Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212090
A. Choudhury, D. Jha, U. Rajashekhar
Herbal plants are arguably poised for a comeback as like sources of ethnic health products in the main due after their vast desire in accordance with synthesize complicated combinations on structurally diverse compounds, which ought to furnish a safer than more holistic approach in conformity with disease cure and prevention. Ficus hispida (FH) Linn belonging to the family Moraceae, who have various pharmacognostic properties. The class Ficus constitutes a necessary crew on trees, now not solely concerning their extensive medicinal virtue however also of their growth habits yet religious significance. Almost every part over those plants is ancient as a traditional belief on treatment because of the treatment on a variety of ailments through Indian traditional healers. The goal on the existing instruction is to accumulate competencies over ethno-medicinal and pharmacognostic importance about FH. FH includes extensive sorts on bioactives compounds as alkaloids, proteins and amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, sterols, phenols, glycosides, gums and mucilage, saponins and terpenes. Multiple scientific researches have been published to establish the scientific foundation over common medicinal values attributed in conformity with FH of terms on ayurvedic usage the plant for blood disorders, anemia, dysentery, hemorrhoids, stomatorrhagia, jaundice and ulcers. The crop fruits are used namely aphrodisiac, lactagogue, emetic and tonic. Furthermore, pharmacological activities like anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory have been additionally acknowledged recently. Till now, no action has been published in conformity with elaborate the pharmacognostic functions of FH Linn. The existing decrial is, therefore, an endeavour to relinquish a clear estimate of its pharmacognosy and phytochemistry and a considerable survey over its pharmacological activities.
{"title":"A phytochemical and pharmacognostic approach of Ficus hispida Linn: a review","authors":"A. Choudhury, D. Jha, U. Rajashekhar","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212090","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal plants are arguably poised for a comeback as like sources of ethnic health products in the main due after their vast desire in accordance with synthesize complicated combinations on structurally diverse compounds, which ought to furnish a safer than more holistic approach in conformity with disease cure and prevention. Ficus hispida (FH) Linn belonging to the family Moraceae, who have various pharmacognostic properties. The class Ficus constitutes a necessary crew on trees, now not solely concerning their extensive medicinal virtue however also of their growth habits yet religious significance. Almost every part over those plants is ancient as a traditional belief on treatment because of the treatment on a variety of ailments through Indian traditional healers. The goal on the existing instruction is to accumulate competencies over ethno-medicinal and pharmacognostic importance about FH. FH includes extensive sorts on bioactives compounds as alkaloids, proteins and amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, sterols, phenols, glycosides, gums and mucilage, saponins and terpenes. Multiple scientific researches have been published to establish the scientific foundation over common medicinal values attributed in conformity with FH of terms on ayurvedic usage the plant for blood disorders, anemia, dysentery, hemorrhoids, stomatorrhagia, jaundice and ulcers. The crop fruits are used namely aphrodisiac, lactagogue, emetic and tonic. Furthermore, pharmacological activities like anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory have been additionally acknowledged recently. Till now, no action has been published in conformity with elaborate the pharmacognostic functions of FH Linn. The existing decrial is, therefore, an endeavour to relinquish a clear estimate of its pharmacognosy and phytochemistry and a considerable survey over its pharmacological activities.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"32 1","pages":"759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84993176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212085
C. Sharma, A. Badyal
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease in developed countries and obesity contributing maximum to the disease load. A reduction in the energy content of diet, alone, may not prevent NAFLD, nor could alleviate it. Recent studies are bringing to light the association, importance and role of dietary vitamins and liver fat accumulation. Vitamin B12 is involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body. It is a cofactor in DNA synthesis and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Still, the influence of vitamin B12 deficiency on NAFLD has not been studied much. Methods: A case control observational study was conducted in the department of medicine, community health center, Katra during the period of August 2018 to July 2019. The study was conducted on 150 NAFLD patients and 50 aged and gender-matched healthy controls. Patients showing ethanol consumption, liver cirrhosis, DM, pancreatitis, renal failure or cancer were excluded. Results: Patients and controls almost matched in all clinical examinations like fever, jaundice, nausea, but vitamin B12 levels were significantly low among cases and stood at 377.60±181.43 pg/ml as against 548.28±285.70 for controls, but still remained within the reference range. Vitamin D levels were also found to be lower among cases. B12 deficiency is extremely common in India with an estimated prevalence of 47% and more males tend to have NAFLD than females. Conclusions: For better management of the disease, vitamin B12 levels should be assessed in all NAFLD patients.
