M. Aramesh, A. Malakian, M. Hosseinzadeh, M. Dehdashtian, Mohammad Rostami Shahrebabaki
Introduction: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common disorder in premature infants which causes heart failure. Platelets and C-reactive protein (CRP) play an important role in closure. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum CRP and plasma platelet count in preterm infants with PDA compared to infants without PDA. Patients and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on premature infants with PDA admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital in Ahvaz, Iran (2020-2021). A group of 120 infants with inclusion criteria was selected and divided into two groups of 60 subjects. The preterm infant with PDA and without PDA was defined as the case and control group, respectively. Platelet count, serum CRP, and an echocardiogram were assessed in all infants. The subjects were matched by gender, gestational age, and birth weight. Results: The mean platelet count was 194.67±74.03 (×103 /mm3 ) in the neonate with PDA, and it was significantly lower than in neonate without PDA (P=0.04). The mean of serum CRP was significantly different in neonates with PDA (11.62±5.96 mg/L) compared to neonates with closed arterial ducts (8.52±3.97 mg/L; P=0.002). Additionally, PDA was associated with high platelet distribution width (PDW). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that PDA is associated with a low-number of platelets and high serum levels of CRP in preterm neonates. It is suggested that further studies with a higher sample size on platelet count and/or function be performed in PDA patients to understanding more about the cause of PDA and to discover novel and beneficial aims in these cases
{"title":"Platelet counts and C-reactive protein in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus","authors":"M. Aramesh, A. Malakian, M. Hosseinzadeh, M. Dehdashtian, Mohammad Rostami Shahrebabaki","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.29291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.29291","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common disorder in premature infants which causes heart failure. Platelets and C-reactive protein (CRP) play an important role in closure. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum CRP and plasma platelet count in preterm infants with PDA compared to infants without PDA. Patients and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on premature infants with PDA admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital in Ahvaz, Iran (2020-2021). A group of 120 infants with inclusion criteria was selected and divided into two groups of 60 subjects. The preterm infant with PDA and without PDA was defined as the case and control group, respectively. Platelet count, serum CRP, and an echocardiogram were assessed in all infants. The subjects were matched by gender, gestational age, and birth weight. Results: The mean platelet count was 194.67±74.03 (×103 /mm3 ) in the neonate with PDA, and it was significantly lower than in neonate without PDA (P=0.04). The mean of serum CRP was significantly different in neonates with PDA (11.62±5.96 mg/L) compared to neonates with closed arterial ducts (8.52±3.97 mg/L; P=0.002). Additionally, PDA was associated with high platelet distribution width (PDW). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that PDA is associated with a low-number of platelets and high serum levels of CRP in preterm neonates. It is suggested that further studies with a higher sample size on platelet count and/or function be performed in PDA patients to understanding more about the cause of PDA and to discover novel and beneficial aims in these cases","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45435982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Mahdi Majzoobi, Behnoosh Heidari, F. Keramat, J. Poorolajal, Hamid Reza Ghasemi Basir, A. Soltanian, P. Eini
Background: Different methods are used for determining the severity of chronic viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis. Methods: We compared the results of the liver biopsy, based on Metavir scoring system with biomarkers such as Fibrosis-4(FIB-4) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) in identifying liver fibrosis. Results: Of 194 patients, 63 and 131 had hepatitis B and C, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between Metavir 0/1 and Metavir 2/3 based on FIB-4, APRI and the mean of PT, INR, PLT, ALT and AST. The correlation was seen between FIB-4 and APRI with Metavir score of patients with hepatitis. The liver fibrosis in the patients with hepatitis B according to FIB-4 index in cut off less than 1.1 have sensitivity %83.3, specificity %64.7, positive predictive value (PPV) %35.7 and negative predictive value (NPV) %94.3, but according to APRI in cut off less than 0.73 have the sensitivity %59, specificity %76.5, PPV % 33.3 and NPP %86.7. The liver fibrosis in the patients with hepatitis C according to FIB-4 index in cut off less than 1.47 have sensitivity %73.7, specificity %73.2, PPV %31.8 and NPV %94.3, but according to APRI in cut off less than 1.7 have the sensitivity %42.1, specificity %97.3, PPV % 72.7 and NPP %90.8. Conclusions: According to the results, in the patients with chronic hepatitis, the severity of liver fibrosis increases with rising of APRI and FIB-4 indices. Therefore, these two indices can be used instead of biopsy in certain circumstances.
