Kodali Venkata Suresh Kumar, N. Madhavi, D. Manikyamba, V. V. Lakshmi
Background: Anemia is a global public health problem associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It is the most common hematological disease of pediatric population. Anemia in school going children is multi factorial and if not identied and treated in time can affect irreversibly their psycho motor development and scholastic performance. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, severity and risk factors for anemia among school children of 6 to 10 years of age. A school based cross- Methods: sectional study was conducted. A total of 400 school-age children of 6 to 10 years were included in this study. Socio-demographic, anthropometric data and dietary habits were noted down. Hemoglobin value was estimated from venous sample of these children. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. The overall prevalence of anemia among school-age children was ...... Underweight, st Results: unting, low BMI, vegetarian diet, intake diet with low iron rich foods like jaggery, ground nuts, GLV were identied as risk factors for anemia Prevalence of anemia is Conclusion: a signicant health problem among school-age children. School health strategies and interventions targeting nutritional deciencies and parasitic infections and counseling to modify the food habits are very important to address this hematological problem in school children.
{"title":"A STUDY ON CLINICODEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN CHILDREN OF AGE 6 – 1O YEARS ATTENDING GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN URBAN SLUMS OF KAKINADA","authors":"Kodali Venkata Suresh Kumar, N. Madhavi, D. Manikyamba, V. V. Lakshmi","doi":"10.36106/ijar/2303564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/2303564","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anemia is a global public health problem associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It is the most\u0000common hematological disease of pediatric population. Anemia in school going children is multi factorial and if not\u0000identied and treated in time can affect irreversibly their psycho motor development and scholastic performance. The aim of this study was to\u0000determine the prevalence, severity and risk factors for anemia among school children of 6 to 10 years of age. A school based cross- Methods:\u0000sectional study was conducted. A total of 400 school-age children of 6 to 10 years were included in this study. Socio-demographic, anthropometric\u0000data and dietary habits were noted down. Hemoglobin value was estimated from venous sample of these children. Data was analyzed using SPSS\u0000version 20.0. The overall prevalence of anemia among school-age children was ...... Underweight, st Results: unting, low BMI, vegetarian diet,\u0000intake diet with low iron rich foods like jaggery, ground nuts, GLV were identied as risk factors for anemia Prevalence of anemia is Conclusion:\u0000a signicant health problem among school-age children. School health strategies and interventions targeting nutritional deciencies and parasitic\u0000infections and counseling to modify the food habits are very important to address this hematological problem in school children.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The most commonly accepted and used route of anaesthesia administration for cataract surgeries is the peribulbar route with a mixture of 2% lignocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine. It is a simple technique which produces the desired anaesthetic, analgesic and akinetic effect on the eye. But both these anaesthetic agents are reported to produce cardiovascular and central nervous system side-effects. Safer agents like ropivacaine are being introduced into the clinical practice. Most of the patients undergoing cataract surgeries have associated comorbidities such as a hypertension, diabetes mellitus and asthma. Also, today's population is largely addicted to alcohol and smoking. Such patients are graded based on the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grades prior to surgeries to assess their perioperative risks. This study focuses on comparing the characteristics of peribulbar blocks with 0.75% ropivacaine with the popularly used bupivacaine and lignocaine mixture and to assess their cardiotoxicity in ASA 2 patients. Methods: Eighty patients of ASA 2 category with comparable demographic characteristics were allocated to two random groups of 40 each. Patients of groups A (lignocaine and bupivacaine) and B (ropivacaine) were given 8 ml mixture of 2% lignocaine (4 ml) + 0.5% bupivacaine (4ml) and 8 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine each and 100 IU of hyaluronidase respectively. Block characteristics like onset and duration of action and hemodynamic variables like systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded, studied and analysed. Results: Duration of onset of the block in both the groups was comparable but the total duration of the block and analgesia was found to be longer in group A than in group B. It was observed that there were uctuations in the recorded values of blood pressure and pulse rate intraoperatively and postoperatively in Group A whereas these parameters were stable in Group B. Conclusion: Ropivacaine 0.75% in a volume of 8 ml with 100 IU of hyaluronidase is as effective as a 4:4 mixture of bupivacaine 0.5% and lignocaine 2% in a volume of 8 ml with 100 IU of hyaluronidase with regards to onset of action. The total duration of the block and hemodynamic changes are less uctuating with the usage of ropivacaine indicating that ropivacaine is a safer drug for induction of peribulbar anaesthesia in ASA 2 grade cataract patients.