{"title":"Association between vitamin B12 and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case control study in Katra Jammu","authors":"C. Sharma, A. Badyal","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212085","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease in developed countries and obesity contributing maximum to the disease load. A reduction in the energy content of diet, alone, may not prevent NAFLD, nor could alleviate it. Recent studies are bringing to light the association, importance and role of dietary vitamins and liver fat accumulation. Vitamin B12 is involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body. It is a cofactor in DNA synthesis and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Still, the influence of vitamin B12 deficiency on NAFLD has not been studied much. Methods: A case control observational study was conducted in the department of medicine, community health center, Katra during the period of August 2018 to July 2019. The study was conducted on 150 NAFLD patients and 50 aged and gender-matched healthy controls. Patients showing ethanol consumption, liver cirrhosis, DM, pancreatitis, renal failure or cancer were excluded. Results: Patients and controls almost matched in all clinical examinations like fever, jaundice, nausea, but vitamin B12 levels were significantly low among cases and stood at 377.60±181.43 pg/ml as against 548.28±285.70 for controls, but still remained within the reference range. Vitamin D levels were also found to be lower among cases. B12 deficiency is extremely common in India with an estimated prevalence of 47% and more males tend to have NAFLD than females. Conclusions: For better management of the disease, vitamin B12 levels should be assessed in all NAFLD patients.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88161455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212074
Ankita Singh, D. Kushwah, Neha Khatik, Beenu Kushwah
Background: Termination of unwanted pregnancies with medical method using recommended protocol based abortifacient drugs is a standard practice followed by obstetricians and gynaecologists worldwide which has a very successful outcome. However, self-administration of these drugs has become rampant because of certain social and practical issues resulting in complications and incomplete abortions as when these drugs are self-administered, recommended protocol is not generally followed. Traditionally incomplete abortions are managed by surgical curettage which itself is associated with procedure related complication and has been challenged by recent studies. Based on these studies many international guidelines have come out in support of expectant management of incomplete abortions. This study compared both of these management protocols to treat incomplete abortions caused by unprescribed intake of abortifacient drugs. Methods: This was a one-year long prospective randomized controlled study in which total 782 females were randomized into two groups of 371 and 411. Group 1 was offered expectant management while group 2 was offered surgical curettage. Results were analysed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Group 1 showed a success rate of 86% while group 2 showed a success rate of 90% which was comparable. Overall complication rate was found to be higher in Surgical curettage group than in the group which underwent expectant management group. Conclusions: Considering a very high number of patients coming with incomplete abortions caused by self-medication in present practice, expectant management seems to be a safer and more effective method and should be practice more widely.