{"title":"Comparison of invasive and non-invasive tests for assessment of liver fibrosis in the patients with chronic hepatitis B and C","authors":"Mohammad Mahdi Majzoobi, Behnoosh Heidari, F. Keramat, J. Poorolajal, Hamid Reza Ghasemi Basir, A. Soltanian, P. Eini","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.32404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.32404","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Different methods are used for determining the severity of chronic viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis. Methods: We compared the results of the liver biopsy, based on Metavir scoring system with biomarkers such as Fibrosis-4(FIB-4) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) in identifying liver fibrosis. Results: Of 194 patients, 63 and 131 had hepatitis B and C, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between Metavir 0/1 and Metavir 2/3 based on FIB-4, APRI and the mean of PT, INR, PLT, ALT and AST. The correlation was seen between FIB-4 and APRI with Metavir score of patients with hepatitis. The liver fibrosis in the patients with hepatitis B according to FIB-4 index in cut off less than 1.1 have sensitivity %83.3, specificity %64.7, positive predictive value (PPV) %35.7 and negative predictive value (NPV) %94.3, but according to APRI in cut off less than 0.73 have the sensitivity %59, specificity %76.5, PPV % 33.3 and NPP %86.7. The liver fibrosis in the patients with hepatitis C according to FIB-4 index in cut off less than 1.47 have sensitivity %73.7, specificity %73.2, PPV %31.8 and NPV %94.3, but according to APRI in cut off less than 1.7 have the sensitivity %42.1, specificity %97.3, PPV % 72.7 and NPP %90.8. Conclusions: According to the results, in the patients with chronic hepatitis, the severity of liver fibrosis increases with rising of APRI and FIB-4 indices. Therefore, these two indices can be used instead of biopsy in certain circumstances.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45584166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
fatemeh saebi, S. malaekeh, seyed mohammad bagher mohammadi, N. Chamkouri, ali saeedi Boroujeni, Zahra Koolivand
Introduction: In COVID-19 patients, those with underlying disease are relatively more susceptible to respiratory viral infections and are more likely to develop severe symptoms compared to people without underlying disease. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-17 in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and patients with underlying disease. Patients and Methods: Serum samples were collected before administration of any antiviral and/or immunosuppressive drug. Around 64 adult patients with COVID-19 and 12 adult patients with underlying disease were compared with 16 healthy subjects as controls. The cytokine levels were assessed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method and the statistical analysis was carried out using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The average levels of these cytokines in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild and control group (r=0.48, P<0.016); it is worth noting that patients with underlying disease also displayed a higher level of these cytokines than those with mild and control groups ( r = 0.283, P<0.049). No significant differences were observed between severe and other patients with underlying disease and also between mild and control groups. Conclusion: Our data indicate that IL-17 and IL-8 are involved in inducing and mediating proinflammatory responses and that the elevated level of these inflammatory cytokines could be the effective ground in the severity of COVID-19 and being susceptible in people with underlying disease. Thus, providing a platform of inflammatory signature cytokines in COVID-19 patients with underlying co-morbidities or without as well as in non-COVID-19 patients with underlying diseases might provide a promising solution to COVID-19 disease.
