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Determination of Cyanide in Blood by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection 高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定血液中氰化物
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.2.27
S. Chinaka, N. Takayama
Simultaneous determination of inorganic ions including cyanide by photometric ion chromatography was useful for a cyanide analysis in drinks, but not applicable to that in blood, because of its poor resolution for cyanide and chloride. In this report, to determine cyanide in blood, we adopted a selective and sensitive method for cyanide based on a fluorometric reaction with 2,3-naphthalenedialdehyde (NDA) and taurine to afford 1-cyanobenz[f]isoindole derivative. Cyanide was extracted from blood by adding water and methanol to whole blood, and then derivatized with NDA and taurine. The cyanide derivative was analyzed on a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatograph system with fluorescence detector.   In the analysis of standard solutions, the reagent blank showed a minor peak of cyanide corresponding to ca. 0.04 ng/ml. Thus the lower detection limit for cyanide standard solution was 0.1 ng/ml as 2.5-fold concentration of the reagent blank peak. The peak seemed to be due to trace cyanide in reagents, however, it was so minor peak that it didn't interfere with cyanide determination in blood. The calibration curve for cyanide standard solution was linear in the range 0.1-200 ng/ml. In the blood analysis, the method enabled us to determine cyanide from healthy persons level (ca. 10 ng/ml) to fatal level (ca. 3000 ng/ml) employing the same treatment.
光度离子色谱法同时测定含氰化物的无机离子可用于饮料中的氰化物分析,但由于其对氰化物和氯化物的分辨率较差,因此不适用于血液中的氰化物分析。在本报告中,为了测定血液中的氰化物,我们采用了一种基于2,3-萘二醛(NDA)和牛磺酸的荧光反应得到1-氰苯[f]异吲哚衍生物的选择性灵敏的氰化物测定方法。将水和甲醇加入全血中提取血液中的氰化物,然后与NDA和牛磺酸衍生。在带荧光检测器的反相高效液相色谱仪上对氰化物衍生物进行了分析。在标准溶液分析中,试剂空白中氰化物出现一个小峰,约为0.04 ng/ml。因此,氰化物标准溶液的检测下限为0.1 ng/ml,为试剂空白峰浓度的2.5倍。这个峰值似乎是由于试剂中痕量氰化物引起的,但这个峰值非常小,不会影响血液中氰化物的测定。在0.1 ~ 200 ng/ml范围内,氰化物标准溶液的校准曲线呈线性关系。在血液分析中,采用相同的处理方法,该方法使我们能够确定从健康人水平(约10纳克/毫升)到致命水平(约3000纳克/毫升)的氰化物。
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引用次数: 3
Y-Specific Polymorphisms in the Japanese and Taiwanese Populations 日本和台湾人群的y型特异性多态性
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.5.61
N. Mizuno, F. Calafell, R. Lu, K. Kasai, Hajime Sato
Six short tandem repeat loci (DYS19, DYS388, DYS390, DYS391, DS392 and DYS393) on the nonrecombining portion of the human Y chromosome were examined to investigate the usefulness of Y-chromosome haplotyping for human identification purposes in the Japanese and Taiwanese populations. In addition to STR loci, a Y-chromosome Alu insertion polymorphism (YAP) was tested in the Japanese samples.
研究了人类Y染色体非重组部分的6个短串联重复位点(DYS19、DYS388、DYS390、DYS391、DS392和DYS393),探讨了Y染色体单倍型在日本和台湾人群中的鉴定价值。除了STR位点外,在日本样品中还检测了y染色体Alu插入多态性(YAP)。
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引用次数: 3
Assessment of Computer-assisted Comparison between 3D and 2D Facial Images. 三维和二维面部图像计算机辅助比较的评估。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.5.9
M. Yoshino, H. Matsuda, S. Kubota, K. Imaizumi, S. Miyasaka
The face-to-face superimposition was experimentally performed to assess the reliability of the facial image comparison with the computer-assisted facial image identification system. For evaluating the match of the 3D and 2D facial images of the same person, the 3D facial image obtained from 25 examinees was compared to the 2D oblique facial image of the same examinees ten times, yielding 250 superimpositions. In the case of the different person, the 3D facial images of 25 examinees were each compared to the 2D facial images of other 24 examinees, yielding 600 superimpositions. The average distance obtained from the reciprocal point-to-point differences on sixteen anthropometrical points of the 3D and 2D images was used as a matching criterion.   The results showed that the measuring system for the reciprocal point-to-point differences on the superimposition image was reproducible. The ranges of the average distance were 1.4-3.3 for the same person and 2.6-7.0 for a different person, respectively. The average distance and percentage error at the FP/FN crossover point were 3.1 and 4.2%. In this experiment, it was suggested that the facial image comparison using the reciprocal points matching was reliable when the threshold of the average distance was 2.5.
