International Journal of Dentistry最新文献

Introduction: The objective of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Colombian version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-14) in older adults.

Materials and methods: A translation and validation study of HeLD-14 was conducted on 384 non-institutionalized older adults attending the Dental Clinic at Universidad Cooperativa from Pasto, Colombia. A cross-cultural adaptation of a multidimensional HeLD-14 was completed, and the psychometric properties of this scale were evaluated through a cross-validation method using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach's alpha (α) and Omega's McDonald (ɷ). The statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results: The EFA demonstrated that a single-factor structure with 11 items explained a cumulative 59.86% of the overall variance. The CFA confirmed that goodness of fit indices of this questionnaire had optimal adequateness (χ²_S-B = 109.047; χ²_S-B/(44) = 2.478, P=0.001; non-normed fit index = 0.901; comparative fit index = 0.908; root mean square error of approximation = 0.079 (90% CI (0.075, 0.083)); standardized root mean residual = 0.080). The coefficients indicated a high internal consistency for the total scale (α = 0.94; ɷ = 0.96).

Conclusion: The developed adaptation of HeLD-14 for the Colombian population, HeLD-Col, is a unidimensional, reliable, and valid instrument to assess oral health literacy in older adults in Colombia.

Background: There is a lack of health care facilities and poor oral health awareness among the rural adult population of Jharkhand which may significantly influence oral health status and lifestyle scores.

Aim: To assess the oral hygiene status, lifestyle factors, and various risk factors associated with poor lifestyle scores in the rural adult population of Jharkhand.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 rural adults (35-44 years) populations. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect sociodemographic data and data on oral hygiene practices. Lifestyle factors were assessed using Health Practice Index (HPI). Oral health status was assessed using the oral health assessment proforma provided by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Results: A significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) prevalence of tobacco consumption was reported by males (94.0%) compared to females (4.0%). The males (54.0%) reported significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) poor lifestyle scores compared to females (38.0%). A significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) number of oromucosal lesions (13.0%) was found in males compared to females (1.0%). There was a significant difference (p value < 0.0001) in the oral hygiene status between males and females with majority of males (60.0%) having poor oral hygiene. A bivariate analysis was performed, and unadjusted odds ratio was computed. The factors that became significant were then entered into logistic regression model (enter method). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that education (OR = 0.3, p value = 0.003), systemic diseases/long-term medication (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.004), tobacco consumption (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.006), oral hygiene status (OR = 2.4, p value = 0.007), and dental caries (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.004) were significant predictors of poor lifestyle scores.

Conclusion: The rural adult population in Jharkhand has poor oral hygiene status and poor lifestyle scores. It is important to raise awareness regarding good oral hygiene and the negative effects of tobacco consumption. The dental visit should be encouraged, and the concept of preventive care needs to be instilled.

Background: Endodontic therapy aims to disinfect the entire root canal system. Extracts from the kernel of Mangifera indica has the potential to be a novel root canal irrigant that has yet to be studied. Hence, the present study evaluated the antimicrobial, and smear layer removal efficacy of the M. indica kernel extract as a root canal irrigant in primary molars.

Materials and methods: Methanolic extract of M. indica was prepared using the standard method. The antimicrobial efficacy of M. indica kernel extract was determined by agar diffusion method with 3% sodium hypochlorite and distilled water as controls, and the smear layer removal efficacy was assessed under the SEM after processing the root samples with different concentrations of M. indica kernel extract with 17% EDTA and distilled water as positive and negative controls, respectively.

Results: A statistically significant antimicrobial efficacy was observed with the largest mean zone of inhibition recorded with 50 μl of M. indica kernel extract at 24 hr of incubation period, when compared to sodium hypochlorite as a root canal irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis using agar diffusion method at MIC value of 0.625 mg/ml. The smear layer removal efficacy of the M. indica kernel extract was not satisfactory, when compared with EDTA as a root canal irrigant in primary molars and observed under SEM. In contrast, a complete smear layer removal was observed with 17% EDTA solution.

Conclusion: M. indica kernel extract has an enhanced antimicrobial efficacy but poor smear layer removal efficacy when used as a root canal irrigant.

