Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-4-477-484
A. Shalygina
Grain production, in which winter wheat occupies the main place, is the leading branch of agriculture of the RSO – Alania. It largely determines the overall financial results of many agricultural enterprises. However, in recent years, the republic has practically stopped growing strong wheat. In some years, the state's procurement amounted to 20 thousand tons or more. The production of valuable winter wheat has significantly decreased. Studies show that obtaining high yields of winter cereals can go not only due to new varieties, modern chemicalization, the use of high doses of mineral fertilizers, but also due to the improvement of agricultural techniques for its cultivation. Therefore, at present there is a need to search for cost-effective technologies, the introduction of which will reduce the cost of production while increasing the productivity of the crop, with high-quality indicators of winter wheat grain, with the condition of preserving the fertility of the soil and the environment. One of the attempts to solve this problem was the use of sown clover seedling for winter wheat. Enriching the soil with nutrients, including nitrogen, clover biomass contributed to obtaining not only a high yield of winter wheat, but also grain with high quality indicators corresponding to strong wheat. To obtain strong wheat, a system, a complex of organizational and agrotechnical measures is necessary, which includes many components: the right choice of a predecessor, the place of winter wheat in the crop rotation; high-quality seeds that correspond to high reproductions, sowing conditions, optimal sowing times and seeding rates, high-quality tillage, timely care and protection of winter wheat crops from pests, diseases and weeds, fertile fertilized soil, harvesting in optimal terms and without losses. Increasing soil fertility through the use of legume siderate (clover) is a cheap and profitable way, one of the links of the soil protection system of agriculture. In the areas of the forest-steppe zone, against the background of high agricultural technology, but without special additional techniques, strong wheat does not work. The main factors limiting the quality of grain in these areas are lodging, high contamination, diseases, lack of nitrogen, abundance of precipitation falling during the period of filling, grain maturation and harvesting. In this regard, various options for growing winter wheat in (2017-2019) were studied in the experimental field of the SCNIIGPSH VNC RAS in a stationary crop rotation, according to the scheme: 1. Oats for green feed, followed by semi-steam tillage-control; 2. Harvesting of sown clover for green feed in the budding-flowering phase followed by plowing; 3. Plowing of sown clover in the budding-flowering phase. In the experiment, clover was used as an intermediate green fertilizer, since it uses only part of the growing season. Clover was planted under the cover of the main crop-oats for green feed. The soil of the experim
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CLOVER SIDERATION ON THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF WINTER WHEAT","authors":"A. Shalygina","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-4-477-484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-4-477-484","url":null,"abstract":"Grain production, in which winter wheat occupies the main place, is the leading branch of agriculture of the RSO – Alania. It largely determines the overall financial results of many agricultural enterprises. However, in recent years, the republic has practically stopped growing strong wheat. In some years, the state's procurement amounted to 20 thousand tons or more. The production of valuable winter wheat has significantly decreased. Studies show that obtaining high yields of winter cereals can go not only due to new varieties, modern chemicalization, the use of high doses of mineral fertilizers, but also due to the improvement of agricultural techniques for its cultivation. Therefore, at present there is a need to search for cost-effective technologies, the introduction of which will reduce the cost of production while increasing the productivity of the crop, with high-quality indicators of winter wheat grain, with the condition of preserving the fertility of the soil and the environment. One of the attempts to solve this problem was the use of sown clover seedling for winter wheat. Enriching the soil with nutrients, including nitrogen, clover biomass contributed to obtaining not only a high yield of winter wheat, but also grain with high quality indicators corresponding to strong wheat. To obtain strong wheat, a system, a complex of organizational and agrotechnical measures is necessary, which includes many components: the right choice of a predecessor, the place of winter wheat in the crop rotation; high-quality seeds that correspond to high reproductions, sowing conditions, optimal sowing times and seeding rates, high-quality tillage, timely care and protection of winter wheat crops from pests, diseases and weeds, fertile fertilized soil, harvesting in optimal terms and without losses. Increasing soil fertility through the use of legume siderate (clover) is a cheap and profitable way, one of the links of the soil protection system of agriculture. In the areas of the forest-steppe zone, against the background of high