International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation最新文献_第3页

Elucidating the dual effects of DOM from composted pig manure on Aliinostoc (Cyanobacteria): Convergence of positive and negative impacts 阐明堆肥猪粪DOM对蓝藻的双重影响：正面和负面影响的趋同

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106267

Qiong Yan, Congcong Wang, Yu Shu, Yuexi Jiang, Anwei Chen, Liang Peng, Si Luo, Jihai Shao

The complex composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) underlies its diverse biological effects on microorganisms. This study investigated the dual positive and negative effects of DOM derived from composted pig manure (CPM-DOM) on the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Aliinostoc sp. YYLX235. Physiological responses, including growth, photosynthesis, N₂-fixation, and antioxidative activity, were evaluated under CPM-DOM exposure (40–240 mg L⁻¹). After 2 days of exposure to CPM-DOM at concentrations ranging from 40 to 240 mg L⁻¹, the growth of Aliinostoc increased by 74.8 %–167.2 %, while its nitrogen-fixation activity was inhibited by 67.0 % and 87.4 % at CPM-DOM concentrations of 160 mg L⁻¹ and 240 mg L⁻¹, respectively. The temporal dynamics of phycobiliprotein content under CPM-DOM exposure exhibited an opposite trend to the electron transport efficiency of photosystem II (PS II). The combined effects of nutrient supplementation and allelopathy likely accounted for the complex physiological responses of Aliinostoc to CPM-DOM exposure. Certain toxic fractions in CPM-DOM, such as cysteinylglycine-containing substances, may bind to nitrogenase and PS II D1 protein, thereby interfering with their functions. CPM-DOM also reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, indicating an absence of oxidative stress. These results reveal concentration-dependent trade-offs between growth stimulation and metabolic inhibition, with significant implications for optimizing the co-application of composted pig manure fertilizers and diazotrophic cyanobacteria-based biofertilizers in rice cultivation.

溶解有机物（DOM）的复杂组成决定了其对微生物的多种生物学作用。研究了堆肥猪粪DOM （CPM-DOM）对重氮营养蓝藻Aliinostoc sp. YYLX235的正负双重影响。在CPM-DOM暴露（40-240 mg L−1）条件下，研究了植物的生理反应，包括生长、光合作用、氮固定和抗氧化活性。CPM-DOM浓度为40 ~ 240 mg L−1，处理2 d后，Aliinostoc的生长速度提高了74.8% ~ 167.2%，而固氮活性在CPM-DOM浓度为160 mg L−1和240 mg L−1时分别被抑制了67.0%和87.4%。CPM-DOM暴露下藻胆蛋白含量的时间动态与光系统II （PS II）的电子传递效率呈相反趋势。营养补充和化感作用的联合作用可能解释了Aliinostoc对CPM-DOM暴露的复杂生理反应。CPM-DOM中某些有毒组分，如含半胱氨酸甘氨酸的物质，可能与氮酶和PS II D1蛋白结合，从而干扰其功能。CPM-DOM还能减少活性氧（ROS）和脂质过氧化，表明不存在氧化应激。这些结果揭示了生长刺激和代谢抑制之间的浓度依赖权衡，对优化堆肥猪粪肥料和重氮营养蓝藻生物肥料在水稻栽培中的共同施用具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Temporal metabarcoding of a lignocellulolytic bacterial consortium unveils compositional, structural, and potential functional adaptations 木质纤维素分解细菌联合体的时间元条形码揭示了组成，结构和潜在的功能适应

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106266

Lucas Amoroso Lopes de Carvalho , Anna Carolina de Oliveira Souza , Camila Cesário Fernandes , Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos , Lúcia Maria Carareto Alves , Daniel Guariz Pinheiro

