Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233193
Santanu Mal
Background: cardiovascular diseases are a significant global health challenge is due to their high prevalence and impact on mortality rates. This encompasses a wide range of heart and blood vessel disorders. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for any cardiovascular disease. Objective was to assess the cardiovascular disease among diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. To find out symptoms and management of heart diseases both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted at Navodaya Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Raichur, spanning a duration of six months starting from January 2023 until June 2023. A total of 200 cases were gathered throughout the study period. Results: Among 200 cases 114 patients were male and 86 patients were female. 74 (37%) patients had cardiovascular disease with diabetic and 126 (63%) patients had cardiovascular disease without diabetes. the most common type of cardiovascular disease was found non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) 29.73% with diabetic patients and coronary artery disease 23.01% were found most common with non- diabetic patients. Aspirin was the most common drug both diabetic 74 (17.79%) and non- diabetic patients 126 (18.69%). Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of early detection and effective management of diabetes to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. Additionally, it underscores the need for healthcare providers to closely monitor diabetic patients' cardiovascular health and implement preventive measures to enhance overall patient outcomes.
{"title":"Cardiovascular diseases: clinical presentation and treatment in patients with and without diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Santanu Mal","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233193","url":null,"abstract":"Background: cardiovascular diseases are a significant global health challenge is due to their high prevalence and impact on mortality rates. This encompasses a wide range of heart and blood vessel disorders. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for any cardiovascular disease. Objective was to assess the cardiovascular disease among diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. To find out symptoms and management of heart diseases both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted at Navodaya Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Raichur, spanning a duration of six months starting from January 2023 until June 2023. A total of 200 cases were gathered throughout the study period. Results: Among 200 cases 114 patients were male and 86 patients were female. 74 (37%) patients had cardiovascular disease with diabetic and 126 (63%) patients had cardiovascular disease without diabetes. the most common type of cardiovascular disease was found non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) 29.73% with diabetic patients and coronary artery disease 23.01% were found most common with non- diabetic patients. Aspirin was the most common drug both diabetic 74 (17.79%) and non- diabetic patients 126 (18.69%). Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of early detection and effective management of diabetes to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. Additionally, it underscores the need for healthcare providers to closely monitor diabetic patients' cardiovascular health and implement preventive measures to enhance overall patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233189
Harshal Yeskar, Prasad Makde, Shital Anup Tiware, Trupti M. Shirbhate, Sagar V. Thakre, Chetan S. Darne, Jyoti B. Sable, Komal Khond Warghane, Jagdish R. Baheti
Background: Wrinkles on the face and aging of the skin are an undesirable effect of photodamage and ultraviolet radiation. Serum has a quick absorption and ability to penetrate deep layers of the skin, as well as a non-oily finish and a deep formula with a very high amount of active ingredients. Methods: In this study, we have formulated and evaluated a face serum containing combination of aqueous extract of fenugreek seed and lemon oil. Results: Facial serum was tested for its pH, physical appearance, viscosity, microbial testing, cyclic temperature test, etc. The results of the stability study show that there was no change in visual acuity, homogeneity. Conclusions: Serum containing Fenugreek extract have been able to cure bacterial infections and inflammations of facial skin, and other signs also moistens the skin without any side effects making skin soft, smooth and supple.
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of a face serum containing fenugreek extract","authors":"Harshal Yeskar, Prasad Makde, Shital Anup Tiware, Trupti M. Shirbhate, Sagar V. Thakre, Chetan S. Darne, Jyoti B. Sable, Komal Khond Warghane, Jagdish R. Baheti","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233189","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wrinkles on the face and aging of the skin are an undesirable effect of photodamage and ultraviolet radiation. Serum has a quick absorption and ability to penetrate deep layers of the skin, as well as a non-oily finish and a deep formula with a very high amount of active ingredients. Methods: In this study, we have formulated and evaluated a face serum containing combination of aqueous extract of fenugreek seed and lemon oil. Results: Facial serum was tested for its pH, physical appearance, viscosity, microbial testing, cyclic temperature test, etc. The results of the stability study show that there was no change in visual acuity, homogeneity. Conclusions: Serum containing Fenugreek extract have been able to cure bacterial infections and inflammations of facial skin, and other signs also moistens the skin without any side effects making skin soft, smooth and supple.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"25 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and any other possible drug-related problems. Under reporting of adverse drugs reactions are the global health problem. The adequate knowledge and skills towards pharmacovigilance and adverse drugs reactions reporting are crucial for the health care students to ensure patients’ medication safety. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of the health care students towards pharmacovigilance and ADRs. Methods: A closed ended, structured, self-administered questionnaire was administered to 204 undergraduate health care students to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test) were used for analysis. Results: Among 204 respondents, the majority of them had a poor knowledge (91.18%) and positive attitude (87.25%) towards Pharmacovigilance. The inter quartile range (median) score of the respondents’ knowledge was 5.0±2.211 and attitude was 27.0±2.88 towards Pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting. The main reason for under reporting of ADRs was difficulty to decide whether ADR has occurred or not (32.4%) due to the lack of appropriate knowledge and training. There is a poor knowledge and positive attitude towards Pharmacovigilance. Conclusions: Adequate coverage of Pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting issues should be covered in the curriculum as well as hand on training and workshop should be conducted to increase the knowledge and confidence in detecting, monitoring and reporting ADR in their clinical posting.
