A study of clinical, etiological demographic profile of patients with concomitant esotropia between ages 0-10 years in a tertiary care hospital to assess various clinical patterns and refractive errors.It is a prospective observation study of patients with concomitant esotropia conducted at Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital, Hyderabad from September 2016 to March 2018. The study included 100 patients who attended the squint department, with chief complaints of inward deviation of eyes. A total of 100 patients were examined, 37 (37%) were of the 0-5 age group, and 63 (63%) were of the 6-10 age group. 41(41%) were male 59 (59%) were of female. 50 (50%) were from urban areas and 50 (50%) rural areas.The majority of the cases were of infantile esotropia 39 (39%) followed by Basic esotropia 34 (34%) sensory esotropia 12 (12%), accommodative esotropia 6 (6%), partially accommodative esotropia 5 (5%) and esotropia in myopia 4 (4%).Amblyopia was seen in 69 (69%) of cases which majority improved with amblyopia therapy. The most common refractive error was hypermetropia 76 (76%) and Myopia was seen in 24 (24%) of cases. AHP in 5.12% of cases, DVD in 15.38%, of cases, IOOA in (64.10%), DVD and IOOA in 10.25% of cases, manifest nystagmus in 10.25% of cases, manifest latent nystagmus in 5.12% of cases were seen.This study provides data on the most prevalent forms and associations of concomitant esotropia. Knowledge of various clinical types and timely intervention will help in the development of binocular single vision.
{"title":"A study of clinical, etiological demographic profile of patients with concomitant esotropia between ages 0-10 years","authors":"Arikeri Krishna Kishore, Paspula Ramdas, Bonu Chandrasekhar, Gopikrishna Nelapatla, Raman Yenugandula","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.112","url":null,"abstract":"A study of clinical, etiological demographic profile of patients with concomitant esotropia between ages 0-10 years in a tertiary care hospital to assess various clinical patterns and refractive errors.It is a prospective observation study of patients with concomitant esotropia conducted at Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital, Hyderabad from September 2016 to March 2018. The study included 100 patients who attended the squint department, with chief complaints of inward deviation of eyes. A total of 100 patients were examined, 37 (37%) were of the 0-5 age group, and 63 (63%) were of the 6-10 age group. 41(41%) were male 59 (59%) were of female. 50 (50%) were from urban areas and 50 (50%) rural areas.The majority of the cases were of infantile esotropia 39 (39%) followed by Basic esotropia 34 (34%) sensory esotropia 12 (12%), accommodative esotropia 6 (6%), partially accommodative esotropia 5 (5%) and esotropia in myopia 4 (4%).Amblyopia was seen in 69 (69%) of cases which majority improved with amblyopia therapy. The most common refractive error was hypermetropia 76 (76%) and Myopia was seen in 24 (24%) of cases. AHP in 5.12% of cases, DVD in 15.38%, of cases, IOOA in (64.10%), DVD and IOOA in 10.25% of cases, manifest nystagmus in 10.25% of cases, manifest latent nystagmus in 5.12% of cases were seen.This study provides data on the most prevalent forms and associations of concomitant esotropia. Knowledge of various clinical types and timely intervention will help in the development of binocular single vision.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When faced with outbreaks of infectious respiratory diseases in the past, the use of face masks has often been mandated. The world collectively experienced the devastating COVID-19 pandemic, which originated in Wuhan, China, in October 2019 and rapidly spread across the globe. Wearing face masks became the primary defense against infection. However, during this period, many individuals reported experiencing symptoms of dry eye. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between mask usage and dryness among healthcare workers.A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, which included a modified version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Electronic consent was obtained to gather information about the occurrence of dryness while wearing masks.Among the 284 participants, females exhibited a higher OSDI score (12.5) compared to males. Notably, individuals with pre-existing dry eye conditions had a significantly higher OSDI score (23.96) when wearing face masks. Across different age groups, no significant variations were observed. In terms of the duration of face mask use, those who wore masks for less than 4 hours and more than 6 hours had an OSDI score of 12.5, whereas individuals wearing masks for 4 to 6 hours had a score of 8.3.Wearing face masks may pose a risk for dryness, particularly among females, and can exacerbate dryness symptoms in individuals with pre-existing dry eye conditions.
