Pub Date : 2021-09-23DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20213751
G. V. Semmalar, S. Anisha, B. Sheetal, R. Saravanakumar, K. Latha
{"title":"Study on drug profile used in common pregnancy influenced issues and its complications","authors":"G. V. Semmalar, S. Anisha, B. Sheetal, R. Saravanakumar, K. Latha","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20213751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20213751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73931706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212071
Shabbir R. Pendhari, K. Joshi, R. Limaye
Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are generally thought to be safer drug with fewer adverse effects. Though this class of the drug is thought to be well tolerated, a detail study about actual use of these agents in nephrology department is still awaited in many parts of India. There had been case reports and case series which were reporting PPIs producing acute interstitial nephritis progressing to acute renal failure. The risk of PPI treatment in haemodialysis patients remains unexplored. The aim of the study was to evaluate a drug utilization of PPI in patient undergoing haemodialysis procedure. Methods: In this study every day visit to the dialysis units of the hospitals was carried out. After taking consent from the patients, the information from the case-report form was noted like; age, sex, diagnosis, laboratory reports and drug prescried. No personally identifiable information about patient or physician was collected. After this an interview of patients was taken. Results: In this study, out of 126 patients 76.6% were male and 23.4% were female. Out of these 126 patients 88.89% patients were on PPI. Nearly 54% were using PPI for more than six months. Nearly 29% patients were using PPI for more than 12 months. Conclusions: As many case-reports and studies are suggesting, there is co-relation of PPI and acute interstitial nephritis from this study we suggest that especially in nephrology unit patients’, more caution must be exercised while using PPI.
{"title":"Use of proton pump inhibitors in dialysis unit in tertiary care hospital: a pharmaco-epidemiological study","authors":"Shabbir R. Pendhari, K. Joshi, R. Limaye","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212071","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are generally thought to be safer drug with fewer adverse effects. Though this class of the drug is thought to be well tolerated, a detail study about actual use of these agents in nephrology department is still awaited in many parts of India. There had been case reports and case series which were reporting PPIs producing acute interstitial nephritis progressing to acute renal failure. The risk of PPI treatment in haemodialysis patients remains unexplored. The aim of the study was to evaluate a drug utilization of PPI in patient undergoing haemodialysis procedure. Methods: In this study every day visit to the dialysis units of the hospitals was carried out. After taking consent from the patients, the information from the case-report form was noted like; age, sex, diagnosis, laboratory reports and drug prescried. No personally identifiable information about patient or physician was collected. After this an interview of patients was taken. Results: In this study, out of 126 patients 76.6% were male and 23.4% were female. Out of these 126 patients 88.89% patients were on PPI. Nearly 54% were using PPI for more than six months. Nearly 29% patients were using PPI for more than 12 months. Conclusions: As many case-reports and studies are suggesting, there is co-relation of PPI and acute interstitial nephritis from this study we suggest that especially in nephrology unit patients’, more caution must be exercised while using PPI.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"257 1","pages":"643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77684585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212088
S. Bhanwra, S. Mahajan, R. Kumar
Lasmiditan is the first neurally acting drug for the treatment of acute migraine. It is a highly selective, orally acting 5HT1F agonist that was approved in November 2019, for the acute treatment of migraine in adults, with or without aura, by USFDA. Lesmiditan may help in terminating the acute attack of migraine by inhibiting the central and peripheral neuronal activity and the release of CGRP.
{"title":"Lasmiditan: the first neurally acting anti-migraine drug","authors":"S. Bhanwra, S. Mahajan, R. Kumar","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212088","url":null,"abstract":"Lasmiditan is the first neurally acting drug for the treatment of acute migraine. It is a highly selective, orally acting 5HT1F agonist that was approved in November 2019, for the acute treatment of migraine in adults, with or without aura, by USFDA. Lesmiditan may help in terminating the acute attack of migraine by inhibiting the central and peripheral neuronal activity and the release of CGRP.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"41 1","pages":"745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81716292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212092
M. Panchatcharam, Sravanthi Lakshmi Mukku
Clinical research involves working with human subjects to answer questions relevant to their well-being in an ethical manner. The current scenario from the past one year has drastically changed the face of the clinical trials. The present COVID prevalence and simultaneously conducting the research with all the regulations and the precautions has been the difficult task for the contract research organisations (CRO).
