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Impact of material-dependent radiation – longitudinal optical phonon interaction on thermal electric-dipole radiation from surface metal − semiconductor grating structures 取决于材料的辐射-纵向光学声子相互作用对表面金属-半导体光栅结构的热电偶极子辐射的影响
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105518
Bojin Lin, Hnin Lai Lai Aye, Daiki Yoshikawa, Yoshihiro Ishitani

Infrared thermal radiation emission in the 8.5 – 28 THz frequency region is obtained using surface metal–semiconductor grating structures on undoped (u-) GaAs, u-GaP, u-ZnO, u-GaN, and n-type SiC in a temperature range of 430 – 630 K. These emissions resonate with longitudinal optical (LO) phonon or LO-like lattice vibration energies determined by the zero points of the real parts of the dielectric functions in the surface structures. The emissions of materials with Reststrahlen bandwidths of a few tens of cm−1 show the emissions resonating with their LO phonon modes, while materials with bandwidth of more than 170 cm−1 show peak energies significantly lower than the LO phonon: LO-like phonon resonance. The emission intensity is found to be dominated by the balance of radiative and nonradiative LO or LO-like phonon annihilation rates. The radiative rate is dominated by the LO-phonon–radiation interaction Hamiltonian and the Bose-Einstein factor. High emission intensity is obtained for the structure on u-ZnO with intense LO-like phonon–radiation interaction. The dependence of the emission intensity on temperature and emission window width for various materials shows the effect of material-dependent metal/semiconductor interface conditions on the emission efficiency.

在 430 - 630 K 的温度范围内,利用未掺杂 (u-) GaAs、u-GaP、u-ZnO、u-GaN 和 n 型 SiC 上的表面金属半导体光栅结构,获得了 8.5 - 28 THz 频率区域的红外热辐射发射。这些发射与纵向光学 (LO) 声子或 LO 类晶格振动能量共振,这些能量由表面结构中介电常数实部的零点决定。雷斯特拉伦带宽为几十厘米-1 的材料的发射显示出与其 LO 声子模式共振的发射,而带宽超过 170 厘米-1 的材料则显示出明显低于 LO 声子的峰值能量:类 LO 声子共振。辐射强度受辐射和非辐射 LO 或 LO 类声子湮灭率平衡的影响。辐射率由 LO-声子-辐射相互作用哈密顿和玻色-爱因斯坦因子主导。u-ZnO上的结构具有强烈的LO-类声子辐射相互作用,因此发射强度很高。不同材料的发射强度与温度和发射窗口宽度的关系表明,与材料有关的金属/半导体界面条件对发射效率有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Acoustic and thermal response characteristics and failure mode of gas-bearing coal–rock composite structure under loading 含瓦斯煤岩复合结构在荷载作用下的声热响应特性及破坏模式
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105517
Yidie Zhang , Guorui Feng , Zhen Li , Zhiwei Wang , Dengke Wang , Yanqun Yang , Xiaohong Yang

Exploring the characteristics of the instability and failure processes of gas-bearing coal and rock is crucial for monitoring and predicting mine gas accidents. Thus, a real gas environment was simulated based on a self-developed gas–solid coupling infrared observation system. The acoustic–thermal response characteristics and failure mode of the gas-bearing coal–rock composite structure were studied. The results showed the following: (1) From the plastic stage, the average infrared radiation temperature of the coal increased significantly. The variances of differential infrared temperature (VDIRT) of the combination and coal started to mutate approximately 30 s before the peak, and the b value of the combination began to fluctuate frequently, while the VDIRT of rock remained approximately 2.128 × 10−4 throughout the process. (2) When stress was about to peak, a clear temperature boundary formed between coal and rock. Acoustic emissions with high energy were mainly concentrated at the interface and inside the coal. (3) The early plastic stage was dominated by high-frequency, low-amplitude events. In the post-peak stage and late plastic stage, the proportion of events with 80–90 dB amplitude rose, and there was a significant increase in low-frequency, high-amplitude events. (4) As the loading proceeded, the density and area gradually increased and tended to move toward the shear crack region. The distribution range of the rise time/amplitude expanded from 0–12 ms/V at the beginning of the loading to the range of 0–60 ms/V in the post-peak stage.