{"title":"Assessment of mask associated dry eye among doctors and medical students at a tertiary care centre","authors":"Fauzia Ara, Shweta Sulabh, Preethi G, Sripriya P, Gira Sulabh, Aarti Agarwal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.103","url":null,"abstract":"When faced with outbreaks of infectious respiratory diseases in the past, the use of face masks has often been mandated. The world collectively experienced the devastating COVID-19 pandemic, which originated in Wuhan, China, in October 2019 and rapidly spread across the globe. Wearing face masks became the primary defense against infection. However, during this period, many individuals reported experiencing symptoms of dry eye. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between mask usage and dryness among healthcare workers.A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, which included a modified version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Electronic consent was obtained to gather information about the occurrence of dryness while wearing masks.Among the 284 participants, females exhibited a higher OSDI score (12.5) compared to males. Notably, individuals with pre-existing dry eye conditions had a significantly higher OSDI score (23.96) when wearing face masks. Across different age groups, no significant variations were observed. In terms of the duration of face mask use, those who wore masks for less than 4 hours and more than 6 hours had an OSDI score of 12.5, whereas individuals wearing masks for 4 to 6 hours had a score of 8.3.Wearing face masks may pose a risk for dryness, particularly among females, and can exacerbate dryness symptoms in individuals with pre-existing dry eye conditions.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139178338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ophthalmic non-motor dysfunctions are most common among individuals with Parkinson’s disease, manifesting both prior to motor symptoms and throughout the progression of the neurodegenerative condition. Detecting these impairments early on holds significant potential for disease identification, particularly in its nascent stages. Given the comprehensive nature of ocular involvement, encompassing both extraocular and intraocular elements of the visual system, a comprehensive evaluation stands to benefit patients. Considering the shared embryonic origin of the retina and central nervous system, exploring retinal changes in Parkinson's disease could yield insights applicable to the broader brain context. Consequently, identifying these manifestations could enhance medical assessments of Parkinson's disease and offer predictive value regarding its progression.The impact of these ophthalmological issues extends to the quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients, accentuating the importance of addressing them. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the primary visual impairments linked to Parkinson's disease, reflecting a substantial portion of the visual challenges encountered by affected individuals and for the overall well-being of those living with the condition.
{"title":"Through the eyes of Parkinson's: A narrative review of clinical spectrum and ophthalmological challenges in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Rohit Doke, Sonali Sonawane, Vivek Thorat, Sarika Bhabad, Ganesh Lamkhade, Sagar Jadhav, Ritesh Jain, Ajay Bhagwat","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.094","url":null,"abstract":"The ophthalmic non-motor dysfunctions are most common among individuals with Parkinson’s disease, manifesting both prior to motor symptoms and throughout the progression of the neurodegenerative condition. Detecting these impairments early on holds significant potential for disease identification, particularly in its nascent stages. Given the comprehensive nature of ocular involvement, encompassing both extraocular and intraocular elements of the visual system, a comprehensive evaluation stands to benefit patients. Considering the shared embryonic origin of the retina and central nervous system, exploring retinal changes in Parkinson's disease could yield insights applicable to the broader brain context. Consequently, identifying these manifestations could enhance medical assessments of Parkinson's disease and offer predictive value regarding its progression.The impact of these ophthalmological issues extends to the quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients, accentuating the importance of addressing them. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the primary visual impairments linked to Parkinson's disease, reflecting a substantial portion of the visual challenges encountered by affected individuals and for the overall well-being of those living with the condition.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A atresia of nasolacrimal duct which is congenital in nature causing lacrimation and mucous secretion from the eyes. Nasolacrimal duct atresia is the most common disorder of newborns showing symptoms of this condition around 6 to 20 percent. Generally symptoms shows after birth within few weeks with excessive tears and discharge from eye which may be present in single or both eye. Both upper and lower eyelids redness may result due to irritation by tears and eye discharge. Due to this condition it presents like a chronic unilateral or bilateral conjunctivitis.Observation and conservative treatment is the best treatment in infants and nasolacrimal probing is the best treatment option for children above one year of age. But the timing for probing is still under debatable. Other surgical invasive methods like intubation of silicon tube, dilation by balloon catheter and (DCR) dacryocystorhinostomy. So aim of this review study is provide an update on congenital NLD Atresia treatment.
