Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105668
Min Luo , Haonan Ge , Shuning Liu , Runzhang Xie , Fang Zhong
Low-dimensional materials, particularly black phosphorus, show exceptional promise for applications in photoelectric sensors due to their high carrier mobility, tunable band gap, and remarkable electrical properties. Black phosphorus, typically obtained through mechanical exfoliation, often exhibits uneven layer thickness, leading to the spontaneous formation of natural heterojunctions. These heterojunctions, characterized by extremely narrow channels, are conducive to enhanced built-in electric fields and improved conductivity, which collectively enhance the detectivity of the devices. To further optimize the interaction between light and matter, we propose a design featuring geometric patterns with varying parameters surrounding the device. Geometric patterns are strategically engineered to enhance the electromagnetic field, thereby fostering a more robust light-matter interaction. As a result, the photon-generated carriers benefit from an efficient separation rate while maintaining a high diffusion velocity. This design approach not only enhances the performance of black phosphorus-based photoelectric sensors but also opens new avenues for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices. Our findings suggest significant implications for the practical use of black phosphorus in next-generation photoelectric applications, including imaging, sensing, and light-harvesting technologies.
{"title":"Sub-wavelength optical modulation of step-size varying infrared photodetectors","authors":"Min Luo , Haonan Ge , Shuning Liu , Runzhang Xie , Fang Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-dimensional materials, particularly black phosphorus, show exceptional promise for applications in photoelectric sensors due to their high carrier mobility, tunable band gap, and remarkable electrical properties. Black phosphorus, typically obtained through mechanical exfoliation, often exhibits uneven layer thickness, leading to the spontaneous formation of natural heterojunctions. These heterojunctions, characterized by extremely narrow channels, are conducive to enhanced built-in electric fields and improved conductivity, which collectively enhance the detectivity of the devices. To further optimize the interaction between light and matter, we propose a design featuring geometric patterns with varying parameters surrounding the device. Geometric patterns are strategically engineered to enhance the electromagnetic field, thereby fostering a more robust light-matter interaction. As a result, <u>t</u>he photon-generated carriers benefit from an efficient separation rate while maintaining a high diffusion velocity. This design approach not only enhances the performance of black phosphorus-based photoelectric sensors but also opens new avenues for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices. Our findings suggest significant implications for the practical use of black phosphorus in next-generation photoelectric applications, including imaging, sensing, and light-harvesting technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105654
Siyuan Liu , Xincun Peng , Jijun Zou , Wenjuan Deng , Liangliang Tang , Lei Huang , Qi Chen , Linlin Jiang , Chaoyan Zhong , Yu Wang
Dielectric Si3N4 nanopillar arrays (NPA) fabricated by the low-cost nanosphere lithography method are employed as the anti-reflectors for the GaSb thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells, which show the excellent light management performance. For the broad GaSb intrinsic absorption waveband of 800–1700 nm, the ultra-low flux-spectrum-weighted reflection of 2.68 % is obtained by the NPA. A tungsten thermal radiator with the temperature of 1200 °C is used and the light source to test the photoelectric conversion performances of the TPV cells. Compared to the normal Si3N4 film anti-reflective coating GaSb TPV cells, the 1.93-fold increase in short-circuit current density, the 1.1-fold increase in open-circuit voltage. The conversion efficiency is increased from 14.31 % to 25.19 %. Given these properties, dielectric NPA represent a promising anti-reflector to provide the TPV cells with high energy conversion efficiency.