Lignocellulosic biomass is a key resource for sustainable energy, but its complex structure poses challenges for degradation. Microbial consortia offer a robust solution due to their collective metabolic capabilities; however, understanding their adaptation over time is crucial for optimizing industrial processes. This study investigated the temporal dynamics of a soil-derived bacterial consortium during early (2-week) and late (20-week) stages of exposure to a lignocellulosic substrate. Using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, we compared community composition, diversity, and predicted functional profiles across degradation time points (days 0, 5, and 10). Results revealed significant taxonomic shifts, with adaptive stage and degradation day explaining approximately 70 % of community variance (PCoA). Although both stages began with similar ASV richness (early: 287.33 ± 15.01; late: 286.67 ± 37.29), the early stage was characterized by the dominance of a few taxa, whereas the late stage presented greater evenness and a more balanced functional profile. This compositional reorganization occurred alongside a broadly conserved predicted functional potential, with over 96 % of predicted KEGG Orthologs (KOs) shared between stages, suggesting functional redundancy. Despite this conservation, 2215 KOs were differentially abundant, primarily within carbohydrate, amino acid, and xenobiotic metabolism pathways, with nearly 65 % becoming more abundant in the late stage. Our findings demonstrate that while taxonomic composition evolves, the predicted functional potential remains relatively stable, a key trait for developing resilient biotechnological applications.

木质纤维素生物质是可持续能源的关键资源，但其复杂的结构给降解带来了挑战。微生物联合体提供了一个强大的解决方案，由于他们的集体代谢能力；然而，了解它们随时间的适应性对于优化工业过程至关重要。本研究调查了暴露于木质纤维素底物的早期（2周）和后期（20周）土壤来源细菌联合体的时间动态。使用16S rRNA基因元条形码，我们比较了群落组成、多样性，并预测了降解时间点（第0、5和10天）的功能特征。结果显示了显著的分类学变化，适应阶段和退化日解释了大约70%的群落变异（PCoA）。虽然两个阶段的ASV丰富度相似（早期：287.33±15.01；晚期：286.67±37.29），但早期表现为少数类群的优势，而后期则表现出更大的均匀性和更平衡的功能剖面。这种组合重组与广泛保守的预测功能电位一起发生，超过96%的预测KEGG Orthologs （ko）在阶段之间共享，表明功能冗余。尽管存在这种保守性，但2215个KOs的丰度存在差异，主要是在碳水化合物、氨基酸和外源代谢途径中，其中近65%的KOs在后期变得更加丰富。我们的研究结果表明，虽然分类组成不断演变，但预测的功能潜力保持相对稳定，这是开发弹性生物技术应用的关键特征。

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引用次数: 0

Revealing the driving mechanism of efficient microbial degradation of aromatic compounds with phenol as co-substrate from gene transcription level 从基因转录水平揭示以苯酚为共底物的微生物高效降解芳香族化合物的驱动机制

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106265

Xingshe Liu , Qianfeng Yin , Lanxiang Zheng , Haobo He , Xinyun Wang

The excessive content of aromatic compounds was a key factor restricting the difficult discharge of various industrial wastewater. In this study, the microbial enhanced degradation characteristics of aromatic compounds were investigated with naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene were selected as representative, and phenol as co-substrate. Furthermore, the driving mechanisms of microbial-enhanced degradation of aromatic compounds were revealed from the perspectives of enzyme activity and gene transcription levels. The results indicated that the initiation degradation times for naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene were advanced by 4, 6 and 6 h, respectively, with phenol as co-substrate. Correspondingly, the metabolic rates increased by 56.63 %, 46.24 %, and 35.38 %, respectively. Further mechanism analysis showed that the initial dioxygenase NDO (Key enzymes catalyzing the preliminary oxidation of aromatic rings) activity increased by 1.25–1.89 fold and was expressed 12 h earlier due to the co-substrate. The expression of genes ubiH and ygiD encoding the key enzymes 2-octenyl-6-methoxyphenol hydroxylase and 4,5-DOPA exodiol dioxygenase related to degradation initiation was upregulated by 2.25–4.45 fold and 3.04–4.04 fold, respectively. Additionally, the expression of genes encoding key enzymes associated with further ring-opening cleavage—namely aldB, phdI, dmpB, catA, pht3, pht5, and ligA—was significantly upregulated, and the activities of C23O and C21O were markedly enhanced. Additionally, several genes related to carbohydrate, amino acid, and TCA cycle metabolism were found to be upregulated, effectively promoting the cooperation between various metabolic pathways and facilitating ATP synthesis, which provided more energy for microbial metabolism. Therefore, this study provided reliable theoretical basis for efficient degradation of aromatic compounds.