背景:药物警戒是与药物不良反应(adr)和任何其他可能的药物相关问题的检测、评估、理解和预防相关的科学和活动。未报告药物不良反应是一个全球性的健康问题。充分的药物警戒和药物不良反应报告知识和技能是医护学生确保患者用药安全的关键。本研究旨在了解医护生对药物警戒及不良反应的认知及态度。方法:采用封闭式、结构化、自填式问卷对204名卫生专业本科生进行问卷调查。数据采用SPSS version 21进行分析。采用非参数检验(Mann Whitney U检验和Kruskal Wallis检验)进行分析。结果:204名受访人员中，大多数对药物警戒的认知不佳(91.18%)，态度积极(87.25%)。受访者对药物警戒和不良反应报告的认知程度为5.0±2.211分，态度程度为27.0±2.88分。漏报ADR的主要原因是由于缺乏适当的知识和培训，难以判断是否发生ADR(32.4%)。对药物警戒缺乏认识和积极的态度。结论:应在课程中充分涵盖药物警戒和不良反应报告问题，并开展实践培训和讲习班，以提高他们在临床岗位上发现、监测和报告不良反应的知识和信心。
{"title":"Knowledge and attitude towards pharmacovigilance among healthcare students at a medical college in Nepal","authors":"Bindu Malla, Komal Prasad Malla, Niranjan Shrestha, Ganesh Dhakal, Deependra Man Shrestha Simangainda, Sushil Nepal, Madan Dhakal","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233188","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and any other possible drug-related problems. Under reporting of adverse drugs reactions are the global health problem. The adequate knowledge and skills towards pharmacovigilance and adverse drugs reactions reporting are crucial for the health care students to ensure patients’ medication safety. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of the health care students towards pharmacovigilance and ADRs. Methods: A closed ended, structured, self-administered questionnaire was administered to 204 undergraduate health care students to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test) were used for analysis. Results: Among 204 respondents, the majority of them had a poor knowledge (91.18%) and positive attitude (87.25%) towards Pharmacovigilance. The inter quartile range (median) score of the respondents’ knowledge was 5.0±2.211 and attitude was 27.0±2.88 towards Pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting. The main reason for under reporting of ADRs was difficulty to decide whether ADR has occurred or not (32.4%) due to the lack of appropriate knowledge and training. There is a poor knowledge and positive attitude towards Pharmacovigilance. Conclusions: Adequate coverage of Pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting issues should be covered in the curriculum as well as hand on training and workshop should be conducted to increase the knowledge and confidence in detecting, monitoring and reporting ADR in their clinical posting.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"55 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135111321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233192
Shibendu Ghosh, Sandip Kumar Das, Krishna C. V., Ritwik Banerjee
Background: Drug solubility, bioavailability, and dissolution rates are important in establishing in vivo efficacy. Eight brands of domperidone proton pump inhibitor combination drugs were compared to enable physicians to take an informed decision regarding the dissolution rates of various domperidone-PPI combinations available in the Indian market to allow identification and prescription of the drug with better bioavailability. Methods: The in vitro dissolution rate of a combination of domperidone-PPI drugs was measured using the United States Pharmacopeia dissolution paddle apparatus. Each flask of the dissolving testing apparatus contained one tablet and 900 mL of the media, which was dissolved in pure water with 1% Tween® stored at 37.4°C. At regular intervals, aliquots were removed, filtered, and the amount of drug released was measured. The cumulative drug release was calculated using a standard formula. Results: P04 and P07 had the fastest and the slowest onsets of action, respectively. P01 (Omez DSR) and P08 exhibited the longest and the shortest durations of action, respectively. The P05, P06, and P08 formulations had greater particulate matter than the other formulations. Under in vitro conditions, the bioavailability of Omez DSR was nearly two-fold higher than P07 and five-fold higher than P08. Conclusions: Although P04 exhibited the fastest onset of action, Omez DSR had the longest duration of action, superior bioavailability, and ensured the rapid and continuous release of domperidone. Omez DSR demonstrated superior properties compared with other brands.
