Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4021
R. A. Latha, M. A. Farhana, S. S. Sonia, N. M. Riyaz, B. S. B. Mallika
Objective: Communication plays an essential role in present era of medical and health system where doctor should maintain good interpersonal relationship with patients. Teaching of communication skills to medical students as a part of the curriculum has gained importance in recent past. This study was conducted to assess attitude of medical students towards learning communication skills. Methods: Prior institutional ethical committee approval and prior informed consent obtained from participants. Study conducted among medical students of second and third year MBBS. Students were given a questionnaire (google forms). Questionnaire consisted of 26 items related to positive and negative attitude; 13 items in each subscale. Responses received were entered and analysed in Microsoft excel. Results: Total of 300 students participated, with a response rate of 76%. 132(57.9%) students were second year and 96(42.1%) were third year. 159(69.7%) students were females and 69(30.3%) were males. Reliability of scale was calculated using Cronbach’s Alpha, 0.859 for PAS and 0.704 for NAS; which were good and acceptable values. Better positive attitude scores (52.34±6.03) observed over negative attitude scores (40.07±6.40), implies students having a positive attitude towards learning communication skills. There were no significant differences between scores when compared between males and females and between second and third year MBBS students. Conclusion: Results of study emphasize that introduction of AETCOM learning modules in the medical curriculum has a positive impact on students towards learning communication skills. Doctor-patient inter-relationship, treatment decision-making, etc., are dependent on doctor’s communication skills; which can be improved and strengthened with AETCOM implementation in medical curriculum.
{"title":"A STUDY TO ASSESS THE ATTITUDE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS TOWARDS LEARNING COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN ANDHRA PRADESH","authors":"R. A. Latha, M. A. Farhana, S. S. Sonia, N. M. Riyaz, B. S. B. Mallika","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4021","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Communication plays an essential role in present era of medical and health system where doctor should maintain good interpersonal relationship with patients. Teaching of communication skills to medical students as a part of the curriculum has gained importance in recent past. This study was conducted to assess attitude of medical students towards learning communication skills. \u0000Methods: Prior institutional ethical committee approval and prior informed consent obtained from participants. Study conducted among medical students of second and third year MBBS. Students were given a questionnaire (google forms). Questionnaire consisted of 26 items related to positive and negative attitude; 13 items in each subscale. Responses received were entered and analysed in Microsoft excel. \u0000Results: Total of 300 students participated, with a response rate of 76%. 132(57.9%) students were second year and 96(42.1%) were third year. 159(69.7%) students were females and 69(30.3%) were males. Reliability of scale was calculated using Cronbach’s Alpha, 0.859 for PAS and 0.704 for NAS; which were good and acceptable values. Better positive attitude scores (52.34±6.03) observed over negative attitude scores (40.07±6.40), implies students having a positive attitude towards learning communication skills. There were no significant differences between scores when compared between males and females and between second and third year MBBS students. \u0000Conclusion: Results of study emphasize that introduction of AETCOM learning modules in the medical curriculum has a positive impact on students towards learning communication skills. Doctor-patient inter-relationship, treatment decision-making, etc., are dependent on doctor’s communication skills; which can be improved and strengthened with AETCOM implementation in medical curriculum.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4013
Rajeev Sharma, Ajay Singh, Sandeep Chhipa
Objective: Diabetes, a complex metabolic disorder, poses significant challenges during surgery due to its association with chronic hyperglycemia. Surgical stress triggers hormonal changes, impacting glucose homeostasis. With an increasing global prevalence of diabetes, understanding the interplay between surgery, stress, and diabetes becomes crucial for perioperative management. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study included 222 patients (111 non-diabetic and 111 controlled diabetic) undergoing elective surgery. Demographic data, hemodynamic parameters, and blood glucose levels were assessed at various intervals. Statistical analyses compared age, gender, blood glucose levels, and hemodynamic responses between the two groups. Results: Demographic parameters were comparable between non-diabetic and controlled diabetic groups. Hemodynamic responses, including heart rate and blood pressure, showed no significant differences during the surgery. Blood glucose levels were similar preoperatively and up to 30 min post-intubation. However, a significant difference was observed after 5 min of extubation, with controlled diabetic patients exhibiting higher levels. Variations in blood glucose levels after extubation were statistically significant, emphasizing the importance of postoperative monitoring. Conclusion: This study highlights the intricate relationship between surgery, stress, and diabetes, emphasizing the need for tailored perioperative management. Close monitoring, especially during critical moments, is essential to ensure optimal glucose control and mitigate complications. The findings align with existing literature, reinforcing the importance of individualized approaches for diabetic patients undergoing surgery.
