. Nicoleta, I. Daniela, A. Suler, S. Purdoiu, I. Vlad
Background: In this study we present a part of the genetic history of a native horse breed. Genetic analyzes are the basis of the development of strategies regarding the conservation of genetic resources and implicitly of inbreeding management plan. In this study we present another essential component of the inbreeding of a population, namely the inbreeding of broodmares themselves. Method: The method that we used in this study is based on A matrix coefficients. The research was carried out during 2012-2021, at Lucina National stud farm. The material was represented by a sample of 73 broodmares from the reproductive nucleus of the breed, from 5 bloodlines, analyzed on 5 generation of ascendants. The research was performed in the profile laboratories of the Faculty of Engineering and Management in Animal Production (Animal Sciences) from Bucharest. Results: The correlation between the breeding values of the reproductive active broodmares of Huþul from the Lucina stud, Suceava County, at the time of the analysis is 0.1875±0.0015. It was found the existence some differences between the values of the kinship coefficients of the mares born in different years, but the calculated value of the Fisher test (F= 1.3667NS) shows that the observed differences have no statistical significance.
{"title":"Study Regarding the Genetic Relationship between Broodmares from the Reproductive Nucleus of a Native Horse Breed","authors":"M. Maftei, N. Lucica, D. Nicoleta, I. Daniela, A. Suler, S. Purdoiu, I. Vlad","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1647","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this study we present a part of the genetic history of a native horse breed. Genetic analyzes are the basis of the development of strategies regarding the conservation of genetic resources and implicitly of inbreeding management plan. In this study we present another essential component of the inbreeding of a population, namely the inbreeding of broodmares themselves. Method: The method that we used in this study is based on A matrix coefficients. The research was carried out during 2012-2021, at Lucina National stud farm. The material was represented by a sample of 73 broodmares from the reproductive nucleus of the breed, from 5 bloodlines, analyzed on 5 generation of ascendants. The research was performed in the profile laboratories of the Faculty of Engineering and Management in Animal Production (Animal Sciences) from Bucharest. Results: The correlation between the breeding values of the reproductive active broodmares of Huþul from the Lucina stud, Suceava County, at the time of the analysis is 0.1875±0.0015. It was found the existence some differences between the values of the kinship coefficients of the mares born in different years, but the calculated value of the Fisher test (F= 1.3667NS) shows that the observed differences have no statistical significance.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139249650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M.S. See, Y.H. Lan, O.V. Byadgi, P.C. Liao, T.H. Li, M.A. Tsai
Background: The high mortality rate and stunted growth of marine shrimp in the farm have raised concerns about the outbreak of co-infection involving Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which could lead to significant economic loss. In a mixed-culture farm consisting of Scylla serrata and Peneaus vannamei located in Yunlin Country, Taiwan, were reported mortality cases on culture animals. Methods: Based on clinical signs, histology and molecular analyses, the disease was diagnosed in this study. In the histopathology examination, infected organs, such as the carapace and gills, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E), then observed under microscope. For the molecular analysis, SalI DNA fragment (WSSV) and spore wall protein (SWP) gene (EHP) were targeted to detected the pathogen in animal host. Result: The cumulative mortality data for this co-infection indicates that S. serrata (1.5% mortality) exhibits higher susceptibility compared to P. vannamei ( greater than 99% mortality). Phylogenetic tree analysis reveals that the spore wall protein (SWP) gene of EHP and the SalI DNA fragment of WSSV strain extracted from S. serrata are genetically similar to those extracted from Peneaus spp., indicating the potential for cross-species infection. Histopathological examination of lesion tissue observed the presence of WSSV basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the carapace tissue and gill fragments of S. serrata. The source of the disease outbreak is highly suspected to be the feed used, which consisted of raw shrimp and fish. This study provides the first documented case of natural EHP infection with co-infection of WSSV in S. serrata.
