Pub Date : 2018-12-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14066
S. Nwozo, Tochukwu Emmanuel Modeme, Stanley Udogadi Nwawuba
The aim of this study is to evaluate the co-administration of aqueous leaf extracts of Momordica charantia and Boerhaavia diffusa on Streptozotocin induced Diabetes in Male Wistar Rats. A total of 36 male wistar rats between the weights of 100-120g were divided into six (6) groups (n=6), five (5) groups received I.P. Streptozotocin (60mg/kg) and the remaining group served as the normal control. Rats body weights, blood sugar levels, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, key liver enzymes, enzymatic antioxidant and liver tissue histology were examined using standard procedures and the results demonstrated that, administration of leaf extract of M.charantia, B.diffusa and particularly co-administration of M.charantia+B.diffusa significantly p<0.05 aided weight reduction, lowered blood sugar levels, enhanced the levels of liver enzymes and antioxidant parameters. Thus, M.charantia and B.diffusa are excellent therapeutic candidates for the management of diabetes mellitus and its related complication.
{"title":"Evaluation of Momordica charantia, Boerhaavia diffusa and Cotreatment on Streptozotocin induced Diabetes in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"S. Nwozo, Tochukwu Emmanuel Modeme, Stanley Udogadi Nwawuba","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14066","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to evaluate the co-administration of aqueous leaf extracts of Momordica charantia and Boerhaavia diffusa on Streptozotocin induced Diabetes in Male Wistar Rats. A total of 36 male wistar rats between the weights of 100-120g were divided into six (6) groups (n=6), five (5) groups received I.P. Streptozotocin (60mg/kg) and the remaining group served as the normal control. Rats body weights, blood sugar levels, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, key liver enzymes, enzymatic antioxidant and liver tissue histology were examined using standard procedures and the results demonstrated that, administration of leaf extract of M.charantia, B.diffusa and particularly co-administration of M.charantia+B.diffusa significantly p<0.05 aided weight reduction, lowered blood sugar levels, enhanced the levels of liver enzymes and antioxidant parameters. Thus, M.charantia and B.diffusa are excellent therapeutic candidates for the management of diabetes mellitus and its related complication.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78053844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14057
A. Olowoyeye, O. Osukoya, T. Obafemi, J. A. Akinyemi, O. Molehin
The aim of this study is to determine the ameliorative effects of methanolic extract of Platycerium angolence (MEPA)on aluminium chloride (AlCl3)-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Rats were randomly separated into five groups containing four rats each. Group 1 serves as the control group and received normal saline, group 2 rats were administered with 100 mg/kg body weight of AlCl3 orally for 28 days to induce neuronal damage, while groups 3 and 4 rats received 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of MEPA for 7days after induction of neuronal damage by AlCl3 for 28 days. Group 5 rats were administered donepezil drug (0.2 mg/kg) which served as reference drug. Behavioural study such as elevated plus maze, Y-maze and open field tests were investigated on the rats. Biochemical assays such as lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase activities, and metal concentration in the whole brain homogenates were estimated using standard procedures. Results revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the memory index (MI), lipid peroxidation of animals in the AlCl3 group when compared with the control and the MEPA treated groups. The significant (p<0.05) decrease on lipid peroxidation MEPA was dose dependent. The acetylcholinesterase activities observed in the brain of 250 mg/kg (0.49 μmol acetylcholine/hr/mg protein) group and 500 mg/kg of extract (0.66 μmol acetylcholine/hr/mg protein) has comparative effect with the group treated with the standard drug donepezil when compared with AlCl3 induced group (1.31 μmol acetylcholine/hr/mg protein). This study revealed that both doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg of MEPA has ameliorative potential against AlCl3-induced neurotoxicity in rats but 500 mg/kg of the extract shows better protection.