通过实验验证了人脸图像与计算机辅助人脸图像识别系统比对的可靠性。为了评估同一人的三维和二维面部图像的匹配性,将25名考生的三维面部图像与同一考生的二维倾斜面部图像进行10次比较,得到250个叠加。在不同的人的情况下,将25名考生的3D面部图像与其他24名考生的2D面部图像进行比较,产生600个叠加。利用三维和二维图像的16个人体测量点的点对点差倒数获得的平均距离作为匹配准则。结果表明,该测量系统对叠加图像的点对点倒数差值具有可重复性。同一人的平均距离为1.4 ~ 3.3,不同人的平均距离为2.6 ~ 7.0。在右翼和右翼交叉点的平均距离和百分比误差分别为3.1%和4.2%。本实验表明,当平均距离阈值为2.5时,使用倒易点匹配的人脸图像比较是可靠的。
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引用次数: 18
The Optimum Elution Temperature and Time in Absorption-Elution Test Using Commercially Available Monoclonal Antibodies for ABO Blood-Typing from Hair Samples 利用市售单克隆抗体对头发样本ABO血型进行吸收-洗脱试验的最佳洗脱温度和时间
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.6.49
T. Ohmori, Hajime Sato
The optimum elution temperature and optimum elution time of absorption-elution test for ABO blood-typing from hair samples using commercially available monoclonal antibody were examined. Elution temperature was examined in the range of 51-57°C and elution time was examined in the range of 2-15 min. The eluting antibodies were semi-quantitatively analyzed by ELISA using synthetic blood group antigens. The optimum elution temperature and optimum elution time were determined for each monoclonal antibody. The procedure of absorption-elution method for hair samples was improved and the improved procedure was evaluated by a blind test. The improved procedure of the absorption-elution test gave a satisfactory result.
探讨了市售单克隆抗体对头发样品ABO血型的吸收-洗脱试验的最佳洗脱温度和最佳洗脱时间。洗脱温度为51 ~ 57℃,洗脱时间为2 ~ 15 min。ELISA法采用合成血型抗原对洗脱抗体进行半定量分析。确定各单克隆抗体的最佳洗脱温度和最佳洗脱时间。对毛发样品的吸收-洗脱方法进行了改进,并通过盲法试验对改进后的方法进行了评价。改进的吸收-洗脱试验方法取得了满意的结果。
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引用次数: 3
The Method of Comparison of Seal and Outline Using Vector Data 基于矢量数据的密封与轮廓比较方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.8.75
M. Ishikawa, Kouji Sugawa
7 February 2003 ) In this report, we propose a seal-identiˆcation method using photo-retouching software ( Adobe Photoshop ) . We devised a procedure by which one can create an outline of the image of a known seal by the ``path'' function and compare it by superimposing it over the image of the questioned seal. A Photoshop path expresses the range of an image with vector data. To examine the usefulness of this method, we evaluated the degree of precision in detecting an outline as well as the degree of distortion due to the rotation of the path, and then simulated a seal identiˆcation. The results showed that this method had a su‹cient degree of precision in iden-tifying seals. The method has two major advantages: faster and easier processing than the method by photograph and accuracy in reproducing the testing process
在这篇报告中,我们提出了一种使用照片修图软件(Adobe Photoshop)的海豹识别方法。我们设计了一个程序,通过该程序,人们可以通过“路径”函数创建已知印章的图像轮廓,并通过将其叠加在可疑印章的图像上进行比较。Photoshop路径用矢量数据表示图像的范围。为了检验该方法的实用性,我们评估了检测轮廓的精度程度以及由于路径旋转引起的扭曲程度,然后模拟了密封识别。结果表明,该方法具有较高的鉴定精度。该方法具有两大优点:一是比照相法处理更快、更容易;二是重现试验过程的准确性高
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引用次数: 1
Latent Fingerprint Processing by Ruthenium Tetroxide Method 四氧化二钌法处理潜在指纹
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.2.21
K. Mashiko, T. Miyamoto