探索含瓦斯煤和岩石的不稳定性和破坏过程的特征对于监测和预测矿井瓦斯事故至关重要。因此,基于自主研发的瓦斯-固体耦合红外观测系统,模拟了真实的瓦斯环境。研究了含瓦斯煤岩复合结构的声热响应特征和破坏模式。结果表明(1) 从塑性阶段开始,煤的平均红外辐射温度显著升高。在达到峰值前约 30 s,组合体和煤的红外辐射温度差(VDIRT)开始发生变化,组合体的 b 值开始频繁波动,而岩石的 VDIRT 在整个过程中保持在 2.128 × 10-4 左右。(2) 当应力即将达到峰值时,煤和岩石之间形成了明显的温度边界。高能量声发射主要集中在界面和煤内部。(3) 早期塑性阶段主要是高频率、低振幅事件。在后峰值阶段和塑性晚期,振幅为 80-90 dB 的事件比例上升,低频、高振幅事件显著增加。(4) 随着加载的进行,密度和面积逐渐增大,并有向剪切裂纹区域移动的趋势。上升时间/振幅的分布范围从加载开始时的 0-12 ms/V 扩大到高峰后阶段的 0-60 ms/V。
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引用次数: 0
MSCS: Multi-stage feature learning with channel-spatial attention mechanism for infrared and visible image fusion MSCS:红外与可见光图像融合的多阶段特征学习与通道空间关注机制
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105514
Zhenghua Huang , Biyun Xu , Menghan Xia , Qian Li , Lianying Zou , Shaoyi Li , Xi Li

The intention of infrared and visible image fusion is to combine the images captured by different modal sensors in the same scene to enhance its understanding. Deep learning has been proven its powerful application in image fusion due to its fine generalization, robustness, and representability of deep features. However, the performance of these deep learning-based methods heavily depends on the illumination condition. Especially in dark or exposed scenes, the fused results are over-smoothness and low-contrast, resulting in inaccuracy of object detection. To address these issues, this paper develops a multi-stage feature learning approach with channel-spatial attention mechanism, namely MSCS, for infrared and visible image fusion. The MSCS is composed of the following four key procedures: Firstly, the infrared and visible images are decomposed into illumination and reflectance components by a proposed network called as Retinex_Net. Then, the components are transported to an encoder for features coding. Next, we propose an adaptive fusion module with attention mechanisms to fuse the features. Finally, the fused image is generated by the decoder for decoding the fused features. Meanwhile, a novel fusion loss function and a multi-stage training strategy are proposed to train the above modules. The subjective and objective results of experiments on TNO, LLVIP and MSRS datasets illustrate that the proposed method is effective and performs better than the state-of-the-art fusion methods on achieving enjoyable results in dark or over-exposure scenes. And the results of further experiments on the fused images for object detection demonstrate that the fusion outputs produced by our MSCS are more beneficial for detection tasks.

红外和可见光图像融合的目的是将不同模式传感器在同一场景中捕捉到的图像结合起来,以增强对场景的理解。深度学习因其精细的泛化、鲁棒性和深度特征的可表示性,已被证明在图像融合中具有强大的应用价值。然而,这些基于深度学习的方法的性能在很大程度上取决于光照条件。特别是在黑暗或曝光的场景中,融合后的结果会过度平滑且对比度低,从而导致物体检测不准确。为解决这些问题,本文针对红外图像和可见光图像的融合,开发了一种具有通道空间注意机制的多阶段特征学习方法,即 MSCS。MSCS 由以下四个关键步骤组成:首先,通过一个名为 Retinex_Net 的拟议网络将红外图像和可见光图像分解为光照分量和反射分量。然后,这些分量被传送到编码器进行特征编码。接着,我们提出了一个具有注意机制的自适应融合模块来融合特征。最后,解码器生成融合图像,对融合特征进行解码。同时,我们还提出了一种新颖的融合损失函数和多阶段训练策略来训练上述模块。在 TNO、LLVIP 和 MSRS 数据集上的主观和客观实验结果表明,所提出的方法是有效的,而且在黑暗或过曝场景中实现令人满意的融合效果方面,其表现优于最先进的融合方法。对融合图像进行物体检测的进一步实验结果表明,我们的 MSCS 所产生的融合输出更有利于检测任务。
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引用次数: 0
Robust flexible hollow racetrack-shaped terahertz waveguide with single-polarization single-mode and low-loss by plasma aided hot-pressing method 等离子体辅助热压法实现单极化单模低损耗的坚固柔性空心赛道形太赫兹波导
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105513
Sheng Liu, Guangning Hou, Zhipeng Zha, Shuoying Yu, Jun Ding, Shaohua Liu, Chengbin Jing, Junhao Chu

