Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1587/elex.19.20220393
Chenxiao Lin, Qingyang Zeng, D. Shang
A range reduction method for shift-and-add algorithms for exponential functions is proposed in this paper. An exponential function accelerator with this method and radix-16 shift-and-add algorithm has been implemented in SMIC 55 nm CMOS process. Compared with the existing method, the proposed method reduces the latency (cycles) by 33% and 20% for 16 and 32-bit precision results, respectively; thereby increasing the throughputto50Mexp/sandreducingthepowerconsumptionto4.6pJ/exp.Inaddition,thismethodsavesdieareasincenoarithmeticunitsareadopted.Thisexponentialacceleratorissupposedtobeusedinaneuromorphicchipforspikingneuralnetworkmodeling.
{"title":"An exponential function accelerator with radix-16 algorithm for spiking neural networks","authors":"Chenxiao Lin, Qingyang Zeng, D. Shang","doi":"10.1587/elex.19.20220393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.19.20220393","url":null,"abstract":"A range reduction method for shift-and-add algorithms for exponential functions is proposed in this paper. An exponential function accelerator with this method and radix-16 shift-and-add algorithm has been implemented in SMIC 55 nm CMOS process. Compared with the existing method, the proposed method reduces the latency (cycles) by 33% and 20% for 16 and 32-bit precision results, respectively; thereby increasing the throughputto50Mexp/sandreducingthepowerconsumptionto4.6pJ/exp.Inaddition,thismethodsavesdieareasincenoarithmeticunitsareadopted.Thisexponentialacceleratorissupposedtobeusedinaneuromorphicchipforspikingneuralnetworkmodeling.","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"101 1","pages":"20220393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77420277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1587/elex.20.20230113
Bo Zhang, Qi Wang, Xiaolei Yu, Qianhui Li, Jing He, Xianliang Wang, Qian Zhao, Xuhong Qiang, Z. Huo, Tianchun Ye
{"title":"FBEL: Enhanced LLR optimization algorithm based on the VSER prediction by flag bits in the bit-flipping scheme","authors":"Bo Zhang, Qi Wang, Xiaolei Yu, Qianhui Li, Jing He, Xianliang Wang, Qian Zhao, Xuhong Qiang, Z. Huo, Tianchun Ye","doi":"10.1587/elex.20.20230113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.20.20230113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"47 25","pages":"20230113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91420344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1587/elex.20.20230022
Yuzhong Yao, Yuesheng Shao, Jiliang Zhang, J. Zhang
{"title":"UWB MIMO optical transparent antenna based on ITO film","authors":"Yuzhong Yao, Yuesheng Shao, Jiliang Zhang, J. Zhang","doi":"10.1587/elex.20.20230022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.20.20230022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"22 1","pages":"20230022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91533866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1587/elex.20.20230104
J. Qu, Chenjian Wu
{"title":"A low temperature coefficient wide temperature range bandgap reference with high power supply rejection","authors":"J. Qu, Chenjian Wu","doi":"10.1587/elex.20.20230104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.20.20230104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"4 1","pages":"20230104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79567682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1587/elex.19.20220371
Akio Tanaka
In this study, a vasomotion quantification method using a photoplethysmography prototype, which performs near-infrared spectroscopy in combination with green light, is proposed. A structure that suppresses the motion artifact and that is held by the eyeglasses on the back of the ear enables the relative concentration changes of total hemoglobin and pulse wave amplitude to be measured during exercise with and without the presence of wind impacting the face. We established a microcirculatory windkessel model including arteriovenous anastomoses estimated from the blood flow changes in the depth direction that were acquired using three wavelengths of light and reproduced the vasomotion on a computer. The values predicted by the model were in good agreement with the measured values. The extracted vasomotion can be used to understand autonomic control by the central nervous system.
{"title":"Analysis of a microcirculatory windkessel model using photoplethysmography with green light: A pilot study","authors":"Akio Tanaka","doi":"10.1587/elex.19.20220371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.19.20220371","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a vasomotion quantification method using a photoplethysmography prototype, which performs near-infrared spectroscopy in combination with green light, is proposed. A structure that suppresses the motion artifact and that is held by the eyeglasses on the back of the ear enables the relative concentration changes of total hemoglobin and pulse wave amplitude to be measured during exercise with and without the presence of wind impacting the face. We established a microcirculatory windkessel model including arteriovenous anastomoses estimated from the blood flow changes in the depth direction that were acquired using three wavelengths of light and reproduced the vasomotion on a computer. The values predicted by the model were in good agreement with the measured values. The extracted vasomotion can be used to understand autonomic control by the central nervous system.","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"1 1","pages":"20220371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83004305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1587/elex.19.20220165
Jianhua Deng, Yanping Wang
When the photovoltaic system is put into use, some natural objects will cause partial shadows on the photovoltaic modules. And in this case, the output characteristics of the photovoltaic array will change from the original "single peak" to "multi-peak", and the power of the photovoltaic array will have multiple extreme values, which will increase the difficulty of tracking the maximum power of the photovoltaic array. The traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is no longer applicable. Most of them fall into the local maximum power and cannot find the global maximum power. Although the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) has a certain ability to solve the global optimization problem, the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm can’t be regarded as a complete global optimization algorithm. Since the power output curve of the photovoltaic array is severely non-linear in the shaded situation, the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm may also fall into a local optimum and fail to find the global optimum. Compared with the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm with time-varying compression factor proposed in this paper can better balance the relationship between global search and local search, and can effectively avoid falling into the local optimal value and not finding it. To the correct maximum power point, while also increasing the speed of convergence. Comparing the method proposed in this paper with the standard particle swarm algorithm through experiments, the results show that the method proposed in this paper is of great significance for improving the efficiency of photovoltaic systems under partial shadow conditions.