{"title":"A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF GENERAL ANAESTHESIA ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN NON-DIABETIC AND CONTROLLED DIABETIC PATIENTS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY AT S. M. S. MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR","authors":"Rajeev Sharma, Ajay Singh, Sandeep Chhipa","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Diabetes, a complex metabolic disorder, poses significant challenges during surgery due to its association with chronic hyperglycemia. Surgical stress triggers hormonal changes, impacting glucose homeostasis. With an increasing global prevalence of diabetes, understanding the interplay between surgery, stress, and diabetes becomes crucial for perioperative management. \u0000Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study included 222 patients (111 non-diabetic and 111 controlled diabetic) undergoing elective surgery. Demographic data, hemodynamic parameters, and blood glucose levels were assessed at various intervals. Statistical analyses compared age, gender, blood glucose levels, and hemodynamic responses between the two groups. \u0000Results: Demographic parameters were comparable between non-diabetic and controlled diabetic groups. Hemodynamic responses, including heart rate and blood pressure, showed no significant differences during the surgery. Blood glucose levels were similar preoperatively and up to 30 min post-intubation. However, a significant difference was observed after 5 min of extubation, with controlled diabetic patients exhibiting higher levels. Variations in blood glucose levels after extubation were statistically significant, emphasizing the importance of postoperative monitoring. \u0000Conclusion: This study highlights the intricate relationship between surgery, stress, and diabetes, emphasizing the need for tailored perioperative management. Close monitoring, especially during critical moments, is essential to ensure optimal glucose control and mitigate complications. The findings align with existing literature, reinforcing the importance of individualized approaches for diabetic patients undergoing surgery.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"12 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139530051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries are having advantages over open cholecystectomy with less pain and quick recovery. Intraperitoneal route of administration of a local anaesthetic is a cheap, easy and non-invasive method of reducing the intensity of post laparoscopic pain. This study compared the postoperative analgesic effect of intraperitoneal instillation of ropivacaine 0.5% and ropivacaine 0.5% with dexmedetomidine (1µg/kg) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. Methods: Total 86 patients were divided equally in 2 groups. Patients in group R received 20 ml 0.5% isobaric ropivacaine hydrochloride+5 ml NS where in Group RD, patients received 20 ml 0.5% isobaric ropivacaine hydrochloride with 1µg/kg dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. Solution was diluted with normal saline to make a total volume 25 ml. Hemodynamic parameters were noted during surgery Postoperatively, patient was assessed for pain using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at 30 min, then 2,4,8,12 and 24 h. Total analgesic consumption in the first 24 h also compared. Results: Baseline demographic profile of study participants were similar. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly higher in group RD (10.05±6.916 h) as compared to group R (5.59±6.8) (p=0.003). Mean dose of rescue analgesia was significantly higher in group R (130.81±61.44) as compared to group RD (75±36.6) (p<0.001). VAS score was significantly higher in group R as compared to group RD at different time intervals. Conclusion: We concluded that intraperitoneal Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine produced postoperative analgesia better than ropivacaine alone.