agricultural technology, but without special additional techniques, strong wheat does not work. The main factors limiting the quality of grain in these areas are lodging, high contamination, diseases, lack of nitrogen, abundance of precipitation falling during the period of filling, grain maturation and harvesting. In this regard, various options for growing winter wheat in (2017-2019) were studied in the experimental field of the SCNIIGPSH VNC RAS in a stationary crop rotation, according to the scheme: 1. Oats for green feed, followed by semi-steam tillage-control; 2. Harvesting of sown clover for green feed in the budding-flowering phase followed by plowing; 3. Plowing of sown clover in the budding-flowering phase. In the experiment, clover was used as an intermediate green fertilizer, since it uses only part of the growing season. Clover was planted under the cover of the main crop-oats for green feed. The soil of the experim","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75129639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-860-865
M. Berezin
One of the means of increasing the efficiency of the process equipment may be non-standard use of known technical elements. Modern peeling machines operate using compression and shear, single or multiple impact, continuous abrasion of the casings. When implementing any of these methods, a high degree of peeling with maximum preservation of the integrity of the core remains the main requirement of the technological process. Despite this, the finished product always contains crushed particles. An analysis of literary sources showed that roller machines with rubberized rollers are the most widely used. However, their working coating is short-lived and frequent adjustment of the working gap is required. This leads to the need for periodic repair impacts, which is associated with significant costs of working time. Increasing the convenience and reducing the time spent on maintenance is possible by simplifying the design of the attachment point of the rubber roll to the hub and is an urgent task. The review of patent sources identified the main directions for solving this problem. However, all the considered designs do not have the required level of efficiency. Therefore, the author of the article proposed an original constructive solution to this problem. In the proposed design of the shelling machine roll, rubber O-rings are used as elements connecting and transmitting rotation from the hub to the rubberized roll. The performed calculations prove that the specified ring will ensure tight contact between the hub and the bandage. Thus, annular elastomer seals can be used not only for their intended purpose, but also as power elements for fixed coupling of parts, expanding their scope.
{"title":"IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR PEELING CEREAL CROPS","authors":"M. Berezin","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-860-865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-860-865","url":null,"abstract":"One of the means of increasing the efficiency of the process equipment may be non-standard use of known technical elements. Modern peeling machines operate using compression and shear, single or multiple impact, continuous abrasion of the casings. When implementing any of these methods, a high degree of peeling with maximum preservation of the integrity of the core remains the main requirement of the technological process. Despite this, the finished product always contains crushed particles. An analysis of literary sources showed that roller machines with rubberized rollers are the most widely used. However, their working coating is short-lived and frequent adjustment of the working gap is required. This leads to the need for periodic repair impacts, which is associated with significant costs of working time. Increasing the convenience and reducing the time spent on maintenance is possible by simplifying the design of the attachment point of the rubber roll to the hub and is an urgent task. The review of patent sources identified the main directions for solving this problem. However, all the considered designs do not have the required level of efficiency. Therefore, the author of the article proposed an original constructive solution to this problem. In the proposed design of the shelling machine roll, rubber O-rings are used as elements connecting and transmitting rotation from the hub to the rubberized roll. The performed calculations prove that the specified ring will ensure tight contact between the hub and the bandage. Thus, annular elastomer seals can be used not only for their intended purpose, but also as power elements for fixed coupling of parts, expanding their scope.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77291087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-811-819
A. Malkandueva, M. Kashukoev