{"title":"Effect of Methanolic Extract of Platycerium angolence on Aluminium Chloride-induced Neurotoxicity in Rats","authors":"A. Olowoyeye, O. Osukoya, T. Obafemi, J. A. Akinyemi, O. Molehin","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14057","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the ameliorative effects of methanolic extract of Platycerium angolence (MEPA)on aluminium chloride (AlCl3)-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Rats were randomly separated into five groups containing four rats each. Group 1 serves as the control group and received normal saline, group 2 rats were administered with 100 mg/kg body weight of AlCl3 orally for 28 days to induce neuronal damage, while groups 3 and 4 rats received 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of MEPA for 7days after induction of neuronal damage by AlCl3 for 28 days. Group 5 rats were administered donepezil drug (0.2 mg/kg) which served as reference drug. Behavioural study such as elevated plus maze, Y-maze and open field tests were investigated on the rats. Biochemical assays such as lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase activities, and metal concentration in the whole brain homogenates were estimated using standard procedures. Results revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the memory index (MI), lipid peroxidation of animals in the AlCl3 group when compared with the control and the MEPA treated groups. The significant (p<0.05) decrease on lipid peroxidation MEPA was dose dependent. The acetylcholinesterase activities observed in the brain of 250 mg/kg (0.49 μmol acetylcholine/hr/mg protein) group and 500 mg/kg of extract (0.66 μmol acetylcholine/hr/mg protein) has comparative effect with the group treated with the standard drug donepezil when compared with AlCl3 induced group (1.31 μmol acetylcholine/hr/mg protein). This study revealed that both doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg of MEPA has ameliorative potential against AlCl3-induced neurotoxicity in rats but 500 mg/kg of the extract shows better protection.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76085154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14026
M. Elanany, T. Mansour, R. Hassan, Hany Maher
Background: Final identification and susceptibility results of positive blood cultures would take 24 to 48 h by conventional methods. Every hour of early treatment, could be life-saving for septic immunocompromised patients. We conducted a pilot study to determine the earliest timing for performing identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of microorganisms isolated, after positive blood culture bottles with the most accurate results. Materials and Methods: Positive blood culture samples were inoculated onto two blood agar plates at 37°C. The growth on one plate was used every one hour repeatedly identification by MALDI-TOF MS (bioMérieux Vitek MS IVD system) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing Vitek 2 system. A total of 600 ID and MIC testing were done (13 Gram positive and 12 Gram negative). Results: Identification of all isolates showed 100% agreement between testing initial 3-hour growth and testing over-night growth. MIC showed 100% agreement when testing at mean hours of 5.6 (SD+/- 2.5) and 9 (SD +/- 2.5) for Gram negative and positive organisms respectively. The total time needed for accurate MIC results from start of positive BC sub-culturing was 16.1 h & 22 h for Gram negative and positive organisms respectively. Conclusion: Identification of causative pathogens using MALDI-TOF MS could be achieved accurately after 3h of sub-culturing. MIC testing can be performed after 5.6 h, 9 h incubation. Applying this methodology provided final accurate rapid results and early treatment of septic patients.
背景:常规方法对阳性血培养的最终鉴定和药敏结果需要24 ~ 48 h。每一个小时的早期治疗，都可能挽救脓毒性免疫功能低下患者的生命。我们进行了一项初步研究，以确定在血培养瓶阳性后对分离的微生物进行鉴定和抗菌药敏试验的最早时机，结果最准确。材料与方法:将阳性血培养标本接种于2块血琼脂板上，温度为37℃。每隔1 h用MALDI-TOF MS (biomrieux Vitek MS IVD系统)和Vitek 2系统对1个平板上的生长进行重复鉴定。共进行了600例ID和MIC检测(革兰氏阳性13例，革兰氏阴性12例)。结果:所有分离株的鉴定结果表明，初始3小时生长试验和过夜生长试验100%一致。在革兰氏阴性菌和阳性菌的平均检测时间分别为5.6 (SD+/- 2.5)和9 (SD+/- 2.5)时，MIC显示了100%的一致性。从阳性BC继代培养开始获得准确MIC结果所需的总时间为革兰氏阴性和阳性菌分别为16.1 h和22 h。结论:传代培养3h后，MALDI-TOF质谱法可准确鉴定病原菌。孵育5.6 h、9 h后即可进行MIC检测。应用这种方法提供了最终准确快速的结果和早期治疗脓毒症患者。