The method studied in this paper is developing latent fingerprints based on ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4) method. Ruthenium tetroxide fuming promptly react with various organic compound, particularly oils or fats contained in sebaceous secretions in latent print and producing brownish black or black ruthenium dioxide (RuO2).   Ruthnium Tetroxide is yellow, volatile crystails (melting point; 25.5°C, boiling point; 100.8°C) at room temperature.   Conventional methods using RuO4 have been almost impractical because it is very difficult to handle by its strong oxidizability. Additionally because of the two liquid method, it is not only troublesome to produce RuO4 fumes immediately before developing latent fingerprints, but also is difficult to produce necessary ammounts of RuO4 fumes.   In this method, these problems were resolved by utilizing a saturated hydrocarbon halogenid solution of RuO4
本文研究的方法是基于四氧化二钌(RuO4)法开发潜在指纹图谱。发烟的四氧化二钌能迅速与各种有机化合物,特别是皮脂腺分泌物中所含的油脂发生反应,产生棕黑色或黑色的二氧化钌(RuO2)。四氧化钌呈黄色,易挥发结晶(熔点;25.5℃,沸点;100.8°C)。由于其强氧化性使其难以处理,传统的使用氧化钌的方法几乎是不切实际的。此外,由于采用双液法,不仅在显现潜在指纹之前立即产生RuO4烟雾很麻烦,而且很难产生必要数量的RuO4烟雾。在该方法中,利用饱和烃类卤化溶液若o4解决了这些问题
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引用次数: 6
Tracking Phenomenon and Fire of Organic Insulating Materials 有机绝缘材料的跟踪现象与火灾
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.6.65
K. Kinoshita
Tracking phenomenon, to put it plainly, is the phenomenon to form the carbonized electrical track and lose insulation in the part with potential diŠerence on the surface of insulating materials. Tracking resistance means the di‹culty occuring the tracking phenomenon of the organic insulation materials. Studies on the tracking phenomenon and the method of evaluating tracking resistance has been often reported on so far. But, there are only a few comprehensive researches and commentaries which include tracking phenomenon and the ˆre which occurs by the tracking phenomenon. Hence, I decided to explain tracking phenomenon of the organic insulating materials and the phenomenon that developed concerning the ˆre which develops and is called, tracking ˆre. Tracking phenomenon is discussed ˆrst. Next, cases of tracking ˆre in electric wiring and the wiring utensil and the studies on the cause of tracking ˆre are explained. Furthermore, prevention of tracking ˆre and future problems are also discussed.
轨迹现象,说白了就是在绝缘材料表面有电位diŠerence的部分,形成碳化的电气轨迹而失去绝缘的现象。跟踪电阻是指有机绝缘材料发生跟踪现象的电阻。迄今为止,对跟踪现象和跟踪阻力评估方法的研究报道较多。但是,包括跟踪现象和跟踪现象所产生的影响在内的综合性研究和评论却很少。因此,我决定解释有机绝缘材料的跟踪现象和有关re的发展现象,这种现象被称为跟踪re。首先讨论了跟踪现象。其次,介绍了电线和接线器具中出现的绕线现象,以及对绕线原因的研究。此外,还讨论了跟踪re的预防和未来的问题。
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引用次数: 4
A New Procedure for the Multiplex PCR Amplification of TH01, CSF1PO and TPOX Loci with Small Amplicon Lengths. TH01、CSF1PO和TPOX小扩增子位点多重PCR扩增新方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.6.129
K. Fujii, H. Senju, Kanako Yoshida, Hajime Sato, K. Kasai
We describe a new procedure for the multiplex PCR amplification of the three short tandem repeat (STR) loci; TH01, CSF1PO and TPOX with small amplicon lengths (the Small TCT Multiplex). The accuracy of the Small TCT Multiplex was verified by typing 100 Japanese samples that had been previously typed using an AmpFlSTR Green I PCR amplification kit (Green I Kit). The results using the Small TCT Multiplex were consistent with those obtained by the Green I Kit. STR typing using the Small TCT Multiplex was examined from 36 bloodstain samples that had been left for 1 to 25 years at room temperature and compared to that using the Green I Kit. The Small TCT Multiplex was superior to the Green I Kit for STR typing especially in the case of bloodstain samples that had aged for more than 8 years.