The article presents the results of a study on the effect of seed reproduction on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The studies were carried out in 2015-2018 on the winter common wheat variety Yuzhanka, jointly bred by the Institute of Agriculture of the KBSC RAS and the N.N. P. P. Lukyanenko in the conditions of the steppe zone of Kabardino-Balkaria. In the experiments, changes in the yield structure and grain quality were studied depending on reproduction on the crops of the breeding nursery, superelite, elite, reproductive seeds (1-4) and mass reproduction. According to the studies, the yield structure of the winter soft wheat variety Yuzhanka changed from breeding nursery to mass reproduction. Yield variation on average over the years of research on reproductions was 42.2-48.6 c/ha, with a predominance in the breeding nursery. Such indicators as the number of productive stems from 407 to 342 pcs/m2, grain weight per ear from 1.23 to 1.11 g and weight of 1000 seeds from 41.3 to 38.3 g and other indicators also decreased. The productivity and quality indicators of winter wheat tend to decrease as seeds of different reproductions are used for sowing, that is, from seeds of the breeding nursery to mass reproduction. It should be noted that in adjacent reproductions, the indicators do not differ much. The results of the research showed that as reproduction decreases, the number of grains, the weight of grain from 1 ear and the weight of 1000 seeds. The content of protein and gluten also decreased by 0.6 and 1.0%, respectively, when comparing elite seeds with mass reproduction. The vitreousness of the grain, when using seeds of mass reproductions, decreased by 2.5% compared to the elite.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF REPRODUCTION ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT","authors":"A. Malkandueva, M. Kashukoev","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-811-819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-811-819","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study on the effect of seed reproduction on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The studies were carried out in 2015-2018 on the winter common wheat variety Yuzhanka, jointly bred by the Institute of Agriculture of the KBSC RAS and the N.N. P. P. Lukyanenko in the conditions of the steppe zone of Kabardino-Balkaria. In the experiments, changes in the yield structure and grain quality were studied depending on reproduction on the crops of the breeding nursery, superelite, elite, reproductive seeds (1-4) and mass reproduction. According to the studies, the yield structure of the winter soft wheat variety Yuzhanka changed from breeding nursery to mass reproduction. Yield variation on average over the years of research on reproductions was 42.2-48.6 c/ha, with a predominance in the breeding nursery. Such indicators as the number of productive stems from 407 to 342 pcs/m2, grain weight per ear from 1.23 to 1.11 g and weight of 1000 seeds from 41.3 to 38.3 g and other indicators also decreased. The productivity and quality indicators of winter wheat tend to decrease as seeds of different reproductions are used for sowing, that is, from seeds of the breeding nursery to mass reproduction. It should be noted that in adjacent reproductions, the indicators do not differ much. The results of the research showed that as reproduction decreases, the number of grains, the weight of grain from 1 ear and the weight of 1000 seeds. The content of protein and gluten also decreased by 0.6 and 1.0%, respectively, when comparing elite seeds with mass reproduction. The vitreousness of the grain, when using seeds of mass reproductions, decreased by 2.5% compared to the elite.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77438517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-648-656
O. Biryukov
The results of the use of the prebiotic drug "Kormomix MOS", when growing sheep of the Stavropol breed up to 8 months of age in semi-desert conditions are presented. During the period of the lambing campaign, two groups of queens with sheep aged 30 days were formed in the flock of sheep. Lambs were selected according to the method of analogues of 20 heads in each group. For separate feeding of lambs inside the sakman cages made of wooden shields, "canteens" with an area of 15 m2 were equipped. The prebiotic drug "Kormomix-MOS" is 5 g per head per day for 30 days. Its positive effect on the increase in live weight and meat productivity has been established. According to the live weight, the superiority of the animals of the experimental group over the control ones was 1.95 kg or 5.6% (P>0.999). The experienced animals had the best meat qualities. According to the pre-slaughter weight, the excess was 5.2%, according to the mass of chilled carcasses, the advantage was 1.16 kg (8.3%), respectively. The lethal yield was also 42.2 % in the experimental group, and it was 41.13% in the control group, respectively. The analysis of the yield of cuts by varieties also indicates that in the carcasses of animals of the II experimental group, the yield of first – class cuts-hip, lumbar and shoulder-spinal, was greater than in the control ones by 0.5%. In terms of morphological composition, the carcasses of group II sheep exceeded the control in terms of the yield of edible parts (pulp) by 0.91%, the meat content coefficient - by 0.06 and the area of the muscle eye – by 0.21 cm2 or 2.1%. When cutting carcasses into anatomical cuts, the advantage of experimental animals over control animals was also established. The average shoulder-spinal cut in the group of experimental animals was 6.57 kg, and the hip cut was 4.29 kg, which exceeded the control ones by 8.2% and 8.9%, respectively. No significant differences were found for the remaining cuts. The mass of the internal organs of the experimental animals was generally greater than that of the control animals, but there was no statistical difference.