{"title":"Expectant versus surgical management of incomplete abortions caused by self-intake of abortifacient drugs: results from a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ankita Singh, D. Kushwah, Neha Khatik, Beenu Kushwah","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212074","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Termination of unwanted pregnancies with medical method using recommended protocol based abortifacient drugs is a standard practice followed by obstetricians and gynaecologists worldwide which has a very successful outcome. However, self-administration of these drugs has become rampant because of certain social and practical issues resulting in complications and incomplete abortions as when these drugs are self-administered, recommended protocol is not generally followed. Traditionally incomplete abortions are managed by surgical curettage which itself is associated with procedure related complication and has been challenged by recent studies. Based on these studies many international guidelines have come out in support of expectant management of incomplete abortions. This study compared both of these management protocols to treat incomplete abortions caused by unprescribed intake of abortifacient drugs. Methods: This was a one-year long prospective randomized controlled study in which total 782 females were randomized into two groups of 371 and 411. Group 1 was offered expectant management while group 2 was offered surgical curettage. Results were analysed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Group 1 showed a success rate of 86% while group 2 showed a success rate of 90% which was comparable. Overall complication rate was found to be higher in Surgical curettage group than in the group which underwent expectant management group. Conclusions: Considering a very high number of patients coming with incomplete abortions caused by self-medication in present practice, expectant management seems to be a safer and more effective method and should be practice more widely.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"3 1","pages":"660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83362360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212084
S. Chandra, S. Kaur, Deepali Jayabhaye, A. Ubale
Background: Hypertension is one of the highest prevailing diseases worldwide. Due to long term therapy antihypertensive drugs are commonly associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Therefore, the study was conducted with the objective to examine the incidence of different types of ADRs in drug treated hypertensive patients. Methods: Present study was a prospective cross sectional observational study carried out in the outpatient of department of medicine of MGM hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital, in Aurangabad. 320 diagnosed hypertensive patients were studied. Questionnaire was asked and their prescription were analysed and follow up was done. Results: Among 320 patient’s 75 patients were reported ADR. Males accounted for higher percent of ADRs 46 (61%) than females 29 (38.6%). Most of the patients 147 (55.9%) were on mono therapy. Calcium channel blocker was the frequently used class of drug, showed maximum number of ADR (30.6%) followed by ACE inhibitor (28%) and ARB (21.3%). As per WHO-UMC scale, type of reactions and their percentage were as certain (9.3%), Probable/ Likely (64%), possible (22.6%), and unlikely (4%). According to Naranjo scale most of the reactions were possible (64%). severity assessment is done by Hartwig and Siegel scale. No lethal ADR were reported. 4% reactions were severe, 32% were of moderate category and 64% were mild reactions. Conclusions: Such type of studies are helpful in selection of appropriate medicines for hypertensive patients, enhancing patient adherence with the therapy by selecting medicines of lesser ADR profile, reducing unnecessary economic burden to the patients due to unwanted effects of the therapy.
{"title":"Adverse drug reaction monitoring in patients of hypertension at a tertiary care hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India","authors":"S. Chandra, S. Kaur, Deepali Jayabhaye, A. Ubale","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212084","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension is one of the highest prevailing diseases worldwide. Due to long term therapy antihypertensive drugs are commonly associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Therefore, the study was conducted with the objective to examine the incidence of different types of ADRs in drug treated hypertensive patients. Methods: Present study was a prospective cross sectional observational study carried out in the outpatient of department of medicine of MGM hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital, in Aurangabad. 320 diagnosed hypertensive patients were studied. Questionnaire was asked and their prescription were analysed and follow up was done. Results: Among 320 patient’s 75 patients were reported ADR. Males accounted for higher percent of ADRs 46 (61%) than females 29 (38.6%). Most of the patients 147 (55.9%) were on mono therapy. Calcium channel blocker was the frequently used class of drug, showed maximum number of ADR (30.6%) followed by ACE inhibitor (28%) and ARB (21.3%). As per WHO-UMC scale, type of reactions and their percentage were as certain (9.3%), Probable/ Likely (64%), possible (22.6%), and unlikely (4%). According to Naranjo scale most of the reactions were possible (64%). severity assessment is done by Hartwig and Siegel scale. No lethal ADR were reported. 4% reactions were severe, 32% were of moderate category and 64% were mild reactions. Conclusions: Such type of studies are helpful in selection of appropriate medicines for hypertensive patients, enhancing patient adherence with the therapy by selecting medicines of lesser ADR profile, reducing unnecessary economic burden to the patients due to unwanted effects of the therapy.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"22 1","pages":"720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81963807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212093
V. Kushwaha, P. Agrawal, M. K. Tripathi, V. Shukla
In India Doctorate of Medicine (MD) pharmacology is primarily knowledge oriented based on teaching, seminars, lectures and research related activities including animals and paper-based experiments and day to day management of undergraduate classes. MD pharmacology student should be competent of both clinical and experimental pharmacology. So, the postgraduate pharmacology curriculum should be competent to meet all the job requirements. Therefore, medical council of India (MCI) has introduced new post graduate curriculum which is based on knowledge, practical, clinical skills, thesis skills, and attitudes including communication and training in research. In India demand for skilled clinical research professionals is increasing day by day for growing pharma industries and good academician. So, there is an urgent need for the experienced and skilled pharmacologist to fulfil the requirements. MD pharmacology students should get posting in different clinical departments and observatory posting in industry, clinical research organization (CRO), regulatory body and research organisations. The course of MD Pharmacology should be like that fulfil all the skills that a pharmacologist must have.