This study assessed the influence of the type of endodontic access cavity on endodontic reintervention. Twenty mandibular central incisors were distributed into two groups (n = 10): TradAC group-traditional access cavities and UltraAC.Inc group-ultraconservative access cavities. After endodontic access, the root canals were prepared and obturated by the single cone technique. The filling material was removed with the Reciproc R25 instrument, followed by reinstrumentation with the R40 instrument. Images acquisition of each root canal hemisection was performed in a stereomicroscope to quantify the amount of remaining filling material. The amount of remaining filling material attached to the root canal walls was expressed in square millimeter (mm²). Data were statistically analyzed (one-way ANOVA and post hoc Student's t-tests). There was no statistically significant difference between TradAC and UltraAC.Inc groups (p > 0.05). None of the tested endodontics' access showed root canal walls completely free of filling material. Ultraconservative access cavities in mandibular incisors had no negative impact on the filling material removal.

Introduction: Missing anatomy is one of the main causes of endodontic failures, and accurate knowledge of teeth anatomy is a prerequisite for adequate root canal treatment. The aim of the present cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) study was to describe the anatomical characteristics of the mesiobuccal (MB) root canals of maxillary molars and to understand if a correlation exists between the position of the canal orifices and the anatomical features of the root.

Methods: For the purposes of the study, a total of 100 CBCT scans of maxillary molars with two MB canals were selected and studied. The features of root canal anatomy of the MB root of the same teeth were analyzed and recorded (root length, confluence, and Vertucci classification). The distance between MB1 and MB2 orifices and the palatal orifice were recorded, as well as the distance between the orifices and the line joining the palatal orifice and the others. A statistical analysis was performed by providing descriptive measures, the measure of the correlation between different parameters, and the influence of some of these measures on the presence of a confluence between MB1 and MB2.

Results: It resulted that the most frequent configuration is type II Vertucci. The length measured on the sagittal plane was significantly correlated to the presence of a confluence in the MB root. When the root length was higher than 14.56 mm, the confluence is three times more frequent than when the length is lower (OR = 3.635). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for length on the sagittal plane was 0.632 (P=0.036).

Conclusions: The presence of a confluence between the MB canals of maxillary molars is correlated to the length of the root that could be measured on the sagittal plane and to the distance between the canal orifices. The relative position of the root canal orifices in relation to anatomic landmarks needs to be further explored.

Background: For orthodontic treatment to be effective, bracket placement must be precise to make the finishing stage easier, leading to an ideal occlusion with minimal intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of manual and digital bracket positioning techniques utilizing computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) jigs, 3D-printed indirect bonding trays (IBT), and double-layer vacuum-formed thermoplastic IBT.

Methods: This study was done by scanning the dental arch of 30 orthodontic patients. The virtual setup and bracket positioning were performed with the Insignia™ system for ten patients, and 3D Maestro® software was used for the virtual setup of the remaining 20 patients. At the same time, the bracket positioning of 10 patients was done digitally by the 3D Maestro® software and the remaining 10 patients manually through the Ray Set® device. IBT were fabricated by CAD/CAM system, 3D printer, and vacuum-formed thermoplastic machine. A virtual bracket position was compared to the actual bracket position using the best-fit method of 3D digital superimposition in Geomagic® Control X™ (CX) software to determine how accurate it was in terms of linear and angular accuracy. Statistical analyses using SPSS 26.0 including Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the intra-examiner reproducibility. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to measure normality distribution. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test was used to analyze the differences between bracket positions within each group.

Results: Although there were obvious positional discrepancies between several readings, they were still within clinically acceptable ranges.

Conclusions: All types of IBT would translate the planned position of the bracket from the digital and manual techniques to the teeth of patients with accepted precision in both linear and angular measurements; in addition, the error rate is about the same for all types of IBT. This trial is registered with NCT05549089.

This study aimed to evaluate laypersons' esthetic perception of different dentogingival characteristics based on smile dynamics. Six voluntary models were selected, with only one presenting dentogingival characteristics within esthetic standards: white teeth, good alignment, and adequate gingival contour. Two videos were then produced. One video focused on the mouth, whereas the other focused on the entire face of the model, to ensure that the dynamics of the smile could be evaluated. For the evaluation, 200 laypeople were asked to rank the models from first to sixth place in their order of preference. Laypeople were required to justify their reasons for choosing the first and last places. The obtained data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. The results showed that smile and face dynamics influenced the perception of dentogingival characteristics and facial esthetics. No significant changes were observed. However, a gummy smile accompanied by dental alterations was observed in the video of the mouth and was masked by the facial set exposed in the video of the face. A diastema between the central incisors was decisive for negative evaluation of both the mouth and face. The standard model was rated as the most pleasing. Smiles and facial dynamics influence the perception of dentogingival characteristics. Smile and facial dynamics influence the perception of dentogingival alterations among Brazilian laypeople. Diastema is an alteration that interferes with the isolated evaluation of the lower third of the face and the facial set.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of screw-tightening methods on the immediate and long-term stability of dental implant screw joints. Methodology. A total of 150 implants of three different implant systems with different diameters were used in this study. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n = 5), according to the tightening methods (A-tightening with recommended torque and retorque after 10 min; B-tightening with recommended torque, then loosening and immediate retorque; C-tightening with recommended torque only once). The operating time of tightening the assemblies was recorded. Ten minutes later, the immediate removal torque (IRT) (Ncm) was measured. After retightening the assemblies, a dynamic load between 20 and 200 N was applied for 10⁵ cycles, and the postloading removal torque (PRT) (Ncm) was measured. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface topography of the screws.