{"title":"PROBIOTIC DRUG \"KORMOMIX MOS\" IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF RAISING YOUNG SHEEP","authors":"O. Biryukov","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-648-656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-648-656","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the use of the prebiotic drug \"Kormomix MOS\", when growing sheep of the Stavropol breed up to 8 months of age in semi-desert conditions are presented. During the period of the lambing campaign, two groups of queens with sheep aged 30 days were formed in the flock of sheep. Lambs were selected according to the method of analogues of 20 heads in each group. For separate feeding of lambs inside the sakman cages made of wooden shields, \"canteens\" with an area of 15 m2 were equipped. The prebiotic drug \"Kormomix-MOS\" is 5 g per head per day for 30 days. Its positive effect on the increase in live weight and meat productivity has been established. According to the live weight, the superiority of the animals of the experimental group over the control ones was 1.95 kg or 5.6% (P>0.999). The experienced animals had the best meat qualities. According to the pre-slaughter weight, the excess was 5.2%, according to the mass of chilled carcasses, the advantage was 1.16 kg (8.3%), respectively. The lethal yield was also 42.2 % in the experimental group, and it was 41.13% in the control group, respectively. The analysis of the yield of cuts by varieties also indicates that in the carcasses of animals of the II experimental group, the yield of first – class cuts-hip, lumbar and shoulder-spinal, was greater than in the control ones by 0.5%. In terms of morphological composition, the carcasses of group II sheep exceeded the control in terms of the yield of edible parts (pulp) by 0.91%, the meat content coefficient - by 0.06 and the area of the muscle eye – by 0.21 cm2 or 2.1%. When cutting carcasses into anatomical cuts, the advantage of experimental animals over control animals was also established. The average shoulder-spinal cut in the group of experimental animals was 6.57 kg, and the hip cut was 4.29 kg, which exceeded the control ones by 8.2% and 8.9%, respectively. No significant differences were found for the remaining cuts. The mass of the internal organs of the experimental animals was generally greater than that of the control animals, but there was no statistical difference.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81101039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-2-203-210
O. Voitenko, L. Voitenko
The article presents the results of studies that were obtained when using coconut milk in the technology of chicken breast production. Experiments were carried out at the Department of Food Technology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Don State Agrarian University" in 2019-2020. An increase in the sale of meat and its products by an average of 6.3% was noticed. More than 700 items now have a meat industry. Of these, 64% is cooked sausage and about 25% raw smoked, boiled smoked and raw sausage. To achieve high-quality sausage, manufacturers use only benign raw materials and to lower its cost, add protein ingredients of vegetable and animal origin. And in order to increase the duration of storage and improve the appearance, non-meat components are added - preservatives, flavor additives, emulsifiers. The purpose of this work was to use coconut milk in the technology of chicken breast production. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to develop a technology for the production of chicken breast with the addition of coconut milk, to determine the mass fraction and energy value of the finished product. The subject of the study was chicken breast with coconut milk added. As a result of studying the effect of coconut milk on the percentage of moisture in the finished product, it was found that the weight fraction of moisture varied in the prototypes and amounted to 41.4%, 48.8% and 62.9%, therefore, it was within the framework of GOST P 55455-2013. The energy value indicators of the best sample No. 1 were as follows: EC = 346.92 kcal.