{"title":"Evaluating serum levels of interleukin-8 and interleukin-17 in patients with COVID-19 and their correlation with disease severity","authors":"fatemeh saebi, S. malaekeh, seyed mohammad bagher mohammadi, N. Chamkouri, ali saeedi Boroujeni, Zahra Koolivand","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.31368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.31368","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In COVID-19 patients, those with underlying disease are relatively more susceptible to respiratory viral infections and are more likely to develop severe symptoms compared to people without underlying disease. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-17 in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and patients with underlying disease. Patients and Methods: Serum samples were collected before administration of any antiviral and/or immunosuppressive drug. Around 64 adult patients with COVID-19 and 12 adult patients with underlying disease were compared with 16 healthy subjects as controls. The cytokine levels were assessed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method and the statistical analysis was carried out using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The average levels of these cytokines in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild and control group (r=0.48, P<0.016); it is worth noting that patients with underlying disease also displayed a higher level of these cytokines than those with mild and control groups ( r = 0.283, P<0.049). No significant differences were observed between severe and other patients with underlying disease and also between mild and control groups. Conclusion: Our data indicate that IL-17 and IL-8 are involved in inducing and mediating proinflammatory responses and that the elevated level of these inflammatory cytokines could be the effective ground in the severity of COVID-19 and being susceptible in people with underlying disease. Thus, providing a platform of inflammatory signature cytokines in COVID-19 patients with underlying co-morbidities or without as well as in non-COVID-19 patients with underlying diseases might provide a promising solution to COVID-19 disease.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48522954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) are recognized as two indexes for diagnosis of osteoporosis. Objectives: The present study assesses the TBS performance as an alternative test for BMD. Patients and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study conducted on 2,106 patients were referred to two central hospitals; Resalat and Loghman in Tehran, Iran. Necessary data have been collected for the analysis process, including age, gender, body mass index, and L1-L4 TBS. Results: Four-hundred eligible patients were considered for our analysis process. Among these patients, about 13.8 and 86.3% were men and women with mean ages of 54.04 ± 10.92 and 53.83 ± 10.16 years, respectively (P=0.88). Our study showed a statistically significant difference between the mean TBS of all regions in patients (P=0.001), while this value was dependent on the gender and age of patients. The mean TBS of all regions in women younger than 50 years was significantly higher than those older than 50 years (P<0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was observed between the means of the best regional TBS in all study groups (P<0.001). This study showed the lumbar spine TBS had a negative correlation with body mass index in women, while this correlation was not significant in men. Conclusion: Trabecular bone score can be conducted as a complementary index along with BMD, it can be employed independently as an appropriate indicator for osteoporosis.
{"title":"A comparison between the total and best regions of trabecular bone scores and evaluating the added value of combining the trabecular bone scores with bone-mineral density","authors":"A. Rajaei, P. Dehghan, S. Hatami","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.26272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.26272","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) are recognized as two indexes for diagnosis of osteoporosis. Objectives: The present study assesses the TBS performance as an alternative test for BMD. Patients and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study conducted on 2,106 patients were referred to two central hospitals; Resalat and Loghman in Tehran, Iran. Necessary data have been collected for the analysis process, including age, gender, body mass index, and L1-L4 TBS. Results: Four-hundred eligible patients were considered for our analysis process. Among these patients, about 13.8 and 86.3% were men and women with mean ages of 54.04 ± 10.92 and 53.83 ± 10.16 years, respectively (P=0.88). Our study showed a statistically significant difference between the mean TBS of all regions in patients (P=0.001), while this value was dependent on the gender and age of patients. The mean TBS of all regions in women younger than 50 years was significantly higher than those older than 50 years (P<0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was observed between the means of the best regional TBS in all study groups (P<0.001). This study showed the lumbar spine TBS had a negative correlation with body mass index in women, while this correlation was not significant in men. Conclusion: Trabecular bone score can be conducted as a complementary index along with BMD, it can be employed independently as an appropriate indicator for osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46069999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tella Sadighpour, Mohamad Kogani, Hamid Hosseinpour, Ramin Talaie, N. Dadashzadeh, R. Valizadeh