背景：在白内障手术中，最普遍接受和使用的麻醉给药途径是使用 2% 木果碱和 0.5% 布比卡因混合物的周围麻醉途径。这是一种简单的技术，可对眼睛产生所需的麻醉、镇痛和刺激作用。但据报道，这两种麻醉剂都会对心血管和中枢神经系统产生副作用。罗哌卡因等更安全的麻醉剂正被引入临床实践。大多数接受白内障手术的患者都伴有高血压、糖尿病和哮喘等并发症。此外，如今的人群大多酗酒和吸烟。这类患者在手术前要根据美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）的等级进行分级，以评估他们的围手术期风险。本研究的重点是比较使用 0.75% 罗哌卡因与常用的布比卡因和木质素卡因混合物进行布巴周围阻滞的特点，并评估它们对 ASA 2 级患者的心脏毒性。方法：将具有相似人口统计学特征的 80 名 ASA 2 级患者随机分为两组，每组 40 人。给 A 组（木质素和布比卡因）和 B 组（罗哌卡因）患者分别注射 8 毫升 2% 木质素（4 毫升）+ 0.5% 布比卡因（4 毫升）和 8 毫升 0.75% 罗哌卡因混合物以及 100 IU 透明质酸酶。记录、研究和分析了阻滞特征（如起始时间和作用持续时间）和血液动力学变量（如收缩压、舒张压和脉搏）。结果：两组的阻滞起始时间相当，但 A 组的阻滞和镇痛总持续时间长于 B 组。据观察，A 组术中和术后的血压和脉搏记录值有 波动，而 B 组的这些参数保持稳定：就起效时间而言，将 0.75% 罗哌卡因与 100 IU 透明质酸酶按 4:4 的比例混合，将 0.5% 布比卡因和 2% 木质素卡因按 8 ml 的体积混合，再加入 100 IU 透明质酸酶，其效果与 0.75% 布比卡因和 2% 木质素卡因按 4:4 的比例混合，再加入 100 IU 透明质酸酶的效果相同。使用罗哌卡因后，阻滞的总持续时间和血流动力学变化的波动较小 ，这表明罗哌卡因是对 ASA 2 级白内障患者进行眼周麻醉的一种更安全的药物。
{"title":"A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF 2% LIGNOCAINE AND 0.5% BUPIVACAINE WITH 0.75% ROPIVACAINE AS PERIBULBAR BLOCK FOR CATARACT SURGERIES IN ASA 2 PATIENTS","authors":"Sonal Gowaikar, Anusha Kumbhar, Sangita Patil","doi":"10.36106/ijar/9701058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/9701058","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most commonly accepted and used route of anaesthesia administration for cataract surgeries is the\u0000peribulbar route with a mixture of 2% lignocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine. It is a simple technique which produces the\u0000desired anaesthetic, analgesic and akinetic effect on the eye. But both these anaesthetic agents are reported to produce cardiovascular and central\u0000nervous system side-effects. Safer agents like ropivacaine are being introduced into the clinical practice. Most of the patients undergoing\u0000cataract surgeries have associated comorbidities such as a hypertension, diabetes mellitus and asthma. Also, today's population is largely\u0000addicted to alcohol and smoking. Such patients are graded based on the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grades prior to surgeries\u0000to assess their perioperative risks. This study focuses on comparing the characteristics of peribulbar blocks with 0.75% ropivacaine with the\u0000popularly used bupivacaine and lignocaine mixture and to assess their cardiotoxicity in ASA 2 patients. Methods: Eighty patients of ASA 2\u0000category with comparable demographic characteristics were allocated to two random groups of 40 each. Patients of groups A (lignocaine and\u0000bupivacaine) and B (ropivacaine) were given 8 ml mixture of 2% lignocaine (4 ml) + 0.5% bupivacaine (4ml) and 8 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine\u0000each and 100 IU of hyaluronidase respectively. Block characteristics like onset and duration of action and hemodynamic variables like systolic\u0000blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded, studied and analysed. Results: Duration of onset of the block in both the\u0000groups was comparable but the total duration of the block and analgesia was found to be longer in group A than in group B. It was observed that\u0000there were uctuations in the recorded values of blood pressure and pulse rate intraoperatively and postoperatively in Group A whereas these\u0000parameters were stable in Group B. Conclusion: Ropivacaine 0.75% in a volume of 8 ml with 100 IU of hyaluronidase is as effective as a 4:4\u0000mixture of bupivacaine 0.5% and lignocaine 2% in a volume of 8 ml with 100 IU of hyaluronidase with regards to onset of action. The total\u0000duration of the block and hemodynamic changes are less uctuating with the usage of ropivacaine indicating that ropivacaine is a safer drug for\u0000induction of peribulbar anaesthesia in ASA 2 grade cataract patients.