我们描述了一个新的程序多重PCR扩增三个短串联重复(STR)位点;TH01, CSF1PO和TPOX具有较小的放大长度(small TCT Multiplex)。通过使用AmpFlSTR Green I PCR扩增试剂盒(Green I kit)分型100份日本样本,验证了Small TCT Multiplex的准确性。使用Small TCT Multiplex的结果与Green I Kit的结果一致。使用Small TCT Multiplex对36个在室温下放置1至25年的血迹样本进行STR分型检查,并与使用Green I Kit进行比较。Small TCT Multiplex优于Green I Kit用于STR分型,特别是在年龄超过8年的血迹样本的情况下。
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引用次数: 1
Detection of Deception with Event-Related Brain Potentials 用事件相关脑电位检测欺骗
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.3.21
S. Hira
This article reviewed previous studies concerning psychophysiological detection of deception in which event-related brain potential(ERP) had been recorded as a response index. The usual dependent measures in detection studies are autonomic activities such as respiratory, electrodermal, and cardiovascular responses that are assumed to be correlates of the emotional state induced by crime relevant questions. Recently, however, researchers in this field have emphasized the importance of cognitive factors rather than emotional ones to detect guilt and this trend facilitates the use of ERP as a detection measure.   Several ERP components have been identified and each functional significance during human information-processing has been well described. In the ERP-based detection studies, a component such as P3, N400, or CNV(contingent negative variation) have been used as a detection index. The P3 is elicited by rare and meaningful events that are relevant to the participant's task. The N400 component is elicited by semantic anomalies such as words that complete sentences falsely. The CNV has been variously described as related to expectancy, motivation, and attention. Although these three ERP components seem valid detection measures, the most promising index in the field practice is the P3 component because of its relative ease of recordings and large amplitudes. Moreover, in laboratory studies, correct detection rates by the P3 component are slightly higher than the rates by the conventional autonomic measurements.   Several merits of using an ERP component as a detection index are summarized as follows: 1) advancement and elaboration in judgment of test results because ERP are specifically time locked to an event, 2) an improvement of the correct detection rate, 3) an improvement of test objectivity and reliability, and 4) counteracting countermeasures. Before the practical use of ERPs in the psychophysiological detection of deception, however, a method of artifact-free measurement of ERPs and a definite criterion of judgment for individuals must be established.
本文综述了以事件相关脑电位(event-相关brain potential, ERP)作为反应指标的欺骗心理生理检测研究。在检测研究中,通常的依赖测量是自主活动,如呼吸、皮肤电和心血管反应,这些反应被认为与犯罪相关问题引起的情绪状态相关。然而,最近这一领域的研究人员强调认知因素而不是情感因素在检测内疚中的重要性,这一趋势促进了ERP作为一种检测手段的使用。已经确定了几个ERP组件,并对人类信息处理过程中的每个功能意义进行了很好的描述。在基于erp的检测研究中,P3、N400或CNV(或有负变异)等成分被用作检测指标。P3是由与参与者的任务相关的罕见和有意义的事件引发的。N400成分是由语义异常引起的,比如错误地完成句子的单词。CNV被不同地描述为与期望、动机和注意力有关。虽然这三个ERP分量似乎是有效的检测措施,但在现场实践中最有希望的指标是P3分量,因为它相对容易记录且振幅大。此外,在实验室研究中,P3成分的正确检出率略高于传统自主测量的检出率。使用ERP组件作为检测指标的几个优点总结如下:1)由于ERP是特定时间锁定在一个事件上,因此对测试结果的判断具有先进性和精细化,2)提高了正确的检出率,3)提高了测试的客观性和可靠性,4)抵消对策。然而,在将erp实际应用于心理生理欺骗检测之前,必须建立一种无伪影的erp测量方法和明确的个体判断标准。
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引用次数: 4
モノクローナル抗体を用いた改良混合凝集法による ABO 式血液型検査法 采用单克隆抗体的改良混合凝聚法的ABO血型检测法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3408/JASTI.6.85
淀谷 順一郎, 一雄 五十嵐
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Japanese Journal of Science and Technology for Identification
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