International Journal of Dentistry最新文献

Background: To evaluate the impact of the SmileView (SV) simulation on smile esthetic perception and its influence on motivation to undertake orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted with 51 subjects in Madrid, Spain. Participants had an initial smile photo taken (T0) and a simulated image generated by SV (T1). They rated, on a 1-10 scale, the general perception of their smile and specific variables (width, alignment, color, gingival exposure, and shape) at both T0 and T1. Intention to pursue orthodontic treatment was recorded. Data were analyzed with SPSS 28.0.

Results: Smile perception improved significantly postsimulation (T0: 5.84 ± 2.12; T1: 7.00 ± 2.61; p = 0.038), with notable gains in alignment (p  < 0.001), color (p = 0.004), and shape (p = 0.008). No significant changes were found for width (p = 0.143) or gingival exposure (p = 0.721). Subjects with negative perception at T1 were influenced mainly by tooth shape (p = 0.033). Those with improved perception were driven by alignment, color, and shape. Intent to undergo orthodontic treatment decreased slightly (49.0%-45.0%). Influenced subjects were mostly women, aged 41, with higher education and socioeconomic status. While alignment, color, and shape influenced decision changes, perceived increase in smile width emerged as the strongest independent predictor of treatment intention.

Conclusion: SV improves smile perception but has limited influence on treatment motivation without clinical guidance.

Objective: To assess the influence of physical exercise on apical periodontitis (AP) development, and the effect of AP on physical exercise capacity in exercise-trained rats.

Materials and methods: After animal Ethics Committee approval, 40 male Holtzman rats (9 weeks old) were distributed into the following four groups (n = 10/group): physical exercise without AP induction (Ex); physical exercise with AP induction (Ex-AP); sedentary without AP induction (S); sedentary with AP induction (S-AP). In trained groups, animals performed moderate-intensity aerobic training (treadmill) for 11 weeks. The maximal capacity test (T _max) was performed at baseline (0 weeks), 8 and 11 weeks to analyse physical capacity and increase training velocity to maintain training intensity. In the AP-induced groups, coronal access of the left maxillary and mandibular first and second molars was performed after 8 weeks of training, and the pulp chamber was kept open for 21 days. After euthanasia, the hemi-mandible was submitted to histopathological, radiographical and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analyses to evaluate the inflammation, the area and the volume of periapical bone resorption, respectively.

Results: The T _max results of trained groups were higher than those of sedentary groups (p < 0.05). There was no difference in T _max results between trained groups (Ex and Ex-AP; p > 0.05), or between sedentary groups (S and S-AP) (p > 0.05). Regarding volume and area of apical bone resorption, there was no difference between S-AP and Ex-AP (p > 0.05). Histopathological qualitative analysis also showed no differences between S-AP and Ex-AP.

Conclusion: Physical exercise did not influence AP development, nor did AP affect physical exercise capacity in trained rats.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/ijod/6646405.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/6541532.].

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate: (i) occlusal plane (OP) changes after clear aligner therapy (CAT) and (ii) whether such changes correlate with the patient's facial divergence.

Materials and methods: Three-dimensional models of 118 patients (49 males and 59 females; mean ± standard deviation age 22.3 ± 3.4 years) treated with clear aligners were analysed retrospectively. Using CAD-CAM software, it was possible to define three planes: the reference palatine plane (PP), the OP and the reference vertical maxillary plane. The PP and OP meet mesially, identifying an angle (α) in the sagittal view. The intersection of the occlusal and vertical maxillary planes creates two angles in the frontal view: an angle (β) for the right side and an angle (γ) for the left side. Using Autodesk Fusion 360, the angles were investigated before treatment (T0) and after treatment (T1) to calculate the change for each angle Δ(T1-T0). Subsequently, lateral cephalograms were analysed and five measurements were made.

Results: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), showed a significant difference between hyperdivergent and hypodivergent patients for Δα and Δβ. The post hoc Tukey test showed the following differences: Δα was 3.81° greater in hyperdivergent patients compared with hypodivergent patients, and Δβ was 1.69° greater in hyperdivergent patients compared with hypodivergent patients.

Conclusion: Treatment with aligners did not lead to a clinically significant change in the OP. However, when dividing the sample into groups based on craniofacial divergence, OP orientation change differed significantly between the three groups.

Clinical significance: According to the present study, aligners may be a useful therapeutic option for hyperdivergent patients and a less favourable option for hypodivergent patients and patients with occlusal asymmetries, both structural and functional, who may need particular treatment approaches and diagnostic evaluations.

Objective: To investigate the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of dentists in the municipal health network of Manaus.

Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Between April and July 2022, an online questionnaire with closed and open questions was applied to dentists. The study included 81 professionals. The collected data were stored in a Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheet, generated by Google forms. For categorical data, absolute and relative frequencies were obtained. Content analysis, aided by Atlas ti software, Version 22, was used for textual analysis.

Results: The COVID-19 pandemic represented a constant source of stress and fear for dentists, negatively affecting their mental health.

Conclusions: In view of the above, the Unified Health System (SUS) needs to implement effective measures to protect and promote the mental health of its workers, such as offering specialized psychological support, promoting awareness campaigns on mental health risks, and creating support groups for professionals.

Background: Periodontal disease is polymicrobial in nature and to control the infection we need to target the inflammatory component. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy is used for mechanical debridement. Use of agents along with nonsurgical periodontal therapy is gaining momentum. Locally delivered agents like antibiotics and herbal products are used in nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy. Phytotherapy offers antioxidant, antimicrobial action and has less chances of drug resistance.