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Fistula-in-ano is an anorectal condition prevalent in the population worldwide. It is an inammatory track lined by granulation tissue which connects perianal skin supercially to anal canal; anorectum or rectum deeply. It is characterised by chronic purulent discharge or cyclical pain associated with abscess formation followed by intermittent spontaneous decompression. In some cases of men with anal stulas, the stula can extend into the scrotum, in which case the scrotum is usually painful and presents with redness, swelling and pus discharge from the external opening that is the secondary scrotal orice of the stula and can sometimes be misdiagnosed as scrotal abscess. Fistula with extension into scrotum is one of the rare complications of stula. Nearly about 82% ano-scrotal stulas had anterior opening and they are mostly intersphincteric or transsphincteric stulas.
{"title":"A CASE OF LONG ANO-SCROTAL FISTULA PRESENTING AS A PRIMARY SCROTAL DISCHARGE AND ITS MANAGEMENT BY FISTULECTOMY AND PRIMARY CLOSURE.","authors":"MD.M.M. Noor Mohiddin, Shaik Fazila Banu","doi":"10.36106/ijar/3905479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/3905479","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fistula-in-ano is an anorectal condition prevalent in the population worldwide. It is an inammatory track\u0000lined by granulation tissue which connects perianal skin supercially to anal canal; anorectum or rectum deeply. It is\u0000characterised by chronic purulent discharge or cyclical pain associated with abscess formation followed by intermittent spontaneous\u0000decompression. In some cases of men with anal stulas, the stula can extend into the scrotum, in which case the scrotum is usually painful and\u0000presents with redness, swelling and pus discharge from the external opening that is the secondary scrotal orice of the stula and can sometimes be\u0000misdiagnosed as scrotal abscess. Fistula with extension into scrotum is one of the rare complications of stula. Nearly about 82% ano-scrotal\u0000stulas had anterior opening and they are mostly intersphincteric or transsphincteric stulas.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"301 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become one of the challenging factors in health care settings and community settings. Resistance to non-beta lactam antibiotics also made the situation worsen. Aim: Ÿ To study the prevalence of MRSA in all clinical samples taken for culture. Ÿ To evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA. Results: A total of 67 MRSA were isolated from 2609 clinical samples. Maximum isolates were from pus 44 (70%). The highest (100%) sensitivity was observed with Vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin and lowest (28.4%) with Erthromycin was observed. Conclusion: Educating primary health physicians about MRSA is essential to implement effective control measures like Strict adherence to infection control practices, including hand hygiene, preventing the overuse of antibiotics and continues surveillance program for MRSA
{"title":"A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON PREVALENCE AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF MRSA ISOLATED FROM ALL CLINICAL SAMPLES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN KERALA.","authors":"Jeslin Sara John","doi":"10.36106/ijar/7300507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/7300507","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become one of the challenging factors in health\u0000care settings and community settings. Resistance to non-beta lactam antibiotics also made the situation worsen.\u0000Aim:\u0000Ÿ To study the prevalence of MRSA in all clinical samples taken for culture.\u0000Ÿ To evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA.\u0000Results: A total of 67 MRSA were isolated from 2609 clinical samples. Maximum isolates were from pus 44 (70%). The highest (100%)\u0000sensitivity was observed with Vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin and lowest (28.4%) with Erthromycin was observed. Conclusion:\u0000Educating primary health physicians about MRSA is essential to implement effective control measures like Strict adherence to infection control\u0000practices, including hand hygiene, preventing the overuse of antibiotics and continues surveillance program for MRSA","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140772303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Falls are dened as accidental events in which a person falls when his/her center of gravity is lost and no effort is made to restore balance or when this effort is ineffective. Falls are considered as the most common cause of injuries among the older population. This study aims to nd the prevalence of falls among elderly in Bahuwala area of Dehradun.This cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous, 20-item questionnaire which was developed in English and Arabic to be delivered as a semi-structured interview. In the present study, the prevalence of falls in older adults was 42.71% in Male and 57.29%in female and with advancing age, the prevalence of falls increases. This is consistent with earlier observations that females and advanced age (age above 75 years) were associated with a greater prevalence of falls
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF FALL AMONG GERIATRIC PATIENTS AROUND BAHUWALA IN DEHRADUN","authors":"Megha Jugran, Keerty Mathur","doi":"10.36106/ijar/3502263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/3502263","url":null,"abstract":"Falls are dened as accidental events in which a person falls when his/her center of gravity is lost and no effort is made to\u0000restore balance or when this effort is ineffective. Falls are considered as the most common cause of injuries among the\u0000older population. This study aims to nd the prevalence of falls among elderly in Bahuwala area of Dehradun.This cross-sectional study was\u0000conducted using an anonymous, 20-item questionnaire which was developed in English and Arabic to be delivered as a semi-structured interview.\u0000In the present study, the prevalence of falls in older adults was 42.71% in Male and 57.29%in female and with advancing age, the prevalence of\u0000falls increases. This is consistent with earlier observations that females and advanced age (age above 75 years) were associated\u0000with a greater prevalence of falls","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140763453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Epidermoid tumors are benign congenital tumors within the neurosurgical domain, with white epidermoids constituting a rarer subset characterized by distinct radiological features. Here, we report the case of a 50-year-old female presenting with recurrent headaches, initially misdiagnosed as an intracranial aneurysm but later revealed to be a sellar-originating white epidermoid tumor. Despite its size, conservative management was chosen due to the lesion's benign nature and lack of symptomatic contribution. White epidermoid tumors pose diagnostic challenges as they share radiological features with other intracranial lesions, including dermoid tumors, neuroenteric cysts, craniopharyngiomas, and clival tumors. Surgical resection carries a risk of chemical meningitis from tumor content leakage. Therefore, accurate preoperative diagnosis is imperative for appropriate management. In conclusion, white epidermoid tumors represent a rare variant requiring meticulous radiological evaluation to ensure accurate diagnosis and optimal patient care.