本文介绍了椰奶在鸡胸肉生产工艺中的应用研究结果。实验于2019-2020年在联邦国家预算高等教育机构“顿州农业大学”食品技术系进行。肉类及其制品的销售平均增长了6.3%。现在有700多个项目拥有肉类产业。其中，64%是煮熟的香肠，约25%是生熏的，煮熏的和生香肠。为了获得高品质的香肠，制造商只使用良性原料，并为降低成本，添加植物和动物来源的蛋白质成分。为了延长贮藏时间和改善外观，还添加了非肉类成分——防腐剂、风味添加剂、乳化剂。研究了椰奶在鸡胸肉生产中的应用。为实现这一目标，确定了以下任务:开发一种添加椰奶的鸡胸肉生产技术，确定成品的质量分数和能量值。研究对象是加了椰奶的鸡胸肉。通过研究椰奶对成品水分百分比的影响，发现样品中水分的重量分数不同，分别为41.4%、48.8%和62.9%，因此在GOST P 55455-2013的框架内。最佳样品1号的能量值指标为:EC = 346.92 kcal。
{"title":"APPLICATION OF COCONUT MILK IN CHICKEN BREAST PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY","authors":"O. Voitenko, L. Voitenko","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-2-203-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-2-203-210","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies that were obtained when using coconut milk in the technology of chicken breast production. Experiments were carried out at the Department of Food Technology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \"Don State Agrarian University\" in 2019-2020. An increase in the sale of meat and its products by an average of 6.3% was noticed. More than 700 items now have a meat industry. Of these, 64% is cooked sausage and about 25% raw smoked, boiled smoked and raw sausage. To achieve high-quality sausage, manufacturers use only benign raw materials and to lower its cost, add protein ingredients of vegetable and animal origin. And in order to increase the duration of storage and improve the appearance, non-meat components are added - preservatives, flavor additives, emulsifiers. The purpose of this work was to use coconut milk in the technology of chicken breast production. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to develop a technology for the production of chicken breast with the addition of coconut milk, to determine the mass fraction and energy value of the finished product. The subject of the study was chicken breast with coconut milk added. As a result of studying the effect of coconut milk on the percentage of moisture in the finished product, it was found that the weight fraction of moisture varied in the prototypes and amounted to 41.4%, 48.8% and 62.9%, therefore, it was within the framework of GOST P 55455-2013. The energy value indicators of the best sample No. 1 were as follows: EC = 346.92 kcal.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86486488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1030-1038
Roguleva Natalya Olegovna, Yankov Nikolai Viktorovich
The article presents data on germination, completion, moisture content, morphology and weight of 1000 seeds collected from adult plants of Rivina humilis L. growing in the greenhouse of the Botanical Garden of Samara University. The fruits of this ornamental houseplant were collected in different years of reproduction (from 2013 to 2021). The seeds cleaned from the pericarp were stored in paper bags at room temperature. Express-assessment of seed quality was carried out using the method of digital microfocus radiography. Seed fulfillment ranged from 97 to 100%. No signs of pest infestation or seed damage were found. Seed sizes were measured using the JMicroVision program. The seed diameter changed from 2.76 to 2.93 mm over 9 years, which is consistent with the data of other researchers. The weight of 1000 seeds is characterized by the following range of values: from 3.71 to 4.26 g. The weight of 1000 seeds obtained in the greenhouse of the Samara Botanical Garden is comparable to the weight of 1000 seeds obtained from natural habitats. The seed moisture content was 5.77–8.19% for seeds stored for more than a year and 11.98% for freshly harvested seeds. Seeds remained viable after 9 years of storage, laboratory germination was the higher, the fresher the seeds were. The first seedlings in the seeds of Rivina humilis L. appeared on the 3rd day from the start of the experiment. The highest seed germination rate index was in the 2020 and 2021 samples. Seeds obtained in the greenhouse conditions of the Botanical Garden of Samara University are viable and can be used for seed exchange with other botanical institutions.
{"title":"CONTROL OF SEED VIABILITY OF RIVINA HUMILIS L.","authors":"Roguleva Natalya Olegovna, Yankov Nikolai Viktorovich","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1030-1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1030-1038","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data on germination, completion, moisture content, morphology and weight of 1000 seeds collected from adult plants of Rivina humilis L. growing in the greenhouse of the Botanical Garden of Samara University. The fruits of this ornamental houseplant were collected in different years of reproduction (from 2013 to 2021). The seeds cleaned from the pericarp were stored in paper bags at room temperature. Express-assessment of seed quality was carried out using the method of digital microfocus radiography. Seed fulfillment ranged from 97 to 100%. No signs of pest infestation or seed damage were found. Seed sizes were measured using the JMicroVision program. The seed diameter changed from 2.76 to 2.93 mm over 9 years, which is consistent with the data of other researchers. The weight of 1000 seeds is characterized by the following range of values: from 3.71 to 4.26 g. The weight of 1000 seeds obtained in the greenhouse of the Samara Botanical Garden is comparable to the weight of 1000 seeds obtained from natural habitats. The seed moisture content was 5.77–8.19% for seeds stored for more than a year and 11.98% for freshly harvested seeds. Seeds remained viable after 9 years of storage, laboratory germination was the higher, the fresher the seeds were. The first seedlings in the seeds of Rivina humilis L. appeared on the 3rd day from the start of the experiment. The highest seed germination rate index was in the 2020 and 2021 samples. Seeds obtained in the greenhouse conditions of the Botanical Garden of Samara University are viable and can be used for seed exchange with other botanical institutions.