{"title":"Dissolution rates of various brands of proton pump inhibitors in combination with domperidone: an in vitro study","authors":"Shibendu Ghosh, Sandip Kumar Das, Krishna C. V., Ritwik Banerjee","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233192","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Drug solubility, bioavailability, and dissolution rates are important in establishing in vivo efficacy. Eight brands of domperidone proton pump inhibitor combination drugs were compared to enable physicians to take an informed decision regarding the dissolution rates of various domperidone-PPI combinations available in the Indian market to allow identification and prescription of the drug with better bioavailability. Methods: The in vitro dissolution rate of a combination of domperidone-PPI drugs was measured using the United States Pharmacopeia dissolution paddle apparatus. Each flask of the dissolving testing apparatus contained one tablet and 900 mL of the media, which was dissolved in pure water with 1% Tween® stored at 37.4°C. At regular intervals, aliquots were removed, filtered, and the amount of drug released was measured. The cumulative drug release was calculated using a standard formula. Results: P04 and P07 had the fastest and the slowest onsets of action, respectively. P01 (Omez DSR) and P08 exhibited the longest and the shortest durations of action, respectively. The P05, P06, and P08 formulations had greater particulate matter than the other formulations. Under in vitro conditions, the bioavailability of Omez DSR was nearly two-fold higher than P07 and five-fold higher than P08. Conclusions: Although P04 exhibited the fastest onset of action, Omez DSR had the longest duration of action, superior bioavailability, and ensured the rapid and continuous release of domperidone. Omez DSR demonstrated superior properties compared with other brands.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"23 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233191
Sailaxmi Venepally, Indira K., Sankirth Jadala, Murali Krishna C.
Background: National pharmacovigilance program is an ongoing program to monitor the adverse drug reactions and reporting at the earliest. The effectiveness and success of any pharmacovigilance system depends highly on the participation of all health care professionals. As medical students are future health-care givers, this study is aimed to measure perceptions on Pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting among medical students of two different curriculum. Methods: A validated and standardized KAP Questionnaire based cross sectional study. It consists of 22 questions divided into four sections of total of 22 items (six related to Personal details, eight related to knowledge, four related to attitude, and four related to practice) The filled questionnaires were collected and analyzed by MS excel Results: A comparative sample of 100 from old (phase 4) and 100 from New CBME (phase 3) curriculum undergraduate medical students of Government Medical College are included in our study. The average score of phase 3 and phase 4 medical students for knowledge was 85.37% and 75.87%, for attitude was 95.5% and 84% and for practices was 88.75% and 67.5% respectively. Conclusions: The overall knowledge, attitude and practices of new curriculum students found to be better than old curriculum students as CBME curriculum was introduced from the academic year 2019–2020 in all Medical Institutions of India to impart knowledge, communication and leadership skills using various teaching–learning methods among students.
{"title":"Perceptions of undergraduate medical students of old traditional and new CBME curriculum about pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reactions reporting at a tertiary care teaching hospital: a comparative study","authors":"Sailaxmi Venepally, Indira K., Sankirth Jadala, Murali Krishna C.","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233191","url":null,"abstract":"Background: National pharmacovigilance program is an ongoing program to monitor the adverse drug reactions and reporting at the earliest. The effectiveness and success of any pharmacovigilance system depends highly on the participation of all health care professionals. As medical students are future health-care givers, this study is aimed to measure perceptions on Pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting among medical students of two different curriculum. Methods: A validated and standardized KAP Questionnaire based cross sectional study. It consists of 22 questions divided into four sections of total of 22 items (six related to Personal details, eight related to knowledge, four related to attitude, and four related to practice) The filled questionnaires were collected and analyzed by MS excel Results: A comparative sample of 100 from old (phase 4) and 100 from New CBME (phase 3) curriculum undergraduate medical students of Government Medical College are included in our study. The average score of phase 3 and phase 4 medical students for knowledge was 85.37% and 75.87%, for attitude was 95.5% and 84% and for practices was 88.75% and 67.5% respectively. Conclusions: The overall knowledge, attitude and practices of new curriculum students found to be better than old curriculum students as CBME curriculum was introduced from the academic year 2019–2020 in all Medical Institutions of India to impart knowledge, communication and leadership skills using various teaching–learning methods among students.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"34 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug resistance gram-negative bacteria are the most hazardous type of germ because they cause life-threatening illnesses. Polymyxins are cyclic lipodecapeptide antibiotics that are effective against gram-negative bacteria like Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and other Enterobacteriaceae (such Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, and Serratia). Polymyxins kill bacteria by rupturing the bacterial outer membrane (OM). The main side effect of this antibiotic class is the development of kidney damage. Transposable genetic elements, such as MCR genes, can encode bacterial resistance to polymyxins. Colistin's prodrug is colistimethate sodium (CMS). Polymyxin dosage should be modified based on renal function. Polymyxins have demonstrated excellent clinical results, which have aided in the development of a better dosage regimen. Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine the most effective polymyxin dosages. Polymyxin resurgence has resulted in the eradication of multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria.
