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Graphene Quantum Dots: Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential 石墨烯量子点:绿色合成、表征以及抗氧化和抗菌潜力
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2626006
Pooja Kadyan, Ponnusamy Thillai Arasu, S. K. Kataria
Antibiotic resistance is becoming more common, emphasising the demand for novel antibacterial treatments. The current investigation describes the green synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) using M. indica leaves and characterization via Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. The results showed that GQDs are spherical in shape. In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial studies indicate that the biological efficacy of synthesized GQDs was higher than the ethanolic leaf extract. GQDs exhibited the highest scavenging efficacy with lowest IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value. However, antimicrobial study showed more inhibitory activity of GQDs against all screened microorganisms, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungi, i.e., Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. Graphene quantum dots facilitate reactive oxygen species (ROS) which ultimately lead to antioxidant and antibacterial activity. This approach would provide an efficient alternate method for tackling microorganisms.
抗生素耐药性正变得越来越普遍,这凸显了对新型抗菌疗法的需求。本研究介绍了利用籼米叶绿色合成石墨烯量子点(GQDs),并通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)进行表征。结果表明,GQDs 呈球形。体外抗氧化和抗菌研究表明,合成的 GQDs 的生物功效高于乙醇叶提取物。GQDs 的清除效果最高,IC50(半最大抑制浓度)值最低。然而,抗菌研究表明,石墨烯量子点对所有筛选的微生物(即金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌和绿脓杆菌)以及真菌(即黑曲霉和黄曲霉)具有更强的抑制活性。石墨烯量子点可促进活性氧(ROS),最终产生抗氧化和抗菌活性。这种方法将为解决微生物问题提供一种有效的替代方法。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of Roughness, Morphology, and Wettability Characteristics of Biopolymer Composite Coating on SS 316L for Biomedical Applications. 研究用于生物医学应用的 SS 316L 生物聚合物复合涂层的粗糙度、形态和润湿性特征。
IF 3 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS Pub Date : 2024-01-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5568047
Hanaa A Al-Kaisy, Basma H Al-Tamimi, Qahtan A Hamad, Mayyadah S Abed

This project aims to create a 316L stainless steel coated with a biocomposite based on chitosan for use in the biomedical industry. To completely coat the material, the dip-coating technique was used to apply plain chitosan, chitosan nanosilver, chitosan biotin, and chitosan-nanosilver-biotin in that order. This coating's surface morphology was investigated with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Surface roughness, average size distribution, and 2D and 3D surface tomography were all investigated using scanning probe microscopy and atomic force microscopy (SPM and AFM). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique was used to quantify changes in functional groups. To evaluate the coated samples' wettability, contact angle measurements were also performed. The chitosan (CS) + nanosilver, CS + biotin, and CS + biotin + nanosilver-coated 316L stainless steel showed roughness values of about 8.68, 4.21, and 3.3 nm, respectively, compared with the neat chitosan coating, which exhibits 12 nm roughness, indicating a strong effect of biotin and nanosilver on surface topography whereas the coating layers were homogenous, measuring around 33 nm in thickness. For CS + nanosilver and CS + biotin, the average size of agglomerates was approximately 444 nm and 355 nm, respectively. The coatings showed adequate wettability for biomedical applications, were homogeneous, and had no cracks. Their contact angles were around 51-75 degrees. All of these results point to the composite coating's intriguing potential for use in biological applications.