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87947528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-925-938
V. Karimova
The disclosure of the genetic potential and milk productivity of cows of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed largely depends on the use of certain feeding factors. The lack of protein and the imbalance of its quality indicators, the lack of amino acids in diets is one of the most important problems in feeding dairy cattle in modern animal husbandry. The synthesis of microbial protein in the rumen is limited and provides only up to 50% of the cows' protein needs, the remaining 50% must be supplied to the animal's body with protein that is not degradable in the rumen. But, since traditional feeds have a low content of it, it is necessary to enrich the main diet with high-protein supplements. To solve this problem, we used the method of introducing into the diet of cows of the experimental group an additive with a "protected" protein - "Belkoff-M". The study was conducted on the basis of the dairy complex LLC "Modern Agrotechnologies" "Ryzhovo" of the Moscow region, Podolsky district, the village of Babenki. 20 dairy cows of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed were selected by the method of pair-analogues, taking into account the breed, age, live weight, productivity and date of the last calving. Animals received the same diet in the preliminary period. By the beginning of the experiment, the lactation period of cows ranged from 123 to 215 days. Then they were divided into two groups, one of which received a protein supplement instead of part of the feed. The results in the groups were determined in accordance with the data of control milkings and chemical analysis of milk on the 19th, 47th and 76th day of the experiment. Studies have shown the effectiveness of the protein supplement "Belkoff-M" in feeding highly productive cows. Was reduced part of the feed in the diet and increased the amount of non-degradable protein in the rumen. Thus, it was possible to reduce the exorbitant level of cleavable protein, which ultimately led to the normalization of metabolic processes in the animal body and an increase in the productivity of cows.
{"title":"MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS WHEN USING PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT \"BELKOFF-M\"","authors":"V. Karimova","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-925-938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-925-938","url":null,"abstract":"The disclosure of the genetic potential and milk productivity of cows of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed largely depends on the use of certain feeding factors. The lack of protein and the imbalance of its quality indicators, the lack of amino acids in diets is one of the most important problems in feeding dairy cattle in modern animal husbandry. The synthesis of microbial protein in the rumen is limited and provides only up to 50% of the cows' protein needs, the remaining 50% must be supplied to the animal's body with protein that is not degradable in the rumen. But, since traditional feeds have a low content of it, it is necessary to enrich the main diet with high-protein supplements. To solve this problem, we used the method of introducing into the diet of cows of the experimental group an additive with a \"protected\" protein - \"Belkoff-M\". The study was conducted on the basis of the dairy complex LLC \"Modern Agrotechnologies\" \"Ryzhovo\" of the Moscow region, Podolsky district, the village of Babenki. 20 dairy cows of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed were selected by the method of pair-analogues, taking into account the breed, age, live weight, productivity and date of the last calving. Animals received the same diet in the preliminary period. By the beginning of the experiment, the lactation period of cows ranged from 123 to 215 days. Then they were divided into two groups, one of which received a protein supplement instead of part of the feed. The results in the groups were determined in accordance with the data of control milkings and chemical analysis of milk on the 19th, 47th and 76th day of the experiment. Studies have shown the effectiveness of the protein supplement \"Belkoff-M\" in feeding highly productive cows. Was reduced part of the feed in the diet and increased the amount of non-degradable protein in the rumen. Thus, it was possible to reduce the exorbitant level of cleavable protein, which ultimately led to the normalization of metabolic processes in the animal body and an increase in the productivity of cows.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87949117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1057-1065