A flexible single-polarization single-mode (SPSM) polymer/Ag-coated hollow waveguide with a racetrack-shaped cross-section was designed and prepared using a simple hot-pressing method and plasma treatment. The waveguide structural parameters were numerically optimized using the finite element method and the SPSM transmission can be achieved in a high birefringent (>0.8) hollow racetrack-shaped waveguide (HRW). The racetrack-like waveguides were facilely prepared by hot-pressing commercially available circular acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) tubing, followed by plasma treatment and silver-plating. The HRW samples with a length of 40 cm were prepared, with a straight transmission loss of 1.74 and 1.68 dB/m at 0.1 THz, respectively, and the polarization degree is 99.9 %. When bent for 120° at a 10 cm radius or twisted by 90°, the waveguide samples have additional losses less than 0.22 and 0.14 dB/m, respectively, while the polarization degrees keep almost unchanged. After 200 h hydrothermal aging (85 RH%, 85 ℃) and 20 times high (85 ℃)/low (−40 ℃) temperature tests, the loss increase is less than 0.14 dB/m and the polarization degree remains unaffected. The HRW could be used in practice as a competitive substitute for traditional rectangular metal waveguides due to its high SPSM performance, lightweight, robustness, flexibility, and easy fabrication.

通过简单的热压方法和等离子处理,设计并制备了一种具有赛道形横截面的柔性单极化单模(SPSM)聚合物/Ag 涂层空心波导。利用有限元法对波导结构参数进行了数值优化,在高双折射(>0.8)空心赛道形波导(HRW)中实现了 SPSM 传输。通过热压市售的圆形丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)和聚醚醚酮(PEEK)管材,然后进行等离子处理和镀银,就能方便地制备出赛道状波导。制备出的长度为 40 厘米的 HRW 样品在 0.1 太赫兹时的直线传输损耗分别为 1.74 和 1.68 dB/m,极化率为 99.9%。当波导样品以 10 厘米为半径弯曲 120° 或扭曲 90° 时,额外损耗分别小于 0.22 和 0.14 dB/m,而极化度几乎保持不变。经过 200 小时的水热老化(85 RH%,85 ℃)和 20 次高温(85 ℃)/低温(-40 ℃)测试后,损耗的增加小于 0.14 dB/m,极化度保持不变。由于 HRW 具有 SPSM 性能高、重量轻、坚固耐用、灵活性强和易于制造等优点,因此可在实际应用中替代传统的矩形金属波导。
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引用次数: 0
Thickness evaluation of organic coating using active long-pulse transmission thermography 利用主动长脉冲透射热成像技术评估有机涂层的厚度
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105516
Lijun Zhuo , Changhu Liu , Jun Zhou , Jianguo Zhu , Chaoyi Li , Antonio Fernández López

The thickness of the optically translucent coating was evaluated using the transmission thermography. The transmitted temperature of a two-layer structure was theoretically analysed based on the equation of 1D heat transfer in the depth direction, and accordingly, the method for the measurement of coating thickness in a two-layer structure was established based on a long-pulse transmission thermography. The coating thickness was determined based on the characteristic time at the maximum half-rise temperature. Then, the proposed method was experimentally validated and calibrated by coating specimen with a different coating thickness. The thickness measurement method was further applied to measure an uneven coating specimen fabricated by mechanical grinding. The measurements were compared with a 3D digital image correlation method and the averaged relative error was less than 4%. Finally, thermal excitation, sampling rate of thermography and translucence of organic coating were discussed for accurate measurement.