Objective: This study design compared locally delivered chlorhexidine (CHX) 1% gel and Citrus sinensis peel extract (CSPE) gel in the management localized periodontitis as an adjuvant treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Material and method: Forty-six subjects diagnosed with Grade II/III localized periodontitis were randomly assigned into two groups. After thorough SRP, CSPE gel placement was done in the test group and 1% CHX gel in the control group. Clinical parameters measured were probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and microbiological analysis (bacterial culture from pocket sample) was done prior to SRP and at 60 days.

Results: Both the 1% CHX and CSPE gel provide comparable outcome (p ≥ 0.05) in improvement of PPD, CAL and bacterial colony count. Statistically significant results were obtained in terms of PPD; p = 0.044 (test group) and p = 0037 (control group). CAL showed statistically significant results in test group with p = 0.044. Inter group and Intra group comparison of plaque index showed no statistical difference. Colony forming units (CFU) between the two groups (p = 0.001) was found statistically significant.

Conclusion: Locally delivered herbal CSPE gel can be an effective, economical,and antibacterial gel as an adjunctive treatment of periodontitis.

Objectives: This study evaluates the changes in subgingival periodontopathogens following access flap surgery (AFS) in Stage III Grade B periodontitis patients.

Materials and methods: This randomized clinical split-mouth study included 20 systemically healthy periodontitis patients. Participants' right and left quadrants were randomly assigned to the control (nonsurgery) or test (AFS) group. Quantities of subgingival periodontopathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia) and periodontal measurements (gingival index [GI], plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD], and clinical attachment level [CAL]) were evaluated before and 4 weeks after surgery. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was utilized for detecting and quantifying periodontopathogens.

Results: A significant reduction in periodontopathogens was observed in the test group, while levels increased in the control group (p  < 0.05). A significant difference was noted between the groups in changes in the quantities of periodontopathogens (p  < 0.05). The reduction in periodontal parameters was significantly greater in the test group 1-month post-AFS (p  < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between decreases in P. gingivalis levels and reductions in T. denticola and T. forsythia (p  < 0.05).

Conclusions: AFS effectively reduces subgingival periodontopathogens and enhances periodontal health in the early healing phase. It demonstrates significant benefits for patients with advanced periodontitis and deep residual pockets.

Clinical relevance: AFS is an effective treatment option for managing deep residual pockets, as it promotes periodontal health and significantly reduces bacterial burden during the critical early healing phase. These results are particularly valuable for clinicians aiming to prevent disease progression, thereby enhancing patient care and treatment outcomes. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06684288.

Objectives: To analyze the posterior mandible bone ridge shape in relation to gender and tooth loss. Focusing on the accompanied changes and variations in lingual concavities.

Methods: 406 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images with dentulous and edentulous 1st and/or 2nd molars (206 females and 200 males, aged ≥20) were examined. Mandibular morphology was classified into U type (undercut), P type (parallel), and C type (convex). The study examined the ridge morphology and dimensions. Lingual concavities angle, area, and the concavity position were measured/reported.

Results: U type bone shape was the most common bone shape 64.1%, then P type was 24.8%, while C type was 11.2 %. U ridge was more frequent in 2nd molar compared to the 1st molar regions (p = 0.04), while C type was statistically related to long extraction time (p = 0.001). Many bone ridge measurements were higher in males (p < 0.05). Other significant differences in measurements were found at 36, 37, 46, and 47 dentate and missing sites (p < 0.05). Lingual concavities were larger in males (p < 0.001) and relatively larger at 2nd molar dentulous ridges; 37 (p = 0.02). Also, they were more statistically frequent at the level of mandibular canal (MC) or above (p = 0.0001).

Conclusion: The U type ridge was the most common in the studied population, occurring more often in the second molars region. Bone ridge and lingual concavities dimensions were varied by gender, tooth loss, and specific tooth. Lingual concavities were significantly related to MC level.

Background: The repairability of provisional restorative materials affects the duration of the provisional treatment phase. This study evaluated the effects of various silane (Si)-containing universal adhesives on the shear bond strength (SBS) of aged three-dimensional (3D)-printed provisional restorative materials.

Methods: Seventy SBS specimens (20 mm diameter × 15 mm height) and 10 specimens for energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis (5 mm diameter × 3 mm height) were fabricated. All SBS specimens underwent thermocycling in artificial saliva at 5- 55 °C, with 60 s dwell time, using a thermocycler (SD Mechatronik, Germany). The SBS specimens were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10 per group) on the basis of the repair method: C group (control), S group (Single Bond 2), SU group (Scotchbond Universal), SUP group (Scotchbond Universal Plus), CUQ group (CLEARFIL TRI-S BOND Universal Quick), GPB group (G-Premio Bond), and Si + S group (Silane Ultradent + Single Bond 2). The SBS test was performed using a universal testing machine (Instron, ElectroPulsTM E1000, England). Failure modes were analyzed for all debonding surfaces. Data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD test (p < 0.05).

Results: The highest SBS was observed in the Si + S group (21.06 ± 1.47 MPa), followed by SUP (19.43 ± 1.45 MPa), CUQ (16.14 ± 1.54 MPa), SU (15.71 ± 1.40 MPa), GPB (12.93 ± 1.56 MPa), S (12.59 ± 1.64 MPa), and C (8.20 ± 1.49 MPa). However, no significant difference in the SBS was observed between the Si + S and SUP groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference in SBS between S and GPB. Failure mode analysis revealed a correlation between the type of failure pattern and the SBS results.

Conclusion: The SUP group, a silane-containing universal adhesive, demonstrated high SBS comparable with the separate application of Si, suggesting it as a viable alternative in provisional material repair.