{"title":"Early Identification of Bacterial Isolates from Positive Blood Culture Bottles using MALDI-TOF MS and Early Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on Pediatric Oncology Patients","authors":"M. Elanany, T. Mansour, R. Hassan, Hany Maher","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14026","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Final identification and susceptibility results of positive blood cultures would take 24 to 48 h by conventional methods. Every hour of early treatment, could be life-saving for septic immunocompromised patients. We conducted a pilot study to determine the earliest timing for performing identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of microorganisms isolated, after positive blood culture bottles with the most accurate results. Materials and Methods: Positive blood culture samples were inoculated onto two blood agar plates at 37°C. The growth on one plate was used every one hour repeatedly identification by MALDI-TOF MS (bioMérieux Vitek MS IVD system) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing Vitek 2 system. A total of 600 ID and MIC testing were done (13 Gram positive and 12 Gram negative). Results: Identification of all isolates showed 100% agreement between testing initial 3-hour growth and testing over-night growth. MIC showed 100% agreement when testing at mean hours of 5.6 (SD+/- 2.5) and 9 (SD +/- 2.5) for Gram negative and positive organisms respectively. The total time needed for accurate MIC results from start of positive BC sub-culturing was 16.1 h & 22 h for Gram negative and positive organisms respectively. Conclusion: Identification of causative pathogens using MALDI-TOF MS could be achieved accurately after 3h of sub-culturing. MIC testing can be performed after 5.6 h, 9 h incubation. Applying this methodology provided final accurate rapid results and early treatment of septic patients.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81848246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14003
F. Fadel, Manal F Elshamaa, Mostafa El-Ahmady, R. Galal, Mona H. Ibrahim, S. Kamel, D. Kandil, D. A. A. Haleem
Background: The equilibrium between regulatory cells and cytotoxic cells may define graft consequence. We investigated the relationship between the expression of main regulatory and cytotoxic markers (i.e., FOXP3 and granzyme B (GZM-B), respectively) and acute rejection (AR) in the peripheral blood of pediatric renal transplant recipients. Methods: In this retrospective study, FOXP3 mRNA expression and serum GZM-B levels in peripheral blood samples from 47 first-time pediatric kidney-transplant recipients were measured, with 17 children classified as possessing AR; whereas the remaining 30 children had functionally stabilized allografts. Results: Levels of the FOXP3 mRNA vs. the expression levels GADPH mRNA (FOXP3 mRNA/GADPH mRNA) were significantly elevated in children with AR than those with stabilized renal allograft (0.48 ± 0.26 vs.0.23 ± 0.18, respectively, P=0.002) Also, serum GZM-B levels in the AR group were elevated than those in the functionally stabilized children (120.07 ± 91.42p g/ml and, 60.16 ± 46.29 pg/ml respectively, P=0.01). ROC curve evidenced that measuring FOXP3 mRNA may have a scope as a decision-taking agent in clinical proceedings to diagnose AR. Measuring peripheral blood FOXP3 mRNA elucidated scope to help in the noninvasive diagnosis of AR. Conclusions: Our results emphasize FOXP3 mRNA as a biomarker for AR in pediatrics. Assessment of regulatory/cytotoxic profiles in the peripheral blood of pediatric renal transplant recipients is a potentially useful tool for patient selection and early detection of rejection. Depending on many variables, such as the method of sample normalization, the technique used, the extent of graft inflammation, the immunosuppression regimen, depletion/ repletion of T-lymphocyte component, the importance of FOXP3 may differ.