{"title":"A COMPARISON OF INTRAPERITONEAL INSTILLATION OF ROPIVACAINE AND ROPIVACAINE WITH DEXMEDETOMIDINE FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA FOLLOWING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY","authors":"Priyanka Sharma, Priyanka Saini, MEGHA SHARMA, Manish Khandelwal","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4011","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries are having advantages over open cholecystectomy with less pain and quick recovery. Intraperitoneal route of administration of a local anaesthetic is a cheap, easy and non-invasive method of reducing the intensity of post laparoscopic pain. This study compared the postoperative analgesic effect of intraperitoneal instillation of ropivacaine 0.5% and ropivacaine 0.5% with dexmedetomidine (1µg/kg) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. \u0000Methods: Total 86 patients were divided equally in 2 groups. Patients in group R received 20 ml 0.5% isobaric ropivacaine hydrochloride+5 ml NS where in Group RD, patients received 20 ml 0.5% isobaric ropivacaine hydrochloride with 1µg/kg dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. Solution was diluted with normal saline to make a total volume 25 ml. Hemodynamic parameters were noted during surgery Postoperatively, patient was assessed for pain using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at 30 min, then 2,4,8,12 and 24 h. Total analgesic consumption in the first 24 h also compared. \u0000Results: Baseline demographic profile of study participants were similar. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly higher in group RD (10.05±6.916 h) as compared to group R (5.59±6.8) (p=0.003). Mean dose of rescue analgesia was significantly higher in group R (130.81±61.44) as compared to group RD (75±36.6) (p<0.001). VAS score was significantly higher in group R as compared to group RD at different time intervals. \u0000Conclusion: We concluded that intraperitoneal Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine produced postoperative analgesia better than ropivacaine alone.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4008
Praveen Singh, Pooja Arnote, Kajal Thakur
Objective: Preeclampsia is a dangerous pregnancy condition that puts the health of the mother and fetus at great risk. Early diagnosis and treatment of this illness depend on predictive signs. Because of their correlation with coagulation problems, platelet indices, such as platelet count (PC), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet crit (PCT), may be useful as biomarkers for preeclampsia. The purpose of this study is to find out how well platelet indices can predict preeclampsia. Methods: From Mar 1, 2021, to Feb 28, 2022, the study was carried out at the Kamla Nehru State Hospital for Mother and Child in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Pregnant women without pre-existing illnesses were removed, and those with normotension who had singleton pregnancies after 20 w of gestation were included. Patients were classified according to the degree and course of preeclampsia, and platelet indices were monitored during pregnancy. To ascertain the significance of fluctuations in the platelet index, statistical tests were conducted and data were analyzed using SPSS-PC-25. Results: According to the study, patients with preeclampsia (PE) and normotensive individuals had significantly different platelet indices. Compared to people with normotension, PE patients showed higher platelet distribution width (PDW), a lower platelet count, and an elevated mean platelet volume (MPV). Interestingly, MPV increased noticeably in PE before blood pressure rose. In severe PE patients, the platelet count drastically reduced. The potential of MPV and platelet count as predictors of PE was shown by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. These results demonstrate the importance of platelet indices in the diagnosis of PE and the potential use of these indices as early indicators of this hypertensive condition in pregnancy. Conclusion: Platelet indices show potential as early indicators for identifying and tracking preeclampsia, especially platelet count, MPV, and PDW. Monitoring platelet indices in addition to blood pressure may help determine the extent and course of the illness, which might lead to better results for both the mother and the fetus. To improve clinical usefulness and improve prediction models, more research in this area is necessary.