{"title":"Polymyxins leading to nephrotoxicity","authors":"Siddhartha Lolla, Shaik Nayeem Uddin, Chinta Supriya, Thakur Nikhil Singh","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233202","url":null,"abstract":"Drug resistance gram-negative bacteria are the most hazardous type of germ because they cause life-threatening illnesses. Polymyxins are cyclic lipodecapeptide antibiotics that are effective against gram-negative bacteria like Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and other Enterobacteriaceae (such Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, and Serratia). Polymyxins kill bacteria by rupturing the bacterial outer membrane (OM). The main side effect of this antibiotic class is the development of kidney damage. Transposable genetic elements, such as MCR genes, can encode bacterial resistance to polymyxins. Colistin's prodrug is colistimethate sodium (CMS). Polymyxin dosage should be modified based on renal function. Polymyxins have demonstrated excellent clinical results, which have aided in the development of a better dosage regimen. Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine the most effective polymyxin dosages. Polymyxin resurgence has resulted in the eradication of multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Migraine is one of the leading causes of disability globally. There is scarcity of data on disease -therapy awareness and its correlation with demographic factors. Hence its was of interest to assess those along with quality of life in these patients. Methods: A Cross-sectional observational study was conducted in108 patients attending the Neurology and headache OPD at a tertiary care hospital between March 2017 and August 2018. Disease and therapy awareness among patients were evaluated using validated questionnaires and correlation was done with demographic factors. The severity of the disease and its impact on the patients' quality of life were assessed using the migraine disability assessment scale. Results: The mean disease and therapy awareness scores were 9 and 7 respectively. Both had a positive correlation with education and socioeconomic factors. The quality of life was affected moderately in 48.1% of the patients followed by severely 32.4% of the patients. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 3.05. NSAIDS were used more commonly as compared to Triptans for acute attacks. Conclusions: The disease and therapy awareness were fair and positively correlated with education/ socioeconomic status. However, a significant disability was found among patients even with treatment. This highlights the need for educating these patients for effectively controlling the disability.
{"title":"A study of drug prescription patterns, disease-therapy awareness and of quality of life among patients with migraine visiting a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India","authors":"Shruti Bhide, Pragya Verma, Sangeeta Ravat, Chetan Phirke, Shirish Rao","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233198","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Migraine is one of the leading causes of disability globally. There is scarcity of data on disease -therapy awareness and its correlation with demographic factors. Hence its was of interest to assess those along with quality of life in these patients. Methods: A Cross-sectional observational study was conducted in108 patients attending the Neurology and headache OPD at a tertiary care hospital between March 2017 and August 2018. Disease and therapy awareness among patients were evaluated using validated questionnaires and correlation was done with demographic factors. The severity of the disease and its impact on the patients' quality of life were assessed using the migraine disability assessment scale. Results: The mean disease and therapy awareness scores were 9 and 7 respectively. Both had a positive correlation with education and socioeconomic factors. The quality of life was affected moderately in 48.1% of the patients followed by severely 32.4% of the patients. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 3.05. NSAIDS were used more commonly as compared to Triptans for acute attacks. Conclusions: The disease and therapy awareness were fair and positively correlated with education/ socioeconomic status. However, a significant disability was found among patients even with treatment. This highlights the need for educating these patients for effectively controlling the disability.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"50 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233195
Kavita M. Jaiswal, Austina A., Jijo Philip Abraham, Augustine V. Thomas
Background: Promotion of drugs by pharmaceutical industries is fully regulated by drug regulators. Doctors are focus of intense marketing by representatives of pharmaceutical companies (MR). It is reported that very few physicians are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to critically assess the information delivered in drug promotional literature (DPL). Hence this study was carried out with the objective to determine knowledge, attitude and practices of doctors about the DPL Methods: This was a questionnaire-based study population included clinicians working in a government set up and others doing private practice. Questionnaire was circulated online on social media platforms via Google forms. Results: The 32.11% participants were aware of regulations and guidelines of DPL in India 80.7% participants searched for cost of medicine on DPL, 54.12% respondents perceive that the product claims made on DPL are balanced and supported by good evidence, 56.88% participants opined that their integrity is compromised by accepting gift from MR, 43.1% participants are exposed to drug advertisement through social media and 51.06% of them opined that their prescribing habits are influenced through this. Writing brand names while prescribing is significantly more in private practitioners as compared to doctors employed in government set up. Conclusions: DPL serves to update the knowledge of the busy clinicians of the latest developments in the medical field. Quality check of drug promotion on social media is the need of the hour as this is influential. Private practitioners need to be addressed regarding enforced laws for rational prescribing.