{"title":"Treatment management of congenital nasolacrimal duct atresia: A review article","authors":"Anurag Medatwal, Puneet Singhvi, Ritu Medatwal, Manoj Garg","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.093","url":null,"abstract":"A atresia of nasolacrimal duct which is congenital in nature causing lacrimation and mucous secretion from the eyes. Nasolacrimal duct atresia is the most common disorder of newborns showing symptoms of this condition around 6 to 20 percent. Generally symptoms shows after birth within few weeks with excessive tears and discharge from eye which may be present in single or both eye. Both upper and lower eyelids redness may result due to irritation by tears and eye discharge. Due to this condition it presents like a chronic unilateral or bilateral conjunctivitis.Observation and conservative treatment is the best treatment in infants and nasolacrimal probing is the best treatment option for children above one year of age. But the timing for probing is still under debatable. Other surgical invasive methods like intubation of silicon tube, dilation by balloon catheter and (DCR) dacryocystorhinostomy. So aim of this review study is provide an update on congenital NLD Atresia treatment.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.124
Obaidur Rehman, K. Bhattacharjee
{"title":"Erratum: Application of cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) in orbital surgeries","authors":"Obaidur Rehman, K. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139178879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.120
Sakshi Jain, Ayushi Gupta, Rakesh Porwal
Thyroid-associated orbitopathy is an autoimmune disorder that is the most frequent extrathyroidal involvement of Graves’ disease but sometimes occurs in euthyroid or hypothyroid patients. Patients with Thyroid associated disease present with chemosis, superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, proptosis, lid retraction and oedema, restricted extraocular muscle, and dysthyroid optic neuropathy. This study was an observational cross-sectional study which included all the patients with all age groups who attended the Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Ajmer, with signs and symptoms of thyroid-associated orbitopathy or diagnosed with thyroid-associated orbitopathy with no history of multiple endocrine disorder. 95 subjects satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study.The mean age of study participants was 43.93± 12.25 years. Age ranges from 21 years to 80 years. 59 (62.1%) were female. Among all patients 69 (72.6%) were hyperthyroid, 19 (20.0%) were euthyroid and 7 (7.4%) were euthyroid. 5 (5.2%) presented with dysthyroid optic neuropathy. 40(42.10%) cases were of active thyroid eye disease (TED) and the remaining 55 (57.8%) were inactive cases. Out of all active presenters, 30% were having Clinical Active Scoring (CAS) ≥4.Middleage group and female sex were the common clinical profile of the patients of TED. When active and Inactive TED groups were compared, findings such as Average CAS, dysthyroid optic neuropathy, average Hertel’s value, and presenting signs were significantly higher in the active group.