利用透射热成像技术评估了光学半透明涂层的厚度。根据深度方向的一维传热方程对双层结构的透射温度进行了理论分析,并据此建立了基于长脉冲透射热成像技术的双层结构涂层厚度测量方法。涂层厚度是根据最大半升温度下的特征时间确定的。然后,利用不同涂层厚度的涂层试样对所提出的方法进行了实验验证和校准。厚度测量方法还进一步应用于测量通过机械研磨制作的不均匀涂层试样。测量结果与三维数字图像相关方法进行了比较,平均相对误差小于 4%。最后,讨论了精确测量所需的热激发、热成像采样率和有机涂层的半透明度。
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引用次数: 0
Infrared superpixel patch-image model for small target detection under complex background 复杂背景下用于小目标检测的红外超像素斑块图像模型
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105490
Jinglin Xin, Man Luo, Xinxin Cao, Teng Liu, Jiakang Yuan, Rong Liu, Yunhong Xin

The main problem of infrared small target detection in complex background is how to effectively eliminate the edge residue. In this paper, we propose an efficient method named Superpixel Patch Image (SPI) model to handle this challenging task. The SPI model can fit the edges of the background well, thus effectively eliminating edge interference in the process of target detection, and achieving excellent performance. The SPI method consists of three steps: Firstly, an improved Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (ISLIC) algorithm is proposed to generate compact superpixels that perfectly match the background edge. Secondly, setting each superpixel patch as a column, a large patch-image matrix is constructed, and the target foreground image and background image is separated by imprecisely augmented Lagrange multiplication. Finally, based on the comprehensively analysis of the distribution characteristics of the target and the highlighted edge in the foreground image, an adaptive threshold is used to extract the target from the foreground superpixel patch. The experimental results of real infrared scenes show that the presented SPI model achieves the best SCRG, BSF and ROC curves compared with the existing 9 state-of-art algorithms, and can effectively extract small targets under different complex backgrounds.

复杂背景下红外小目标检测的主要问题是如何有效消除边缘残留。本文提出了一种名为 "超像素补丁图像(SPI)模型 "的高效方法来处理这一具有挑战性的任务。SPI 模型能很好地拟合背景的边缘,从而有效地消除目标检测过程中的边缘干扰,取得优异的性能。SPI 方法包括三个步骤:首先,提出一种改进的简单线性迭代聚类(ISLIC)算法,生成与背景边缘完全匹配的紧凑超像素。其次,将每个超像素补丁设置为一列,构建一个大型补丁-图像矩阵,并通过不精确增强拉格朗日乘法分离目标前景图像和背景图像。最后,在综合分析目标和高亮边缘在前景图像中的分布特征的基础上,使用自适应阈值从前景超像素斑块中提取目标。真实红外场景的实验结果表明,与现有的 9 种先进算法相比,本文提出的 SPI 模型实现了最佳的 SCRG、BSF 和 ROC 曲线,能有效地提取不同复杂背景下的小目标。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of emissivity on infrared camouflage performance 发射率对红外伪装性能的影响
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105509
Yuchi Liu, Linshuang Long, Yufei Gao, Wei Li, Zhipeng Tang, Hong Ye

The rapid development of infrared detection technology has generated an urgent demand for infrared camouflage, sparking widespread interest in low-emissivity materials. Novel material designs and advanced micro/nanofabrication technologies make it possible to realize materials with extremely low emissivity. However, a lower infrared emissivity does not always mean a better camouflage performance. There is a lack of sufficient discussion on how to determine an appropriate emissivity for a specific working condition to achieve effective infrared camouflage. Here, through outdoor experiments, we demonstrated that for a specific scenario, an appropriate emissivity always exists that can make the infrared characteristics of the target effectively blend into its background, and deviations from the emissivity result in deteriorated camouflage performance. Further, we established a heat transfer model to conduct quantitative analysis on the influence of emissivity on infrared camouflage performance in terms of surface temperature and radiative temperature in various conditions. In addition, we proposed a general method for determining the optimal emissivity of infrared camouflage, defined as the emissivity value at which the radiative temperatures of the target and the background are equal. To facilitate practical application of this method, we developed a user-friendly MATLAB app named “Optimal Emissivity Calculator” to calculate the optimal emissivity. It was found that for a vehicle’s engine compartment surface at approximately 340.0 K, the optimal emissivity is 0.4 with a background temperature of 300.0 K. This work highlights the significance of selecting appropriate emissivity for infrared camouflage and provides a reference for designing the emissivity of infrared camouflage materials.