{"title":"COVID-19 challenges in clinical trials","authors":"M. Panchatcharam, Sravanthi Lakshmi Mukku","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212092","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical research involves working with human subjects to answer questions relevant to their well-being in an ethical manner. The current scenario from the past one year has drastically changed the face of the clinical trials. The present COVID prevalence and simultaneously conducting the research with all the regulations and the precautions has been the difficult task for the contract research organisations (CRO).","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"34 1","pages":"769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81473741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212083
Santoshkumar A. Shetti, R. Limaye
Background: Underreporting of various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by consultants is a common incurable problem. National pharmacovigilance program is one of the ongoing programs to monitor the adverse drug reactions & reporting at the earliest to the nearby AMCs. As medical interns are budding doctors, the focus of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and perception about ADRs and pharmacovigilance in them. Methods: A cross section questionnaire-based study was conducted after approval by our institutional ethics committee pretested and validated questions consisting of 20 questions (knowledge, attitude, perception) were administrated to medical interns. The filled questionnaires were collected and analysed. Results: In our study, medical interns have fair enough idea about ADR and pharmacovigilance. In knowledge domain they were aware of term ADRs (100%), pharmacovigilance (72.6%). In attitude domain majority of interns (80.6%) known availability of ADR forms, compulsory of pharmacovigilance unit (90.3%). In perception domain very poor response from interns, not even a single intern had reported any ADR filled form and they don’t know meaning of rechallenge and de-challenge, very few interns (9.7%) know how to manage the ADRs in emergency conditions. Conclusions: Under reporting problem can be improved by doing more teaching activities at undergraduate level and intern’s level including various workshops, CMEs, problem-based teaching of adverse reactions in their curriculum. These exercises will improve their reporting frequency and sensitize the interns from the undergraduate days itself in their upcoming clinical practice in community.
{"title":"An evaluation of knowledge, attitude and perception about adverse drug reactions and pharmacovigilance among intern doctors in a medical college teaching hospital of Sangli","authors":"Santoshkumar A. Shetti, R. Limaye","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212083","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Underreporting of various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by consultants is a common incurable problem. National pharmacovigilance program is one of the ongoing programs to monitor the adverse drug reactions & reporting at the earliest to the nearby AMCs. As medical interns are budding doctors, the focus of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and perception about ADRs and pharmacovigilance in them. Methods: A cross section questionnaire-based study was conducted after approval by our institutional ethics committee pretested and validated questions consisting of 20 questions (knowledge, attitude, perception) were administrated to medical interns. The filled questionnaires were collected and analysed. Results: In our study, medical interns have fair enough idea about ADR and pharmacovigilance. In knowledge domain they were aware of term ADRs (100%), pharmacovigilance (72.6%). In attitude domain majority of interns (80.6%) known availability of ADR forms, compulsory of pharmacovigilance unit (90.3%). In perception domain very poor response from interns, not even a single intern had reported any ADR filled form and they don’t know meaning of rechallenge and de-challenge, very few interns (9.7%) know how to manage the ADRs in emergency conditions. Conclusions: Under reporting problem can be improved by doing more teaching activities at undergraduate level and intern’s level including various workshops, CMEs, problem-based teaching of adverse reactions in their curriculum. These exercises will improve their reporting frequency and sensitize the interns from the undergraduate days itself in their upcoming clinical practice in community.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"20 1","pages":"714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78841919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212073
M. Reddy, K. Venkatesh, J. Jothilakshmi
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of Sri Sri Tattva immunity products, a combination of single herb and poly herb formulations in COVID-19 patients by assessing their clinical features and immune markers. The products when administered orally for a period of 14 days in COVID-19 patients demonstrated significant improvement in clinical symptoms. Methods: Patients with fever, cough, sore throat started responding to the treatment from day 3 and most of the patients were clinically free of symptoms by day 7. Early recovery from signs and symptoms was observed in most of the patients. Sri Sri Tattva immunity products has also demonstrated an excellent clinical improvement and immune markers including tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alfa), interleukin (IL-6), interferon (IFN-beta), D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenease (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in COVID-19 patients. Results: The final results of this study showed that Sri Sri Tattva immunity products reduced the time to clinical cure and number of days in achieving negative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) by early viral clearance when given along with standard of care thus reduced the duration of hospitalization. Conclusions: In the present study, 82% of COVID-19 patients cleared the virus within 10-14 days of study period reducing the duration of hospitalization. None of the patients progressed to severe COVID-19 and succumbed to the disease. This clearly indicates that Sri Sri Tattva immunity products when administered orally along with standard of care has definitive role in the management of COVID-19 patients.