{"title":"Research on MPPT of photovoltaic system based on PSO with time-varying compression factor","authors":"Jianhua Deng, Yanping Wang","doi":"10.1587/elex.19.20220165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.19.20220165","url":null,"abstract":"When the photovoltaic system is put into use, some natural objects will cause partial shadows on the photovoltaic modules. And in this case, the output characteristics of the photovoltaic array will change from the original \"single peak\" to \"multi-peak\", and the power of the photovoltaic array will have multiple extreme values, which will increase the difficulty of tracking the maximum power of the photovoltaic array. The traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is no longer applicable. Most of them fall into the local maximum power and cannot find the global maximum power. Although the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) has a certain ability to solve the global optimization problem, the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm can’t be regarded as a complete global optimization algorithm. Since the power output curve of the photovoltaic array is severely non-linear in the shaded situation, the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm may also fall into a local optimum and fail to find the global optimum. Compared with the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm with time-varying compression factor proposed in this paper can better balance the relationship between global search and local search, and can effectively avoid falling into the local optimal value and not finding it. To the correct maximum power point, while also increasing the speed of convergence. Comparing the method proposed in this paper with the standard particle swarm algorithm through experiments, the results show that the method proposed in this paper is of great significance for improving the efficiency of photovoltaic systems under partial shadow conditions.","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"61 1","pages":"20220165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75380827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An analytical model is proposed to calculate the performance on beam collecting efficiency (BCE) of transmitting arrays with excitation errors for microwave power transmission (MPT). Due to the inconsistent output of power amplifiers and the uncertainty of the joint loss of radio frequency (RF) device, the small perturbations will be brought into excitation amplitudes and phases, which will decrease the BCE. This analytical model involves the use of a Taylor series expansion to account for small perturbations in the excitation errors. The mathematical model between the statistical information of excitation perturbations and BCE is directly established. To fully prove the accuracy of the given model, numerous random samples will be used to compare the results of the proposed model and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Compared with the MCS, the proposed model does not require much-repeated calculation. The proposed method can be applied at the antenna design stage to effectively evaluate the effect of excitation perturbations on the BCE.
{"title":"An analytical model of transmitting arrays with excitation perturbations for microwave power transmission","authors":"Shuo Zhang, Shunxi Lou, Wei Wang, Yuanchen Zeng, Xiang Gao","doi":"10.1587/elex.19.20220396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.19.20220396","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical model is proposed to calculate the performance on beam collecting efficiency (BCE) of transmitting arrays with excitation errors for microwave power transmission (MPT). Due to the inconsistent output of power amplifiers and the uncertainty of the joint loss of radio frequency (RF) device, the small perturbations will be brought into excitation amplitudes and phases, which will decrease the BCE. This analytical model involves the use of a Taylor series expansion to account for small perturbations in the excitation errors. The mathematical model between the statistical information of excitation perturbations and BCE is directly established. To fully prove the accuracy of the given model, numerous random samples will be used to compare the results of the proposed model and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Compared with the MCS, the proposed model does not require much-repeated calculation. The proposed method can be applied at the antenna design stage to effectively evaluate the effect of excitation perturbations on the BCE.","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"26 1","pages":"20220396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75489458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1587/elex.18.20210286
Zhiqiang Wang, Xin Liu, Zhiqiang Li, Xiaosong Wang, Minghua Wang, Quan Li, Yan Li, Yu Liu
This paper presents a four-way current-combining Ka-band power amplifier(PA) in 65-nm CMOS technology. A symmetrical, transmission line based four-way current combiner, together with output transformers, is used to transfer the high load impedance(4* 𝑍 𝐿 ) to the desired 𝑍 𝑜𝑝𝑡 foreachpowerunitcell.Besides,bothinterstage/inputflexible matching transformers and the power splitter are optimized to improve the performance. Based on the methodology mentioned above, the power amplifier demonstrates a small-signal gain of about 24.12 dB, a saturated output power of 21.56 dBm, and a peak power-added efficiency of 27.3% at 35GHz.
{"title":"A 21.56dBm four-way current-combining power amplifier for Ka-band applications in 65-nm CMOS","authors":"Zhiqiang Wang, Xin Liu, Zhiqiang Li, Xiaosong Wang, Minghua Wang, Quan Li, Yan Li, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1587/elex.18.20210286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/elex.18.20210286","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a four-way current-combining Ka-band power amplifier(PA) in 65-nm CMOS technology. A symmetrical, transmission line based four-way current combiner, together with output transformers, is used to transfer the high load impedance(4* 𝑍 𝐿 ) to the desired 𝑍 𝑜𝑝𝑡 foreachpowerunitcell.Besides,bothinterstage/inputflexible matching transformers and the power splitter are optimized to improve the performance. Based on the methodology mentioned above, the power amplifier demonstrates a small-signal gain of about 24.12 dB, a saturated output power of 21.56 dBm, and a peak power-added efficiency of 27.3% at 35GHz.","PeriodicalId":13437,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Electron. Express","volume":"1 1","pages":"20210286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78445095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：