{"title":"Dielectric nanopillar array anti-reflectors for GaSb thermophotovoltaic cells","authors":"Siyuan Liu , Xincun Peng , Jijun Zou , Wenjuan Deng , Liangliang Tang , Lei Huang , Qi Chen , Linlin Jiang , Chaoyan Zhong , Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dielectric Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanopillar arrays (NPA) fabricated by the low-cost nanosphere lithography method are employed as the anti-reflectors for the GaSb thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells, which show the excellent light management performance. For the broad GaSb intrinsic absorption waveband of 800–1700 nm, the ultra-low flux-spectrum-weighted reflection of 2.68 % is obtained by the NPA. A tungsten thermal radiator with the temperature of 1200 °C is used and the light source to test the photoelectric conversion performances of the TPV cells. Compared to the normal Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> film anti-reflective coating GaSb TPV cells, the 1.93-fold increase in short-circuit current density, the 1.1-fold increase in open-circuit voltage. The conversion efficiency is increased from 14.31 % to 25.19 %. Given these properties, dielectric NPA represent a promising anti-reflector to provide the TPV cells with high energy conversion efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105667
Xiaoqing Xu , Long Ren , Xiaowei Liang , Xin Liu
The fusion technology of infrared and visible images has been widely applied in military and civilian fields, such as remote sensing, image detection and recognition, medical image analysis, computer vision, meteorological observation, aviation investigation, and battlefield assessment. It is of great significance in both military and civilian fields. In this paper, we have proposed a new feature decomposition-based method. Firstly, we used the relative total variation method to decompose the image to obtain its structural and texture layers. The structural layer retains the main structural features of the image, while the texture layer contains texture and detail information. Afterwards, we further decompose the texture layer to obtain a large-scale middle layer and a small-scale detail layer. In response to the noise problem exiting in infrared images due to environmental temperature and other factors, denoising is carried out in the detail layer. Different fusion weights are used to complete the fusion work for each layer according to the characteristics of different feature layer. Finally, each fusion feature layer is added to obtain the final fusion image. The experiment shows that this algorithm can effectively complete the fusion work of infrared and visible images, preserving more visible detail texture features and infrared radiation feature information. Compared with the other nine advanced algorithms by fusion and object detection experiments, it has certain advantages in both subjective and objective evaluation indicators.
{"title":"Infrared and visible image fusion based on relative total variation and multi feature decomposition","authors":"Xiaoqing Xu , Long Ren , Xiaowei Liang , Xin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fusion technology of infrared and visible images has been widely applied in military and civilian fields, such as remote sensing, image detection and recognition, medical image analysis, computer vision, meteorological observation, aviation investigation, and battlefield assessment. It is of great significance in both military and civilian fields. In this paper, we have proposed a new feature decomposition-based method. Firstly, we used the relative total variation method to decompose the image to obtain its structural and texture layers. The structural layer retains the main structural features of the image, while the texture layer contains texture and detail information. Afterwards, we further decompose the texture layer to obtain a large-scale middle layer and a small-scale detail layer. In response to the noise problem exiting in infrared images due to environmental temperature and other factors, denoising is carried out in the detail layer. Different fusion weights are used to complete the fusion work for each layer according to the characteristics of different feature layer. Finally, each fusion feature layer is added to obtain the final fusion image. The experiment shows that this algorithm can effectively complete the fusion work of infrared and visible images, preserving more visible detail texture features and infrared radiation feature information. Compared with the other nine advanced algorithms by fusion and object detection experiments, it has certain advantages in both subjective and objective evaluation indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105667"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-07DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105665
Guanghui Cao , Liqiang Ma , Zezhou Guo , Qiang Ma , Qiangqiang Gao , Wei Liu , Hui Wang
To address the issue of sudden water hazards encountered during coal mine roadway excavation, infrared monitoring experiments were conducted on coal seam walls at water pressures of 0 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.4 MPa, and 0.6 MPa. This analysis focused on the infrared radiation characteristics of the coal under varying water pressures, with the aim of providing early warning indicators for potential water burst incidents. The results indicate that during the excavation process, the stress on the coal and rock at each monitoring point in the tunnel exhibits a continuous cyclical fluctuation, with slightly higher stress observed in areas of greater water pressure. At a water pressure of 0 MPa, the infrared thermal characteristics exhibit significant alterations, with a “O”-shaped high-temperature zone appearing in the central region. At a water pressure of 0.2 MPa, a strip-shaped low-temperature radiation differentiation phenomenon is observed in the upper half, with relatively stable change characteristics. Conversely, at 0.4 MPa, an anomalously high temperature is detected in small regions of the upper half, while at 0.6 MPa, a large area of temperature decline emerges, indicating that greater water pressure corresponds to more pronounced changes in the infrared thermal imagery. At a water pressure of 0 MPa, the average infrared radiation temperature (ΔAIRT) exhibits an initial increase followed by stabilization, indicating the occurrence of local shear failure. In contrast, under water pressure conditions, the overall ΔAIRT demonstrates a downward trend, which becomes more pronounced with increasing water pressure, indicating the presence of local tensile failure. At a water pressure of 0 MPa., the temperature range R of the coal body shows a decreasing trend over time. In contrast, under water pressure conditions, the temperature range R of the coal body exhibits an overall increasing trend over time, with a faster rate of increase at higher water pressures. This indicates that greater water pressure leads to increased instability in the coal and rock, resulting in a higher degree of disintegration. The Variance of successive minus infrared image temperature (VSMIT) displays varying degrees of exceeding threshold levels at different water pressures, with higher frequencies of exceedance observed at elevated pressures, indicating a more severe degree of damage and fracturing in the coal and rock. The fractal dimension (D) of the coal and rock consistently increases over time across different water pressures, with a larger D observed at higher pressures, signifying a continuous exacerbation of damage and fracturing at each monitoring point throughout the monitoring period. In conclusion, the results of this study offer significant theoretical and practical value for employing infrared radiation technology to monitor water inrush from coal and rock in underground roadways.