{"title":"EVERY WHITE ON CT IS NOT BLEED: CASE REPORT OF A RARE, ATYPICAL WHITE EPIDERMOID TUMOR.","authors":"Harish Kumar, Divanshu Sharma, Aarti Narula, Navjot Singh, Preetnoor Kaur Nagra, Jasleen Kaur, Sandeep Singh","doi":"10.36106/ijar/9803843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/9803843","url":null,"abstract":"Epidermoid tumors are benign congenital tumors within the neurosurgical domain, with white epidermoids constituting a\u0000rarer subset characterized by distinct radiological features. Here, we report the case of a 50-year-old female presenting\u0000with recurrent headaches, initially misdiagnosed as an intracranial aneurysm but later revealed to be a sellar-originating white epidermoid tumor.\u0000Despite its size, conservative management was chosen due to the lesion's benign nature and lack of symptomatic contribution. White epidermoid\u0000tumors pose diagnostic challenges as they share radiological features with other intracranial lesions, including dermoid tumors, neuroenteric\u0000cysts, craniopharyngiomas, and clival tumors. Surgical resection carries a risk of chemical meningitis from tumor content leakage. Therefore,\u0000accurate preoperative diagnosis is imperative for appropriate management. In conclusion, white epidermoid tumors represent a rare variant\u0000requiring meticulous radiological evaluation to ensure accurate diagnosis and optimal patient care.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"62 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140757271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Mucocele of the appendix is an obstructive dilatation of the appendix caused by intraluminal accumulation of mucoid material. It represents only 0.3%-0.7% of appendiceal pathology and 8% of appendiceal tumors. A patient's clinical symptoms include pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, palpable abdominal mass, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, gastrointestinal bleeding, and signs of intussusceptions of the intestines. If treated improperly, the mucocele may progress, epithelial cells may escape into the peritoneal cavity, and Pseudomyxoma Peritonei may develop, which has a high mortality. This condition can have benign as well as malignant processes. According to modern classication, there are 4 histologic types: Retention cyst, mucosal hyperplasia, Mucinous cystadenoma, and Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma.
{"title":"AN ATYPICAL PRESENTATION OF MUCOCELE OF APPENDIX","authors":"P. S. Raghuram, MD.M.M. Noor Mohiddin","doi":"10.36106/ijar/4901220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/4901220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mucocele of the appendix is an obstructive dilatation of the appendix caused by intraluminal accumulation\u0000of mucoid material. It represents only 0.3%-0.7% of appendiceal pathology and 8% of appendiceal tumors. A patient's\u0000clinical symptoms include pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, palpable abdominal mass, nausea, vomiting, weight loss,\u0000gastrointestinal bleeding, and signs of intussusceptions of the intestines.\u0000If treated improperly, the mucocele may progress, epithelial cells may escape into the peritoneal cavity, and Pseudomyxoma Peritonei may\u0000develop, which has a high mortality. This condition can have benign as well as malignant processes. According to modern classication, there are 4\u0000histologic types: Retention cyst, mucosal hyperplasia, Mucinous cystadenoma, and Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"261 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mudra Gupta, Amit Rao, Dasari Vinay, Sangeeta Meena
Background-The deciency of vitamin D is known as a worldwide problem. Evidence has shown that vitamin D deciency may increase the risk of a wide range of chronic diseases. Also, its deciency can increase the likelihood of autoimmune diseases, upper respiratory tract infections, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Maternal thyroid function should be maintained normally, especially in the rst trimester. In the rst trimester, the fetus is fully dependent on maternal thyroid hormones for brain development After obtaining the necessary permission study was conducted in the Department of Bioche Methodology- mistry (Immunoassay lab) and Obstetrics and Gynecology SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur This study includes 30 cases (vitamin D deciency in pregnant women in the rst trimester with 18-40yrs age group) and control (vitamin D sufcient women in the rst trimester with the age 18-40yrs age group) and difference in mean T3, T4and TSH level In this study, T4 levels (mean ± SD) were signican Result- tly higher in the vitamin D deciency group compared with the control group (9.89 vs. 53.0 ng/dl, P-value: <0.01), but there were no signicant differences between the 2 studies groups regarding TSH and free T3 levels. In Linear regression analysis, assessing the effects of vitamin D deciency plus maternal age, Body Mass Index, and number of pregnancies on thyroid function tests, it was shown that vitamin D deciency had only a signicant direct relation with free T4 levels (P-value: <0.01), but had no signicant relations with the other thyroid function tests namely TSH, and free T3 Conclusion-: A signicant direct relationships were observed between Vitamin D deciency with the level of thyroxin (T4) during the rst trimester of pregnancy. higher levels of T4 in vitamin D-decient mothers. Due to the negative effects of Vitamin D deciency and thyroid hormones on the mother, further studies should be conducted which may help in more accurate screening during pregnancy.