芳香族化合物含量超标是制约各类工业废水难以排放的关键因素。本研究以萘、菲、芘为代表，苯酚为共底物，研究了微生物对芳香族化合物的强化降解特性。此外，从酶活性和基因转录水平等方面揭示了微生物增强芳香族化合物降解的驱动机制。结果表明，以苯酚为共底物时，对萘、菲和芘的起始降解时间分别提前了4、6和6 h。相应的，代谢率分别提高了56.63%、46.24%和35.38%。进一步的机制分析表明，在共底物的作用下，初始双加氧酶NDO（催化芳香环初步氧化的关键酶）活性提高了1.25 ~ 1.89倍，表达时间提前了12 h。编码降解起始相关关键酶2-辛烯基-6-甲氧基酚羟化酶和4,5-多巴外二醇双加氧酶的基因ubiH和ygiD的表达分别上调2.25-4.45倍和3.04-4.04倍。此外，与进一步开环切割相关的关键酶编码基因aldB、phdI、dmpB、catA、pht3、pht5和liga的表达量显著上调，C23O和C21O的活性显著增强。此外，与碳水化合物、氨基酸和TCA循环代谢相关的几个基因被发现上调，有效地促进了各种代谢途径之间的合作，促进了ATP的合成，为微生物代谢提供了更多的能量。本研究为芳香族化合物的高效降解提供了可靠的理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Directed mycosorption enhanced by nanopowders: An innovative strategy for eliminating toxic metals during mushroom cultivation 纳米粉末增强的定向真菌吸附：在蘑菇培养过程中消除有毒金属的创新策略

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106253

Agata Krakowska , Małgorzata Suchanek , Ewa Niewiara , Tomasz Skalski , Bożena Muszyńska

This study presents a novel strategy combining the natural metal-accumulating capacity of selected mushrooms with the use of uniquely synthesized nanopowders possessing high sorption properties to achieve targeted mycosorption. Using six mushroom species and six nanopowders, including TiO₂, Fe₂O₃, and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) variants doped with neodymium, we assessed metal uptake (Mg, Zn, Cd, Pb) and desorption under conditions simulating gastric digestion. Results showed over 90 % accumulation of elements by mushrooms and nanopowders, with nanopowders effectively retaining toxic metals without desorption, thereby reducing their bioavailability in a digestive model. Surface morphology and pore characteristics were analyzed to elucidate sorption efficiency. Our findings demonstrate the potential of combining selective mushroom cultivation with nanopowder application to enhance functional food safety and quality.

本研究提出了一种新的策略，将选定蘑菇的天然金属积累能力与使用独特合成的具有高吸附性能的纳米粉末相结合，以实现靶向真菌吸附。利用六种蘑菇和六种纳米粉末，包括掺杂钕的TiO2、Fe2O3和钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ），我们在模拟胃消化的条件下评估了金属的吸收（Mg、Zn、Cd、Pb）和解吸。结果表明，蘑菇和纳米粉末积累了90%以上的元素，纳米粉末有效地保留了有毒金属而不解吸，从而降低了它们在消化模型中的生物利用度。分析表面形貌和孔隙特征来阐明吸附效率。我们的研究结果表明，将选择性蘑菇培养与纳米粉末应用相结合，可以提高功能性食品的安全性和质量。

引用次数: 0

Resolving the mummification enigma of Baroness Zsófia Serédy-Andrássy (1663–1710?) entombed in Krásna Hôrka Castle, Slovakia 斯洛伐克Krásna Hôrka城堡出土的男爵夫人Zsófia Serédy-Andrássy（1663-1710 ?）木乃伊之谜解开

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106256

Monika Huraiová , Stanislava Milovská , Adrián Biroň , Rastislav Milovský , Vratislav Hurai , Hana Vojtková , Michaela Dörnhöferová , Silvia Bodoriková