{"title":"Knowledge attitude and practices of drug promotional literature: a clinician’s perspective","authors":"Kavita M. Jaiswal, Austina A., Jijo Philip Abraham, Augustine V. Thomas","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20233195","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Promotion of drugs by pharmaceutical industries is fully regulated by drug regulators. Doctors are focus of intense marketing by representatives of pharmaceutical companies (MR). It is reported that very few physicians are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to critically assess the information delivered in drug promotional literature (DPL). Hence this study was carried out with the objective to determine knowledge, attitude and practices of doctors about the DPL Methods: This was a questionnaire-based study population included clinicians working in a government set up and others doing private practice. Questionnaire was circulated online on social media platforms via Google forms. Results: The 32.11% participants were aware of regulations and guidelines of DPL in India 80.7% participants searched for cost of medicine on DPL, 54.12% respondents perceive that the product claims made on DPL are balanced and supported by good evidence, 56.88% participants opined that their integrity is compromised by accepting gift from MR, 43.1% participants are exposed to drug advertisement through social media and 51.06% of them opined that their prescribing habits are influenced through this. Writing brand names while prescribing is significantly more in private practitioners as compared to doctors employed in government set up. Conclusions: DPL serves to update the knowledge of the busy clinicians of the latest developments in the medical field. Quality check of drug promotion on social media is the need of the hour as this is influential. Private practitioners need to be addressed regarding enforced laws for rational prescribing.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20232863
Mayur P. Pawar, Anita H. Yuwnate, Amrita Umathe, Jijo P. Abraham
Background: Studies on antidiabetic drug utilization are important for the optimization of drug therapy and rational prescription of drugs. The aim of the present study was to understand the trends in prescription pattern of oral anti-diabetic drugs among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients attending medicine outpatient department of tertiary care hospital of Western Maharashtra. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Medicine OPD of Government Medical College and Hospital, Miraj. All adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with T2DM and willing to give informed consent to participate in the study, were enrolled. The study was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee. The data was computed using MS excel and results were expressed as counts and percentages. Results: Out of 72 T2DM patients enrolled, male population (58.33%) had higher prevalence than females (41.67%). Biguanides (63.16%) were the most commonly prescribed class of oral antidiabetic drugs followed by sulfonylureas (35.09%). Metformin (63.16%) was the most commonly prescribed oral antidiabetic drug followed by glimepiride (30.70%). Combination of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) were prescribed in 52.78% and 47.22% patients were prescribed single drug. ‘Metformin and glimepiride’ was the most commonly prescribed combination. Conclusions: In a chronic disease like diabetes mellitus, constant follow up for successful management is a must. It also demands active participation by the patients. Continuing education for the clinicians to keep themselves abreast of the latest development will also contribute in the effective management of diabetes mellitus and rational prescription of antidiabetic drugs.