目的子痫前期是一种危险的妊娠疾病，会给母亲和胎儿的健康带来极大风险。这种疾病的早期诊断和治疗取决于预兆。血小板计数（PC）、血小板分布宽度（PDW）、血小板平均体积（MPV）和血小板临界值（PCT）等血小板指数与凝血问题相关，因此可作为子痫前期的生物标志物。本研究旨在了解血小板指数对子痫前期的预测效果。研究方法研究于 2021 年 3 月 1 日至 2022 年 2 月 28 日在喜马偕尔邦西姆拉的卡姆拉-尼赫鲁国立母婴医院进行。研究对象包括无先天性疾病的孕妇，以及妊娠 20 周后单胎妊娠的正常血压孕妇。根据先兆子痫的程度和病程对患者进行分类，并在孕期监测血小板指数。为了确定血小板指数波动的意义，使用 SPSS-PC-25 进行了统计检验和数据分析。结果研究显示，子痫前期（PE）患者和血压正常者的血小板指数有显著差异。与血压正常者相比，子痫前期患者的血小板分布宽度（PDW）较高，血小板计数较低，平均血小板体积（MPV）升高。有趣的是，在血压升高之前，PE 患者的平均血小板体积明显增加。在重度 PE 患者中，血小板计数急剧下降。接收方操作特征曲线（ROC）分析表明，MPV 和血小板计数具有预测 PE 的潜力。这些结果表明了血小板指数在 PE 诊断中的重要性，以及将这些指数作为妊娠期高血压早期指标的可能性。结论血小板指数（尤其是血小板计数、MPV 和 PDW）显示出作为识别和跟踪子痫前期的早期指标的潜力。在监测血压的同时监测血小板指数可能有助于确定疾病的程度和病程，从而为母亲和胎儿带来更好的结果。为了提高临床实用性并改进预测模型，有必要在这一领域开展更多研究。
{"title":"UNLOCKING THE FUTURE OF MATERNAL HEALTH: PLATELET INDICES AS PREDICTORS OF PREECLAMPSIA","authors":"Praveen Singh, Pooja Arnote, Kajal Thakur","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Preeclampsia is a dangerous pregnancy condition that puts the health of the mother and fetus at great risk. Early diagnosis and treatment of this illness depend on predictive signs. Because of their correlation with coagulation problems, platelet indices, such as platelet count (PC), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet crit (PCT), may be useful as biomarkers for preeclampsia. The purpose of this study is to find out how well platelet indices can predict preeclampsia. \u0000Methods: From Mar 1, 2021, to Feb 28, 2022, the study was carried out at the Kamla Nehru State Hospital for Mother and Child in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Pregnant women without pre-existing illnesses were removed, and those with normotension who had singleton pregnancies after 20 w of gestation were included. Patients were classified according to the degree and course of preeclampsia, and platelet indices were monitored during pregnancy. To ascertain the significance of fluctuations in the platelet index, statistical tests were conducted and data were analyzed using SPSS-PC-25. \u0000Results: According to the study, patients with preeclampsia (PE) and normotensive individuals had significantly different platelet indices. Compared to people with normotension, PE patients showed higher platelet distribution width (PDW), a lower platelet count, and an elevated mean platelet volume (MPV). Interestingly, MPV increased noticeably in PE before blood pressure rose. In severe PE patients, the platelet count drastically reduced. The potential of MPV and platelet count as predictors of PE was shown by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. These results demonstrate the importance of platelet indices in the diagnosis of PE and the potential use of these indices as early indicators of this hypertensive condition in pregnancy. \u0000Conclusion: Platelet indices show potential as early indicators for identifying and tracking preeclampsia, especially platelet count, MPV, and PDW. Monitoring platelet indices in addition to blood pressure may help determine the extent and course of the illness, which might lead to better results for both the mother and the fetus. To improve clinical usefulness and improve prediction models, more research in this area is necessary.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: In this study, an attempt has been made to report the clinical profile, exposure characteristics and outcomes of the COVID-19 patients admitted to our rural tertiary care facility. Methods: It is a single-centric retrospective observational study and includes data from January 2020 to March 2022. The data were retrieved from patient files. We have recorded patient demography, clinical and laboratory parameters and outcome of the patients. Patients were categorized based on disease severity according to WHO guidelines. Appropriate statistical analysis was applied and p value<0.05 was considered as significant. Results: A total of 2339 patients were included in this study. Total males were 67%, mean age group was 45.43±18.48 y (0 to 101 y), with majority belonging to 46-60 y age group (27.2%). Total comorbid patients were 29.3% with 9.4% accounting for more than one comorbidities. Most common comorbidity noted was diabetes mellitus 15.8% followed by hypertension 13.4%. Total mortality was noted to be 16.2%. Fever was the most common symptom (92%) followed by cough (51%) and myalgia (30%). Disease severity and outcome was significantly correlated with advancing age and the presence of underlying comorbidities. Conclusion: Rural population had comparable proportion of comorbidities as well as mortality. Common risk factors for severe disease in rural setting were similar to urban setting and old age and more than one comorbidities. Country-wide rural data should be collected for a better understanding of COVID-19 disease in rural and remote population.
