Pub Date : 2020-11-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-5-4-7
{"title":"News of Department of melioration","authors":"","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-5-4-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-5-4-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114796219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-24-29
A. Zhevnerov, Ravil Baybyekov, S. Belopuhov, A. Bochkarev
Variants of the compositions of a series of placers for visually blister colorimetric determination of phosphate ion concentrations in a blister cell (tablet for tablets) containing a mixture of reagents are proposed. The placers allow quantitative determination of the phosphate concentration in various objects without preliminary preparation of reagent solutions. The application of reagents to the surface of silica gel makes it possible to isolate all reagents until a chemical reaction occurs. The composition and conditions of deposition of crystalline substances – reagents capable of providing a sufficiently high acidity with the addition of a few drops of a solution and an optimal reducing agent for blister conditions were optimized. The visual colorimetric reaction is carried out under conditions when the volume of the added solution is 0.1–0.2 ml.
{"title":"Development of test placers for blister colorimetric analysis of phosphate ions","authors":"A. Zhevnerov, Ravil Baybyekov, S. Belopuhov, A. Bochkarev","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-24-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-24-29","url":null,"abstract":"Variants of the compositions of a series of placers for visually blister colorimetric determination of phosphate ion concentrations in a blister cell (tablet for tablets) containing a mixture of reagents are proposed. The placers allow quantitative determination of the phosphate concentration in various objects without preliminary preparation of reagent solutions. The application of reagents to the surface of silica gel makes it possible to isolate all reagents until a chemical reaction occurs. The composition and conditions of deposition of crystalline substances – reagents capable of providing a sufficiently high acidity with the addition of a few drops of a solution and an optimal reducing agent for blister conditions were optimized. The visual colorimetric reaction is carried out under conditions when the volume of the added solution is 0.1–0.2 ml.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121925095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-6-11
N. Dubenok, A. Gemonov, A. Lebedev
One of the possible ways to ensure safety is to use drip irrigation, which also improves the quality and productivity of crops. The aim of the work is to study the availability of moisture in the soil for the growth and development of cream seedlings grown in a fruit nursery in the conditions of the Non-Black Soil Zone of Russia. Research conducted on the lands of the educational experimental farm of the fruit-growing laboratory «Michurinsky Garden» of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in 2018 and 2019. The results of field experience indicate that for a more rational use of irrigation water and obtaining highquality vegetable oils in the nursery, it is recommended to use an irrigation regime with maintaining soil moisture in the range of 80–100 % lowest moisture capacity with a dredging depth of 30 cm in the first year and 40 cm in the second year.
{"title":"The effect of drip irrigation on the growth and development of plum seedlings in a nursery-garden in the conditions of the Central Non-Black Soil Region of Russia","authors":"N. Dubenok, A. Gemonov, A. Lebedev","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-6-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-6-11","url":null,"abstract":"One of the possible ways to ensure safety is to use drip irrigation, which also improves the quality and productivity of crops. The aim of the work is to study the availability of moisture in the soil for the growth and development of cream seedlings grown in a fruit nursery in the conditions of the Non-Black Soil Zone of Russia. Research conducted on the lands of the educational experimental farm of the fruit-growing laboratory «Michurinsky Garden» of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in 2018 and 2019. The results of field experience indicate that for a more rational use of irrigation water and obtaining highquality vegetable oils in the nursery, it is recommended to use an irrigation regime with maintaining soil moisture in the range of 80–100 % lowest moisture capacity with a dredging depth of 30 cm in the first year and 40 cm in the second year.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"396 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120930044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-2-5
G. Gulyuk
{"title":"Russian field day – school of excellence","authors":"G. Gulyuk","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123010963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-29-34
V. Slabunov, Aleksandra Slabunova, A. Kupriyanov
The aim of the research is to analyze the characteristics of experimental circular-type deflector nozzles installed as rain-forming devices on a new wide-grip circular sprinkler machine developed at the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «RosNIIPM» obtained during laboratory field trials. In this case, circular-type baffle nozzles with nozzle diameters, mm, were used: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. The maximum irrigation radius of a circulartype baffle nozzle (for various nozzle diameters) at a maximum pressure equal to 0.3 MPa lies in the range of 2.6–11.5 m. Processing of the experimental data made it possible to obtain the dependences of the irrigation radius of circular-type deflector nozzles on the head and nozzle diameter and average droplet diameter on nozzle and head flow rate, which will allow the selection of the necessary circular-type deflector nozzles at the installation height of 2.7 m Thus, the developed nozzles provide a uniform distribution of irrigation water over the irrigation area, and the average diameter of rain drops can be attributed to the fine-structured one, which ensures the fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements.