背景:本研究的目的是通过评估新冠肺炎患者的临床特征和免疫标志物，评估单药和多药联合制剂Sri Sri Tattva免疫产品的安全性和有效性。该产品在COVID-19患者中口服14天，临床症状显着改善。方法:患者在治疗第3天开始出现发热、咳嗽、喉咙痛等症状，第7天大部分患者临床症状消失。大多数患者的体征和症状均可早期恢复。Sri Sri Tattva免疫产品在COVID-19患者中也显示出出色的临床改善和免疫标志物，包括肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-alfa)、白细胞介素(IL-6)、干扰素(ifn - β)、d -二聚体、铁蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和c反应蛋白(CRP)。结果:本研究的最终结果表明，Sri Sri Tattva免疫产品与标准治疗一起使用时，缩短了临床治愈时间和通过早期病毒清除实现实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)阴性的天数，从而缩短了住院时间。结论:在本研究中，82%的COVID-19患者在研究期10-14天内清除了病毒，缩短了住院时间。没有患者进展为严重的COVID-19并死于该疾病。这清楚地表明，Sri Sri Tattva免疫产品在与标准护理一起口服时，在COVID-19患者的管理中具有决定性作用。
{"title":"Herbal immunomodulators as add on treatment in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic COVID-19 confirmed cases: findings from a prospective single centre clinical trial","authors":"M. Reddy, K. Venkatesh, J. Jothilakshmi","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212073","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of Sri Sri Tattva immunity products, a combination of single herb and poly herb formulations in COVID-19 patients by assessing their clinical features and immune markers. The products when administered orally for a period of 14 days in COVID-19 patients demonstrated significant improvement in clinical symptoms. Methods: Patients with fever, cough, sore throat started responding to the treatment from day 3 and most of the patients were clinically free of symptoms by day 7. Early recovery from signs and symptoms was observed in most of the patients. Sri Sri Tattva immunity products has also demonstrated an excellent clinical improvement and immune markers including tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alfa), interleukin (IL-6), interferon (IFN-beta), D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenease (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in COVID-19 patients. Results: The final results of this study showed that Sri Sri Tattva immunity products reduced the time to clinical cure and number of days in achieving negative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) by early viral clearance when given along with standard of care thus reduced the duration of hospitalization. Conclusions: In the present study, 82% of COVID-19 patients cleared the virus within 10-14 days of study period reducing the duration of hospitalization. None of the patients progressed to severe COVID-19 and succumbed to the disease. This clearly indicates that Sri Sri Tattva immunity products when administered orally along with standard of care has definitive role in the management of COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"20 1","pages":"653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89446343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212076
G. Deepak, B. Rashmi, S. Sonia, S. Stanly, Shaalumol Jose, Ranjan Amit, R. N. Pereira
Background: Bacterial infections (BI) are more prevalent in liver cirrhosis (LC), high among hospitalized patients. The aim of the study was to explore epidemiological pattern of BI in hospitalized patients with LC with identification of the causative agents. Objective of the study was evaluation of therapeutic/empirical approaches for infections.Methods: Inputs from the body fluid analysis and culture reports were recorded. Child Pugh score (CPS) was used to assess the severity of liver disease. Antibiotic treatment strategy was analysed, prescribed antibiotics were checked for contraindications using Lexicomp software.Results: Of 60 enrolled patients, four had mixed infection and 55% were culture positive. There was a male preponderance (83.3%). BI was more frequent in those aged 51-60 years (38.3%) and >60 years (35%). Higher proportion of patients (60%) belonged to class C of CPS followed by class B (31.7%). The most common causative organisms identified were E. coli (28.5%), K. pneumonia (14.2%), Enterococcus spp (11.4 %) and less common were K. oxytoca, Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, gram-positive cocci, gram-negative cocci, P. aeruginosa, S. hemolyticus, ß-hemolytic streptococcus spp. Majority of subjects had spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (36.7%) followed by urinary tract infection (21%), lower respiratory tract infection (18.3%), Sepsis (13.3%), cellulitis (3.3%) and acute gastroenteritis (1.7%). Cephalosporin's (61.7%), (rifaximin) (51.7%), penicillin and β lactamase inhibitors (36.7%) were the common prescribed antimicrobials.Conclusions: There is a positive association between the risk of BI and severity of liver damage.