背景--众所周知，维生素 D 的缺ci 是一个世界性问题。有证据表明，维生素 D 的缺ciency 可能会增加罹患多种慢性疾病的风险。此外，维生素D的缺乏也会增加患自身免疫性疾病、上呼吸道感染、糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症的几率。孕产妇的甲状腺功能应保持正常，尤其是在rst trimester。在 rst trimester，胎儿的大脑发育完全依赖于母体的甲状腺激素。在获得必要的许可后，研究在生物化学方法学系（免疫测定实验室）和妇产科SMS医学院和医院进行、这项研究包括30个病例（年龄在18-40岁之间的rst trimester孕妇的维生素D脱ciency）和对照组（年龄在18-40岁之间的rst trimester孕妇的维生素D sufcient），以及平均T3、T4和TSH水平的差异。在这项研究中，维生素D脱ciency组的T4水平（平均值±标度）明显高于对照组（9.89 ng vs. 53.0 ng）。89 vs. 53.0 ng/dl，P值：<0.01），但在促甲状腺激素（TSH）和游离 T3 水平方面，两组之间没有显著。线性回归分析评估了维生素D脱ciency加上产妇年龄、体重指数和怀孕次数对甲状腺功能检测的影响，结果显示维生素D脱ciency与游离T4水平只有显著的直接关系（P值：<0.01），但与其他甲状腺功能检测（即促甲状腺激素和游离T3）没有显著cant的关系：在妊娠rsttrimes期间，维生素D去ciency与甲状腺素（T4）水平之间存在显著的直接关系。维生素D去cient母亲的T4水平较高。由于维生素D脱ciency和甲状腺激素对母亲的负面影响，应开展进一步的研究，以帮助在孕期进行更准确的筛查。
{"title":"AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE ASSOCIATION OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION WITH VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANT WOMEN SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL JAIPUR RAJASTHAN","authors":"Mudra Gupta, Amit Rao, Dasari Vinay, Sangeeta Meena","doi":"10.36106/ijar/7900904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/7900904","url":null,"abstract":"Background-The deciency of vitamin D is known as a worldwide problem. Evidence has shown that vitamin D\u0000deciency may increase the risk of a wide range of chronic diseases. Also, its deciency can increase the likelihood of\u0000autoimmune diseases, upper respiratory tract infections, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Maternal thyroid function should be\u0000maintained normally, especially in the rst trimester. In the rst trimester, the fetus is fully dependent on maternal thyroid hormones for brain\u0000development After obtaining the necessary permission study was conducted in the Department of Bioche Methodology- mistry (Immunoassay\u0000lab) and Obstetrics and Gynecology SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur This study includes 30 cases (vitamin D deciency in pregnant\u0000women in the rst trimester with 18-40yrs age group) and control (vitamin D sufcient women in the rst trimester with the age 18-40yrs age\u0000group) and difference in mean T3, T4and TSH level In this study, T4 levels (mean ± SD) were signican Result- tly higher in the vitamin D\u0000deciency group compared with the control group (9.89 vs. 53.0 ng/dl, P-value: <0.01), but there were no signicant differences between the 2\u0000studies groups regarding TSH and free T3 levels. In Linear regression analysis, assessing the effects of vitamin D deciency plus maternal age,\u0000Body Mass Index, and number of pregnancies on thyroid function tests, it was shown that vitamin D deciency had only a signicant direct\u0000relation with free T4 levels (P-value: <0.01), but had no signicant relations with the other thyroid function tests namely TSH, and free T3\u0000Conclusion-: A signicant direct relationships were observed between Vitamin D deciency with the level of thyroxin (T4) during the rst\u0000trimester of pregnancy. higher levels of T4 in vitamin D-decient mothers. Due to the negative effects of Vitamin D deciency and thyroid\u0000hormones on the mother, further studies should be conducted which may help in more accurate screening during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"1009 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the results of the modied Limberg ap (MLF) and modied Karydakis ap (MKF) techniques which were performed for the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD). Methods: The patients who were operated for PSD by the same surgeon between December 2021 and June 2023 in Department of General Surgery AlAzhar Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. 