{"title":"Research characteristics of deflector attacks of circle type","authors":"V. Slabunov, Aleksandra Slabunova, A. Kupriyanov","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-29-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-29-34","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to analyze the characteristics of experimental circular-type deflector nozzles installed as rain-forming devices on a new wide-grip circular sprinkler machine developed at the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «RosNIIPM» obtained during laboratory field trials. In this case, circular-type baffle nozzles with nozzle diameters, mm, were used: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. The maximum irrigation radius of a circulartype baffle nozzle (for various nozzle diameters) at a maximum pressure equal to 0.3 MPa lies in the range of 2.6–11.5 m. Processing of the experimental data made it possible to obtain the dependences of the irrigation radius of circular-type deflector nozzles on the head and nozzle diameter and average droplet diameter on nozzle and head flow rate, which will allow the selection of the necessary circular-type deflector nozzles at the installation height of 2.7 m Thus, the developed nozzles provide a uniform distribution of irrigation water over the irrigation area, and the average diameter of rain drops can be attributed to the fine-structured one, which ensures the fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128439602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-34-40
B. Korzhenevskiy, G. Tolkachev, Nikolay Kolomiycev
The main criteria for assessing the content of heavy metals in sediments of water bodies. At present, the methodology for rationing pollutants in bottom sediments of surface watercourses is clearly not sufficiently developed. There are various and significantly different approaches to the assessment of soil contamination with heavy metals. The maximum permissible concentration (MAC), which is the main criterion for assessing the levels of pollution, is not perfect and needs to be significantly adjusted. A number of methodological assessments of contamination of bottom sediments with heavy metals with comparative characteristics are considered, of which a method for estimating the anthropogenic load on a reservoir according to its geo-classes has been proposed as one of the best. The gross content of heavy metals in bottom sediments of water bodies does not give a sufficient idea of the possibility of secondary pollution of water masses and, as a result, subsequent toxic effects. A much more important indicator is their content and distribution by forms of existence in the solid phase and pore solution of bottom sediments. As a consequence, this article develops a topic for estimating possible secondary pollution of water bodies by determining the content and distribution of TM by forms of existence in the solid phase and pore sediment solution.
{"title":"Main criteria for assessing the content of heavy metals in bottom sediments of water bodies","authors":"B. Korzhenevskiy, G. Tolkachev, Nikolay Kolomiycev","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-34-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-34-40","url":null,"abstract":"The main criteria for assessing the content of heavy metals in sediments of water bodies. At present, the methodology for rationing pollutants in bottom sediments of surface watercourses is clearly not sufficiently developed. There are various and significantly different approaches to the assessment of soil contamination with heavy metals. The maximum permissible concentration (MAC), which is the main criterion for assessing the levels of pollution, is not perfect and needs to be significantly adjusted. A number of methodological assessments of contamination of bottom sediments with heavy metals with comparative characteristics are considered, of which a method for estimating the anthropogenic load on a reservoir according to its geo-classes has been proposed as one of the best. The gross content of heavy metals in bottom sediments of water bodies does not give a sufficient idea of the possibility of secondary pollution of water masses and, as a result, subsequent toxic effects. A much more important indicator is their content and distribution by forms of existence in the solid phase and pore solution of bottom sediments. As a consequence, this article develops a topic for estimating possible secondary pollution of water bodies by determining the content and distribution of TM by forms of existence in the solid phase and pore sediment solution.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114707357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-18-23
E. Chernova, D. Kucher, E. Piven, N. Surikova
In the semi-desert zone of Kalmykia in 2016–2018 field experiments were conducted on growing in the unirrigated conditions of a promising grain-foraging culture – grain sorghum in three ways of basic soil treatment (drying plowing, flat-cut processing, disking). Analysis of the results of field observations of humidity and reserves of productive moisture in the soil at the depth of the root layer during vegetation allowed to justify the choice of varieties of grain sorghum and to identify the advantages of flat-cut soil treatment in saving moisture and its rational use by plants in the unirrigated conditions.