{"title":"Evaluate the bacterial infections in Indian cirrhotic patients: a prospective study","authors":"G. Deepak, B. Rashmi, S. Sonia, S. Stanly, Shaalumol Jose, Ranjan Amit, R. N. Pereira","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212076","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bacterial infections (BI) are more prevalent in liver cirrhosis (LC), high among hospitalized patients. The aim of the study was to explore epidemiological pattern of BI in hospitalized patients with LC with identification of the causative agents. Objective of the study was evaluation of therapeutic/empirical approaches for infections.Methods: Inputs from the body fluid analysis and culture reports were recorded. Child Pugh score (CPS) was used to assess the severity of liver disease. Antibiotic treatment strategy was analysed, prescribed antibiotics were checked for contraindications using Lexicomp software.Results: Of 60 enrolled patients, four had mixed infection and 55% were culture positive. There was a male preponderance (83.3%). BI was more frequent in those aged 51-60 years (38.3%) and >60 years (35%). Higher proportion of patients (60%) belonged to class C of CPS followed by class B (31.7%). The most common causative organisms identified were E. coli (28.5%), K. pneumonia (14.2%), Enterococcus spp (11.4 %) and less common were K. oxytoca, Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, gram-positive cocci, gram-negative cocci, P. aeruginosa, S. hemolyticus, ß-hemolytic streptococcus spp. Majority of subjects had spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (36.7%) followed by urinary tract infection (21%), lower respiratory tract infection (18.3%), Sepsis (13.3%), cellulitis (3.3%) and acute gastroenteritis (1.7%). Cephalosporin's (61.7%), (rifaximin) (51.7%), penicillin and β lactamase inhibitors (36.7%) were the common prescribed antimicrobials.Conclusions: There is a positive association between the risk of BI and severity of liver damage.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"36 1","pages":"668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81282154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212069
Pranjali P. Dhawal, S. Barve, Dyotona Sen-Roy
Background: Hyper-acidity is excessive formation of acid (pH=1.5-3.5) in the stomach by parietal cells which causes a burning sensation in the chest. The preservation of gastric acid insult is crucial because of the implications of hyperacidity in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers and duodenal ulcers. Acidity is controlled by use of some over-the-counter (OTC) antacid formulations containing magnesium or aluminum hydroxides. Methods: In the present study, the preliminary antacid test (PAT), the pH acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), acid neutralizing potential (ANP) along with buffering capacity of two well-known quick release formulations (F1 [Digene Ultra Fizz] and F2 [a standard, commercially available product]) were determined. Results: According to US pharmacopeia USP, both the antacid formulations passed the PAT test. PAT results revealed that the pH of the acid-antacid solution was higher in F1 (8.20±0.02) as compared to F2, (6.53±0.01). The ANC results revealed that F1 (46.89±0.6 mEq/dosage) had higher neutralizing capacity as compared to F2(30.12±1.3 mEq/dosage). Higher ANP was observed for F1 (245 mins), and it was 2.7 times that of F2 (90 min). The onset of action for both the antacids was <2 seconds. Additionally, buffering capacity was evidently observed during ANP analysis in the case of F1. Independent T test performed for all the tests revealed that the data obtained was highly significant (p<0.01). Conclusions: F1 showed high antacid and buffering properties when tested in vitro. The present study highlights the need for future research on specific OTC non-prescribed antacid formulations with respect to their price, efficacy and side effects.