Microbiological investigations of skin, hair, and intra-corporeal tissue of the mummified body of Zsófia Serédy-Andrássy, who had been laid to rest in a glass coffin in the Krásna Hôrka Castle in southeastern Slovakia, revealed necrobiome dominated by the phylum Firmicutes followed by representatives of the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Optically visible bright-to-yellow mineral precipitates on the skin and organs are dominated by potassium sulphate (the mineral arcanite), with a minor admixture of chlorides (probably halite). Only a very rare calcium carbonate has been identified on the hair surface. The high concentrations of potassium in both tissue and hair, together with the ³⁴S-rich isotope compositions of keratin sulphur (δ³⁴S = 11.6–11.7‰ CDT) and skin leachate (δ³⁴S = 7.1–8.5‰ CDT), suggest either the excessive use of K₂SO₄ during medical treatment or intentional embalming – the first such documented case in Europe for the period. Biogenic microbial or fungal origin of essentially pure K₂SO₄ is highly unlikely. The high residual levels of non-excreted salts, combined with the dry microclimatic environment of church crypt, resulted in the body mummification and crystallization of potassium sulphate on the skin surface and internal organs. The commonly accepted conjecture regarding the natural mummification of Zsófia's corpse, which is believed to be caused by calcium hydrogen carbonate or calcium bicarbonate-rich drip water and subsequent desiccation, should be rejected.

在斯洛伐克东南部Krásna Hôrka城堡的玻璃棺材中，对木乃伊Zsófia Serédy-Andrássy的皮肤、头发和体内组织进行了微生物学调查，发现坏死菌群以厚壁菌门为主，其次是放线菌门和变形菌门的代表。皮肤和器官上可见光可见的亮至黄色矿物沉淀主要由硫酸钾（矿物隐石）和少量氯化物（可能是盐岩）组成。在毛发表面只发现了一种非常罕见的碳酸钙。组织和头发中的高浓度钾，以及角蛋白硫（δ34S = 11.6-11.7‰CDT）和皮肤渗出液（δ34S = 7.1-8.5‰CDT）的富34s同位素组成表明，要么是在医疗过程中过量使用K2SO4，要么是故意防腐——这是该时期欧洲第一个有记录的此类案例。纯K2SO4的生物源微生物或真菌来源是极不可能的。高残留的非排泄盐，加上教堂地窖干燥的小气候环境，导致尸体木乃伊化，皮肤表面和内脏器官的硫酸钾结晶。普遍接受的关于Zsófia尸体自然木乃伊化的猜想，被认为是由碳酸氢钙或富含碳酸氢钙的滴水和随后的干燥引起的，应该被拒绝。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-resolved metagenomics of a neotropical wastewater treatment plant reveals community-wide metal and biocide-resistance genes and the diversity of phosphate-accumulating and denitrifying bacteria 新热带污水处理厂的基因组解析宏基因组学揭示了整个社区的金属和杀菌剂抗性基因以及磷酸盐积累和反硝化细菌的多样性

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106258

Bradd Mendoza-Guido , Valeria Castro-Camacho , Andrea Quesada-Gonzalez , Luz Chacón , Mary Luz Barrios-Hernandez

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) rely on complex microbial communities to remove nutrients and contaminants, yet tropical systems remain poorly characterized. This study applied genome-resolved metagenomics to investigate the taxonomic composition, functional potential, and adaptive traits of activated sludge from a domestic neotropical WWTP. From six sludge samples sampled across two different seasons in Costa Rica (rainy and dry), we reconstructed 177 non-redundant metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), of which 62 % were high-quality (90 % completeness and less 5 % contamination). Biocide and metal resistance genes (BMRGs) were widespread, particularly in Actinomycetia and Gammaproteobacteria, reflecting adaptation to selective environmental pressures. We identified 64 potential phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), 78 denitrifying bacteria (DBs), and 32 denitrifying PAOs (DPAOs), with some MAGs showing negative correlations with effluent nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, indicating roles in nutrient removal. While complete denitrification pathways were observed, nitrification genes were only partially recovered, underscoring both the limitations of metagenome-assembled genomes and the underrepresentation of some genetic variants in databases. Additionally, a high-quality MAG affiliated with Candidatus (Ca.) Accumulibacter clade IIF exhibited genomic divergence from known species, suggesting the presence of a potential novel lineage of this relevant genus. These findings demonstrate that tropical activated sludge harbors both well-known and novel taxa with key metabolic capacities, along with diverse adaptive traits to environmental stressors. Collectively, this study expands current knowledge of microbial diversity and functional potential in tropical WWTPs and provides a framework for future research aimed at improving wastewater treatment in underexplored regions.