{"title":"Dynamics of the soil moisture and the soil moisture reserves when growing grain sorgo in Kalmykia","authors":"E. Chernova, D. Kucher, E. Piven, N. Surikova","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-18-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-18-23","url":null,"abstract":"In the semi-desert zone of Kalmykia in 2016–2018 field experiments were conducted on growing in the unirrigated conditions of a promising grain-foraging culture – grain sorghum in three ways of basic soil treatment (drying plowing, flat-cut processing, disking). Analysis of the results of field observations of humidity and reserves of productive moisture in the soil at the depth of the root layer during vegetation allowed to justify the choice of varieties of grain sorghum and to identify the advantages of flat-cut soil treatment in saving moisture and its rational use by plants in the unirrigated conditions.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126072903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-11-18
V. Boyko, A.Yu. Timohin
In the Omsk region in the 60s of the last century, the problems of providing animals with feeds led to large-scale work to strengthen the material and technical base of the reclamation complex. Over 20 years (1970 to 1990), the area of irrigated land increased from 4 to 115 thousand ha. According to the data of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Management Omskmeliovodkhoz in the Omsk Region as of December 31, 2017, arable lands are considered irrigated – 78864 hectares, while no more than 8 thousand hectares are actually irrigated. Almost 33 thousand hectares of this area cannot be restored for various reasons, and overhaul is required on an area of more than 34 thousand hectares. The reclamation industry is being restored thanks to the targeted subprogram «Development of Land Reclamation for Agricultural Land». This requires the coordinated work of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Omsk Region, agricultural producers and the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Management» Omskmeliovodkhoz «with scientific support for the industry. This requires the coordinated work of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Omsk Region, agricultural producers and the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Management «Omskmeliovodkhoz» with scientific support for the industry.
{"title":"Actual state and prospects of redevelopment of irrigated lands of Omsk region","authors":"V. Boyko, A.Yu. Timohin","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-11-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-4-11-18","url":null,"abstract":"In the Omsk region in the 60s of the last century, the problems of providing animals with feeds led to large-scale work to strengthen the material and technical base of the reclamation complex. Over 20 years (1970 to 1990), the area of irrigated land increased from 4 to 115 thousand ha. According to the data of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Management Omskmeliovodkhoz in the Omsk Region as of December 31, 2017, arable lands are considered irrigated – 78864 hectares, while no more than 8 thousand hectares are actually irrigated. Almost 33 thousand hectares of this area cannot be restored for various reasons, and overhaul is required on an area of more than 34 thousand hectares. The reclamation industry is being restored thanks to the targeted subprogram «Development of Land Reclamation for Agricultural Land». This requires the coordinated work of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Omsk Region, agricultural producers and the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Management» Omskmeliovodkhoz «with scientific support for the industry. This requires the coordinated work of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Omsk Region, agricultural producers and the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Management «Omskmeliovodkhoz» with scientific support for the industry.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128208684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-25DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-3-17-22
B. Kizyaev, S. Isaeva
Regions in the south of the European territory of Russia and Western Siberia are experiencing water scarcity. The lack of water resources takes place against the background of a decrease in total water use in the country’s economy and in irrigation. It is necessary to reduce unproductive water losses, improve irrigation and drainage systems and irrigation technologies. This will positively affect diffuse pollution and the ecological state of water bodies draining agricultural land. It is possible to expand the use of groundwater in conjunction with surface water for drinking water supply and irrigation. Requires consideration of the problem of territorial redistribution of river flow. It is necessary to review the main provisions of the organization of water management and create a unified water management structure for efficient water use in agriculture.
{"title":"To the question of agricultural water supply","authors":"B. Kizyaev, S. Isaeva","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-3-17-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-3-17-22","url":null,"abstract":"Regions in the south of the European territory of Russia and Western Siberia are experiencing water scarcity. The lack of water resources takes place against the background of a decrease in total water use in the country’s economy and in irrigation. It is necessary to reduce unproductive water losses, improve irrigation and drainage systems and irrigation technologies. This will positively affect diffuse pollution and the ecological state of water bodies draining agricultural land. It is possible to expand the use of groundwater in conjunction with surface water for drinking water supply and irrigation. Requires consideration of the problem of territorial redistribution of river flow. It is necessary to review the main provisions of the organization of water management and create a unified water management structure for efficient water use in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"71 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114011276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-25DOI: 10.32962/0235-2524-2020-3-28-32
M. Kadyrova
In article models are described experimental installation, the technique of carrying out and results of experimental researches of hydrodynamic interaction of a water containing shutter with flexible working bodies and a water drain part of unvaquum profile with a stream, are resulted the curve dependences received for definition of hydrodynamic pressure and co-ordinates of the centres of hydrodynamic pressure, a shutter operating on a water drain part, conclusions and the conclusion
{"title":"Research of hydrodynamic interaction of a water containing shutter with flexible working bodies with a stream","authors":"M. Kadyrova","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2020-3-28-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2020-3-28-32","url":null,"abstract":"In article models are described experimental installation, the technique of carrying out and results of experimental researches of hydrodynamic interaction of a water containing shutter with flexible working bodies and a water drain part of unvaquum profile with a stream, are resulted the curve dependences received for definition of hydrodynamic pressure and co-ordinates of the centres of hydrodynamic pressure, a shutter operating on a water drain part, conclusions and the conclusion","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131218152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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