{"title":"The Regulatory/Cytotoxic T Cell Profiles in Blood of Pediatric Kidney-Transplant Recipients with Acute Rejection","authors":"F. Fadel, Manal F Elshamaa, Mostafa El-Ahmady, R. Galal, Mona H. Ibrahim, S. Kamel, D. Kandil, D. A. A. Haleem","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The equilibrium between regulatory cells and cytotoxic cells may define graft consequence. We investigated the relationship between the expression of main regulatory and cytotoxic markers (i.e., FOXP3 and granzyme B (GZM-B), respectively) and acute rejection (AR) in the peripheral blood of pediatric renal transplant recipients. Methods: In this retrospective study, FOXP3 mRNA expression and serum GZM-B levels in peripheral blood samples from 47 first-time pediatric kidney-transplant recipients were measured, with 17 children classified as possessing AR; whereas the remaining 30 children had functionally stabilized allografts. Results: Levels of the FOXP3 mRNA vs. the expression levels GADPH mRNA (FOXP3 mRNA/GADPH mRNA) were significantly elevated in children with AR than those with stabilized renal allograft (0.48 ± 0.26 vs.0.23 ± 0.18, respectively, P=0.002) Also, serum GZM-B levels in the AR group were elevated than those in the functionally stabilized children (120.07 ± 91.42p g/ml and, 60.16 ± 46.29 pg/ml respectively, P=0.01). ROC curve evidenced that measuring FOXP3 mRNA may have a scope as a decision-taking agent in clinical proceedings to diagnose AR. Measuring peripheral blood FOXP3 mRNA elucidated scope to help in the noninvasive diagnosis of AR. Conclusions: Our results emphasize FOXP3 mRNA as a biomarker for AR in pediatrics. Assessment of regulatory/cytotoxic profiles in the peripheral blood of pediatric renal transplant recipients is a potentially useful tool for patient selection and early detection of rejection. Depending on many variables, such as the method of sample normalization, the technique used, the extent of graft inflammation, the immunosuppression regimen, depletion/ repletion of T-lymphocyte component, the importance of FOXP3 may differ.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82642216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14020
A. Prasad, Kirti Roopwani, H. S. Mohammed, Vinaya Kundapur, M. Anand, Arpita Dutta
Background: Denture teeth made of acrylic resin are preferred because they chemically bond to denture base material but the problem of debonding is also common with the use of acrylic teeth. Many attempts have been done to improve bond strength of acrylic teeth which involves mechanical and chemical means. With the use of recently introduced thermoplastic denture base materials, the problem of tooth debonding has been increased due to the mechanical nature of the bond between these materials and the acrylic teeth. There is limited literature on bond strength of acrylic teeth and flexible denture materials and the methods to enhance it. The present study evaluates and compares the bond strength between acrylic teeth and heat cure resins and thermoplastic resins after different known denture tooth surface treatment methods, including use of methyl methacrylate; sandblasting and prefabricated vertical groove. Method: A total of 180 maxillary right central incisors were selected and divided into six groups of 30 samples each, according to the surface treatments and denture base material (heat cure or thermoplastic resins) used for processing. The bond strength of all specimens were tested in Universal Testing Machine. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis. Result: Results showed that there was statistical significant difference in mean bond strength after various surface treatments and processing of acrylic teeth with either heat cure or flexible denture material. Interpretation & Conclusion: The present findings suggest that vertical groove in the ridge lap area has highest bond strength amongst the groups processed with flexible denture material, and treatment of specimens with methyl methacrylate monomer for 5 sec has highest bond strength amongst all groups.
{"title":"To Compare and Evaluate the Bond Strength of Acrylic Denture Teeth with Heat Cure Acrylic Resin and Thermoplastic Denture Base Material after Different Surface Treatments of Acrylic Teeth - An In Vitro Study","authors":"A. Prasad, Kirti Roopwani, H. S. Mohammed, Vinaya Kundapur, M. Anand, Arpita Dutta","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Denture teeth made of acrylic resin are preferred because they chemically bond to denture base material but the problem of debonding is also common with the use of acrylic teeth. Many attempts have been done to improve bond strength of acrylic teeth which involves mechanical and chemical means. With the use of recently introduced thermoplastic denture base materials, the problem of tooth debonding has been increased due to the mechanical nature of the bond between these materials and the acrylic teeth. There is limited literature on bond strength of acrylic teeth and flexible denture materials and the methods to enhance it. The present study evaluates and compares the bond strength between acrylic teeth and heat cure resins and thermoplastic resins after different known denture tooth surface treatment methods, including use of methyl methacrylate; sandblasting and prefabricated vertical groove. Method: A total of 180 maxillary right central incisors were selected and divided into six groups of 30 samples each, according to the surface treatments and denture base material (heat cure or thermoplastic resins) used for processing. The bond strength of all specimens were tested in Universal Testing Machine. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis. Result: Results showed that there was statistical significant difference in mean bond strength after various surface treatments and processing of acrylic teeth with either heat cure or flexible denture material. Interpretation & Conclusion: The present findings suggest that vertical groove in the ridge lap area has highest bond strength amongst the groups processed with flexible denture material, and treatment of specimens with methyl methacrylate monomer for 5 sec has highest bond strength amongst all groups.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85182915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14036
J. Ulley, Sakila Sickander, A. Abdelhafiz
Objectives: To investigate the impact of hospital admission on polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden and explore doctors’ awareness of cognitive side effects of anticholinergics use. Methods:A cross sectional retrospective audit of older patients admitted to a care of elderly ward over three months. We have collected patients’ demographic data, number of medications and anticholinergic burden scale on admission compared to on discharge and investigated doctors’ knowledge about polypharmacy by answering a questionnaire. Results: 100 patients were included. Mean number of medications and anticholinergic burden were significantly higher on discharge compared to admission (9.43 v.8.27, p<0.001 and 1.50 v. 1.30, p<0.01, re4spectively). Seven doctors (25%) had no knowledge of any anticholinergic medications at all. Only 16 (57%) doctors were aware of the negative impact of this class of medications on cognitive function and 22 (79%) doctors felt not at all confident in identifying or reducing anticholinergic prescriptions for inpatients. Conclusion:Hospitalisation results in a significant increase in polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden in older people and doctors’ knowledge of the cognitive risks associated with anticholinergic medications in older people is poor.