{"title":"Identification of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in Mud Crabs (Scylla serrata) Co-infected with White Spot Syndrome Virus in Taiwan","authors":"M.S. See, Y.H. Lan, O.V. Byadgi, P.C. Liao, T.H. Li, M.A. Tsai","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1708","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The high mortality rate and stunted growth of marine shrimp in the farm have raised concerns about the outbreak of co-infection involving Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which could lead to significant economic loss. In a mixed-culture farm consisting of Scylla serrata and Peneaus vannamei located in Yunlin Country, Taiwan, were reported mortality cases on culture animals. Methods: Based on clinical signs, histology and molecular analyses, the disease was diagnosed in this study. In the histopathology examination, infected organs, such as the carapace and gills, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E), then observed under microscope. For the molecular analysis, SalI DNA fragment (WSSV) and spore wall protein (SWP) gene (EHP) were targeted to detected the pathogen in animal host. Result: The cumulative mortality data for this co-infection indicates that S. serrata (1.5% mortality) exhibits higher susceptibility compared to P. vannamei ( greater than 99% mortality). Phylogenetic tree analysis reveals that the spore wall protein (SWP) gene of EHP and the SalI DNA fragment of WSSV strain extracted from S. serrata are genetically similar to those extracted from Peneaus spp., indicating the potential for cross-species infection. Histopathological examination of lesion tissue observed the presence of WSSV basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the carapace tissue and gill fragments of S. serrata. The source of the disease outbreak is highly suspected to be the feed used, which consisted of raw shrimp and fish. This study provides the first documented case of natural EHP infection with co-infection of WSSV in S. serrata.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The postpartum period is crucial for cattle reproduction. The length of postpartum anestrus significantly impacts reproductive efficiency. Apparently enhanced energy attribution to milk production may lead to anestrus by delaying the onset of follicular activity. The absence of an ovulation stimulus, rather than insufficient follicle growth, determines the limited duration until ovulation. The current study was aimed to document the postpartum ovarian dynamics in crossbred Jersey cows. Methods: The study was conducted in ten postpartum crossbred Jersey cows. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed to record the follicular development pattern from parturition till two ovulation or 90 days postpartum on alternate days. The data was analyzed for follicular wave emergence, no of follicular waves, size of the dominant follicle and ovulatory status. Result: Fourty per cent of crossbred Jersey cows showed cyclicity and rest 60 per cent of cows are in anestrum. The mean diameter size of the dominant follicle in ovulated cows is 12.2±1.2 mm and in anestrum cows is 10.6±0.4 mm. The first wave emergence is 5.7±0.3 and 10.8±5.9 day in OV and NOV group respectively. In conclusion significant difference could be observed in emergence of first, second, third, fourth and fifth follicular wave emergence, growth phase duration, rate, size of the dominant follicle and duration of wave between postpartum ovulated and anestrum cows.
{"title":"Characterization of Postpartum Ovarian Follicular Development Pattern in Crossbred Cows","authors":"Sengodan Raja, Soundarapandian Satheshkumar, Maniprabhu Selvaraju, Vaiyapuri Prabaharan, Masilamani Ramachandran, Paramasivam Athinarayanan","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5205","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The postpartum period is crucial for cattle reproduction. The length of postpartum anestrus significantly impacts reproductive efficiency. Apparently enhanced energy attribution to milk production may lead to anestrus by delaying the onset of follicular activity. The absence of an ovulation stimulus, rather than insufficient follicle growth, determines the limited duration until ovulation. The current study was aimed to document the postpartum ovarian dynamics in crossbred Jersey cows. Methods: The study was conducted in ten postpartum crossbred Jersey cows. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed to record the follicular development pattern from parturition till two ovulation or 90 days postpartum on alternate days. The data was analyzed for follicular wave emergence, no of follicular waves, size of the dominant follicle and ovulatory status. Result: Fourty per cent of crossbred Jersey cows showed cyclicity and rest 60 per cent of cows are in anestrum. The mean diameter size of the dominant follicle in ovulated cows is 12.2±1.2 mm and in anestrum cows is 10.6±0.4 mm. The first wave emergence is 5.7±0.3 and 10.8±5.9 day in OV and NOV group respectively. In conclusion significant difference could be observed in emergence of first, second, third, fourth and fifth follicular wave emergence, growth phase duration, rate, size of the dominant follicle and duration of wave between postpartum ovulated and anestrum cows.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139246847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Priyatharshni, P. Ruby, Cheryl Antony, C. Rajagopalsamy
Background: The present study was aimed to determine effect of replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with sesame meal (SSM) in the diet of Juvenile Thai chitralada tilapia. Methods: The study was undertaken with different inclusion levels of sesame meal (SSM) such as T1 (25% SSM), T2 (30% SSM), T3 (35% SSM) and control feed (C) for a period of 90 days. Result: Thai-Chitralada tilapia fed with T3 (35% SSM) diet attained maximum mean weight gain (28.09 g), highest specific growth rate (SGR) (2.69%), best feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.04), maximum average daily growth (ADG) (0.31 g) and maximum protein efficiency ratio (PER) (8.87). The lowest growth rate (GR) was observed in the group fed with control diet. Diets with 35% SSM replacement upon SBM showed higher amino acid (AA) profile than other treatments and control diet. Analysed AA profile in T3 - 35% SSM was Arg - 2.88, Hist - 0.86, Isol - 0.92, Leu - 2.60, Lys - 3.78, Met - 0.39, Cys - 0.38, Phe - 1.77, Thr - 1.08, Val - 0.99, Tyro - 1.09, Trypt - 0.24. The higher DNA / RNA ratio of Thai-Chitralada tilapia was obtained in T3 - 0.459, followed by T1 - 0.44 and T2 - 0.323. The lower DNA / RNA ratio of Thai-Chitralada was obtained in control - 0.321. One way ANOVA of the data analysis and Duncan multiple range test clearly affirmed that different between and sampling periods, Thai-Tilapia fingerlings had significant difference (P less than 0.05) among the different experimental diets. From the present experiment, it could be concluded that, sesame seed meal can replace 35% SBM in the diets of Thai-Chitralada tilapia.
{"title":"Effect of Replacement of Soybean Meal with Sesame Meal in The Diet of Thai-Chitralada Strain of Oreochromis niloticus (L)","authors":"A. Priyatharshni, P. Ruby, Cheryl Antony, C. Rajagopalsamy","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study was aimed to determine effect of replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with sesame meal (SSM) in the diet of Juvenile Thai chitralada tilapia. Methods: The study was undertaken with different inclusion levels of sesame meal (SSM) such as T1 (25% SSM), T2 (30% SSM), T3 (35% SSM) and control feed (C) for a period of 90 days. Result: Thai-Chitralada tilapia fed with T3 (35% SSM) diet attained maximum mean weight gain (28.09 g), highest specific growth rate (SGR) (2.69%), best feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.04), maximum average daily growth (ADG) (0.31 g) and maximum protein efficiency ratio (PER) (8.87). The lowest growth rate (GR) was observed in the group fed with control diet. Diets with 35% SSM replacement upon SBM showed higher amino acid (AA) profile than other treatments and control diet. Analysed AA profile in T3 - 35% SSM was Arg - 2.88, Hist - 0.86, Isol - 0.92, Leu - 2.60, Lys - 3.78, Met - 0.39, Cys - 0.38, Phe - 1.77, Thr - 1.08, Val - 0.99, Tyro - 1.09, Trypt - 0.24. The higher DNA / RNA ratio of Thai-Chitralada tilapia was obtained in T3 - 0.459, followed by T1 - 0.44 and T2 - 0.323. The lower DNA / RNA ratio of Thai-Chitralada was obtained in control - 0.321. One way ANOVA of the data analysis and Duncan multiple range test clearly affirmed that different between and sampling periods, Thai-Tilapia fingerlings had significant difference (P less than 0.05) among the different experimental diets. From the present experiment, it could be concluded that, sesame seed meal can replace 35% SBM in the diets of Thai-Chitralada tilapia.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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