Results: For different types of implants, the IRTs were 11.92 ± 1.04-34.12 ± 0.36 Ncm for method A, 11.64 ± 0.57-33.96 ± 0.29 Ncm for method B, and 10.30 ± 0.41-31.62 ± 0.52 Ncm for method C, and the IRTs of methods A and B were 6.28%-21.58% higher than that of method C (P ≤ 0.046). The PRTs were 4.08 ± 0.77-29.86 ± 0.65 Ncm for method A, 4.04 ± 0.40-29.60 ± 0.36 Ncm for method B, and 2.98 ± 0.26-26.38 ± 0.59 Ncm for method C, and the PRTs of methods A and B were 11.77%-44.87% higher than that of method C (P ≤ 0.016). The removal torque loss rates of methods A (12.49% ± 0.99%-65.88% ± 4.83%) and B (12.84% ± 0.96%-65.35% ± 1.95%) were 3.04%-7.74% lower than that of method C (16.58% ± 0.56%-71.10% ± 1.58%) (P ≤ 0.017). The operating time of method A was much longer than those of methods B and C (P < 0.001). The structural integrity disruption of the screw thread was observed according to the SEM results in all postloading groups.

Conclusions: Method B (torquing and then loosening and immediate retorquing) increases the screw joint immediate stability by 6.28%-21.58% and the long-term stability by 11.77%-44.87% compared with method C (torquing only once), has comparable screw joint stability compared with method A (retorquing after 10 min), saves time and is recommended in clinical settings.

Materials and methods: This crossover clinical trial was conducted with eligible 6-8-year-old children requiring bilateral mandibular molar pulpotomy. At the first treatment visit, pulpotomy was performed for 15 children using VR glasses distraction while the other 15 children received a pulpotomy without any VR glasses; this trend was reversed at the second session and pulpotomy was performed for the contralateral tooth. Pulse rate (PR) and Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDAS) measured the anxiety levels. Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale (WBFP) assessed the pain perception before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 using the Mann-Whitney and χ² tests.

Results: The mean PR was not significantly different between the two groups. However, the test group showed significantly lower scores of MCDAS (P value = 0.02) and WBFP (P value = 0.001) compared with the control group.

Conclusion: The present results suggest that VR headsets can decrease the level of pain and anxiety of patients during primary mandibular pulpotomy. This trial is registered with IRCT20200315046782N1.

Objective: Frenum attachments are folds of mucous membrane that connect the lips to the alveolar mucosa and underlying periosteum. Aberrant positioning of the maxillary and mandibular labial frenum can lead to various clinical issues, including mucogingival problems and midline diastema. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of maxillary and mandibular frenal attachments and their association with age, gender, and oral hygiene status in the Nepalese population seeking dental treatment.

Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 6 months, from February 2023 to August 2023, among patients visiting the Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, aged 6 years and above, after obtaining official permission from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC-KUSMS Approval No. 8/23). The study collected data on morphological variations of frenal attachment and various periodontal parameters such as Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), pocket depth, recession, and midline diastema in both arches. Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, were used to analyze the data. The χ²-test was employed to determine the correlation between gender and types of frenulum attachment, while analysis of variance was used to assess the association of frenal attachments with oral hygiene status.

Results: Among 380 patients, the prevalence of frenal attachment was as follows: gingival 248 (65.30%), mucosal 71 (18.70%), papillary 42 (11.10%), and papillary penetrating 19 (5.00%) in the maxilla, and mucosal 225 (59.20%) and gingival 155 (40.78%) in mandible. Among the different morphological variations of frenal attachments, normal frenum was the most common, accounting for 231 cases (60.80%), followed by frenum with a nodule, with 101 cases (26.60%).

Conclusions: The study found significant associations between frenal attachment and gender, as well as oral hygiene status. The prevalence of frenal attachments in this study was comparable to findings from previous research.