{"title":"Postgraduate pharmacology curriculum in current scenario and future prospects: an educational forum","authors":"V. Kushwaha, P. Agrawal, M. K. Tripathi, V. Shukla","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212093","url":null,"abstract":"In India Doctorate of Medicine (MD) pharmacology is primarily knowledge oriented based on teaching, seminars, lectures and research related activities including animals and paper-based experiments and day to day management of undergraduate classes. MD pharmacology student should be competent of both clinical and experimental pharmacology. So, the postgraduate pharmacology curriculum should be competent to meet all the job requirements. Therefore, medical council of India (MCI) has introduced new post graduate curriculum which is based on knowledge, practical, clinical skills, thesis skills, and attitudes including communication and training in research. In India demand for skilled clinical research professionals is increasing day by day for growing pharma industries and good academician. So, there is an urgent need for the experienced and skilled pharmacologist to fulfil the requirements. MD pharmacology students should get posting in different clinical departments and observatory posting in industry, clinical research organization (CRO), regulatory body and research organisations. The course of MD Pharmacology should be like that fulfil all the skills that a pharmacologist must have.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"61 1","pages":"770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82886827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212068
J. Hotwani, Nishikant H. Madkholkar
Background: Antimicrobials are used for prophylaxis and treatment of infections which occur following surgical procedures, to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical site infections (SSIs). A surgical site infection is an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. These are infections of the tissues, organs, or spaces exposed by surgeons during performance of an invasive procedure. Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, observational study in tertiary care hospital for duration of 9 months. Sample size was 330. Results: The prescription pattern shows that nitroimidazoles were the most commonly prescribed group of antimicrobials in 72% of patients followed by penicillins (58%) and cephalosporins (42%). Metronidazole (72%), amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (51.21%) ceftriaxone (20.90%) were most commonly prescribed antimicrobials in these groups. Two antimicrobials were prescribed in 47% patients with nitroimidazole and penicillins being the most commonly prescribed combination of antimicrobial. Three antimicrobials were prescribed in 25% patients and four antimicrobials in 8% patients. This shows trend towards polypharmacy. About 82% of antimicrobials were prescribed by brand names and 64% of total antimicrobials prescribed from outside the hospital pharmacy source. About 12.42% of patients changed antimicrobial therapy after culture and sensitivity report. Conclusions: Total duration, number of anti-microbial used was more in clean-contaminated, contaminated, dirty wound surgeries as compare to clean wound surgeries. Our study provides a framework for continuous prescription audit of antimicrobials in a hospital setting and thus can help in rational use of antimicrobials in post-operative surgical patients.