{"title":"Etiology, symptoms and epidemiology of new mysterious hepatitis outbreak in children; do’s and don’ts","authors":"Tella Sadighpour, Mohamad Kogani, Hamid Hosseinpour, Ramin Talaie, N. Dadashzadeh, R. Valizadeh","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.33403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.33403","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46045350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-viral and anti-cytokine drugs have been proven to be inadequate in ceasing the progression of the novel coronavirus disease, and severe cases are often associated with death or severe chronic injuries. In this respect, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating effects and has been revealed to be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of this virus. High-dose oral NAC (1200 mg) can improve adaptive immunity by increasing lymphocyte glutathione levels and regulating neutrophil function during the COVID-19 development. Given that the majority of these patients suffer from hypoxemic respiratory failure and require oxygen supplementation in hospitals, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) appears to be an alternative treatment. In fact, HBOT can increase the circulation and delivery of oxygen under high pressures, making the tissue uptake more efficient and improving hypoxia in patients with COVID-19. In addition, low-doses of naltrexone can interact with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), disrupt the binding of ACE2 to the receptor-binding domain, and have anti-inflammatory and suppressive properties of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, due to the ability of the low-dose of this drug in preventing the progression of this disease, it can be recommended as an adjunct drug with an immunomodulatory role in combination with other anti-viral drugs in patients with COVID-19. Finally, there appears to be a significant association between vitamin K and thiamine deficiency with the severity of COVID-19. These vitamins play an important role in the coagulation system and suppress inflammation. Therefore, they can be used as a supplement or treatment to improve the outcomes of COVID-19.
{"title":"The role of N-acetyl cysteine and some other clinical antidotes in the treatment of patients with COVID-19; review of the current evidence","authors":"Shafeajafar Zoofaghari, Mohsen Forghani, Gholamali Dorooshi, Asieh MaghamiMehr","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.31406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.31406","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-viral and anti-cytokine drugs have been proven to be inadequate in ceasing the progression of the novel coronavirus disease, and severe cases are often associated with death or severe chronic injuries. In this respect, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating effects and has been revealed to be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of this virus. High-dose oral NAC (1200 mg) can improve adaptive immunity by increasing lymphocyte glutathione levels and regulating neutrophil function during the COVID-19 development. Given that the majority of these patients suffer from hypoxemic respiratory failure and require oxygen supplementation in hospitals, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) appears to be an alternative treatment. In fact, HBOT can increase the circulation and delivery of oxygen under high pressures, making the tissue uptake more efficient and improving hypoxia in patients with COVID-19. In addition, low-doses of naltrexone can interact with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), disrupt the binding of ACE2 to the receptor-binding domain, and have anti-inflammatory and suppressive properties of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, due to the ability of the low-dose of this drug in preventing the progression of this disease, it can be recommended as an adjunct drug with an immunomodulatory role in combination with other anti-viral drugs in patients with COVID-19. Finally, there appears to be a significant association between vitamin K and thiamine deficiency with the severity of COVID-19. These vitamins play an important role in the coagulation system and suppress inflammation. Therefore, they can be used as a supplement or treatment to improve the outcomes of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43353788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
introduction: A new five-tier Gleason grade grouping (GGG) has recently been proposed and approved by the World Health Organization. In this new classification, GGG 1 (Gleason score≤6), GGG 2 (Gleason score 3+4=7), GGG 3 (Gleason score 4+3=7), GGG 4 (Gleason score 8) and GGG 5(Gleason score 9-10) are the new grade groups based on the Gleason score. Objective: We examined the epidemiologic data of prostate cancer based on the new Gleason system in Isfahan, Iran. International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) proposed the new Gleason grade groups in order to make accurate prognostic classification for prostate cancer. Patients and method: 305 prostate cancer cases diagnosed by biopsy in patients from Noor and Hazrat Ali Asghar hospitals from 2014 to 2016 were included. Pathological examination of the samples was done by pathologists with genitourinary expertise. Results: Among 305 biopsy specimens, 28.6% of cases had a Gleason score less than 6, 23.7% Gleason score 3+4=7, 10.9% Gleason score 4+3=7, only 0.7% Gleason score 4+4=8 and 36.1% Gleason score 9 and 10. conclusion: The new Gleason grade groups provide a simplified, user-friendly and clear classification system for predicting prognosis and disease progression before and after treatment.