本项目旨在制造一种涂有壳聚糖生物复合材料的 316L 不锈钢,用于生物医学行业。为了完全涂覆该材料,采用了浸涂技术,依次涂覆纯壳聚糖、壳聚糖纳米银、壳聚糖生物素和壳聚糖-纳米银-生物素。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)研究了这种涂层的表面形态。扫描探针显微镜和原子力显微镜(SPM 和 AFM)对表面粗糙度、平均粒度分布以及二维和三维表面层析进行了研究。傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱技术用于量化官能团的变化。为了评估涂层样品的润湿性,还进行了接触角测量。壳聚糖 (CS) + 纳米银、CS + 生物素和 CS + 生物素 + 纳米银涂层 316L 不锈钢的粗糙度值分别约为 8.68、4.21 和 3.3 nm,而纯壳聚糖涂层的粗糙度值为 12 nm,这表明生物素和纳米银对表面形貌有很强的影响,而涂层是均匀的,厚度约为 33 nm。对于 CS + 纳米银和 CS + 生物素,团聚体的平均尺寸分别约为 444 nm 和 355 nm。涂层显示出足够的生物医学应用润湿性,均匀且无裂纹。它们的接触角约为 51-75 度。所有这些结果都表明,这种复合涂层在生物应用方面具有引人入胜的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Synergistic Effects of SDS and H2O2 Combinations on Tracheal Scaffold Development: An In Vitro Study Using Goat Trachea SDS 和 H2O2 组合对气管支架发育的协同效应:使用山羊气管进行的体外研究
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6635565
Dhihintia Jiwangga, F. Mahyudin, Gondo Mastutik, Estya Nadya Meitavany, Juliana, P. A. Wiratama
Currently, a tissue-engineered trachea has been popularly used as a biological graft for tracheal replacement in severe respiratory diseases. In the development of tissue-engineered tracheal scaffolds, in vitro studies play a crucial role in allowing researchers to evaluate the efficacy and safety of scaffold designs and fabrication techniques before progressing to in vivo or clinical trials. This research involved the decellularization of goat trachea using SDS, H2O2, and their combinations. Various quantitative and qualitative assessments were performed, including histological analysis, immunohistochemistry, and biomechanical testing. Hematoxylin and eosin staining evaluated the cellular content, while safranin O-fast green and Masson’s trichrome staining assessed glycosaminoglycan content and collagen distribution, respectively. The immunohistochemical analysis focused on detecting MHC-1 antigen presence. Tensile strength measurements were conducted to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the decellularized scaffolds. The results demonstrated that the combination of SDS and H2O2 for goat tracheal decellularization yielded scaffolds with minimal cellular remnants, low toxicity, preserved ECM, and high tensile strength and elasticity. This method holds promise for developing functional tracheal scaffolds to address severe respiratory diseases effectively.
目前,组织工程气管已被广泛用作严重呼吸系统疾病的气管替代生物移植物。在组织工程气管支架的开发过程中,体外研究起着至关重要的作用,研究人员可以通过体外研究评估支架设计和制造技术的有效性和安全性,然后再进行体内或临床试验。这项研究使用 SDS、H2O2 及其组合对山羊气管进行脱细胞处理。研究人员进行了各种定量和定性评估,包括组织学分析、免疫组化和生物力学测试。血色素和伊红染色评估了细胞含量,而黄绿素 O-快绿染色和马森三色染色则分别评估了糖胺聚糖含量和胶原分布。免疫组化分析侧重于检测 MHC-1 抗原的存在。拉伸强度测量用于评估脱细胞支架的生物力学特性。结果表明,结合使用 SDS 和 H2O2 对山羊气管进行脱细胞处理可获得细胞残留极少、毒性低、ECM 保存完好、拉伸强度和弹性高的支架。这种方法有望开发出功能性气管支架,有效解决严重的呼吸系统疾病。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Evaluation of an Eco-Friendly Hand Sanitizer Formulation Valorized from Fruit Peels 开发和评估利用果皮制成的环保洗手液配方
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2516233
J. Verma, R. Mishra, A. Mazumdar, R. Singh, N. S. El-Gendy
Hand sanitizer usage has proven to be a common and practical method for reducing the spread of infectious diseases which can be caused by many harmful pathogens. There is a need for alcohol-free hand sanitizers because most hand sanitizers on the market are alcohol-based, and regular use of them can damage the skin and can be hazardous. India is the world’s largest producer of fruits and one of the major problems after fruit consumption is their peels, causing waste management problems and contributing to the formation of greenhouse gases leading to air pollution and adding to the problem of climate change. Valorization of such wastes into other value-added products and their incorporation into formulations of eco-friendly alcohol-free hand sanitizers would solve these issues, save the environment, benefit the society, and help in achieving the sustainable development goals. Thus, this research focuses on formulating an effective natural alcohol-free hand sanitizer that harnesses the antimicrobial properties of the various types of bioactive components found in fruit peels of pomegranate, sweet lime, and lemon. The peel extracts and the formulated sanitizer proved considerable antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic Escherichia coli and hand microflora. Molecular docking was also applied to examine ligand-protein interaction patterns and predict binding conformers and affinity of the sanitizer phytocompounds towards target proteins in COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia viruses. The binding affinities and the protein-ligand interactions virtual studies revealed that the sanitizer phytocompounds bind with the amino acids in the target proteins’ active sites via hydrogen bonding interactions. As a result, it is possible to formulate a natural, alcohol-free hand sanitizer from fruit peels that is effective against pathogenic germs and viruses using the basic structure of these potential findings.
事实证明,使用洗手液是减少由多种有害病原体引起的传染病传播的一种常见而实用的方法。由于市场上的大多数洗手液都是含酒精的,经常使用会损伤皮肤并造成危害,因此需要不含酒精的洗手液。印度是世界上最大的水果生产国,水果消费后的一个主要问题是果皮,这会造成废物管理问题,并形成温室气体,导致空气污染,加剧气候变化问题。将这些废物转化为其他高附加值产品,并将其纳入生态友好型无酒精洗手液的配方中,可以解决这些问题,保护环境,造福社会,并有助于实现可持续发展目标。因此,本研究的重点是利用石榴、甜酸橙和柠檬果皮中各种生物活性成分的抗菌特性,配制出一种有效的天然无酒精洗手液。事实证明,果皮提取物和配制的消毒剂对致病性大肠杆菌和手部微生物具有相当强的抗菌活性。此外,还应用分子对接法研究了配体与蛋白质的相互作用模式,并预测了消毒植物化合物与 COVID-19、流感和肺炎病毒中目标蛋白质的结合构象和亲和力。结合亲和力和蛋白质-配体相互作用虚拟研究表明,消毒植物化合物通过氢键相互作用与目标蛋白质活性位点的氨基酸结合。因此,有可能利用这些潜在发现的基本结构,从果皮中配制出一种天然、不含酒精的洗手液,这种洗手液能有效抵抗病原菌和病毒。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Grinding and Sorting Particle Size on Phytochemical Yield in Dipterocarpus alatus Leaf Extract. 研磨和分选粒度对白千层叶提取物中植物化学成分产量的影响
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-12-22 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4512665
Kritsadang Senawong, Somporn Katekaew, Suchat Juntahum, Kittipong Laloon