目的:探讨住院对多药及抗胆碱能负担的影响，探讨医生对抗胆碱能药物使用认知副作用的认识。方法:对在老年病房住院三个月以上的老年患者进行横断面回顾性审计。我们收集了患者入院时与出院时的人口学数据、用药数量和抗胆碱能负荷量表，并通过问卷调查了医生对多药的了解情况。结果:纳入100例患者。出院时平均用药次数和抗胆碱能负荷显著高于入院时(分别为9.43 vs .8.27, p<0.001和1.50 vs . 1.30, p<0.01)。7名医生(25%)完全不知道任何抗胆碱能药物。只有16名(57%)医生意识到这类药物对认知功能的负面影响，22名(79%)医生对确定或减少住院患者的抗胆碱能药物处方完全没有信心。结论:住院导致老年人多药和抗胆碱能负担明显增加，医生对老年人抗胆碱能药物相关认知风险的认识较差。
{"title":"Polypharmacy and Anticholinergic Burden in Hospitalised Older Patients - A Cross Sectional Audit","authors":"J. Ulley, Sakila Sickander, A. Abdelhafiz","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14036","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the impact of hospital admission on polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden and explore doctors’ awareness of cognitive side effects of anticholinergics use. Methods:A cross sectional retrospective audit of older patients admitted to a care of elderly ward over three months. We have collected patients’ demographic data, number of medications and anticholinergic burden scale on admission compared to on discharge and investigated doctors’ knowledge about polypharmacy by answering a questionnaire. Results: 100 patients were included. Mean number of medications and anticholinergic burden were significantly higher on discharge compared to admission (9.43 v.8.27, p<0.001 and 1.50 v. 1.30, p<0.01, re4spectively). Seven doctors (25%) had no knowledge of any anticholinergic medications at all. Only 16 (57%) doctors were aware of the negative impact of this class of medications on cognitive function and 22 (79%) doctors felt not at all confident in identifying or reducing anticholinergic prescriptions for inpatients. Conclusion:Hospitalisation results in a significant increase in polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden in older people and doctors’ knowledge of the cognitive risks associated with anticholinergic medications in older people is poor.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76384757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14001
J. Finsterer
{"title":"Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the m.3243A>G Variant","authors":"J. Finsterer","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88587716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14012
Akimasa Matsuyama, Mitsunori Kikuchi, H. Shimoda
Edible cherry blossom flowers are cultivated in Japan and China. We have previously confirmed that these flowers contain cinnamoyl glucose derivatives and flavonoid glucosides, which reduce advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in skin cells. However, the influence of cherry blossom flower extract (CBE) on the human skin has not been evaluated. Therefore, we conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study of CBE supplementation in Japanese subjects to examine the effect of standardized CBE (150 mg daily) containing caffeoyl glucose (3 mg). CBE or placebo capsules were administered for 8 weeks to Japanese women aged 30 to 50 years. Skin condition and skin AGEs were evaluated before and after treatment. Photographs of the facial skin were also analyzed and skin symptoms were evaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS). In the CBE group, skin AGEs showed a significant decrease by approximately 7%. In the placebo group, skin elasticity decreased significantly (13%), while no significant change was observed in the CBE group. Furthermore, analysis of photographs revealed a significant decrease of facial pigmented spots and reddish areas in the CBE group versus no significant changes in the placebo group. Thus, CBE was found to reduce skin AGEs, prevent loss of skin elasticity, and decrease facial pigmentation and reddish areas. These results suggest that daily oral intake of CBE might reduce AGE levels in the skin and improve facial pigmentation and reddening.