污水处理厂（WWTPs）依靠复杂的微生物群落来去除营养物质和污染物，但热带系统的特征仍然很差。本研究应用基因组解析宏基因组学研究了国内新热带污水处理厂活性污泥的分类组成、功能潜力和适应特性。从哥斯达黎加两个不同季节（雨季和旱季）采集的六个污泥样本中，我们重建了177个非冗余宏基因组组装基因组（MAGs），其中62%是高质量的（完整性90%，污染低于5%）。杀菌剂和金属抗性基因（BMRGs）广泛存在，特别是在放线菌和γ变形菌中，反映了对选择性环境压力的适应。我们鉴定出64种潜在的磷酸盐积累生物（PAOs）， 78种反硝化细菌（DBs）和32种反硝化PAOs (DPAOs)，其中一些MAGs与出水氮和磷浓度呈负相关，表明它们在去除营养物中起作用。虽然观察到完整的反硝化途径，但硝化基因仅部分恢复，这强调了宏基因组组装基因组的局限性以及数据库中某些遗传变异的代表性不足。此外，与Candidatus (Ca.) Accumulibacter分支IIF相关的高质量MAG显示出与已知物种的基因组差异，表明该相关属存在潜在的新谱系。这些发现表明，热带活性污泥中既有已知的，也有具有关键代谢能力的新分类群，以及对环境胁迫的多种适应特征。总的来说，这项研究扩展了目前对热带污水处理厂微生物多样性和功能潜力的了解，并为未来旨在改善未开发地区废水处理的研究提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Screening and identification of a heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying strain Priestia megaterium S1A: Analysis of nitrogen removal pathway based on whole-genome sequencing 异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌株Priestia megaterium S1A的筛选与鉴定：基于全基因组测序的脱氮途径分析

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106254

Yanyan Du , Pan Luo , Yingchun Lu , Yuqin Liu , Bo Xu , Guihong Lan , Haiyan Qiu

This study investigates the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HNAD) characteristics of Priestia megaterium S1A, a Gram-positive bacterium isolated from environmental samples. The strain was obtained from lake water and its surrounding environment (30°49′36″N, 104°11′6″E, Mengxi Lake, SWPU, Chengdu, China) and demonstrated significant removal capabilities for NH₄⁺-N, NO₃⁻-N, and NO₂⁻-N. Through single-factor optimization experiments, the strain exhibited efficient removal of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N under aerobic conditions, achieving removal efficiencies of 89.75 % and 98.47 % within 12 h, respectively. Enzyme activity assays confirmed the presence of hydroxylamine oxidase (HAO, 0.00218 U/mg protein), nitrate reductase (NAP, 0.0123 U/mg protein), and nitrite reductase (NIR, 0.0123 U/mg protein) in the strain. Whole-genome analysis (genome length: 5,755,804 bp; average GC content: 37.6 %) identified 18 nitrogen metabolism-associated genes (e.g., narK, nirBD, nos). This analysis revealed that the strain exhibits synergistic nitrogen removal capabilities through two distinct pathways: the assimilatory pathway (NO₃⁻ → NO₂⁻ → NH₄⁺ → L-glutamine → L-glutamate) and the HNAD pathway (NH₄⁺ → NH₂OH → NO₃⁻ → NO₂⁻ → NO → N₂O → N₂).