{"title":"Drug utilization study of anti-diabetic drugs in patients attending medicine outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra","authors":"Mayur P. Pawar, Anita H. Yuwnate, Amrita Umathe, Jijo P. Abraham","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20232863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20232863","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Studies on antidiabetic drug utilization are important for the optimization of drug therapy and rational prescription of drugs. The aim of the present study was to understand the trends in prescription pattern of oral anti-diabetic drugs among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients attending medicine outpatient department of tertiary care hospital of Western Maharashtra. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Medicine OPD of Government Medical College and Hospital, Miraj. All adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with T2DM and willing to give informed consent to participate in the study, were enrolled. The study was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee. The data was computed using MS excel and results were expressed as counts and percentages. Results: Out of 72 T2DM patients enrolled, male population (58.33%) had higher prevalence than females (41.67%). Biguanides (63.16%) were the most commonly prescribed class of oral antidiabetic drugs followed by sulfonylureas (35.09%). Metformin (63.16%) was the most commonly prescribed oral antidiabetic drug followed by glimepiride (30.70%). Combination of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) were prescribed in 52.78% and 47.22% patients were prescribed single drug. ‘Metformin and glimepiride’ was the most commonly prescribed combination. Conclusions: In a chronic disease like diabetes mellitus, constant follow up for successful management is a must. It also demands active participation by the patients. Continuing education for the clinicians to keep themselves abreast of the latest development will also contribute in the effective management of diabetes mellitus and rational prescription of antidiabetic drugs.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20232845
Namratha M. V., Anuradha H. V., Mahendra J. V.
Background: Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder in world. Managing an epilepsy with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) either as monotherapy or polytherapy is necessary to reduce the deleterious effect of the disease and to provide neuroprotection. AEDs exert their negative effects on cognition by suppressing neuronal excitability or enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission. These neuropsychological side effects are found to be modest when the drug level is within the therapeutic concentration and used as monotherapy. Objectives were to assess the prevalence of neuropsychological side effects among epilepsy patients who were on antiepileptic drug therapy. Methods: An open label, cross-sectional, clinical study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, 126 participants were recruited. Participants demographic data, detailed medical and seizure history followed by neuropsychological tests was performed. The prevalence was assessed based on the number of participants scoring <15th percentile in one or more tests. Results: Out of 126 participants who were recruited, 82 participants were on monotherapy and 44 participants were on polytherapy. Levetiracetam was the most commonly prescribed drug as monotherapy, followed by phenytoin, carbamazepine and valproate; whereas in polytherapy levetiracetam, clobazam followed by phenytoin were the commonly prescribed AED. The most common adverse effect was drowsiness, followed by headache, hypersensitivity reaction, giddiness, tremors, anxiety etc. The prevalence of neuropsychological side effects was 77.8%. The prevalence of impairment between monotherapy and polytherapy was statistically insignificant (p=0.727). Conclusions: In this study, levetiracetam was the most commonly prescribed drug and the most common adverse effect was drowsiness due to AEDs. The subgroup analyses between monotherapy and polytherapy did not show any statistically significant neuropsychological impairment when compared based on the gender, age groups, duration of epilepsy with medication and duration of current therapy.
{"title":"Neuropsychological side effects of anti-epileptic drugs in epilepsy patients: a cross sectional study","authors":"Namratha M. V., Anuradha H. V., Mahendra J. V.","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20232845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20232845","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder in world. Managing an epilepsy with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) either as monotherapy or polytherapy is necessary to reduce the deleterious effect of the disease and to provide neuroprotection. AEDs exert their negative effects on cognition by suppressing neuronal excitability or enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission. These neuropsychological side effects are found to be modest when the drug level is within the therapeutic concentration and used as monotherapy. Objectives were to assess the prevalence of neuropsychological side effects among epilepsy patients who were on antiepileptic drug therapy. Methods: An open label, cross-sectional, clinical study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, 126 participants were recruited. Participants demographic data, detailed medical and seizure history followed by neuropsychological tests was performed. The prevalence was assessed based on the number of participants scoring <15th percentile in one or more tests. Results: Out of 126 participants who were recruited, 82 participants were on monotherapy and 44 participants were on polytherapy. Levetiracetam was the most commonly prescribed drug as monotherapy, followed by phenytoin, carbamazepine and valproate; whereas in polytherapy levetiracetam, clobazam followed by phenytoin were the commonly prescribed AED. The most common adverse effect was drowsiness, followed by headache, hypersensitivity reaction, giddiness, tremors, anxiety etc. The prevalence of neuropsychological side effects was 77.8%. The prevalence of impairment between monotherapy and polytherapy was statistically insignificant (p=0.727). Conclusions: In this study, levetiracetam was the most commonly prescribed drug and the most common adverse effect was drowsiness due to AEDs. The subgroup analyses between monotherapy and polytherapy did not show any statistically significant neuropsychological impairment when compared based on the gender, age groups, duration of epilepsy with medication and duration of current therapy.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"297 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134970382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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