{"title":"Exploring the evolution of infrared radiation characteristics in coal bodies under water pressure during tunnel excavation","authors":"Guanghui Cao , Liqiang Ma , Zezhou Guo , Qiang Ma , Qiangqiang Gao , Wei Liu , Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of sudden water hazards encountered during coal mine roadway excavation, infrared monitoring experiments were conducted on coal seam walls at water pressures of 0 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.4 MPa, and 0.6 MPa. This analysis focused on the infrared radiation characteristics of the coal under varying water pressures, with the aim of providing early warning indicators for potential water burst incidents. The results indicate that during the excavation process, the stress on the coal and rock at each monitoring point in the tunnel exhibits a continuous cyclical fluctuation, with slightly higher stress observed in areas of greater water pressure. At a water pressure of 0 MPa, the infrared thermal characteristics exhibit significant alterations, with a “O”-shaped high-temperature zone appearing in the central region. At a water pressure of 0.2 MPa, a strip-shaped low-temperature radiation differentiation phenomenon is observed in the upper half, with relatively stable change characteristics. Conversely, at 0.4 MPa, an anomalously high temperature is detected in small regions of the upper half, while at 0.6 MPa, a large area of temperature decline emerges, indicating that greater water pressure corresponds to more pronounced changes in the infrared thermal imagery. At a water pressure of 0 MPa, the average infrared radiation temperature (ΔAIRT) exhibits an initial increase followed by stabilization, indicating the occurrence of local shear failure. In contrast, under water pressure conditions, the overall ΔAIRT demonstrates a downward trend, which becomes more pronounced with increasing water pressure, indicating the presence of local tensile failure. At a water pressure of 0 MPa., the temperature range R of the coal body shows a decreasing trend over time. In contrast, under water pressure conditions, the temperature range R of the coal body exhibits an overall increasing trend over time, with a faster rate of increase at higher water pressures. This indicates that greater water pressure leads to increased instability in the coal and rock, resulting in a higher degree of disintegration. The Variance of successive minus infrared image temperature (VSMIT) displays varying degrees of exceeding threshold levels at different water pressures, with higher frequencies of exceedance observed at elevated pressures, indicating a more severe degree of damage and fracturing in the coal and rock. The fractal dimension (D) of the coal and rock consistently increases over time across different water pressures, with a larger D observed at higher pressures, signifying a continuous exacerbation of damage and fracturing at each monitoring point throughout the monitoring period. In conclusion, the results of this study offer significant theoretical and practical value for employing infrared radiation technology to monitor water inrush from coal and rock in underground roadways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105665"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105664
Lu Chen , Shuaifeng Yin , Longfei Chang , En Wang , Mingyuan Zhang , Dejian Li
To effectively identify the damage evolution of rock during mine excavation in a non-destructive method, the infrared thermography technology is considered for detecting the distribution and evolution of rock. In this paper, the uniaxial compressive experiments of red sandstone samples under different loading rates are conducted at 0.1 mm/min, 0.3 mm/min and 0.5 mm/min, and monitored by the infrared thermography. Firstly, the SRCNN algorithm is used to optimize the infrared thermograms of the samples. Secondly, the experimental results indicate that with the increase of loading rate from 0.1 mm/min to 0.5 mm/min, the time from peak stress to complete failure decreases by 83.19 %, while the compressive strength increases by 14.89 %. Thirdly, the standard deviation of infrared radiation temperature (ΔSIRT) was proposed as a new infrared precursor warning indicator, which is earlier than the average infrared radiation temperature. Furthermore, it is found that there is a power function relationship between the ΔSIRT and dissipation energy of samples under different loading rates. Based on this, the rock damage constitutive model under different loading rates is established.