The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of grinding (pretreatment) with a pin mill on the crude extract yields of Dipterocarpus alatus (Yang-Na) leaves. A factorial design in a completely randomized design was conducted to study the combinational effects of sieve sizes (1.0, 1.5, and 3.0 mm) and feed rates (1.0, 1.5, and 3.0 kg min-1), examining the interaction of parameters for grinding oven-dried Yang-Na leaves. Ethanol extraction initially evaluated the influence of Yang-Na leaf powder with diverse particle sizes. When sorting particle size, the crude extract yield increased as the particle size decreased, with 0.038-0.150 mm particles yielding the highest extraction, although yields decline when the particle size is lower than 0.038 mm. The average particle sizes, production capacity, and fineness modulus all exhibited a significant decrease as the sieve size and feeding rate were reduced, while the specific energy consumption showed an inversely proportional relationship with these parameters. Intriguingly, the crude extract yield remained independent of the average particle size. Notably, the highest yield (14.79 g kg-1) was derived from a 0.31 mm average particle size, ground with a 1.5 mm sieve and a 3 kg min-1 feeding rate. This suggests that the pretreatment, involving both grinding conditions and sorting size, has an impact on the performance of the extraction process. However, this study offers an energy-efficient alternative, advocating for using average particle sizes without prior sorting, streamlining the extraction process while maintaining substantial yields. These insights underline the crucial influence of particle size and grinding techniques, advancing our understanding of efficient herbal extraction techniques for industrial applications.