20 patients were enrolled in this interventional comparative clinical study and were divided into two equal groups.Group (1) were operated on via the the karydakis ap and group (2) via the limberg ap. The mean Results: operative time was shorter with the Karydakis group (41.7 ± 4.22 minutes) than with the Limberg group (51.5± 4.17 minutes). There was no signicant difference between both groups regarding overall complication rate .The mean time off work was shorter with the Karydakis procedure(14.6 ± 2.46 days).The healing time was signicantly shorter with the Karydakis group than with the Limberg group(18 ± 3.05 vs 21.6 ± 3.41 days, P= 0.023). The visual analogue score for the cosmetic satisfaction of patients in the Karydakis group was 7.8 ± 1.03, whereas it was 4.2 ± 0.92 in the Limberg group with a p value( < 0.001).Only one patient(10%) from each group developed recurrence. Karydakis Flap Conclusion: has shorter operation time than Modied Limberg ap, however both techniques have a similar complication and recurrence rate. In conclusion MLF and MKF procedures can be safely used as a surgical treatment of PSD.
{"title":"THE KARYDAKIS FLAP VERSUS THE LIMBERG FLAP IN THE TREATMENT OF PILONIDAL SINUS DISEASE IN RURAL AREA OF THODUPUZHA","authors":"Reny Jayaprakas, Nicholas Jacob, Amritha Gopan","doi":"10.36106/ijar/2701976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/2701976","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the results of the modied Limberg ap (MLF) and\u0000modied Karydakis ap (MKF) techniques which were performed for the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD).\u0000Methods: The patients who were operated for PSD by the same surgeon between December 2021 and June 2023 in Department of General\u0000Surgery AlAzhar Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. 20 patients were enrolled in this interventional comparative clinical study and\u0000were divided into two equal groups.Group (1) were operated on via the the karydakis ap and group (2) via the limberg ap. The mean Results:\u0000operative time was shorter with the Karydakis group (41.7 ± 4.22 minutes) than with the Limberg group (51.5± 4.17 minutes). There was no\u0000signicant difference between both groups regarding overall complication rate .The mean time off work was shorter with the Karydakis\u0000procedure(14.6 ± 2.46 days).The healing time was signicantly shorter with the Karydakis group than with the Limberg group(18 ± 3.05 vs 21.6 ±\u00003.41 days, P= 0.023). The visual analogue score for the cosmetic satisfaction of patients in the Karydakis group was 7.8 ± 1.03, whereas it was 4.2\u0000± 0.92 in the Limberg group with a p value( < 0.001).Only one patient(10%) from each group developed recurrence. Karydakis Flap Conclusion:\u0000has shorter operation time than Modied Limberg ap, however both techniques have a similar complication and recurrence rate. In conclusion\u0000MLF and MKF procedures can be safely used as a surgical treatment of PSD.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"341 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The establishment of the Neurosurgery Department at Rajindra Hospital in June 2023 addressed the pressing need for neurosurgical care in the Patiala region. Despite limited resources, the department aimed to alleviate the burden of traumatic head and spine injuries, which comprised a signicant portion of neurosurgical cases in the area. Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impact and outcomes of neurosurgical interventions, focusing on traumatic head and spine injuries, within the rst six months of the department's inception. A retrospective monocentric study involvi Materials And Methods: ng 100 patients treated at the Neurosurgical Department at Rajindra Hospital was conducted. Data were collected from medical records of patients presenting with traumatic head and spine injuries over the six-month period following the department's establishment. Results: The majority of procedures conducted included craniectomies and craniotomies, accounting for 54% of cases. Other procedures included spinal surgeries (20%), tumor interventions (8%), bur hole procedures (7%), VP shunts (5%), and re-procedures (3%). The mean age of patients was 44.2 years, with a notable proportion of younger patients (25-45 years) presenting