Pub Date : 2021-02-25DOI: 10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V8I1P101
R. KulliV, I. Gutman
: In Chemical science, the topological index computation can help determine chemical, biological, pharmacological, toxicological, and technically relevant information on molecules. This paper introduces the modified Sombor index, reduced modified Sombor index, first and second reduced (a, b)-KA indices of a molecular graph and compute exact formulas for certain chemical importance species, like silicate, chain silicate, oxide, and graphene networks.
{"title":"Computation of Sombor Indices of Certain Networks","authors":"R. KulliV, I. Gutman","doi":"10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V8I1P101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V8I1P101","url":null,"abstract":": In Chemical science, the topological index computation can help determine chemical, biological, pharmacological, toxicological, and technically relevant information on molecules. This paper introduces the modified Sombor index, reduced modified Sombor index, first and second reduced (a, b)-KA indices of a molecular graph and compute exact formulas for certain chemical importance species, like silicate, chain silicate, oxide, and graphene networks.","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76343411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-25DOI: 10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P109
S. Niwayama
Enzyme reactions are among the most environmentally friendly and important asymmetric reactions for organic synthesis. Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB) is one of the most extensively utilized enzymes for various asymmetric reactions. It catalyzes a variety of asymmetric reactions, such as hydrolysis, esterification, and amidation. However, as the studies of desymmetrization reactions of symmetric compounds catalyzed by CALB is rather limited, this commentary focuses on some recent examples of desymmetrization reactions mediated by CALB.
{"title":"Recent Desymmetrization Reactions By CALB","authors":"S. Niwayama","doi":"10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P109","url":null,"abstract":"Enzyme reactions are among the most environmentally friendly and important asymmetric reactions for organic synthesis. Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB) is one of the most extensively utilized enzymes for various asymmetric reactions. It catalyzes a variety of asymmetric reactions, such as hydrolysis, esterification, and amidation. However, as the studies of desymmetrization reactions of symmetric compounds catalyzed by CALB is rather limited, this commentary focuses on some recent examples of desymmetrization reactions mediated by CALB.","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87243080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-25DOI: 10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P108
S. Bhatt, R. NichithK, M. Arvind
Polychlorophenols are a group of organic compounds widely used in the production of biocides such as pesticides, fungicides, insecticides, etc., The effluents from the biocide industry, thus possess a large amount of these Polychlorophenols contaminating the environment. The Polychlorophenols are highly toxic due to their ability to disrupt the structural and functional integrity of biological membranes, causing lethal repercussions. Bioremediation thus provides a promising and skimping outcome to relieve environmental pollution. Bacteria and fungi possess the ability to degrade organic compounds in their natural environment, either aerobically or anaerobically. Bacteria and fungi can easily metabolize Polychlorophenols to produce intermediates that enter the Krebs cycle. In the present study, the isolated organism was identified as Arthrobacter citreus, and its ability to degrade two important Polychlorophenols, i.e., trichlorophenol pentachlorophenol, was investigated. Trichlorophenol is naturally occurring, whereas; pentachlorophenol is anthropogenic. The bacteria were found to grow at 5mM and 3mM concentrations of trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol, respectively. The metabolites were also determined by Thin Layer chromatography analysis, which indicated the metabolite, β-ketoadipate, thus ensuring the entry of the metabolized components to the citric acid cycle.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Polychlorophenols By Arthobacter Citreus","authors":"S. Bhatt, R. NichithK, M. Arvind","doi":"10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P108","url":null,"abstract":"Polychlorophenols are a group of organic compounds widely used in the production of biocides such as pesticides, fungicides, insecticides, etc., The effluents from the biocide industry, thus possess a large amount of these Polychlorophenols contaminating the environment. The Polychlorophenols are highly toxic due to their ability to disrupt the structural and functional integrity of biological membranes, causing lethal repercussions. Bioremediation thus provides a promising and skimping outcome to relieve environmental pollution. Bacteria and fungi possess the ability to degrade organic compounds in their natural environment, either aerobically or anaerobically. Bacteria and fungi can easily metabolize Polychlorophenols to produce intermediates that enter the Krebs cycle. In the present study, the isolated organism was identified as Arthrobacter citreus, and its ability to degrade two important Polychlorophenols, i.e., trichlorophenol pentachlorophenol, was investigated. Trichlorophenol is naturally occurring, whereas; pentachlorophenol is anthropogenic. The bacteria were found to grow at 5mM and 3mM concentrations of trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol, respectively. The metabolites were also determined by Thin Layer chromatography analysis, which indicated the metabolite, β-ketoadipate, thus ensuring the entry of the metabolized components to the citric acid cycle.","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74940535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new, simple, rapid, selective, precise, and accurate isocratic reverse-phase high-performance liquid Chromatography assay method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of Glycopyrrolate and Formoterol Fumarate tablet formulations. The separation was achieved by using column BEH C18 (2.6m x 50mm 1.8 m) in the mobile phase consisted of pH 2.5 triethyl amine buffer and Methanol in the ratio of 50:50 v/v. The flow rate was 0.2 mL/min, column oven temperature 25° C, the injection volume was 6 μL, and detection was performed at 250 nm using a photodiode array detector (PDA), Run time 6 minutes. The retention time of Glycopyrrolate and Formoterol Fumarate was noted to be 0.68 minutes and 1.05 minutes respectively, indicative of rather shorter analysis time. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The proposed method was found to be accurate, reproducible, and