本研究的主要目的是调查针磨机研磨(预处理)对杨那双戟叶粗萃产量的影响。研究采用完全随机设计的因子设计,研究了筛孔尺寸(1.0、1.5 和 3.0 毫米)和进料速率(1.0、1.5 和 3.0 千克/分钟-1)的组合效应,考察了各参数在研磨烘干的杨-楠树叶时的交互作用。乙醇萃取初步评估了不同粒度的杨那叶粉的影响。在对粒径进行分类时,粗提取物的产量随着粒径的减小而增加,0.038-0.150 毫米的颗粒提取物产量最高,但当粒径小于 0.038 毫米时产量下降。平均粒度、生产能力和细度模量都随着筛孔尺寸和进料速度的减小而显著减小,而比能耗则与这些参数成反比关系。耐人寻味的是,粗提取物的产量仍然与平均粒度无关。值得注意的是,平均粒径为 0.31 毫米、用 1.5 毫米筛子研磨、进料速度为 3 千克/分钟的粗提物产量最高(14.79 克/千克-1)。这表明,预处理(包括研磨条件和分选粒度)对提取过程的性能有影响。不过,这项研究提供了一种节能的替代方法,主张使用平均粒度,而无需事先分选,这样既简化了萃取过程,又保持了可观的产量。这些见解强调了颗粒大小和研磨技术的重要影响,推动了我们对工业应用中高效草药提取技术的理解。
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引用次数: 0
The Potential Therapeutic Effects of Platelet-Derived Biomaterials on Osteoporosis: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence 血小板衍生生物材料对骨质疏松症的潜在治疗效果:当前证据综述
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9980349
Mohammad Amin Amiri, Nima Farshidfar, R. Miron, Arkadiusz Dziedzic, S. Hamedani, Sajad Daneshi, L. Tayebi
Osteoporosis is a chronic multifactorial condition that affects the skeletal system, leading to the deterioration of bone microstructure and an increased risk of bone fracture. Platelet-derived biomaterials (PDBs), so-called platelet concentrates, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), have shown potential for improving bone healing by addressing microstructural impairment. While the administration of platelet concentrates has yielded positive results in bone regeneration, the optimal method for its administration in the clinical setting is still debatable. This comprehensive review aims to explore the systemic and local use of PRP/PRF for treating various bone defects and acute fractures in patients with osteoporosis. Furthermore, combining PRP/PRF with stem cells or osteoinductive and osteoconductive biomaterials has shown promise in restoring bone microstructural properties, treating bony defects, and improving implant osseointegration in osteoporotic animal models. Here, reviewing the results of in vitro and in vivo studies, this comprehensive evaluation provides a detailed mechanism for how platelet concentrates may support the healing process of osteoporotic bone fractures.
骨质疏松症是一种影响骨骼系统的慢性多因素疾病,导致骨骼微观结构恶化,骨折风险增加。血小板衍生生物材料(PDBs),即所谓的血小板浓缩物,如富血小板血浆(PRP)和富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF),已显示出通过解决微结构损伤来改善骨愈合的潜力。虽然给药血小板浓缩物在骨再生方面取得了积极的结果,但在临床环境中给药的最佳方法仍然存在争议。本综述旨在探讨全身和局部应用PRP/PRF治疗骨质疏松症患者的各种骨缺损和急性骨折。此外,将PRP/PRF与干细胞或骨诱导和骨传导生物材料结合在骨质疏松动物模型中显示出恢复骨微结构特性,治疗骨缺损和改善种植体骨整合的前景。本文回顾了体外和体内研究的结果,为血小板浓缩物如何支持骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程提供了详细的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Vanadium Pentoxide Nanoparticles Doped ZnO: Physicochemical, Optical, Dielectric, and Photocatalytic Properties 五氧化二钒纳米颗粒掺杂氧化锌:物理化学、光学、介电和光催化特性
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4602374
I. Massoudi, R. Hamdi, A. Rached, Zainah A. AlDhawi, Fatimah M. Alobaidan, Hawra M. Alhamdan, Ghadeer A. Almohammed Ali, Fatimah E. Almuslim, Amor Ben Ali
In this work, vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles (V2O5) derived by the chemical coprecipitation route were used to synthesize various vanadium-doped ZnO nanocomposite samples via the standard solid-state reaction process. The effect of V2O5 nanoparticles on the physicochemical properties of ZnO was discussed. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy. A diffuse reflectance spectroscopic approach is described to determine the bandgap energy (Eg) of the samples. The dielectric and photocatalytic characteristics are also examined. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared materials was tested under visible light using methylene blue (MB) as a pollutant dye model. As a result, it is found that the addition of V2O5 enhances the photodegradation of MB. The kinetics of the photodegradation reaction was found to follow a pseudo-first-order model.
本研究利用化学共沉淀法制备的五氧化二钒纳米颗粒(V2O5),通过标准固态反应工艺合成了各种掺钒氧化锌纳米复合材料样品。讨论了 V2O5 纳米粒子对氧化锌理化性质的影响。制备的样品通过 X 射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散光谱和紫外可见光谱进行了表征。其中描述了一种漫反射光谱方法,用于确定样品的带隙能 (Eg)。此外,还考察了介电和光催化特性。以亚甲基蓝(MB)为污染染料模型,测试了所制备材料在可见光下的光催化性能。结果发现,V2O5 的加入增强了 MB 的光降解能力。光降解反应动力学遵循伪一阶模型。
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引用次数: 0
Inhibition and Reduction of Biofilm Production along with Their Antibiogram Pattern among Gram-Negative Clinical Isolates. 革兰氏阴性临床分离株生物膜产生的抑制和减少及其抗生素谱图。
IF 3 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS Pub Date : 2023-11-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6619268
Ojaswee Shrestha, Nabina Shrestha, Sadhana Khanal, Sushant Pokhrel, Sujina Maharjan, Tika Bahadur Thapa, Puspa Raj Khanal, Govardhan Joshi