{"title":"Comparison of two marketed effervescent fast relief formulations for antacid activity-an in vitro study","authors":"Pranjali P. Dhawal, S. Barve, Dyotona Sen-Roy","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212069","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hyper-acidity is excessive formation of acid (pH=1.5-3.5) in the stomach by parietal cells which causes a burning sensation in the chest. The preservation of gastric acid insult is crucial because of the implications of hyperacidity in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers and duodenal ulcers. Acidity is controlled by use of some over-the-counter (OTC) antacid formulations containing magnesium or aluminum hydroxides. Methods: In the present study, the preliminary antacid test (PAT), the pH acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), acid neutralizing potential (ANP) along with buffering capacity of two well-known quick release formulations (F1 [Digene Ultra Fizz] and F2 [a standard, commercially available product]) were determined. Results: According to US pharmacopeia USP, both the antacid formulations passed the PAT test. PAT results revealed that the pH of the acid-antacid solution was higher in F1 (8.20±0.02) as compared to F2, (6.53±0.01). The ANC results revealed that F1 (46.89±0.6 mEq/dosage) had higher neutralizing capacity as compared to F2(30.12±1.3 mEq/dosage). Higher ANP was observed for F1 (245 mins), and it was 2.7 times that of F2 (90 min). The onset of action for both the antacids was <2 seconds. Additionally, buffering capacity was evidently observed during ANP analysis in the case of F1. Independent T test performed for all the tests revealed that the data obtained was highly significant (p<0.01). Conclusions: F1 showed high antacid and buffering properties when tested in vitro. The present study highlights the need for future research on specific OTC non-prescribed antacid formulations with respect to their price, efficacy and side effects.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"30 1","pages":"633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77651720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212081
Rekha M. B., Basavaraj Bhandare, S. V, Hemamalini M. B.
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that develops due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Recent animal and human studies have reported bromocriptine to be effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was done to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of bromocriptine in dexamethasone induced hyperglycemic rats. Methods: Male wistar rats were used and divided into 5 groups. Dexamethosone was used to induce hyperglycemia in group B-E. Group A was the untreated control group, group B was the standard control group, group C was the oral 10 mg/kg of bromocriptine dissolved in 0.9% normal saline, group D was the oral 20 mg/kg metformin dissolved in 0.9% normal saline, group E was the oral 10 mg/kg bromocriptine+20 mg/kg metformin dissolved in 0.9% normal saline. Fasting blood glucose, post prandial blood glucose and body weight was estimated on day 1, 15, 30. Results: It was seen that dexamethasone induced hyperglycemia and increase in body weight in male wistar rats, which were significantly controlled by oral bromocriptine and bromocriptine with metformin combination. Conclusions: Results obtained from this study showed that bromocriptine can be a promising drug with novel mechanism to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Study on antihyperglycemic effect of bromocriptine in dexamethasone induced hyperglycemic wistar rats","authors":"Rekha M. B., Basavaraj Bhandare, S. V, Hemamalini M. B.","doi":"10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212081","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that develops due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Recent animal and human studies have reported bromocriptine to be effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was done to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of bromocriptine in dexamethasone induced hyperglycemic rats. Methods: Male wistar rats were used and divided into 5 groups. Dexamethosone was used to induce hyperglycemia in group B-E. Group A was the untreated control group, group B was the standard control group, group C was the oral 10 mg/kg of bromocriptine dissolved in 0.9% normal saline, group D was the oral 20 mg/kg metformin dissolved in 0.9% normal saline, group E was the oral 10 mg/kg bromocriptine+20 mg/kg metformin dissolved in 0.9% normal saline. Fasting blood glucose, post prandial blood glucose and body weight was estimated on day 1, 15, 30. Results: It was seen that dexamethasone induced hyperglycemia and increase in body weight in male wistar rats, which were significantly controlled by oral bromocriptine and bromocriptine with metformin combination. Conclusions: Results obtained from this study showed that bromocriptine can be a promising drug with novel mechanism to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":13898,"journal":{"name":"International journal of basic and clinical pharmacology","volume":"51 1","pages":"699"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87033928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.IJBCP20212087
Patricia Tonbra Osunu, E. Nwose
Most African communities consume various edible fruits, which are important to their well-being. Some of these edible fruits are indigenous and were well-known to the rural communities. These indigenous fruits can be collected from the wild or planted in home gardens and also as intercrops with staple crops. Some indigenous fruits, wild collection is still practiced, especially in parts of eastern, western and southern Africa. However, some fruits are still imported. A casual verbal survey indicated that many people in the general population do not know that actual differences in nutritional values between these fruits. Therefore, this study was a critical review of some fruits using the USDA database. Results show, for instance, that guava has over 250% vitamin C relative to orange. Avocado yields more calories than banana and this is very likely due to the fat/fibre ratio difference. Further, the imported cucumber and watermelon do not seem to have any advantage over the indigenous products. It concluded that the hidden potential of these indigenous fruits needs to be advanced and exploited to improve their consumption as they play a pivotal role in health economics of healthy dietary habit and self-management of ill-health.
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