Ikoeva Larisa Petrovna, Khaeva Oksana Elbrusovna
The results of studying the effect of microfertilizer "Ultramag Combi" and growth regulator "Regoplant" on productivity and the developed system of their combined use for the production of environmentally friendly potatoes are presented. Field experiments were carried out in 2018-2020. on leached heavy loamy chernozem underlain by pebbles of the forest-steppe zone of North Ossetia-Alania. For all variants of treatment with the growth regulator "Regoplant" and the microfertilizer "Ultramag Combi", an increase in the yield of tubers was obtained. The maximum potato yield was obtained when treated with a tank mix - 22.8 t/ha. The quality indicators of potato tubers (dry matter content, starch, vitamin C) improved markedly in all variants of the experiment compared to the control. The highest content of dry matter (22.6%) and starch (12.7%) was noted when using the tank mixture: Regoplant (25 ml/ha) + Ultramag Combi (0.75 l/ha). The calculation of economic efficiency showed that the costs are paid off in all variants of the experiment, however, the most profitable option turned out to be the treatment with a tank mixture: "Regoplant" (25 ml/ha) + "Ultramag Combi" (0.75 l/ha), where the profitability was 54.4% or 19% more than the control variant, and compared with II and III experimental variants - by 10.2; 7.8% more respectively.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY ELEMENTS ON YIELD AND QUALITY INDICATORS OF POTATO TUBERS OF THE MIDDLE-MAPING VARIETY \"BARNA\" IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF RNO-ALANIA","authors":"Ikoeva Larisa Petrovna, Khaeva Oksana Elbrusovna","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1057-1065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1057-1065","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studying the effect of microfertilizer \"Ultramag Combi\" and growth regulator \"Regoplant\" on productivity and the developed system of their combined use for the production of environmentally friendly potatoes are presented. Field experiments were carried out in 2018-2020. on leached heavy loamy chernozem underlain by pebbles of the forest-steppe zone of North Ossetia-Alania. For all variants of treatment with the growth regulator \"Regoplant\" and the microfertilizer \"Ultramag Combi\", an increase in the yield of tubers was obtained. The maximum potato yield was obtained when treated with a tank mix - 22.8 t/ha. The quality indicators of potato tubers (dry matter content, starch, vitamin C) improved markedly in all variants of the experiment compared to the control. The highest content of dry matter (22.6%) and starch (12.7%) was noted when using the tank mixture: Regoplant (25 ml/ha) + Ultramag Combi (0.75 l/ha). The calculation of economic efficiency showed that the costs are paid off in all variants of the experiment, however, the most profitable option turned out to be the treatment with a tank mixture: \"Regoplant\" (25 ml/ha) + \"Ultramag Combi\" (0.75 l/ha), where the profitability was 54.4% or 19% more than the control variant, and compared with II and III experimental variants - by 10.2; 7.8% more respectively.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85951607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-4-494-500
T. Korsunova
Data on changes in the biological activity of permafrost-taiga soils of the Baikal region during reforestation are presented. Microbiological analyses of soils were carried out according to generally accepted methods recommended by the Department of Soil Microorganisms of the Institute of Microbiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Soil samples for microbiological analysis were taken at a depth of up to 20 cm. The biological activity of permafrost-taiga soils was determined at three sites of larch forests of the Baikal region: yernikovo-bagulnikovy, lingonberry-raznotravny, bagulnikovo-raznotravny. As a result of the research, the following conclusions were made: the overall level of the number of microorganisms on the control variants of all larch forest sites is insignificant; deforestation leads to a change in the group structure, the level of abundance and biochemical activity of soil microorganisms; a wide spread of the group structure, compared with the control, a decrease in the number of some groups of microorganisms, the activity of a number of indicators of biochemical activity of soils on the TT-4 variant of” unsystematic " deforestation indicates an imbalance of the biological balance in the soil environment; the most favorable soil and ecological conditions for the development of microorganisms are created in the variants of fresh felling when using the TT-4 “narrow belts” and LP-49 “shuttle” technology; the biological activity of soils is highest in the variant of soils of old felling, which indicates the active functioning of the entire ecosystem. The general level of the number of microorganisms in the control variants of deforestation, violating the ecological balance of soil conditions, leads to a change in the group structure, the level of the number and enzymatic activity of soil microorganisms.