Background: Bacterial biofilm is a significant virulence factor threatening patients, leading to chronic infections and economic burdens. Therefore, it is crucial to identify biofilm production, its inhibition, and reduction. In this study, we investigated biofilm production among Gram-negative isolates and assessed the inhibitory and reduction potential of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) towards them. In addition, we studied the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the Gram-negative isolates.

Methods: Bacterial isolation and identification was done using standard microbiological techniques, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline, 28th edition. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates, and β-lactamase production was tested via the combination disk method. Biofilm formation was detected through the tissue culture plate (TCP) method. Different concentrations of EDTA and DMSO were used to determine their inhibitory and reduction properties against the biofilm. Both inhibition and reduction by the various concentrations of EDTA and DMSO were analyzed using paired t-tests.

Results: Among the 110 clinical isolates, 61.8% (68) were found to be multidrug resistant (MDR). 30% (33/110) of the isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, 14.5% (16/110) were metallo-β-lactamase (MBL), and 8% (9/110) were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) producers. Biofilm formation was detected in 35.4% of the isolates. Biofilm-producing organisms showed the highest resistance to antibiotics such as cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and carbapenem. The inhibition and reduction of biofilm were significantly lower (p < 0.05) for 1 mM of EDTA and 2% of DMSO.

Conclusion: Isolates forming biofilm had a higher resistance rate and β-lactamase production compared to biofilm nonproducers. EDTA and DMSO were found to be potential antibiofilm agents. Hence, EDTA and DMSO might be an effective antibiofilm agent to control biofilm-associated infections.

背景:细菌生物膜是威胁患者的重要毒力因子,可导致慢性感染和经济负担。因此,确定生物膜的产生、抑制和还原是至关重要的。在这项研究中,我们研究了革兰氏阴性菌株的生物膜生产,并评估了乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)对它们的抑制和还原潜力。此外,我们还研究了革兰氏阴性菌株的耐药模式。方法:按照临床与实验室标准协会(CLSI)第28版指南,采用标准微生物学技术进行细菌分离和鉴定。采用Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法测定菌株的药敏模式,采用联合纸片法测定菌株β-内酰胺酶产量。采用组织培养板(TCP)法检测生物膜的形成。用不同浓度的EDTA和DMSO测定其对生物膜的抑制和还原性能。采用配对t检验分析不同浓度EDTA和DMSO的抑制和还原作用。结果:110株临床分离株中,61.8%(68株)发现多重耐药(MDR)。其中30%(33/110)为广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)产生菌,14.5%(16/110)为金属β-内酰胺酶(MBL)产生菌,8%(9/110)为肺炎克雷伯菌碳青霉烯酶(KPC)产生菌。在35.4%的分离菌中检测到生物膜形成。产膜生物对头孢菌素、氯霉素、庆大霉素和碳青霉烯类抗生素的耐药性最高。结论:与未形成生物膜的菌株相比,形成生物膜的菌株具有更高的耐药率和β-内酰胺酶产量。EDTA和DMSO是潜在的抗膜剂。因此,EDTA和DMSO可能是一种有效的生物膜抗菌剂来控制生物膜相关感染。
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引用次数: 0
Production of Single-Cell Oil from a Local Isolate Bacillus subtilis Using Palm Fronds. 用棕榈霜从本地分离的枯草芽孢杆菌生产单细胞油。
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8882842
Wassan Dawood Musa Al-Obeidi, Dhafer F Al-Rawi, Loay H Ali