{"title":"A damage evolution model of red sandstone under uniaxial compressive loading with different loading rates based on infrared thermography","authors":"Lu Chen , Shuaifeng Yin , Longfei Chang , En Wang , Mingyuan Zhang , Dejian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To effectively identify the damage evolution of rock during mine excavation in a non-destructive method, the infrared thermography technology is considered for detecting the distribution and evolution of rock. In this paper, the uniaxial compressive experiments of red sandstone samples under different loading rates are conducted at 0.1 mm/min, 0.3 mm/min and 0.5 mm/min, and monitored by the infrared thermography. Firstly, the SRCNN algorithm is used to optimize the infrared thermograms of the samples. Secondly, the experimental results indicate that with the increase of loading rate from 0.1 mm/min to 0.5 mm/min, the time from peak stress to complete failure decreases by 83.19 %, while the compressive strength increases by 14.89 %. Thirdly, the standard deviation of infrared radiation temperature (ΔSIRT) was proposed as a new infrared precursor warning indicator, which is earlier than the average infrared radiation temperature. Furthermore, it is found that there is a power function relationship between the ΔSIRT and dissipation energy of samples under different loading rates. Based on this, the rock damage constitutive model under different loading rates is established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105653
Lei Qi , Weipeng Chen , Shunda Qiao , Jiachen Jiang , Yiwei Shi , Yufei Ma
In this paper, a mid-infrared quasi-distributed carbon monoxide (CO) gas sensing based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and hollow waveguide (HWG) was proposed for the first time. Three micropores with a diameter of 200 μm were developed at three different locations of a HWG with a length of 30 cm. Three customized low-frequency quartz tuning forks (QTFs) with a resonant frequency of 8.7 kHz were used to detect the photoacoustic signals generated at the micropores to achieve quasi-distributed measurements of CO, which provides a new idea for monitoring the leakage of gas pipelines and so on. In order to improve the performance of the gas detection system, the strongest absorption line with CO located at 2179.77 cm−1 (4.58 µm) was selected as the target absorption line, and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) was used as the excitation source to achieve the detection of CO in the mid infrared spectral region. The experimental results show that all three QTFs have excellent concentration linear response to CO, and the minimum detection limit (MDL) of the three QTFs to CO were 2.40 ppm, 2.59 ppm, and 2.34 ppm, respectively. Finally, the experiment tested the response ability of three QTFs to different concentrations of CO at the same time. The results showed that for micropores with different concentrations, all three QTFs can detect their corresponding concentrations, which proves that the sensor can achieve quasi-distributed measurement.
{"title":"Mid-infrared quasi-distributed carbon monoxide gas sensing based on QEPAS and hollow waveguide","authors":"Lei Qi , Weipeng Chen , Shunda Qiao , Jiachen Jiang , Yiwei Shi , Yufei Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a mid-infrared quasi-distributed carbon monoxide (CO) gas sensing based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and hollow waveguide (HWG) was proposed for the first time. Three micropores with a diameter of 200 μm were developed at three different locations of a HWG with a length of 30 cm. Three customized low-frequency quartz tuning forks (QTFs) with a resonant frequency of 8.7 kHz were used to detect the photoacoustic signals generated at the micropores to achieve quasi-distributed measurements of CO, which provides a new idea for monitoring the leakage of gas pipelines and so on. In order to improve the performance of the gas detection system, the strongest absorption line with CO located at 2179.77 cm<sup>−1</sup> (4.58 µm) was selected as the target absorption line, and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) was used as the excitation source to achieve the detection of CO in the mid infrared spectral region. The experimental results show that all three QTFs have excellent concentration linear response to CO, and the minimum detection limit (MDL) of the three QTFs to CO were 2.40 ppm, 2.59 ppm, and 2.34 ppm, respectively. Finally, the experiment tested the response ability of three QTFs to different concentrations of CO at the same time. The results showed that for micropores with different concentrations, all three QTFs can detect their corresponding concentrations, which proves that the sensor can achieve quasi-distributed measurement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Undesired heat patterns detected via ultrasound-excited active thermography are observed and their origin is determined based on ultrasound propagation. Waves generated during the inspection of strip- and hollow cylindrical-shaped objects are investigated via experiments and numerical studies. The results show that the dominant waves propagating in the strip- and cylindrical-shaped objects are A0-mode Lamb waves and flexural-mode guided waves, respectively, and that the heat patterns are caused by standing waves generated by the propagation of the guided waves. The findings of this study should be fundamental knowledge to distinguish the temperature abnormalities caused by defects from undesired heat patterns and to improve the defect detection capability of ultrasound-excited thermography.