{"title":"Development and Validation of Simultaneous Estimation of Glycopyrrolate and Formoterol Fumarate in its Bulk and Pharmaceutical Rota Caps Dosage form by using RP-UPLC","authors":"Venkateswara Reddy.Billa, Anuradha Vejendla, Ramachandran Dittakavi, Naveen Reddy.Seelam","doi":"10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/IJAC-V7I3P110","url":null,"abstract":"A new, simple, rapid, selective, precise, and accurate isocratic reverse-phase high-performance liquid Chromatography assay method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of Glycopyrrolate and Formoterol Fumarate tablet formulations. The separation was achieved by using column BEH C18 (2.6m x 50mm 1.8 m) in the mobile phase consisted of pH 2.5 triethyl amine buffer and Methanol in the ratio of 50:50 v/v. The flow rate was 0.2 mL/min, column oven temperature 25° C, the injection volume was 6 μL, and detection was performed at 250 nm using a photodiode array detector (PDA), Run time 6 minutes. The retention time of Glycopyrrolate and Formoterol Fumarate was noted to be 0.68 minutes and 1.05 minutes respectively, indicative of rather shorter analysis time. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The proposed method was found to be accurate, reproducible, and","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85657451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-25DOI: 10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p109
Giorgi Tsiklauri, T. Kantaria, Tengiz Kantaria, R. Katsarava, G. Titvinidze
{"title":"Synthesis of novel main-chain azo-benzene poly(ester amide)s via interfacial polycondensation","authors":"Giorgi Tsiklauri, T. Kantaria, Tengiz Kantaria, R. Katsarava, G. Titvinidze","doi":"10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"59 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83997663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-25DOI: 10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p112
Hariharan A.V.L.N.S.H, Santhipriya D, Satheesh A
{"title":"Extraction of Iron (III) by TBPO from nitric & perchloric acid solutions","authors":"Hariharan A.V.L.N.S.H, Santhipriya D, Satheesh A","doi":"10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86444301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-25DOI: 10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p111
Im elda, Em riadi, H. Aziz, A. Santoni, Rifno Gusfri Ramadhan, Riska Astin Fitria
{"title":"Theoretical Investigation of Aniline-Based Dyes to Improve The Efficiency of Solar Cells","authors":"Im elda, Em riadi, H. Aziz, A. Santoni, Rifno Gusfri Ramadhan, Riska Astin Fitria","doi":"10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88695780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-25DOI: 10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p106
Haider Husine Abd-Ali, B. K. Al-Salami, M. A. Abd
Three series of compounds have been synthesized, the first series included preparation of Schiff-bases ( NC1NC4) by condensation reaction of Salicylaldehyde with a select species of Sulfa drugs like , Sulfanilamide, Sulfadiazine , Sulfamerazine and Sulfathiazole . The second series included preparation of azo compounds (Azo1 , Azo2 , Azo3and Azo4) Which contains aldehyde group via converting Sulfathiazol, Sulfadiazine and Sulfanilamide to dizonium salt followed by coupling reaction with 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde in alkaline medium . The third series includes synthesis of azo Schiff bases (CH1-CH8) in excellent yield via condensation of different sulfa drugs and ethylene diamine . The structures of synthesized compound have been characterized by spectroscopic methods such as infrared , H-NMR and mass spectra . The purity of compound and evaluation of Rf value were determined by TLC. The above mentioned compound were studied in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and fungicidal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillusniges Also the antioxidant of some compounds have been Calculated .
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization And Antibacterial studies of some Azomethine and Azo- Compound Derivatives of selected Sulfa Drugs","authors":"Haider Husine Abd-Ali, B. K. Al-Salami, M. A. Abd","doi":"10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14445/23939133/ijac-v7i2p106","url":null,"abstract":"Three series of compounds have been synthesized, the first series included preparation of Schiff-bases ( NC1NC4) by condensation reaction of Salicylaldehyde with a select species of Sulfa drugs like , Sulfanilamide, Sulfadiazine , Sulfamerazine and Sulfathiazole . The second series included preparation of azo compounds (Azo1 , Azo2 , Azo3and Azo4) Which contains aldehyde group via converting Sulfathiazol, Sulfadiazine and Sulfanilamide to dizonium salt followed by coupling reaction with 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde in alkaline medium . The third series includes synthesis of azo Schiff bases (CH1-CH8) in excellent yield via condensation of different sulfa drugs and ethylene diamine . The structures of synthesized compound have been characterized by spectroscopic methods such as infrared , H-NMR and mass spectra . The purity of compound and evaluation of Rf value were determined by TLC. The above mentioned compound were studied in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and fungicidal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillusniges Also the antioxidant of some compounds have been Calculated .","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77800692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.37622/ijac/16.1.2020.35-51
T. Tran-Quoc, Dung Nguyen-Trong
{"title":"Study of the Factors Affecting the Heterogeneous Kinetics of Amorphous Ni Nanoparticles using the Simulation Method","authors":"T. Tran-Quoc, Dung Nguyen-Trong","doi":"10.37622/ijac/16.1.2020.35-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37622/ijac/16.1.2020.35-51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13860,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81817256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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