本研究研究了从环境样品中分离的革兰氏阳性细菌——巨型Priestia megaterium S1A的异养硝化-好氧反硝化（HNAD）特性。该菌株来自中国成都西南水学院蒙溪湖湖水及其周围环境（30°49′36″N, 104°11′6″E），对NH4+-N、NO3−-N和NO2−-N具有显著的去除能力。通过单因素优化实验，该菌株在好氧条件下对NH4+-N和NO3−-N的去除率分别达到89.75%和98.47%。酶活性测定证实该菌株存在羟胺氧化酶（HAO， 0.00218 U/mg蛋白）、硝酸盐还原酶（NAP， 0.0123 U/mg蛋白）和亚硝酸盐还原酶（NIR， 0.0123 U/mg蛋白）。全基因组分析（基因组长度：5,755,804 bp，平均GC含量：37.6%）鉴定出18个氮代谢相关基因（例如，narK, nirBD, nos）。结果表明，该菌株通过两种不同的途径协同脱氮：同化途径（NO3−→NO2−→NH4+→l -谷氨酰胺→l -谷氨酸）和HNAD途径（NH4+→NH2OH→NO3−→NO2−→NO→N2O→N2）。

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引用次数: 0

Identification and screening of acid-secreting bacterial strains isolated from limestone of the Longmen Grottoes monuments 龙门石窟石灰岩产酸菌的鉴定与筛选

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106255

Lu Wang , Chaolong Ma , Fasi Wu , Xiaobo Liu

Stone cultural heritage exposed to outdoor conditions often suffers from microbially derived biodeterioration processes. Although modern culture-independent approaches have expanded our understanding of the community and function of cultural heritage microbiomes, studies on the isolation and identification of microbial biodeteriogens and their biodeterioration processes affecting stone heritage are still necessary. Here, we isolated 56 bacterial strains from the deteriorated limestone monuments of the Longmen Grottoes and identified 21 potential bacterial strains with significant deteriorating capabilities through limestone dissolution laboratory tests. These bacterial strains showed their biodeteriogenic action by lowering the pH of the surrounding environment by secreting organic acids and/or sulfuric acid, which then dissolved calcium and/or magnesium carbonates of the limestone. Based on the abundance distribution in the biodeteriorated areas sampled and their biodeterioration ability in laboratory tests, three types of biodeteriogenic bacterial strains, including acidophilic (e.g., Buttiauxella gaviniae), methyl-oxidizing (e.g., Methylorubrum populi), and sulfur-oxidizing (Paracoccus sulfuroxidans) were identified and considered as potential representative biodeteriogens. Their biodeterioration mechanisms primarily include CaCO₃ solubilization caused by biogenic organic and inorganic acids on the limestone monuments of the Longmen Grottoes. The findings will improve our understanding of mechanisms underpinning microbial biodeterioration processes of stone monuments and expand the microbial biodeteriogen database for stone heritage conservation.

暴露在室外条件下的石质文化遗产经常遭受微生物引起的生物变质过程。尽管现代文化无关的方法扩大了我们对文化遗产微生物群落和功能的理解，但对微生物微生物的分离和鉴定及其影响石头遗产的生物降解过程的研究仍然是必要的。本研究从变质的龙门石窟石灰岩古迹中分离出56株细菌，并通过石灰岩溶蚀实验鉴定出21株具有显著降解能力的潜在细菌。这些细菌菌株通过分泌有机酸和/或硫酸来降低周围环境的pH值，从而溶解石灰石中的钙和/或碳酸镁，从而显示出其生物降解作用。根据采样的生物退化地区的丰度分布及其在实验室试验中的生物退化能力，确定了三种类型的生物降解菌株，包括嗜酸菌（如butiauxella gaviniae）、甲基氧化菌（如methyllorubrum populi）和硫氧化副球菌（Paracoccus sulfurrooxidans），并认为它们可能是具有代表性的生物降解菌。它们的生物变质机制主要包括生物源性有机酸和无机酸对龙门石窟石灰岩遗迹的CaCO3增溶作用。这一发现将提高我们对石碑微生物降解过程机制的理解，并为石碑保护扩展微生物降解数据库。