{"title":"CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF COVID-19 PATIENTS DURING ALL THREE WAVES, AN EXPERIENCE FROM A RURAL TERTIARY CARE CENTER, EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA","authors":"Surabhi Shukla, Naveen Goyal, Priyanka Rai, Swaraj Sharma, V. Maurya, Vikas Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study, an attempt has been made to report the clinical profile, exposure characteristics and outcomes of the COVID-19 patients admitted to our rural tertiary care facility. \u0000Methods: It is a single-centric retrospective observational study and includes data from January 2020 to March 2022. The data were retrieved from patient files. We have recorded patient demography, clinical and laboratory parameters and outcome of the patients. Patients were categorized based on disease severity according to WHO guidelines. Appropriate statistical analysis was applied and p value<0.05 was considered as significant. \u0000Results: A total of 2339 patients were included in this study. Total males were 67%, mean age group was 45.43±18.48 y (0 to 101 y), with majority belonging to 46-60 y age group (27.2%). Total comorbid patients were 29.3% with 9.4% accounting for more than one comorbidities. Most common comorbidity noted was diabetes mellitus 15.8% followed by hypertension 13.4%. Total mortality was noted to be 16.2%. Fever was the most common symptom (92%) followed by cough (51%) and myalgia (30%). Disease severity and outcome was significantly correlated with advancing age and the presence of underlying comorbidities. \u0000Conclusion: Rural population had comparable proportion of comorbidities as well as mortality. Common risk factors for severe disease in rural setting were similar to urban setting and old age and more than one comorbidities. Country-wide rural data should be collected for a better understanding of COVID-19 disease in rural and remote population.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From nearly a decade’s time, there has been an increased inclination with respect to nanoemulsions owing to their augmented and ameliorated characteristics in comparison to conventional methods of drug delivery. Self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have substantiated their effectiveness in enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble substances. These systems, often isotropic mixtures, consist of oils, surfactants, and cosurfactants/cosolvents. They possess the capability to create nanoemulsions or fine oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions with mild stirring and dilution by the water phase along the gastrointestinal tract. This system has proven its worth in enhancing the absorption of lipophilic agents constrained by dissolution rate. SNEDDS are extremely efficacious in improving the oral bioavailability of lipophilic products and is quite promising for managing drugs unapt for oral delivery. Additionally, it's noteworthy that SNEDDS can be formulated into various solid dosage forms suitable for both oral and parenteral administration. This overview incorporates the advancements of SNEDDS' the mechanism involved in its spontaneous formation, its subcategories, composition, approaches employed for formulation, characterization, merits and limitations, and future potential. The review also lays stress on the progress in solid self-emulsifying delivery mechanisms and dosage forms.
{"title":"REVOLUTIONIZING PHARMACEUTICALS: A DEEP DIVE INTO SELF NANO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS","authors":"Prajwal Nikam, Aparna Jain, Dipti Solanki, Shubhangi Aher","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4019","url":null,"abstract":"From nearly a decade’s time, there has been an increased inclination with respect to nanoemulsions owing to their augmented and ameliorated characteristics in comparison to conventional methods of drug delivery. Self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have substantiated their effectiveness in enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble substances. These systems, often isotropic mixtures, consist of oils, surfactants, and cosurfactants/cosolvents. They possess the capability to create nanoemulsions or fine oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions with mild stirring and dilution by the water phase along the gastrointestinal tract. This system has proven its worth in enhancing the absorption of lipophilic agents constrained by dissolution rate. SNEDDS are extremely efficacious in improving the oral bioavailability of lipophilic products and is quite promising for managing drugs unapt for oral delivery. Additionally, it's noteworthy that SNEDDS can be formulated into various solid dosage forms suitable for both oral and parenteral administration. This overview incorporates the advancements of SNEDDS' the mechanism involved in its spontaneous formation, its subcategories, composition, approaches employed for formulation, characterization, merits and limitations, and future potential. The review also lays stress on the progress in solid self-emulsifying delivery mechanisms and dosage forms.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanomedicine along with nano-delivery systems, are a young but fast-emerging science in which tiny materials are used as diagnostic tools or to deliver therapeutic drugs to specific targeted locations in a controlled manner. Nanotechnology has numerous advantages in the treatment of chronic human diseases through the site-specific and target-oriented delivery of precise medications. There have recently been several notable applications of nanomedicine (chemotherapeutic agents, biological agents, immunotherapeutic agents, and so on) in the treatment of various disorders. Efficient use of pricey medications and excipients, as well as cost savings in manufacturing Beneficial to patients, improved therapy, comfort, and the standard of living. Lipids have been proposed as an alternate carrier to circumvent the constraints of polymeric nanoparticles, notably for lipophilic medicines. Such small particles of lipid are known as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and they are gaining popularity among formulators all over the world. SLNs are colloidal carriers that were developed in the last decade as a replacement for traditional carriers. Lipid nanoparticles have caught the interest of researchers during the last two decades and have shown considerable therapeutic success since the first clinical approval of Doxil in 1995. Simultaneously, lipid nanoparticles have shown significant promise in conveying nucleic acid medications, as proven by the approval of two RNA treatments and an mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