{"title":"New Gleason grade groups: Epidemiologic data from Isfahan, Iran based on the new classification","authors":"A. Nourbakhsh, mohamadali yazdani, Amid Yazdani","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.87","url":null,"abstract":"introduction: A new five-tier Gleason grade grouping (GGG) has recently been proposed and approved by the World Health Organization. In this new classification, GGG 1 (Gleason score≤6), GGG 2 (Gleason score 3+4=7), GGG 3 (Gleason score 4+3=7), GGG 4 (Gleason score 8) and GGG 5(Gleason score 9-10) are the new grade groups based on the Gleason score. Objective: We examined the epidemiologic data of prostate cancer based on the new Gleason system in Isfahan, Iran. International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) proposed the new Gleason grade groups in order to make accurate prognostic classification for prostate cancer. Patients and method: 305 prostate cancer cases diagnosed by biopsy in patients from Noor and Hazrat Ali Asghar hospitals from 2014 to 2016 were included. Pathological examination of the samples was done by pathologists with genitourinary expertise. Results: Among 305 biopsy specimens, 28.6% of cases had a Gleason score less than 6, 23.7% Gleason score 3+4=7, 10.9% Gleason score 4+3=7, only 0.7% Gleason score 4+4=8 and 36.1% Gleason score 9 and 10. conclusion: The new Gleason grade groups provide a simplified, user-friendly and clear classification system for predicting prognosis and disease progression before and after treatment.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44941887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ahmadzadeh, S. Basiri, M. Emam, A. Rajaei, F. Farsad
Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that is treated with classic Disease-Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), which impair the immune system. It seems that self-quarantine is a good method for CVOID-19 prevention in patients with RA. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assessment the prevalence of self-quarantine for preventing COVID 19 involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who used Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs Methods and Materials: in this descriptive study that was performed in Loghman-Hakim Hospital (Tehran, Iran), patients with RA who took classic DMARDs and were referred to the hospital were assessed based on age, sex, medications, smoking, history of Covid-19 in a relatives, Covid-19 involvement in the patient, Covid-19 symptoms, and observing self-quarantine. Result: the mean age was 53.84 years old and 27.7% were male of one thousand patients with RA who took classic DMARDs. Covid-19 prevalence among these patients was 10.4%. The prevalence of COVID-19 was 21% among patients who didn’t observe self-quarantine and 9.2% among patients who observed self-quarantine. Self-quarantine lowered the risk of Covid-19 by around 60%. Conclusion: self-quarantine is a good method to reduce the prevalence of COVID-19 among RA patients who used classic DMARDs.