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引用次数: 0

Nano-bioremediation of used engine oil using glycolipid-producing Pseudomonas azotoformans and Zinc–Selenium nanoparticles: A synergistic green approach 利用产生糖脂的偶氮假单胞菌和锌硒纳米颗粒对废旧机油进行纳米生物修复：一种协同绿色方法

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106248

Kumar Kowsalya , Irfan Ahmad , Mohd Saeed , Anahas Perianaika Matharasi Antonyraj , Narayanaswamy Tamilselvan

This study introduces a novel nano-bioremediation strategy integrating a glycolipid-type biosurfactant–producing bacterium, Pseudomonas azotoformans KMVKT08, with biosynthesized zinc–selenium (Zn–Se) nanoparticles for the efficient degradation of used engine oil. The glycolipid biosurfactant exhibited a high emulsification index (E₂₄ = 78 ± 2 %) and reduced surface tension to 28.6 ± 0.5 mN m⁻¹, significantly enhancing hydrocarbon solubilization and bioavailability. The Zn–Se nanoparticles, characterized by XRD, FT-IR, and TEM (average particle size 42 ± 5 nm), catalyzed oxidative reactions and generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) that facilitated hydrocarbon chain cleavage. The combined system achieved a 91.3 ± 2.1 % degradation efficiency, as quantified by GC–MS peak-area integration (p < 0.05), transforming long-chain hydrocarbons such as octadecane and anthracene into low-molecular-weight fatty acids and alcohols. Enzymatic assays revealed significantly higher activities of monooxygenase (0.86 ± 0.04 U·mg⁻¹) and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (0.73 ± 0.05 U·mg⁻¹) compared with treatments (p < 0.05), confirming the enzyme-mediated oxidative mechanism. This synergistic integration of biosurfactant-mediated solubilization and nanoparticle-assisted catalytic oxidation represents a sustainable, potentially scalable, and environmentally benign approach for restoring hydrocarbon-contaminated soils and wastewater, marking a significant advancement in green bioremediation technology and providing a promising direction for future large-scale environmental applications. This green technology advances climate-resilient pollution management in alignment with SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and SDG 13 (Climate Action).

本研究介绍了一种新型的纳米生物修复策略，该策略将一种糖脂型生物表面活性剂产生细菌——偶氮形成假单胞菌KMVKT08与生物合成的锌硒（Zn-Se）纳米颗粒结合在一起，用于高效降解废旧机油。糖脂类生物表面活性剂具有较高的乳化指数（E24 = 78±2%），表面张力降至28.6±0.5 mN m−1，显著提高了烃类的增溶性和生物利用度。通过XRD、FT-IR和TEM对纳米Zn-Se进行了表征（平均粒径为42±5 nm），其催化氧化反应并产生活性氧（ROS），促进了烃链的裂解。经GC-MS峰面积积分（p < 0.05）量化，该组合体系的降解效率为91.3±2.1%，可将长链烃（如十八烷和蒽）转化为低分子量脂肪酸和醇。酶学分析显示，与处理相比，单加氧酶（0.86±0.04 U·mg−1）和儿茶酚2,3-双加氧酶（0.73±0.05 U·mg−1）活性显著提高（p < 0.05），证实了酶介导的氧化机制。这种生物表面活性剂介导的增溶和纳米颗粒辅助的催化氧化的协同整合代表了一种可持续的、潜在的可扩展的、环境友好的方法，用于修复碳氢化合物污染的土壤和废水，标志着绿色生物修复技术的重大进步，并为未来大规模的环境应用提供了一个有希望的方向。这种绿色技术推进了气候适应型污染管理，符合可持续发展目标9（工业、创新和基础设施）和可持续发展目标13（气候行动）。

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引用次数: 0

Cleaner aquaculture through bioremediation: Using Bacillus probiotics to reduce nitrogenous waste and enhance fish welfare in intensive Labeo rohita culture 通过生物修复清洁水产养殖：利用益生菌芽孢杆菌减少含氮废物，提高罗希塔Labeo集约化养殖中的鱼类福利