{"title":"A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON NANO DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES (SLN)","authors":"Swapnil D. Phalak, Vishal Bodke, Reenu Yadav, Satish Pandav, Maloji Ranaware","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4020","url":null,"abstract":"Nanomedicine along with nano-delivery systems, are a young but fast-emerging science in which tiny materials are used as diagnostic tools or to deliver therapeutic drugs to specific targeted locations in a controlled manner. Nanotechnology has numerous advantages in the treatment of chronic human diseases through the site-specific and target-oriented delivery of precise medications. There have recently been several notable applications of nanomedicine (chemotherapeutic agents, biological agents, immunotherapeutic agents, and so on) in the treatment of various disorders. Efficient use of pricey medications and excipients, as well as cost savings in manufacturing Beneficial to patients, improved therapy, comfort, and the standard of living. Lipids have been proposed as an alternate carrier to circumvent the constraints of polymeric nanoparticles, notably for lipophilic medicines. Such small particles of lipid are known as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and they are gaining popularity among formulators all over the world. SLNs are colloidal carriers that were developed in the last decade as a replacement for traditional carriers. Lipid nanoparticles have caught the interest of researchers during the last two decades and have shown considerable therapeutic success since the first clinical approval of Doxil in 1995. Simultaneously, lipid nanoparticles have shown significant promise in conveying nucleic acid medications, as proven by the approval of two RNA treatments and an mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4007
PRAVEEN SINGH, Pooja Arnote, Kajal Thakur
Objective: Because pre-eclampsia can cause difficulties, it presents a serious threat to maternal healthcare. The well-being of both the mother and the fetus depends on a prompt and precise diagnosis. There are drawbacks to using conventional techniques, such as collecting urine for a whole day to determine proteinuria. Although the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio is a faster option, its clinical value is yet unknown. Methods: The purpose of this cross-sectional study, which ran from July 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019, was to evaluate the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio in preeclamptic pregnant women vs the traditional 24 h urine protein collection technique. Ninety inpatients in all who satisfied certain inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Results: Compared to comparable research by Hanumant et al. (13%), 6.66% of patients in our study had abnormal fundus examination findings. Papilloedema was absent from all participants, and the cautious management of anomalies was consistent across investigations. In line with the results of Hossain et al. and Sapna et al., the mean urine protein creatinine ratio in our investigation was 1.75±2.32. A smaller ratio was discovered by Umran et al., whereas Jung Hwa Park et al. claimed a larger ratio. Jung Hwa Park et al. also showed a greater mean protein excretion during a 24 h period (2713±2003 mg/d). Conclusion: This research at Kamla Nehru Hospital emphasizes the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio's potential as an effective pre-eclampsia diagnostic tool. In healthcare settings with limited resources, prompt detection of severe proteinuria can improve maternal and fetal outcomes by streamlining patient treatment.
{"title":"IMPROVING EFFICIENCY IN PRE-ECLAMPSIA DIAGNOSIS: SPOT URINARY PROTEIN/CREATININE RATIO","authors":"PRAVEEN SINGH, Pooja Arnote, Kajal Thakur","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i1.4007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Because pre-eclampsia can cause difficulties, it presents a serious threat to maternal healthcare. The well-being of both the mother and the fetus depends on a prompt and precise diagnosis. There are drawbacks to using conventional techniques, such as collecting urine for a whole day to determine proteinuria. Although the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio is a faster option, its clinical value is yet unknown. \u0000Methods: The purpose of this cross-sectional study, which ran from July 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019, was to evaluate the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio in preeclamptic pregnant women vs the traditional 24 h urine protein collection technique. Ninety inpatients in all who satisfied certain inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. \u0000Results: Compared to comparable research by Hanumant et al. (13%), 6.66% of patients in our study had abnormal fundus examination findings. Papilloedema was absent from all participants, and the cautious management of anomalies was consistent across investigations. In line with the results of Hossain et al. and Sapna et al., the mean urine protein creatinine ratio in our investigation was 1.75±2.32. A smaller ratio was discovered by Umran et al., whereas Jung Hwa Park et al. claimed a larger ratio. Jung Hwa Park et al. also showed a greater mean protein excretion during a 24 h period (2713±2003 mg/d). \u0000Conclusion: This research at Kamla Nehru Hospital emphasizes the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio's potential as an effective pre-eclampsia diagnostic tool. In healthcare settings with limited resources, prompt detection of severe proteinuria can improve maternal and fetal outcomes by streamlining patient treatment.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"10 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.22159/ijcpr.2023v15i6.3097