红外探测技术的飞速发展催生了对红外伪装的迫切需求,引发了人们对低发射率材料的广泛兴趣。新颖的材料设计和先进的微/纳米加工技术使实现极低发射率的材料成为可能。然而,较低的红外发射率并不总是意味着更好的伪装性能。对于如何确定特定工作条件下的适当发射率,以实现有效的红外伪装,目前还缺乏充分的讨论。在此,我们通过室外实验证明,在特定情况下,总有一个合适的发射率能使目标的红外特征有效地融入其背景,而偏离发射率则会导致伪装性能下降。此外,我们还建立了一个传热模型,从表面温度和辐射温度两个方面定量分析了发射率在不同条件下对红外伪装性能的影响。此外,我们还提出了确定红外伪装最佳发射率的一般方法,即目标和背景辐射温度相等时的发射率值。为便于实际应用该方法,我们开发了一个名为 "最佳发射率计算器 "的用户友好型 MATLAB 应用程序,用于计算最佳发射率。结果发现,对于温度约为 340.0 K 的汽车发动机舱表面,最佳发射率为 0.4,背景温度为 300.0 K。这项工作强调了为红外伪装选择合适发射率的重要性,并为设计红外伪装材料的发射率提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
Flexible wideband microwave meta-absorber with designable digital infrared and visible camouflage 可设计数字红外和可见光伪装的灵活宽带微波元吸收器
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105503
Yina Cui, Jun Wang, Ruichao Zhu, Huiting Sun, Cuilian Xu, Zhenxu Wang, Yuxi Li, Yueyu Meng, Jiafu Wang, Shaobo Qu

With the widespread use of multi-spectrum detection technology, the stealth of a single frequency band cannot meet the practical application requirements. Recently, the investigation of wearable and insulated multi-spectrum compatible stealth technology has become urgent. The flexible and thermally isolated wideband microwave meta-absorber with infrared and visible camouflage has been proposed, fabricated, and measured. An infrared shielding layer (IRSL) and a radar absorbing layer (RAL) are the two main components of the absorber. IRSL is realized by specifically arranging the pre-designed patch structure with three different filling ratios, which can confuse the detection of thermal infrared in 3–14 μm. RAL is achieved by etching the structure of the lossy material to form electrical loss in plane and magnetic loss between layers, so as to realize the broadband absorption of microwave higher than 90 % from 6.2-22.2 GHz. In addition, the absorber employs flexible and thermally isolated materials, providing excellent high-temperature stability normally at temperatures up to 130 °C. These unique properties confirm the feasibility of the proposed strategy. To effectively adapt to different thermal camouflage environments, it is essential to create IR digital camouflage patterns. Moreover, the additional flexibility and thermal insulation characteristics make it powerful in compatible camouflage-stealth facilities when used in complex environments and a wide range of high temperatures.

随着多频谱探测技术的广泛应用,单一频段的隐身技术已不能满足实际应用的要求。近年来,研究可穿戴、绝缘的多频谱兼容隐身技术已迫在眉睫。我们提出了具有红外和可见光伪装功能的柔性热隔离宽带微波元吸收器,并对其进行了制作和测量。红外屏蔽层(IRSL)和雷达吸收层(RAL)是吸收器的两个主要组成部分。红外屏蔽层是通过将预先设计好的贴片结构以三种不同的填充比进行特定排列来实现的,这种结构可以混淆 3-14 μm 的热红外探测。RAL 则是通过蚀刻有损材料的结构,形成平面内的电损耗和层间的磁损耗,从而实现对 6.2-22.2 GHz 微波高于 90% 的宽带吸收。此外,该吸收器还采用了柔性和热隔离材料,通常在高达 130 °C 的温度下具有出色的高温稳定性。这些独特的性能证实了拟议策略的可行性。为了有效适应不同的热伪装环境,必须创建红外数字伪装模式。此外,当在复杂环境和各种高温条件下使用时,额外的灵活性和隔热特性使其在兼容伪装-隐形设施方面具有强大的功能。
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引用次数: 0
Depth and angle evaluations of oblique linear cracks in metal using multi-speed laser lock-in thermography method 利用多速激光锁定热成像法评估金属斜线裂纹的深度和角度
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105515
C. Boué, S. Holé