{"title":"A study on the clinical profile of patients with thyroid-related orbitopathy presenting to a tertiary eye care institute","authors":"Sakshi Jain, Ayushi Gupta, Rakesh Porwal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.120","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid-associated orbitopathy is an autoimmune disorder that is the most frequent extrathyroidal involvement of Graves’ disease but sometimes occurs in euthyroid or hypothyroid patients. Patients with Thyroid associated disease present with chemosis, superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, proptosis, lid retraction and oedema, restricted extraocular muscle, and dysthyroid optic neuropathy. This study was an observational cross-sectional study which included all the patients with all age groups who attended the Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Ajmer, with signs and symptoms of thyroid-associated orbitopathy or diagnosed with thyroid-associated orbitopathy with no history of multiple endocrine disorder. 95 subjects satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study.The mean age of study participants was 43.93± 12.25 years. Age ranges from 21 years to 80 years. 59 (62.1%) were female. Among all patients 69 (72.6%) were hyperthyroid, 19 (20.0%) were euthyroid and 7 (7.4%) were euthyroid. 5 (5.2%) presented with dysthyroid optic neuropathy. 40(42.10%) cases were of active thyroid eye disease (TED) and the remaining 55 (57.8%) were inactive cases. Out of all active presenters, 30% were having Clinical Active Scoring (CAS) ≥4.Middleage group and female sex were the common clinical profile of the patients of TED. When active and Inactive TED groups were compared, findings such as Average CAS, dysthyroid optic neuropathy, average Hertel’s value, and presenting signs were significantly higher in the active group.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.113
Dhruvil V Nayak, Prapti Rathod, Nilesh V Nayak, Priyanka Sorathiya
Patients with diabetes mellitus are found to exhibit decreasing thickness in the macula with progression of disease severity and consistent elevation in the HbA1C levels. The study compares the thinning of macula in diabetic patients without retinopathy and non-diabetic patients using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).This observational cross-sectional design was conducted on 200 eyes of 100 patients, who reported to the tertiary care centre OPD in Bhavnagar. The study group included 50 diabetic individuals without retinopathy and 50 were non diabetic patients as controls. The macular thickness between groups was assessed using OCT. The correlation of CMT values with HbA1C levels were also evaluated in patients with diabetes.The macula thickness in patients with diabetes was found to be thinner when compared to non-diabetic patients (P<0.05), and the thickness of macula increased with a consistent increase in the HbA1C levels in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (P<0.05). OCT remains a promising diagnostic imaging tool in evaluating accurately the thickness of macula in patients with diabetes. According to the study's findings, diabetic individuals without retinopathy at a tertiary care facility in Bhavnagar had thinner macula.
{"title":"Comparison of proportional macular thinning in normal and diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy in tertiary hospital, Bhavnagar – An observational comparative study","authors":"Dhruvil V Nayak, Prapti Rathod, Nilesh V Nayak, Priyanka Sorathiya","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.113","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with diabetes mellitus are found to exhibit decreasing thickness in the macula with progression of disease severity and consistent elevation in the HbA1C levels. The study compares the thinning of macula in diabetic patients without retinopathy and non-diabetic patients using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).This observational cross-sectional design was conducted on 200 eyes of 100 patients, who reported to the tertiary care centre OPD in Bhavnagar. The study group included 50 diabetic individuals without retinopathy and 50 were non diabetic patients as controls. The macular thickness between groups was assessed using OCT. The correlation of CMT values with HbA1C levels were also evaluated in patients with diabetes.The macula thickness in patients with diabetes was found to be thinner when compared to non-diabetic patients (P<0.05), and the thickness of macula increased with a consistent increase in the HbA1C levels in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (P<0.05). OCT remains a promising diagnostic imaging tool in evaluating accurately the thickness of macula in patients with diabetes. According to the study's findings, diabetic individuals without retinopathy at a tertiary care facility in Bhavnagar had thinner macula.