{"title":"The prevalence of self-quarantine for preventing COVID 19 involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who used Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs","authors":"A. Ahmadzadeh, S. Basiri, M. Emam, A. Rajaei, F. Farsad","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.31405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.31405","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that is treated with classic Disease-Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), which impair the immune system. It seems that self-quarantine is a good method for CVOID-19 prevention in patients with RA. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assessment the prevalence of self-quarantine for preventing COVID 19 involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who used Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs Methods and Materials: in this descriptive study that was performed in Loghman-Hakim Hospital (Tehran, Iran), patients with RA who took classic DMARDs and were referred to the hospital were assessed based on age, sex, medications, smoking, history of Covid-19 in a relatives, Covid-19 involvement in the patient, Covid-19 symptoms, and observing self-quarantine. Result: the mean age was 53.84 years old and 27.7% were male of one thousand patients with RA who took classic DMARDs. Covid-19 prevalence among these patients was 10.4%. The prevalence of COVID-19 was 21% among patients who didn’t observe self-quarantine and 9.2% among patients who observed self-quarantine. Self-quarantine lowered the risk of Covid-19 by around 60%. Conclusion: self-quarantine is a good method to reduce the prevalence of COVID-19 among RA patients who used classic DMARDs.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45759145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pourahmad, K. Shahzamani, Fatemeh Nikokar, M. Saniei, Matin Saniei, R. Soltani
Background and objectives: Up to present no efficacious antiviral medications have been discovered in order to eradicate SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal tract. In this article, the aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of a new herbal drug product called Aftogel patch, which contains licorice extract, in the eradication of this novel coronavirus in the nasopharyngeal secretions of the patients. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 125 patients with positive real-time PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and in stage 0 and/or 1 of COVID-19 were studied in two separate groups, namely interventional and placebo, in which they used Aftogel and placebo patches, respectively. At the end of the study, the results of PCR test in aforementioned groups were assessed and compared. Results: Following the application of Aftogel, Real-time PCR was converted to negative in 53.97% of patients which was significantly higher than that of the placebo groups. (27.40%, P= 0.003). Conclusion: It seems that Aftogel mucoadhesive patch (Licorice extract) is effective in the eradication of SARS-CoV-2 which has colonized the nasopharyngeal area. Hence, this drug product has the potential for evaluation as a prophylactic agent against COVID-19.
背景与目的:到目前为止，还没有发现有效的抗病毒药物来根除鼻咽道中的SARS-CoV-2。本文旨在评价含有甘草提取物的新型中药制剂阿夫托尔贴剂对患者鼻咽分泌物中新型冠状病毒的根除效果。方法:在本三盲随机临床试验中，125例实时PCR阳性的SARS-CoV-2和COVID-19 0期和/或1期患者分为介入组和安慰剂组，分别使用阿夫托尔和安慰剂贴片。在研究结束时，对上述各组的PCR检测结果进行评估和比较。结果:应用aftol后，53.97%的患者Real-time PCR转化为阴性，显著高于安慰剂组。(27.40%， p = 0.003)。结论:阿夫托尔黏附贴剂(甘草提取物)可有效根除已在鼻咽区定植的SARS-CoV-2。因此，该药物具有作为COVID-19预防剂进行评估的潜力。
{"title":"The effects of licorice mucoadhesive patches (Aftogel®) on the results of nasopharyngeal swab real-time PCR test of SARS-CoV-2: a randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","authors":"M. Pourahmad, K. Shahzamani, Fatemeh Nikokar, M. Saniei, Matin Saniei, R. Soltani","doi":"10.34172/ipp.2022.31400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.31400","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Up to present no efficacious antiviral medications have been discovered in order to eradicate SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal tract. In this article, the aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of a new herbal drug product called Aftogel patch, which contains licorice extract, in the eradication of this novel coronavirus in the nasopharyngeal secretions of the patients. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 125 patients with positive real-time PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and in stage 0 and/or 1 of COVID-19 were studied in two separate groups, namely interventional and placebo, in which they used Aftogel and placebo patches, respectively. At the end of the study, the results of PCR test in aforementioned groups were assessed and compared. Results: Following the application of Aftogel, Real-time PCR was converted to negative in 53.97% of patients which was significantly higher than that of the placebo groups. (27.40%, P= 0.003). Conclusion: It seems that Aftogel mucoadhesive patch (Licorice extract) is effective in the eradication of SARS-CoV-2 which has colonized the nasopharyngeal area. Hence, this drug product has the potential for evaluation as a prophylactic agent against COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":13454,"journal":{"name":"Immunopathologia Persa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45113777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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