{"title":"Waves causing undesired heat pattern detected via ultrasound-excited active thermography","authors":"Masashi Ishikawa , Ryoto Maeda , Hideo Nishino , Masashi Koyama , Ryo Fukui","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Undesired heat patterns detected via ultrasound-excited active thermography are observed and their origin is determined based on ultrasound propagation. Waves generated during the inspection of strip- and hollow cylindrical-shaped objects are investigated via experiments and numerical studies. The results show that the dominant waves propagating in the strip- and cylindrical-shaped objects are A<sub>0</sub>-mode Lamb waves and flexural-mode guided waves, respectively, and that the heat patterns are caused by standing waves generated by the propagation of the guided waves. The findings of this study should be fundamental knowledge to distinguish the temperature abnormalities caused by defects from undesired heat patterns and to improve the defect detection capability of ultrasound-excited thermography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A computational model is developed for the regression rate of flare surface area to compute the IR intensity versus burn time for various configurations of flare pellets. 10 g of MTV composition filled in the diameter (Dia) 20 mm tube was fired to obtain Linear Burn Rate (LBR) and IR intensity in 1.8–2.6 µm and 3–5 µm waveband using Dual band radiometer. The calorific value in the Oxygen (O2) atmosphere was measured for the composition using the bomb calorimeter. Model I predicts the average emissivity of two different LBR pyrotechnic MTV compositions in two wavebands. Using computed data, Model II calculates the IR intensity versus burn time in each waveband for configurations of flare pellets of circular (Dia 26 and Dia 36 mm), square(1″×1″×8″) and rectangular (2″×”1″×8″) using shrinking core model coupled with IR intensity equations. Radiometric data were generated for the two compositions. The calculated data were found to be in close agreement with that of the radiometric data for peak IR intensity and burn time for various flare configurations. Radiometric studies along with computational prediction for modified MTV composition have been carried out for various configurations. The predicted data from the computational model has been supported with the prediction of the species chemical composition at equilibrium using the REAL Thermochemical code.
{"title":"A computational model for prediction of IR intensity and burn time of Magnesium-Teflon-Viton (MTV) based Infrared (IR) decoy flare of various configurations","authors":"Soujoy Debnath , Puspen Rej , Hitesh Kumar , Sunil Jain , Shaibal Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A computational model is developed for the regression rate of flare surface area to compute the IR intensity versus burn time for various configurations of flare pellets. 10 g of MTV composition filled in the diameter (Dia) 20 mm tube was fired to obtain Linear Burn Rate (LBR) and IR intensity in 1.8–2.6 µm and 3–5 µm waveband using Dual band radiometer. The calorific value in the Oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) atmosphere was measured for the composition using the bomb calorimeter. Model I predicts the average<!--> <!-->emissivity of two different LBR pyrotechnic MTV compositions in two wavebands.<!--> <!-->Using computed data, Model II<!--> <!-->calculates<!--> <!-->the IR intensity<!--> <!-->versus burn time in each waveband for configurations of flare pellets of<!--> <!-->circular (Dia 26 and Dia 36 mm), square(1″×1″×8″) and rectangular (2″×”1″×8″)<!--> <!-->using shrinking core model coupled with IR intensity equations. Radiometric<!--> <!-->data were generated for the two compositions. The calculated data were found to be in close agreement with that of the radiometric data for peak IR intensity and burn time<!--> <!-->for various flare configurations. Radiometric studies along with computational prediction for modified MTV composition have been carried out for various configurations. The predicted data from the computational model has been supported with the prediction of the species chemical composition at equilibrium using the REAL Thermochemical code.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105649
Yinghao Guo , Youchao Jiang , Jiao Gao , Wenqian Liu , Ya Shen , Wenhua Ren , Guobin Ren
A switchable multi-wavelength pulse fiber laser based on dual-Sagnac comb filter, nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) and a homemade mode selective coupler (MSC) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The dual-Sagnac comb filter and the NOLM are adopted as wavelength selective filter and saturable absorber (SA) in this work, respectively. This proposed fiber laser has a maximum output wavelength number of four. And the fiber laser can output multi-wavelength pulse lasers within a certain interval of the integer times of 1 nm and 1.9 nm. Moreover, when the pump power is 150 mW, the mode-locked fiber laser with the pulse repetition frequency of 120 MHz, a pulse duration of 4 ns and pulse interval of 8.3 ns have been realized via carefully adjusting the PC. And the fiber laser has a maximum output power of 226 μW under 300 mW pump power. In addition, the homemade MSC is utilized as mode converter to realize mode conversion up to LP31 and the mode purity is higher than 92 %. This work can find applications in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and the optical communication.