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To determine the association between optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) based biomarkers and visual acuity (VA) in diabetic macular edema (DME). This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospitalbetweenJanuary 2021 and July 2022.The study included 54 eyes (30 patients) with DME. Based on the early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) grading system, these were classified as mild (n=1), moderate (n=31), severe (n=14), and very severe (n=8) non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). The demographics, VA recorded using ETDRS chart and ETDRS scoring system, slit lamp biomicroscopy findings, colour fundus pictures and biomarkers determined using macular scans on SD-OCT were noted. Six eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n-4) and considerable media opacity (n-2) were excluded. The data was entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheet 2021and IBM's SPSS 26 statistical program was used to calculate the results.VA and biomarkers, which included central macular thickness, disorganisation of retinal inner layers (DRIL), ellipsoid zone disruption (EZD), choroidal thickness were measured on SD-OCT.: The mean age was 59.4±9.4 years, and male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Mean uncorrected and best corrected VA were 46 and 61 letters, 55.12±1.76 and 67.25±10.05 letters for moderate NPDR, 43.07±3.95 and 52.14±17.83 letters for severe NPDR, and 26.50±16.53 and 36±16.38 letters for very severe NPDR, respectively. VA deteriorated with increasing disease severity. Poorer VA was associated with increased average foveal and macular thickness and increased mean horizontal disruption of the inner retinal layers (DRIL). Average choroidal thickness positively correlated with increasing DR severity. : Poorer VA was associated with increasing DR severity, increased central retinal thickness, increased mean horizontal DRIL and increased average foveal choroidal thickness. We found no statistically significant correlation between VA and ellipsoid zone disruption.
{"title":"Study of OCT based biomarkers as a predictor of visual outcome in diabetic macular edema","authors":"Rajwinder Kaur, Tanvir Sidhu, Priyanka Gupta, Priyanka Dahiya, Anupriya Aggarwal, Ritesh Singla","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.117","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the association between optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) based biomarkers and visual acuity (VA) in diabetic macular edema (DME). This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospitalbetweenJanuary 2021 and July 2022.The study included 54 eyes (30 patients) with DME. Based on the early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) grading system, these were classified as mild (n=1), moderate (n=31), severe (n=14), and very severe (n=8) non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). The demographics, VA recorded using ETDRS chart and ETDRS scoring system, slit lamp biomicroscopy findings, colour fundus pictures and biomarkers determined using macular scans on SD-OCT were noted. Six eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n-4) and considerable media opacity (n-2) were excluded. The data was entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheet 2021and IBM's SPSS 26 statistical program was used to calculate the results.VA and biomarkers, which included central macular thickness, disorganisation of retinal inner layers (DRIL), ellipsoid zone disruption (EZD), choroidal thickness were measured on SD-OCT.: The mean age was 59.4±9.4 years, and male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Mean uncorrected and best corrected VA were 46 and 61 letters, 55.12±1.76 and 67.25±10.05 letters for moderate NPDR, 43.07±3.95 and 52.14±17.83 letters for severe NPDR, and 26.50±16.53 and 36±16.38 letters for very severe NPDR, respectively. VA deteriorated with increasing disease severity. Poorer VA was associated with increased average foveal and macular thickness and increased mean horizontal disruption of the inner retinal layers (DRIL). Average choroidal thickness positively correlated with increasing DR severity. : Poorer VA was associated with increasing DR severity, increased central retinal thickness, increased mean horizontal DRIL and increased average foveal choroidal thickness. We found no statistically significant correlation between VA and ellipsoid zone disruption.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139178412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.111
V. Kulkarni, Nishat Sultana, A. Abid
Conditions in which cataractous lens and abnormalities of lens leads to elevated intra ocular pressure have been termed as Lens induced glaucoma (LIG). Objective of our study was to know the clinical profile of patients, describe management and visual outcome in lens induced glaucoma. Hospital based prospective study conducted on 40 patients of LIG from November 2016 to October 2018 attending the outpatient department of Ophthalmology at Minto Ophthalmic Hospital, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute. After taking informed consent, detail history, detailed examination, IOP by Applanation tonometry, Gonioscopy, examination of posterior segment, patients diagnosed as lens induced glaucoma admitted and managed with medical and surgical treatment. Post operative day 1 visual acuity and IOP recorded and followed up on day 8 and 6 weeks for above. Data analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi square test. In our study mean age of presentation in phacomorphic glaucoma is 67.25 ± 6.58 years and phacolytic glaucoma mean age was 64.10years ± 9.78. Female to male ratio being 1.8 : 1. Phacomorphic glaucoma was found in 57% and phacolytic glaucoma in 43%. Mean IOP at presentation was 42.6mmHg ±5.36. Most of them underwent SICS + PCIOL (52.5%). Study showed that most of them had better visual acuity at the end of 6 weeks. Final IOP was 15.8 mmHg± 1.78.Our study demonstrated that lens induced glaucoma is still a challenging complication of cataract which can be prevented by early treatment of cataract. SICS is still gold standard that effectively controls IOP and gives better visual outcome.