{"title":"Study of prescription pattern of antimicrobials used in post-operative surgical patients in tertiary care hospital","authors":"J. Hotwani, Nishikant H. Madkholkar","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212068","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antimicrobials are used for prophylaxis and treatment of infections which occur following surgical procedures, to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical site infections (SSIs). A surgical site infection is an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. These are infections of the tissues, organs, or spaces exposed by surgeons during performance of an invasive procedure. Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, observational study in tertiary care hospital for duration of 9 months. Sample size was 330. Results: The prescription pattern shows that nitroimidazoles were the most commonly prescribed group of antimicrobials in 72% of patients followed by penicillins (58%) and cephalosporins (42%). Metronidazole (72%), amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (51.21%) ceftriaxone (20.90%) were most commonly prescribed antimicrobials in these groups. Two antimicrobials were prescribed in 47% patients with nitroimidazole and penicillins being the most commonly prescribed combination of antimicrobial. Three antimicrobials were prescribed in 25% patients and four antimicrobials in 8% patients. This shows trend towards polypharmacy. About 82% of antimicrobials were prescribed by brand names and 64% of total antimicrobials prescribed from outside the hospital pharmacy source. About 12.42% of patients changed antimicrobial therapy after culture and sensitivity report. Conclusions: Total duration, number of anti-microbial used was more in clean-contaminated, contaminated, dirty wound surgeries as compare to clean wound surgeries. Our study provides a framework for continuous prescription audit of antimicrobials in a hospital setting and thus can help in rational use of antimicrobials in post-operative surgical patients.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"41 1","pages":"627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84489051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212078
Sonali Naringrekar, Jayesh Mamtora
Background: It would be worthwhile to investigate if it is possible to obtain an anti-inflammatory effect with a lower dose of etoricoxib after it has been combined with calcium, the effect of which is equivalent to higher dose of etoricoxib. Hence the aim was to study effect of calcium and calcium gluconate on the anti-inflammatory activity of etoricoxib. Methods: Animals were distributed in five groups each group containing six rats. Experiments were conducted between 9:00 to 16:00 hours. All animal procedures were performed in accordance with the recommendations for proper care and use of laboratory animal .The doses of drugs employed in the study were based upon the human dose after conversion to that of rat. Results: The results of present study indicate that calcium gluconate (50 mg/kg) combined with etoricoxib (5 mg/kg) possesses significant anti-inflammatory property both in acute and subacute models of inflammation which was comparable to that of etoricoxib (8 mg/kg). Conclusions: From the present study it is concluded that calcium gluconate (50 mg/kg) possesses an antiinflammatory activity. Lower dose of etoricoxib (5 mg/kg) if combined with calcium gluconate (50 mg/kg) can produce significant anti-inflammatory effect. The advantages of such combined preparations are obviously a reduction in the dose of etoricoxib that could still produce significant anti-inflammatory action and a possible protection against COX -2 inhibitor induced prothrombotic events. It is worthwhile to evaluate such preparations through clinical trials.
{"title":"Assessment of the effect of calcium on the anti-inflammatory activity of etoricoxib in albino rats","authors":"Sonali Naringrekar, Jayesh Mamtora","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212078","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It would be worthwhile to investigate if it is possible to obtain an anti-inflammatory effect with a lower dose of etoricoxib after it has been combined with calcium, the effect of which is equivalent to higher dose of etoricoxib. Hence the aim was to study effect of calcium and calcium gluconate on the anti-inflammatory activity of etoricoxib. Methods: Animals were distributed in five groups each group containing six rats. Experiments were conducted between 9:00 to 16:00 hours. All animal procedures were performed in accordance with the recommendations for proper care and use of laboratory animal .The doses of drugs employed in the study were based upon the human dose after conversion to that of rat. Results: The results of present study indicate that calcium gluconate (50 mg/kg) combined with etoricoxib (5 mg/kg) possesses significant anti-inflammatory property both in acute and subacute models of inflammation which was comparable to that of etoricoxib (8 mg/kg). Conclusions: From the present study it is concluded that calcium gluconate (50 mg/kg) possesses an antiinflammatory activity. Lower dose of etoricoxib (5 mg/kg) if combined with calcium gluconate (50 mg/kg) can produce significant anti-inflammatory effect. The advantages of such combined preparations are obviously a reduction in the dose of etoricoxib that could still produce significant anti-inflammatory action and a possible protection against COX -2 inhibitor induced prothrombotic events. It is worthwhile to evaluate such preparations through clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"457 1","pages":"683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77028461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212070
H. Fatima, Ghulam Subhani, M. Mohsin, D. Devi
Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an important tool in generating adverse drug reaction (ADR) data. However, the practice of PV is still very low among health care professionals due to lack of knowledge and awareness. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of PV among health care professionals and to assess subsequent change in these after PV training session. Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among health care professionals of a tertiary health care and teaching institute. Participants were given a questionnaire. They completed it before and after undergoing training programme in PV. Impact of effectiveness of educational intervention (continuing medical education-CME (pharmacovigilance workshop) was evaluated by paired t-test. Results: Out of 110 participants, 96 participants completely filled the questionnaire before and after the educational intervention (CME). CME on PV was found to increase knowledge and positive attitudes towards various aspects of PV. Conclusions: Training programme on PV will help increase the knowledge as well as awareness about principles and techniques of PV and improve the rate of spontaneous ADR reporting. Organising frequent CME programmes and workshops will increase the credibility of health care in the country.
