Inorganic Chemistry Communications最新文献

{"title":"Biomass-derived carbon dots as broad-spectrum adsorbents for industrial wastewater remediation","authors":"Varun Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Rajeev Kumar Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Pratima Vaidya ,&nbsp;Kumar Venkatesan ,&nbsp;Manickam Selvaraj ,&nbsp;Ankit Kachore ,&nbsp;Ekta Bala ,&nbsp;Hemant Singh ,&nbsp;Saima ,&nbsp;Praveen Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxic heavy metal ions (HMIs) released through industrial discharges continue to threaten environmental safety and human health, necessitating the development of cost-effective, sustainable, and efficient adsorbents. Within this framework, biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) offer a promising green solution due to their facile synthesis, abundant surface functionalities, and excellent biocompatibility. However, most reported carbon dot-based adsorbents with either organic or inorganic supports, have been applied using synthetic wastewater. The studies on plant-derived CDs, their green synthesis approaches for removal of multiple HMIs from real industrial effluents is less explored. Thus, there is a dire need for low-cost, sustainable biomass derived CDs for real wastewater treatment applications. This study reports a green, sustainable, novel, and cost-effective approach for synthesizing <em>Tinospora cordifolia</em>-derived carbon dots (CDs@TC) via a simple combustion-microwave-assisted method and demonstrates their application in heavy metal removal from real industrial wastewater. These CDs were characterized by UV–vis, fluorescence, FT-IR, EDS, zeta potential, HR-TEM, XRD, and XPS analyses. These analyses confirmed the size of CDs@TC to be 4.09 nm and rich in oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups. Adsorption experiments using ICP-OES technique revealed efficient removal of multiple heavy metal ions (HMIs), including lead (Pb) (84.06%), iron (Fe) (47.99%), copper (Cu) (74.86%), arsenic (As) (97.39%), zinc (Zn) (61.77%), and chromium (Cr) (90.50%), under optimized conditions. The adsorption mechanism involved ion exchange, surface complexation, electrostatic attraction, and physical adsorption. However, recovery remains a limitation due to the absence of magnetic or polymeric supports. This work highlights the potential of plant-derived CDs as scalable, and eco-friendly adsorbent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116280"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopolymer-stabilized selenium and selenium‑copper nanoparticles with antioxidant and photoprotective dual functionality","authors":"Maria de Fatima C. da Silva Neta ,&nbsp;Woodland de S. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Ari S. Guimarães ,&nbsp;Amanda G. da Veiga ,&nbsp;Angel Perez-Roldan ,&nbsp;Josue Carinhanha ,&nbsp;Cintya D. Angeles do E.S. Barbosa ,&nbsp;Jose L. Luque-Garcia ,&nbsp;Daniela S. Anunciação","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of multifunctional nanomaterials with antioxidant and photoprotective properties offers significant potential for cosmetic and biomedical applications. In this study, selenium (SeNPs) and selenium–copper (SeCuNPs) nanoparticles were synthesized via chemical reduction using chitosan (CHI) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as stabilizers. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed a spherical morphology, with mean sizes of 85.4 ± 20.2 nm (SeNPs_CHI) and 76.2 ± 12.0 nm (SeCuNPs_CHI), and significantly smaller sizes for PVA-stabilized formulations (34.3 ± 4.0 nm and 32.5 ± 5.8 nm, respectively). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of elemental selenium (Se⁰) and copper (Cu⁰) in the hybrid nanoparticles. All formulations exhibited potent antioxidant capacity, as demonstrated by ABTS^●+, DPPH^●, and FRAP assays, outperforming classical standards including Trolox®, ascorbic acid, and quercetin. In vitro sun protection factor (SPF) values were significantly higher than that of the commercial UV filter 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BZF-3), particularly for SeCuNPs_PVA. Additionally, the nanoparticles displayed excellent photostability under simulated solar irradiation, maintaining or improving SPF over time. These findings highlight the potential of selenium-based nanoparticles, especially hybrid SeCuNPs, as multifunctional agents with strong antioxidant and photoprotective activity, offering a promising platform for the development of next-generation dermocosmetic and biotechnological products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of the ternary nanocomposites based on the zinc oxide/magnesium oxide/gadolinium oxide for photocatalysis, and photobiology performances","authors":"L. Fatolahi ,&nbsp;Jameel M.A. Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Ahmed Aldulaimi ,&nbsp;Ali Fawzi Al-Hussainy ,&nbsp;Nasr Saadoun Abd ,&nbsp;Aneta Salova","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, ternary metal oxide nanocomposites have been developed as an attractive nanomaterial for the photocatalysis, and photobiology efficiencies due to their remarkable properties. The present work was investigated for the biosynthesis of the ternary nanocomposites based on the Zinc oxide/Magnesium oxide/Gadolinium oxide (ZnO/MgO/Gd₂O₃) by using the <em>Ocimum basilicum</em> L., and <em>Hyssopus officinalis</em> L. seed extracts. Different analytical techniques were used to determination structural of the prepared nanocomposites. XRD analysis presented the crystal phase of the prepared nanocomposites. FE-SEM images depicted the spherical form the prepared nanocomposites. UV–vis spectroscopy result shows the narrow band gap of the prepared nanocomposites about 2.7–2.9 eV. Moreover, the photocatalytic performance of the prepared nanocomposites was evaluated for the degradation of rhodamine B (pH = 10), and methyl orange (pH = 3). The findings depicted the highest potential of the ZnO/MgO/Gd₂O₃ nanocomposite as a substantial photocatalyst for water treatment performances. Also. The prepared nanocomposites show the highest antibacterial activity against <em>E. coli</em>, and <em>S. aurous</em> bacterial under UV light irradiation. This work is novel in demonstrating a green, seed-extract-mediated biosynthesis of ZnO/MgO/Gd₂O₃ ternary nanocomposites and revealing their dual high-efficiency photocatalytic and antibacterial performance under UV irradiation, linked to a narrowed band gap.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116277"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating corrosion inhibition studies with heavy metal ion detection using cholesteryl hemisuccinate","authors":"A. Arathi ,&nbsp;Srilatha Rao ,&nbsp;T. Aravinda ,&nbsp;G.K. Prashanth ,&nbsp;Narasimha Raghavendra","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research article aims to investigate the anti-corrosion performance and heavy metal ion detection using Cholesteryl hemisuccinate <em>(CHEMS)</em> mainly an amphiphilic molecule. For corrosion inhibition studies, electrochemical methods were utilized that showed inhibition efficiencies, maximum of 84.03% in 1 M HCl and 85.43% in 1 M H₂SO₄ at 80 ppm (<em>EIS</em> studies). A mixed type of inhibition, with a strong cathodic influence in 1 M HCl and a strong anodic influence in 1 M H₂SO₄ media as evaluated by <em>PDP</em> studies. The temperature-dependent measurements indicated that the adsorption of <em>CHEMS</em> on MS exhibited Langmuir adsorption behaviour in both acidic media. Surface morphology studies provided supporting evidence for the proposed inhibition mechanism. To understand further, the mechanism of inhibition, theoretical studies such as Density Function Theory (<em>DFT</em>) and Monte Carlo simulation (<em>MCS</em>) were conducted. The electrochemical sensing studies using <em>CHEMS</em>-modified glassy carbon electrode (<em>CHEMS-GCE</em>) provides ultra-high sensitivity, enabling the detection of Hg²⁺ions at low concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116245"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic erbium-doped copper ferrite nanoparticles: Facile synthesis, characterization, and application as an efficient heterogeneous reusable catalyst for cyclohexane oxidation","authors":"Nilima Maji,&nbsp;Suman Maji,&nbsp;Harmanjit Singh Dosanjh","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Erbium-doped copper ferrites with the compositions CuErₓFe_2-xO₄ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5) were synthesized via a sol–gel auto-combustion route using citric acid both as the fuel and chelating agent. The resulting nanoceramics were examined through a range of spectroscopic and analytical techniques to comprehensively evaluate their particle size, morphology, crystallinity, thermal behaviour, surface characteristics, and magnetic responses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of well-defined crystalline phases, revealing a tetragonal structure for the undoped sample and a gradual transition toward a cubic spinel structure with increasing Er³⁺ substitution. The lattice parameter was found to increase as more Er³⁺ ions were incorporated into the lattice. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectra exhibited the characteristic asymmetric stretching vibrations associated with the AB₂O₄ spinel framework. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) micrographs provided insight into the microstructure, while Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) verified the presence of the constituent elements and elemental mapping confirmed the uniform distribution of the elements in the synthesized samples. Thermal stability was confirmed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis of the rare-earth-doped samples displayed a type-IV isotherm with an evident hysteresis loop, indicating a mesoporous architecture. To study the valence states and energy levels of the structural elements present in CuFe₂O₄ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was conducted. Magnetic characterization through Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) further revealed well-defined hysteresis loops at room temperature, confirming ferromagnetic behaviour. With erbium substitution, coercivity increased whereas saturation magnetization decreased, attributed to the relatively weaker Er³⁺–Fe³⁺ exchange interactions compared with the stronger Fe³⁺–Fe³⁺ interactions in the undoped lattice. The catalytic performance of the nanoceramics was assessed in the oxidation of various substrates using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. Overall, the results indicated that the catalyst performed efficiently in promoting heterogeneous oxidation. Compared to the pure copper ferrite, the erbium doped ferrite specially