{"title":"Switchable multi-wavelength pulse fiber laser with mode conversion","authors":"Yinghao Guo , Youchao Jiang , Jiao Gao , Wenqian Liu , Ya Shen , Wenhua Ren , Guobin Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A switchable multi-wavelength pulse fiber laser based on dual-Sagnac comb filter, nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) and a homemade mode selective coupler (MSC) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The dual-Sagnac comb filter and the NOLM are adopted as wavelength selective filter and saturable absorber (SA) in this work, respectively. This proposed fiber laser has a maximum output wavelength number of four. And the fiber laser can output multi-wavelength pulse lasers within a certain interval of the integer times of 1 nm and 1.9 nm. Moreover, when the pump power is 150 mW, the mode-locked fiber laser with the pulse repetition frequency of 120 MHz, a pulse duration of 4 ns and pulse interval of 8.3 ns have been realized via carefully adjusting the PC. And the fiber laser has a maximum output power of 226 μW under 300 mW pump power. In addition, the homemade MSC is utilized as mode converter to realize mode conversion up to LP<sub>31</sub> and the mode purity is higher than 92 %. This work can find applications in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and the optical communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13549,"journal":{"name":"Infrared Physics & Technology","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 105649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105642
Jiapeng Li, Xue Wang
Dy2O3-doped tellurite-germanate glasses with an increase of GeO2/TeO2 ratio (TGZ) were synthesized and characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman, absorption, and emission spectra measurements. XRD spectra of Dy3+-doped TGZ glass confirmed the amorphous structure. The TGZ glass possess the higher anti-crystallization abilities than that of the pure tellurite glass. Raman spectroscopy showed that the amount of [TeO3] and [TeO3+1] units in the glass network were gradually decreased by increasing the ratio of GeO2 to TeO2. The result was further supported by the optical band gap energy of the TGZ glass. The luminescence intensity of the sample increased with an increase in GeO2 content and reached a maximum value at 10 mol%. The chromaticity coordinates of CIE 1931 were in the warm white light range, and the corresponding color temperature range was 3400 K–3600 K. The results showed that the addition of GeO2 to Dy3+-doped tellurite glass can improve the thermal stability and luminescence performance of the white light-emitting band.
合成了一种提高了GeO2/TeO2比（TGZ）的dy2o3掺杂碲锗酸盐玻璃，并通过x射线衍射（XRD）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、拉曼光谱、吸收光谱和发射光谱对其进行了表征。掺Dy3+的TGZ玻璃的XRD谱图证实了其非晶结构。TGZ玻璃具有比纯碲酸盐玻璃更高的抗结晶能力。拉曼光谱分析表明，随着GeO2与TeO2比例的增加，玻璃网络中[TeO3]和[TeO3+1]单元的数量逐渐减少。TGZ玻璃的光学带隙能进一步支持了这一结果。样品的发光强度随GeO2含量的增加而增加，在10 mol%时达到最大值。CIE 1931色度坐标在暖白光范围内，对应的色温范围为3400 K - 3600 K。结果表明，在Dy3+掺杂碲酸盐玻璃中加入GeO2可以改善其白光发光带的热稳定性和发光性能。
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