{"title":"CHANGES IN BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN FOREST SOILS OF THE BAIKAL REGION DURING REFORESTATION","authors":"T. Korsunova","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-4-494-500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-4-494-500","url":null,"abstract":"Data on changes in the biological activity of permafrost-taiga soils of the Baikal region during reforestation are presented. Microbiological analyses of soils were carried out according to generally accepted methods recommended by the Department of Soil Microorganisms of the Institute of Microbiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Soil samples for microbiological analysis were taken at a depth of up to 20 cm. The biological activity of permafrost-taiga soils was determined at three sites of larch forests of the Baikal region: yernikovo-bagulnikovy, lingonberry-raznotravny, bagulnikovo-raznotravny. As a result of the research, the following conclusions were made: the overall level of the number of microorganisms on the control variants of all larch forest sites is insignificant; deforestation leads to a change in the group structure, the level of abundance and biochemical activity of soil microorganisms; a wide spread of the group structure, compared with the control, a decrease in the number of some groups of microorganisms, the activity of a number of indicators of biochemical activity of soils on the TT-4 variant of” unsystematic \" deforestation indicates an imbalance of the biological balance in the soil environment; the most favorable soil and ecological conditions for the development of microorganisms are created in the variants of fresh felling when using the TT-4 “narrow belts” and LP-49 “shuttle” technology; the biological activity of soils is highest in the variant of soils of old felling, which indicates the active functioning of the entire ecosystem. The general level of the number of microorganisms in the control variants of deforestation, violating the ecological balance of soil conditions, leads to a change in the group structure, the level of the number and enzymatic activity of soil microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90369904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1178-1185
Afordanyi Daniel Mavuena, Validov Shamil Zavdatovich, Agoltsov Valery Aleksandrovich, Chernov Albert Nikolaevich
Pathogenic bioagents have a great influence on the health of animals and humans. Every year, the number of microorganisms that pose a threat to animal health is growing. Along with this, the large-scale use of antibiotics in agriculture creates problems of antibiotic resistance for pathogenic bioagents. The search for antimicrobials in this regard is a priority. As a result, the search for new antimicrobials, especially antibiotics, has become ubiquitous for animal health. In the world, scientists on this problem have published many works devoted to Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, etc. 200 ml of 0.1 N solutions of heavy metals (AgNO3, CuSO4, Ni(NO3)2, Pb(CH3COO)2, ZnSO4). Here we obtained a modified Ag, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn zeolite tuff, which we tested on strains of the aforementioned pathogens. To ensure a constant concentration of metals in the experiment, the obtained dried powder was diluted in 10 ml of sterile distilled water and vigorously shaken before being placed on the surface of the medium with the applied pathogen culture. Among all synthetic zeolites tested on these three pathogens, zeolite containing Ag+ and Cu+2 exhibited antagonistic activity. A high antimicrobial effect of Ag zeolite was observed against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans compared to S. aureus. Conversely, copper-containing zeolite showed a higher antimicrobial effect against S. aureus with less effect on P. aeruginosa and almost no effect on C. albicans. Surprisingly, Ni-, Pb- and Zn-zeolites did not have any antagonistic effect on all tested pathogens. The control zeolite also had no effect on pathogens.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF ZEOLITES CONTAINING METALS ON STAPHYLOCCOCUS AUREUS, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND CANDIDA ALBICANS","authors":"Afordanyi Daniel Mavuena, Validov Shamil Zavdatovich, Agoltsov Valery Aleksandrovich, Chernov Albert Nikolaevich","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1178-1185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1178-1185","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic bioagents have a great influence on the health of animals and humans. Every year, the number of microorganisms that pose a threat to animal health is growing. Along with this, the large-scale use of antibiotics in agriculture creates problems of antibiotic resistance for pathogenic bioagents. The search for antimicrobials in this regard is a priority. As a result, the search for new antimicrobials, especially antibiotics, has become ubiquitous for animal health. In the world, scientists on this problem have published many works devoted to Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, etc. 200 ml of 0.1 N solutions of heavy metals (AgNO3, CuSO4, Ni(NO3)2, Pb(CH3COO)2, ZnSO4). Here we obtained a modified Ag, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn zeolite tuff, which we tested on strains of the aforementioned pathogens. To ensure a constant concentration of metals in the experiment, the obtained dried powder was diluted in 10 ml of sterile distilled water and vigorously shaken before being placed on the surface of the medium with the applied pathogen culture. Among all synthetic zeolites tested on these three pathogens, zeolite containing Ag+ and Cu+2 exhibited antagonistic activity. A high antimicrobial effect of Ag zeolite was observed against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans compared to S. aureus. Conversely, copper-containing zeolite showed a higher antimicrobial effect against S. aureus with less effect on P. aeruginosa and almost no effect on C. albicans. Surprisingly, Ni-, Pb- and Zn-zeolites did not have any antagonistic effect on all tested pathogens. The control zeolite also had no effect on pathogens.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89347242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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