the composition when x = 0.1 showed maximum selectivity and conversion. Furthermore, the catalyst was readily recoverable with the aid of an external magnet, and it retained its catalytic efficiency with no appreciable decline after six successive recycling runs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116248"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen transfer reaction of biomass derivate catalyzed by iridium (I) complexes containing PN and PNP ligands using formic acid as hydrogen source","authors":"Vicente López ,&nbsp;Sebastián Parra-Melipán ,&nbsp;Patricio Cancino ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Valdebenito ,&nbsp;Veronique Guerchais ,&nbsp;Henri Doucet ,&nbsp;Gabriel Abarca ,&nbsp;Pedro Aguirre","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The iridium(I) complexes [IrCl(COD)]₂ and IrCl(PPh₃)₃ (COD = 1, 5-cyclooctadiene) were evaluated as catalysts for the homogeneous transfer hydrogenation of furfural using formic acid as a sustainable hydrogen donor. Under mild conditions 100 °C, 60 min, substrate/catalyst = 500:1), the iridium(I) precursor reported conversions of 11% and 98% were obtained, respectively. The incorporation of phosphorus–nitrogen (N-(diphenylphosphino)-2-amino-pyridine (L₁), N-(diphenylphosphino)-2-amino-pyrimidine (L₂), 2-(diphenylphosphino)methyl-pyridine (L₄)) and nitrogen–phosphorus–nitrogen (<em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-bis(diphenylphosphino)-2, 6-diamino-pyridine (L₃),) ligands markedly enhanced activity, achieving complete conversion at substrate/catalyst ratios up to 3000:1. The active species [Ir(COD)(L)Cl] and [IrCl(PPh₃)(L)] (L = PN or NPN ligand) were formed <em>in situ</em> and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The best systems, [IrCl(COD)]₂ + 2 L₂ and IrCl(PPh₃)₃ + L₂, reached turnover frequencies (TOFs) of 1000 h⁻¹ and 7280 h⁻¹, respectively. These results demonstrate that PN-type ligands stabilize Ir<img>H intermediates and accelerate hydride transfer. This study demonstrates the potential of PN-modified Ir(I) catalytic systems as efficient and sustainable alternatives to conventional Ru-based catalysts for the selective transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural, highlighting their relevance in green and homogeneous catalysis, achieving complete conversion and &gt; 90% selectivity toward furfuryl alcohol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116237"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioresource-derived Propolis wrapping for ZnO/TiO₂ nanocomposites: A sustainable photo-antibiotic material","authors":"Ragini ,&nbsp;Shruti Devi ,&nbsp;Neetu Talreja ,&nbsp;Divya Chauhan ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Sahu ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ashfaq","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial infectious diseases are a global health concern nowadays. Even though several antibiotics have been developed and effectively treat various microorganisms. Moreover, the emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics due to excessive use poses a major threat to human health, thereby necessitating the development of next-generation antibiotic materials. In this aspect, the present study focuses on the synthesis of bioresource-derived resin-wrapped bimetallic (ZnO/TiO₂)-based nanocomposite by using bee propolis (BP) (ZBPT)-based photo-antibiotic materials. The particle size of the ZBPT-based photo-antibiotic materials significantly decreases with increasing Zn-metals within ZBPT. Interestingly, upon incorporation of Zn-metals, the band gap narrowed (from ∼3.40 eV to 2.52 eV), thereby achieving high photo-antibacterial efficiency. The synthesised ZBPT-based photo-antibiotic materials were tested against <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>) under both dark and light irradiation conditions. The ZBPT-based photo-antibiotic materials inhibited or killed ∼85% of bacterial strains within 24 h. In contrast, ZBPT-based photo-antibiotic materials inhibited ∼99.99% of bacteria within 5 min of solar irradiation by using ZBPT-3:1. Therefore, the synthesised ZBPT-based photo-antibiotic materials are facile, cost-effective and sustainable, with the potential to quickly remove or kill bacteria at the site of infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116270"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanozyme-based remediation of complex wastewater streams: a focus on emerging contaminants","authors":"Sunendu Nayak ,&nbsp;Surendra Hansdah ,&nbsp;Shushree Prachi Palai ,&nbsp;Goutam Chandra Malik ,&nbsp;Bhagirathi Singh ,&nbsp;Derek Fawcett ,&nbsp;Gerrard Eddy Jai Poinern ,&nbsp;Pankaj Kumar Parhi","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing prevalence of water pollution, driven by contaminants such as heavy metals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics, necessitates innovative approaches to wastewater treatment. Nanozymes-synthetic nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic properties - have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional enzymes due to their superior stability, tunable activity, and cost-effective production. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of nanozyme synthesis methods, including chemical, biological, green, and physical approaches, alongside their catalytic mechanisms such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and redox reactions. Applications of nanozymes in degrading organic pollutants, heavy metals, and emerging contaminants like microplastics are critically examined. This includes degradation of persistent and emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and microplastics, which pose significant challenges to conventional treatment methods. Special attention is given to metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as synergistic supports that enhance nanozyme performance through improved stability and pollutant specificity. Furthermore, the integration of nanozymes into existing wastewater treatment technologies is explored, highlighting their potential for scalability and environmental sustainability. While many challenges remain, regarding long-term environmental impacts and large-scale implementation, this review underscores the transformative potential of nanozymes in addressing global water pollution. By bridging the gap between fundamental research and practical applications, this study aims to inspire future innovations in sustainable water management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116268"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geopolymer-based catalyst for sustainable biodiesel production: A review","authors":"Sanghita Kangsa Banik,&nbsp;Saptarshi Roy,&nbsp;Md. Ahmaruzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating global reliance on fossil fuels, coupled with mounting environmental concerns and the pressing challenges of climate change, underscores the urgent necessity for renewable energy alternatives. This study spotlights the transformative potential of geopolymers as advanced inorganic materials with their zeolite-like architectures, adaptable morphologies, high strength, resistance to acids, and tuneable pore dimensions, delivering superior catalytic performance. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the state-of-the-art advancements in geopolymer-based catalysts for biodiesel production, positioning them as a cornerstone in the quest for sustainable energy solutions. This paradigm not only enhances production efficiency but also provides an innovative avenue for repurposing industrial waste. It systematically categorizes geopolymer materials based on precursor selection and the post-synthetic modification of parent geopolymers, alongside an in-depth discussion of the characterization techniques employed to investigate their structural, morphological, thermal stability, and acidic site properties. The stability of these materials is critically evaluated with particular emphasis on leaching behaviour and reusability. This study further investigates the impact of various reaction parameters on the catalytic performance, employing response surface methodology with special emphasis on central composite type experimental design for process optimization, together with detailed kinetic analysis and mechanistic insights into the (trans)esterification process. In addition, the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques is explored to refine process optimization and maximize biodiesel yield. An explicit comparative analysis of the catalytic performance of geopolymer-based systems both among themselves and relative to other catalysts has been presented. Finally, the advantages, existing setbacks, and future prospects are critically discussed, highlighting the transformative potential of geopolymer materials in advancing biodiesel production, presenting a promising path towards sustainable and efficient energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116218"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ambiguities in oxynitride chemistry: A perspective on urea-mediated synthesis","authors":"Anit Joseph ,&nbsp;Chithra Ashok ,&nbsp;Shotaro Tada ,&nbsp;Tiju Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxynitride materials have garnered considerable attention due to their unique properties, making them highly promising for applications in energy storage, catalysis, and other advanced technologies. The term <em>oxynitride</em> has long been used in materials chemistry to describe a wide range of compounds containing both oxygen (O²⁻) and nitrogen (N³⁻) anions. However, its precise definition remains ambiguous—whether it denotes a distinct single-phase compound, a mixture of oxide and nitride phases, or simply a doped material. Among various oxynitride synthesis methods, urea-based approaches stand out for their sustainability, cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and relatively low processing temperatures. These methods provide a unique chemical environment for incorporating nitrogen into oxygen-rich frameworks. In this perspective, we revisit the definition and classification of oxynitrides through the lens of urea-mediated synthesis. Issues such as difficulties in nitrogen incorporation, phase control, and the formation of undesirable byproducts are discussed in the context of their potential benefits. Additionally, it offers insights into how these challenges can be overcome, paving the way for the full realization of urea-assisted oxynitrides in various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13609,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Chemistry Communications","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 116267"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}