K. Subhashini, U. T. Naidu, A. A. Kumar, Rajesh Vooturi, N. Kumar
Objective: To develop a sensitive, simple, accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method and verify for the quantitative estimation (Assay) of Cholecalciferol in tablets. Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase column, Waters X-Bridge C8 (150 X 4.6 mm; 3.5μ), a mobile phase of Methanol: Acetonitrile: HPLC grade water/Milli-Q water in the proportion of 60:30:10 v/v/v, flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, injection volume of 100 µl, and detection wavelength of 265 nm using a UV/PDA detector. Results: The developed method gave Cholecalciferol eluting at about 9 min. Cholecalciferol exhibited linearity in the range 0.058-0.466 μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by a relative standard deviation of 1.40%. Percentage of individual recovery was found to be in the range of 97.0 and 103.0 during accuracy studies. Conclusion: A sensitive, simple, accurate, precise and linear RP-HPLC method was developed and verified for the quantitative estimation (Assay) of Cholecalciferol in tablets and hence this method can be explored for the analysis of Cholecalciferol in tablets/various dosage forms in various pharmaceutical industries.
{"title":"A SENSITIVE AND A SIMPLE RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VERIFICATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF CHOLECALCIFEROLIN TABLETS","authors":"K. Subhashini, U. T. Naidu, A. A. Kumar, Rajesh Vooturi, N. Kumar","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2023v15i6.3097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2023v15i6.3097","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To develop a sensitive, simple, accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method and verify for the quantitative estimation (Assay) of Cholecalciferol in tablets. Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase column, Waters X-Bridge C8 (150 X 4.6 mm; 3.5μ), a mobile phase of Methanol: Acetonitrile: HPLC grade water/Milli-Q water in the proportion of 60:30:10 v/v/v, flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, injection volume of 100 µl, and detection wavelength of 265 nm using a UV/PDA detector. Results: The developed method gave Cholecalciferol eluting at about 9 min. Cholecalciferol exhibited linearity in the range 0.058-0.466 μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by a relative standard deviation of 1.40%. Percentage of individual recovery was found to be in the range of 97.0 and 103.0 during accuracy studies. Conclusion: A sensitive, simple, accurate, precise and linear RP-HPLC method was developed and verified for the quantitative estimation (Assay) of Cholecalciferol in tablets and hence this method can be explored for the analysis of Cholecalciferol in tablets/various dosage forms in various pharmaceutical industries.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.22159/ijcpr.2023v15i6.3087
Aman Sai Guntreddy, Korra Gopa Naik, Behara Girish
Objective: To assess the potential role of magnesium sulphate in the reduction of postoperative agitation and pain following functional endoscopic sinus surgery d in the ENT department. Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled double blinded clinical trial was carried out on 100 patients belonging to both sexes, aged between 18-55 y, posted for functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) under general anaesthesia. Results: Intraoperative administration of magnesium sulphate in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery decreases postoperative agitation and pain intensity; rescue analgesic consumption in the early postoperative period; and the length of stay in PACU. Conclusion: Intravenous Magnesium sulfate decreases patient agitation and pain after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
{"title":"INTRA-OPERATIVE MAGNESIUM SULPHATE INFUSION DECREASES AGITATION AND PAIN IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING FUNCTIONAL ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY-A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED AND DOUBLE-BLINDED CLINICAL TRIAL","authors":"Aman Sai Guntreddy, Korra Gopa Naik, Behara Girish","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2023v15i6.3087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2023v15i6.3087","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the potential role of magnesium sulphate in the reduction of postoperative agitation and pain following functional endoscopic sinus surgery d in the ENT department. Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled double blinded clinical trial was carried out on 100 patients belonging to both sexes, aged between 18-55 y, posted for functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) under general anaesthesia. Results: Intraoperative administration of magnesium sulphate in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery decreases postoperative agitation and pain intensity; rescue analgesic consumption in the early postoperative period; and the length of stay in PACU. Conclusion: Intravenous Magnesium sulfate decreases patient agitation and pain after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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