{"title":"Effect on Skin Condition by 8-week Ingestion of Standardized Cherry Blossom Flower Extract (Sakura Extract-P)","authors":"Akimasa Matsuyama, Mitsunori Kikuchi, H. Shimoda","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14012","url":null,"abstract":"Edible cherry blossom flowers are cultivated in Japan and China. We have previously confirmed that these flowers contain cinnamoyl glucose derivatives and flavonoid glucosides, which reduce advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in skin cells. However, the influence of cherry blossom flower extract (CBE) on the human skin has not been evaluated. Therefore, we conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study of CBE supplementation in Japanese subjects to examine the effect of standardized CBE (150 mg daily) containing caffeoyl glucose (3 mg). CBE or placebo capsules were administered for 8 weeks to Japanese women aged 30 to 50 years. Skin condition and skin AGEs were evaluated before and after treatment. Photographs of the facial skin were also analyzed and skin symptoms were evaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS). In the CBE group, skin AGEs showed a significant decrease by approximately 7%. In the placebo group, skin elasticity decreased significantly (13%), while no significant change was observed in the CBE group. Furthermore, analysis of photographs revealed a significant decrease of facial pigmented spots and reddish areas in the CBE group versus no significant changes in the placebo group. Thus, CBE was found to reduce skin AGEs, prevent loss of skin elasticity, and decrease facial pigmentation and reddish areas. These results suggest that daily oral intake of CBE might reduce AGE levels in the skin and improve facial pigmentation and reddening.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80404583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14041
Giovanna Mosaico, A. Sinesi, Matteo Fanuli, M. Casalino, Giovanni Mautarelli, C. Casu
Acute Necrotic Ulcerative Gingivitis constitute a group of aggressive semi-reversible periodontal disease usually linked to deep microbiome alterations (Treponema sp., B. melaninogenicus ssp. intermedius and the Fusobacterium sp) and difficult plaque removal. Patients undergoing in fixed orthodontic treatment could have higher risk in periodontal/gum disease development. Therapy for resilient and resistant ANUG is usually represented by pocket debridement and additional systemic therapies (often Metronidazole). In recent years patients resistance to antimicrobial therapies has strongly increased, so probiotic represent a new incoming approach in non surgical periodontal diseases treatment. The aim of this work is to report a case of orthodontic patient with refractory ANUG successfully treated with topical probiotic L. Reuteri. A 16-year-old female with a necrotic ulceration gingivitis reported to our private practice. The patient was submitted to local antiseptics and periodontal debridement for several months without improvement. We had decided to associate a treatment with topical probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 to the non-surgical periodontal therapy. The solution of probiotic was injected into the pockets until the spill, for 3-5 minutes and at the end the patient did not rinse the mouth and was advised not to eat and drink for about an hour. The use of topical probiotics in the treatment of gingivitis and ANUG could be considered a valid alternative to conventional treatments for refractory cases in orthodontic patients. Further studies, especially randomized clinical trials, must be performed to confirm this starting result.