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106252

Suraj Kumar , Tanmoy Choudhury , Supratim Malla , Himadri Saha , Dibyendu Kamilya , Shivbhajan Chandravanshi , Prasenjit Pal

This study evaluated the bioremediation efficiency and health-promoting potential of three Bacillus probiotics- Bacillus subtilis COFCAU_BSP3, B. velezensis COF_AHE01, and B. amyloliquefaciens COFCAU_P1- by assessing their ability to remove ammonia-N and nitrite-N from simulated pond water and their effects on welfare indicators in Labeo rohita cultured under a high-stocking, no-water-exchange system. Among the tested strains, B. subtilis COFCAU_BSP3 exhibited the highest nitrogen removal capability, achieving up-to 74.47 % ammonia-N and 41.01 % nitrite-N removal at 1 × 10⁸ CFU/mL, and was therefore selected for subsequent in vivo evaluation. Tolerance assays indicated that this strain was resilient across a range of environmental conditions, performing optimally at pH 7.0 and 30 °C, and tolerating moderate levels of ammonia-N (up to 32 mg/L) and nitrite-N (optimal at 8 mg/L). Subsequently, a 30-day in vivo trial was conducted to assess the effects of B. subtilis COFCAU_BSP3 supplementation, administered at 10-day intervals, on L. rohita fingerlings. The probiotic treated group effectively reduced ammonia-N by 50 % and nitrite-N by 52.63 % while increasing nitrate-N levels by 1.9-fold, indicating enhanced nitrification. Treated fish showed improved innate immune responses (p < 0.05), including elevated superoxide anion, myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and antiprotease activities. Biochemical analysis revealed, reduced glucose levels and increased plasma protein and globulin concentrations in the blood. Additionally, gut enzymatic activity was enhanced, particularly protease (3.08 fold) and amylase (4.5 fold) activities. Gene expression analysis showed significant upregulation of HSP70 (2.3 fold) and TNF-α (3 fold) on day 30, suggesting improved stress tolerance and immune activation. Overall, these findings highlight B. subtilis COFCAU_BSP3 as a promising water probiotic for sustainable aquaculture, offering potential benefits in water quality management, fish health, and system resilience under intensive culture conditions.

本研究通过评估3种益生菌芽孢杆菌枯草芽孢杆菌COFCAU_BSP3、B. velezensis COF_AHE01和B.解淀粉芽孢杆菌COFCAU_P1-对模拟池塘水中氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除能力，以及在高放养、无换水系统下对罗希塔Labeo福利指标的影响，评价了它们的生物修复效率和健康促进潜力。其中，枯草芽孢杆菌COFCAU_BSP3在1 × 108 CFU/mL下的氨氮去除率最高，达到74.47%，亚硝酸盐去除率达到41.01%，因此被选中进行后续的体内评价。耐受性测试表明，该菌株在一系列环境条件下具有弹性，在pH 7.0和30°C时表现最佳，并且耐受中等水平的氨氮（高达32 mg/L）和亚硝酸盐氮（最佳为8 mg/L）。随后，进行了一项为期30天的体内试验，以评估每隔10天补充枯草芽孢杆菌COFCAU_BSP3对罗希塔乳杆菌鱼种的影响。益生菌处理组氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮分别降低了50%和52.63%，硝态氮水平提高了1.9倍，硝化作用增强。处理过的鱼表现出改善的先天免疫反应（p < 0.05），包括超氧阴离子、髓过氧化物酶、溶菌酶和抗蛋白酶活性升高。生化分析显示，血糖水平降低，血浆蛋白和球蛋白浓度升高。肠道酶活性显著提高，尤其是蛋白酶（3.08倍）和淀粉酶（4.5倍）活性。基因表达分析显示，HSP70和TNF-α在第30天显著上调（2.3倍）和3倍)，表明应激耐受性和免疫激活能力得到改善。总之，这些发现强调枯草芽孢杆菌COFCAU_BSP3是一种有前景的可持续水产养殖水益生菌，在水质管理、鱼类健康和集约养殖条件下的系统恢复能力方面具有潜在的益处。

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引用次数: 0