{"title":"A questionnaire based study-assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance among health care professionals, pre and post educational intervention","authors":"H. Fatima, Ghulam Subhani, M. Mohsin, D. Devi","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212070","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an important tool in generating adverse drug reaction (ADR) data. However, the practice of PV is still very low among health care professionals due to lack of knowledge and awareness. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of PV among health care professionals and to assess subsequent change in these after PV training session. Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among health care professionals of a tertiary health care and teaching institute. Participants were given a questionnaire. They completed it before and after undergoing training programme in PV. Impact of effectiveness of educational intervention (continuing medical education-CME (pharmacovigilance workshop) was evaluated by paired t-test. Results: Out of 110 participants, 96 participants completely filled the questionnaire before and after the educational intervention (CME). CME on PV was found to increase knowledge and positive attitudes towards various aspects of PV. Conclusions: Training programme on PV will help increase the knowledge as well as awareness about principles and techniques of PV and improve the rate of spontaneous ADR reporting. Organising frequent CME programmes and workshops will increase the credibility of health care in the country.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"111 1","pages":"638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76190307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212091
A. Bhardwaj, V. Roy, Manik S. Ghadlinge’s, Anubhav Dua
A case report of a 73-year-old man admitted in the intensive care unit with acute renal failure and lithium toxicity is reported. Lithium is a gold standard drug for bipolar disorder. It has a narrow therapeutic index and requires blood level monitoring frequently. Hemodialysis is the last resort in management of lithium toxicity but in between high rebound levels during the dialysis result in persistent CNS toxicity.
{"title":"Lithium carbonate toxicity in an elderly patient: a case report","authors":"A. Bhardwaj, V. Roy, Manik S. Ghadlinge’s, Anubhav Dua","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212091","url":null,"abstract":"A case report of a 73-year-old man admitted in the intensive care unit with acute renal failure and lithium toxicity is reported. Lithium is a gold standard drug for bipolar disorder. It has a narrow therapeutic index and requires blood level monitoring frequently. Hemodialysis is the last resort in management of lithium toxicity but in between high rebound levels during the dialysis result in persistent CNS toxicity.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"24 1","pages":"766"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82144096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212067
V. Verma, Biswadeep Banerjee, A. Mehta
Background: The involvement of one or more 5-HT receptor sub-types in the pathophysiology of depression is still unclear. The study was performed to investigate the effect of ondansetron and buspirone on depression, and their interaction with fluoxetine or desipramine.Methods: The mice were administered ondansetron, buspirone alone and in combinations with fluoxetine or desipramine for 21 days, and the antidepressant effect was assessed by the immobility period and the sucrose consumption, on the tail suspension test (TST) and the chronic mild stress (CMS) models, respectively.Results: Both ondansetron and buspirone when given alone demonstrated slight non-significant decrease in the immobility time. Ondensetron when given in combination with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg; i.p.) and desipramine (15 mg/kg; i.p.), showed significant decrease in immobility time in comparison to the control group only. On the other hand, both the combinations of buspirone, either with fluoxetine or desipramine showed significant decrease in the immobility time when compared to the respective group. In CMS, the fluoxetine, desipramine, ondansetron, and buspirone showed gradual increase in the sucrose consumption, at the end of 4th, 5th, and 6th week, but the significant effect was observed only at the end of 6th week, as compared to the control. The combination of buspirone with desipramine but not with fluoxetine showed significant increase in sucrose consumption when compared to respective group.Conclusions: Therefore, the study indicates that both buspirone and ondansetron have a potential antidepressant like action, although buspirone has shown better antidepressant activity than ondansetron as observed in various combination groups.
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