急性坏死性溃疡性牙龈炎是一组侵袭性的半可逆牙周病，通常与深层微生物组改变有关(密螺旋体sp.， B. melaninogenicus sp.。中间菌和梭杆菌)和难以去除菌斑。接受固定正畸治疗的患者发生牙周/牙龈疾病的风险较高。治疗弹性和耐药ANUG通常以口袋清创和额外的全身治疗(通常是甲硝唑)为代表。近年来，患者对抗菌药物的耐药性明显增加，益生菌是牙周病非手术治疗的新途径。本工作的目的是报告一例正畸患者难治性ANUG成功治疗局部益生菌罗伊氏乳杆菌。一名患有坏死性溃疡性牙龈炎的16岁女性向我们的私人诊所报告。患者接受局部消毒和牙周清创治疗数月，无好转。我们已经决定将局部益生菌罗伊氏乳杆菌DSM 17938和罗伊氏乳杆菌ATCC PTA 5289与非手术牙周治疗联系起来。将益生菌溶液注射到口袋中，直到溢出，3-5分钟，最后患者不漱口，并建议患者1小时左右不吃不喝。使用局部益生菌治疗牙龈炎和ANUG可以被认为是传统治疗难治性正畸患者的有效替代方法。必须进行进一步的研究，特别是随机临床试验来证实这一初步结果。
{"title":"Localized Necrotic Ulceration Gingivitis, in Orthodontic Patient, Treated with Non- Surgical Periodontal Therapy and with Probiotics (L. Reuteri)","authors":"Giovanna Mosaico, A. Sinesi, Matteo Fanuli, M. Casalino, Giovanni Mautarelli, C. Casu","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14041","url":null,"abstract":"Acute Necrotic Ulcerative Gingivitis constitute a group of aggressive semi-reversible periodontal disease usually linked to deep microbiome alterations (Treponema sp., B. melaninogenicus ssp. intermedius and the Fusobacterium sp) and difficult plaque removal. Patients undergoing in fixed orthodontic treatment could have higher risk in periodontal/gum disease development. Therapy for resilient and resistant ANUG is usually represented by pocket debridement and additional systemic therapies (often Metronidazole). In recent years patients resistance to antimicrobial therapies has strongly increased, so probiotic represent a new incoming approach in non surgical periodontal diseases treatment. The aim of this work is to report a case of orthodontic patient with refractory ANUG successfully treated with topical probiotic L. Reuteri. A 16-year-old female with a necrotic ulceration gingivitis reported to our private practice. The patient was submitted to local antiseptics and periodontal debridement for several months without improvement. We had decided to associate a treatment with topical probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and lactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 to the non-surgical periodontal therapy. The solution of probiotic was injected into the pockets until the spill, for 3-5 minutes and at the end the patient did not rinse the mouth and was advised not to eat and drink for about an hour. The use of topical probiotics in the treatment of gingivitis and ANUG could be considered a valid alternative to conventional treatments for refractory cases in orthodontic patients. Further studies, especially randomized clinical trials, must be performed to confirm this starting result.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84821663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-15DOI: 10.59566/ijbs.2018.14032
R. Khiari, H. Ichaoui, M. Raboudi, B. Kabre, M. A. Bakir, C. Denguir, S. Ghozzi
Condylomata acuminata are sexually transmitted papillomatous proliferative lesions caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection. Both sexes can be affected. In male patients, these lesions mostly occur on the glans, frenulum, prepuce and the balanopreputial sulcus. Urethral condyloma is relatively uncommon and it is frequently situated in the distal part of the urethra. We report the case of a 25-year-old male patient, single, whose medical history revealed that he had one unprotected sexual intercourse two years ago. He was presented in our department with a papillary lesion at the urethral meatus that was diagnosed as condyloma acuminatum which was confirmed later by performing a histopathological examination. A local excision of the lesion along with the use of podophyllotoxin as a local adjuvant therapy have led to its disappearance (no local or remote recurrence was seen 8 months later). Through this study, we aimed to discuss the different therapeutic approaches of urethral condylomata and mainly to assess the efficacy of podophyllotoxin as an adjuvant therapy after surgery.
{"title":"Condylomata Acuminata of the Urethral Meatus: Successful Combination Therapy","authors":"R. Khiari, H. Ichaoui, M. Raboudi, B. Kabre, M. A. Bakir, C. Denguir, S. Ghozzi","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2018.14032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2018.14032","url":null,"abstract":"Condylomata acuminata are sexually transmitted papillomatous proliferative lesions caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection. Both sexes can be affected. In male patients, these lesions mostly occur on the glans, frenulum, prepuce and the balanopreputial sulcus. Urethral condyloma is relatively uncommon and it is frequently situated in the distal part of the urethra. We report the case of a 25-year-old male patient, single, whose medical history revealed that he had one unprotected sexual intercourse two years ago. He was presented in our department with a papillary lesion at the urethral meatus that was diagnosed as condyloma acuminatum which was confirmed later by performing a histopathological examination. A local excision of the lesion along with the use of podophyllotoxin as a local adjuvant therapy have led to its disappearance (no local or remote recurrence was seen 8 months later). Through this study, we aimed to discuss the different therapeutic approaches of urethral condylomata and mainly to assess the efficacy of podophyllotoxin as an adjuvant therapy after surgery.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86610383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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