with traumatic head injuries. Additionally, the majority of patients were male, reecting the higher incidence of traumatic injuries in this demographic group. Out of 100 patients, the medi Outcomes: an hospital stay was 15 days. Notably, 44% of patients were discharged without neurological decits, indicating favorable outcomes. However, 43% of patients were discharged with focal neurological decits, suggesting that some patients may require further rehabilitation or follow-up care. Additionally, 7% of patients expired during their hospitalization, highlighting the severity of some cases. Conclusions: Despite limitations in faculty, resources, and bed capacity, the Neurosurgery Department at Rajindra Hospital played a crucial role in reducing referrals to other centers, thereby improving local accessibility and affordability of neurosurgical services. The study underscores the department's transformative effect on patient care and highlights the need for further enhancements and optimization in the future.
{"title":"IMPACT AND OUTCOMES OF INCEPTION OF DEPARTMENT OF NEUROSURGERY, A MONOCENTRIC RETROSPECTIVE TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL BASED STUDY","authors":"Harish Kumar, Aarti Narula, Sandeep Singh, Gagandeep Singh, Mohit Pareek, Navjot Singh, Preetnoor Kaur Nagra, Divanshu Sharma","doi":"10.36106/ijar/3605157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36106/ijar/3605157","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The establishment of the Neurosurgery Department at Rajindra Hospital in June 2023 addressed the\u0000pressing need for neurosurgical care in the Patiala region. Despite limited resources, the department aimed to alleviate the\u0000burden of traumatic head and spine injuries, which comprised a signicant portion of neurosurgical cases in the area. Objectives: This\u0000retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impact and outcomes of neurosurgical interventions, focusing on traumatic head and spine injuries,\u0000within the rst six months of the department's inception. A retrospective monocentric study involvi Materials And Methods: ng 100 patients\u0000treated at the Neurosurgical Department at Rajindra Hospital was conducted. Data were collected from medical records of patients presenting\u0000with traumatic head and spine injuries over the six-month period following the department's establishment. Results: The majority of procedures\u0000conducted included craniectomies and craniotomies, accounting for 54% of cases. Other procedures included spinal surgeries (20%), tumor\u0000interventions (8%), bur hole procedures (7%), VP shunts (5%), and re-procedures (3%). The mean age of patients was 44.2 years, with a notable\u0000proportion of younger patients (25-45 years) presenting with traumatic head injuries. Additionally, the majority of patients were male, reecting\u0000the higher incidence of traumatic injuries in this demographic group. Out of 100 patients, the medi Outcomes: an hospital stay was 15 days.\u0000Notably, 44% of patients were discharged without neurological decits, indicating favorable outcomes. However, 43% of patients were\u0000discharged with focal neurological decits, suggesting that some patients may require further rehabilitation or follow-up care. Additionally, 7%\u0000of patients expired during their hospitalization, highlighting the severity of some cases. Conclusions: Despite limitations in faculty, resources,\u0000and bed capacity, the Neurosurgery Department at Rajindra Hospital played a crucial role in reducing referrals to other centers, thereby\u0000improving local accessibility and affordability of neurosurgical services. The study underscores the department's transformative effect on\u0000patient care and highlights the need for further enhancements and optimization in the future.","PeriodicalId":13502,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of applied research","volume":"131 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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