Cracks can develop obliquely to the metal surface. The multi-speed laser lock-in thermography method is suited for the contactless estimation of open crack angles and depths in metal with oblique linear cracks. A continuous laser source regularly scans the studied sample leading to a periodical heating. The heat diffusion disturbances induced by a crack located in the thermal diffusion area are measured synchronously with the repeated continuous laser scan passes. The thermal signature of the crack is extracted from the amplitude of surface temperature images for various scanning speeds of the thermal source. The asymmetry of the thermal signatures obtained on each side of the crack is analysed as a function of a length relying on the thermal diffusion length. The local crack depth and crack angle are evaluated simultaneously. The method, explained with 3D simulations, is experimentally implemented and tested with calibrated oblique linear cracks. The results demonstrate the potentiality of multi-speed laser lock-in thermography method as a contactless measurement tool for the evaluation of oblique crack shapes up to 3.5 mm depth.

裂纹可以斜向金属表面发展。多速激光锁相热成像方法适用于以非接触方式估算金属斜线裂纹的开裂角度和深度。一个连续的激光源会定期扫描所研究的样品,从而导致周期性加热。位于热扩散区域的裂纹所引起的热扩散干扰与重复的连续激光扫描同步进行测量。裂纹的热特征是从热源不同扫描速度下的表面温度图像振幅中提取出来的。裂纹两侧获得的热特征的不对称性作为热扩散长度的函数进行分析。同时对局部裂纹深度和裂纹角度进行评估。通过三维模拟对该方法进行了解释,并通过校准的斜线裂缝进行了实验和测试。结果表明,多速激光锁定热成像方法作为一种非接触式测量工具,在评估深度达 3.5 毫米的斜裂纹形状方面具有潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing three-source cross-modality image fusion with improved DenseNet for infrared polarization and visible light images 利用改进型 DenseNet 加强红外偏振和可见光图像的三源跨模态图像融合
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105493
Xuesong Wang, Bin Zhou, Jian Peng, Feng Huang, Xianyu Wu

The fusion of multi-modal images to create an image that preserves the unique features of each modality as well as the features shared across modalities is a challenging task, particularly in the context of infrared (IR)-visible image fusion. In addition, the presence of polarization and IR radiation information in images obtained from IR polarization sensors further complicates the multi-modal image-fusion process. This study proposes a fusion network designed to overcome the challenges associated with the integration of low-resolution IR, IR polarization, and high-resolution visible (VIS) images. By introducing cross attention modules and a multi-stage fusion approach, the network can effectively extract and fuse features from different modalities, fully expressing the diversity of the images. This network learns end-to-end mapping from sourced to fused images using a loss function, eliminating the need for ground-truth images for fusion. Experimental results using public datasets and remote-sensing field-test data demonstrate that the proposed methodology achieves commendable results in qualitative and quantitative evaluations, with gradient based fusion performance QAB/F, mutual information (MI), and QCB values higher than the second-best values by 0.20, 0.94, and 0.04, respectively. This study provides a comprehensive representation of target scene information that results in enhanced image quality and improved object identification capabilities. In addition, outdoor and VIS image datasets are produced, providing a data foundation and reference for future research in related fields.

多模态图像的融合是一项极具挑战性的任务,尤其是在红外(IR)-可见光图像融合的背景下,如何融合多模态图像以创建既能保留各模态独特特征又能保留各模态共享特征的图像是一项极具挑战性的任务。此外,从红外偏振传感器获取的图像中存在偏振和红外辐射信息,这使得多模态图像融合过程更加复杂。本研究提出了一种融合网络,旨在克服与低分辨率红外、红外偏振和高分辨率可见光(VIS)图像融合相关的挑战。通过引入交叉注意模块和多级融合方法,该网络可以有效地提取和融合不同模态的特征,充分表达图像的多样性。该网络利用损失函数学习从源图像到融合图像的端到端映射,从而消除了融合时对地面实况图像的需求。使用公共数据集和遥感现场测试数据得出的实验结果表明,所提出的方法在定性和定量评估方面都取得了值得称赞的结果,基于梯度的融合性能 QAB/F、互信息(MI)和 QCB 值分别比次佳值高出 0.20、0.94 和 0.04。这项研究提供了目标场景信息的综合表征,从而提高了图像质量和物体识别能力。此外,还生成了室外和 VIS 图像数据集,为今后相关领域的研究提供了数据基础和参考。
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引用次数: 0
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Infrared Physics & Technology
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