{"title":"Lens induced glaucoma – Clinical profile and prognosis in tertiary care centre","authors":"V. Kulkarni, Nishat Sultana, A. Abid","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.111","url":null,"abstract":"Conditions in which cataractous lens and abnormalities of lens leads to elevated intra ocular pressure have been termed as Lens induced glaucoma (LIG). Objective of our study was to know the clinical profile of patients, describe management and visual outcome in lens induced glaucoma. Hospital based prospective study conducted on 40 patients of LIG from November 2016 to October 2018 attending the outpatient department of Ophthalmology at Minto Ophthalmic Hospital, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute. After taking informed consent, detail history, detailed examination, IOP by Applanation tonometry, Gonioscopy, examination of posterior segment, patients diagnosed as lens induced glaucoma admitted and managed with medical and surgical treatment. Post operative day 1 visual acuity and IOP recorded and followed up on day 8 and 6 weeks for above. Data analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi square test. In our study mean age of presentation in phacomorphic glaucoma is 67.25 ± 6.58 years and phacolytic glaucoma mean age was 64.10years ± 9.78. Female to male ratio being 1.8 : 1. Phacomorphic glaucoma was found in 57% and phacolytic glaucoma in 43%. Mean IOP at presentation was 42.6mmHg ±5.36. Most of them underwent SICS + PCIOL (52.5%). Study showed that most of them had better visual acuity at the end of 6 weeks. Final IOP was 15.8 mmHg± 1.78.Our study demonstrated that lens induced glaucoma is still a challenging complication of cataract which can be prevented by early treatment of cataract. SICS is still gold standard that effectively controls IOP and gives better visual outcome.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.119
Chethana Warad, Ruben Roy Simon, Radhika Wani, Ruchi Singh, Shivakrishna Pavuluri, V. A. Kothiwale
Persistently raised blood pressure not only leads to retinal vascular damage but also leads to systemic diseases. The retinal vasculature observation by fundoscopy offers a great opportunity to explore the association of systemic microvascular disease caused by hypertension. Hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is considered to be a marker for vascular disease and death. The aim of the present study was to find out the prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy among hypertensive subjects and assess the pattern of retinopathy and associated risk factors. This was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted among hypertensive patients at a teaching hospital, for a period of 3 months.A total of 300 hypertensive patients formed the study population. The prevalence of the hypertensive retinopathy in the present study was 49.33%. Hypertensive retinopathy was more prevalent in men 62% than women 38%. The prevalence of grade 1 and grade 2 hypertensive retinopathies was 43.24% and 33.11% respectively and 20.95% and 2.7% had grade 3 and 4 respectively. The prevalence of retinopathy was found to be statistically higher in patients who had h/o hypertension for more than 5 years. The prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy was more common in age group >60yrs. The prevalence of target organ damage was higher in those having retinopathy.The prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy is high in the present study which reflects lack of awareness, patient compliance, sub optimal measures to control blood pressure and even lack of prompt follow up with ophthalmologists. There is need to spread awareness and take adequate measures to reduce the burden of hypertensive retinopathy.
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