This study, conducted at the Department of Biology, University of Anbar, Iraq, focuses on addressing the escalating issue of contamination and aims to acquire microbial oils to alleviate the global shortage in plant and animal oil production, utilizing environmental waste as a carbon source to reduce global pollution and select efficient local bacterial isolates of Bacillus subtilis for the production of single-cell oil (SCO) using local soil and environmental waste as a carbon source. Four isolates were selected as the best in producing single-cell oil, with the isolate with code C4 standing out as it recorded the highest production. It is worth noting that all these isolates belong to the bacteria type Bacillus subtilis. Palm fronds were found to be the most suitable environmental residue for SCO production compared to other waste materials (wheat straw and wheat bran). Submerged cultures were used to improve SCO production, with optimal conditions determined as pH 7, a temperature of 30°C, carbon source concentration of 3 g/100 ml, inoculum volume of 3 ml/100 ml, inoculum density of 20 × 107 cells, and an incubation period of 72 hours. The Soxhlet extraction method was used to obtain the oil, which was found to contain high percentages of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid (46.030%) and palmitoleic acid (16.579%). The oil was highly soluble in chloroform and ethanol but insoluble in water. The saponification test indicated the potential for soap production from the oil. This comprehensive research addresses the need for locally sourced and sustainable SCO production, offering insights into the selection of efficient bacterial isolates, the optimization of cultivation conditions, and the valuable properties of the resulting SCO. The significance of this study lies in the production of single-cell oil from soil-isolated Bacillus subtilis bacteria for use in food applications.

这项研究在伊拉克安巴尔大学生物系进行,重点是解决不断升级的污染问题,旨在获取微生物油,以缓解全球动植物油生产短缺的问题,利用环境废物作为碳源来减少全球污染,并选择有效的枯草芽孢杆菌本地菌株用于利用本地土壤和环境废物作为炭源生产单细胞油(SCO)。四个分离株被选为单细胞油产量最高的分离株,其中编码C4的分离株产量最高。值得注意的是,所有这些分离物都属于枯草芽孢杆菌。与其他废料(麦秆和麦麸)相比,棕榈叶是最适合SCO生产的环境残留物。使用浸没培养物来提高SCO的产量,确定最佳条件为pH 7、温度30°C、碳源浓度3 g/100 ml,接种量为3 ml/100 ml,接种密度为20 × 107 细胞,潜伏期为72 小时。采用索氏提取法得到该油,发现其含有高百分比的不饱和脂肪酸,特别是亚油酸(46.030%)和棕榈油酸(16.579%)。该油在氯仿和乙醇中高度溶解,但不溶于水。皂化试验表明该油具有生产肥皂的潜力。这项全面的研究解决了对本地来源和可持续的上合组织生产的需求,为高效菌株的选择、培养条件的优化以及由此产生的上合组织的宝贵特性提供了见解。本研究的意义在于从土壤分离的枯草芽孢杆菌中生产用于食品应用的单细胞油。
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引用次数: 0
Citric Acid Catalyst-Assisted Bioactive Glass with Hydrogen Peroxide for In Vitro Bioactivity and Biodegradability Using Sol-Gel Method. 用溶胶-凝胶法研究柠檬酸催化剂辅助过氧化氢生物活性玻璃的体外生物活性和生物降解性。
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-10-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9911205
Tsion Chuni Aklilu, Bethelhem Gashaw Ewnete, Kena Dachasa, Kanate Sanbaba, Demeke Tesfaye, Tadele Hunde Wondimu, Jung Yong Kim, Ketema Tafess Tulu, Shimelis Lemma, Balisa Mosisa Ejeta, Fetene Fufa Bakare

In this study, carbon-free and completely soluble hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was utilized in place of conventional surfactants as a pore-forming agent. Citric acid was also used in low concentration for the hydrolysis reaction. A sol-gel method was used to prepare bioactive glass (BG) specimens of H2O2-untreated BG, 1M, 2M, and 3M H2O2-treated BGs. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method were used for analyzing the samples' phase, surface morphology, chemical composition, constituent composition, pore size, and specific surface area respectively. In vitro bioactivity, as well as biodegradability tests, was performed on samples by immersing them in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. According to the results, BG particles treated with 2 M H2O2 exhibited higher specific surface area (SSA), which is 189.55 cc/g, and better in vitro bioactivity and biodegradability.

在本研究中,使用无碳且完全可溶的过氧化氢(H2O2)代替传统的表面活性剂作为成孔剂。柠檬酸也以低浓度用于水解反应。使用溶胶-凝胶法制备H2O2未处理的BG、1M、2M和3M H2O2处理的BG的生物活性玻璃(BG)样品。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、能量色散光谱(EDS)和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)法对样品的相、表面形貌、化学组成、成分组成、孔径和比表面积进行了分析。通过将样品浸入模拟体液(SBF)溶液中,对样品进行体外生物活性和生物降解性测试。结果表明,用2M H2O2处理的BG颗粒表现出更高的比表面积(SSA),为189.55 cc/g,具有较好的体外生物活性和生物降解性。
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International Journal of Biomaterials
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