Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-828-838
A. Dergunov
The qualitative characteristics of technical grapes and wine largely depend on the system of this crop. The objects of research were grapes and wine material of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in grafted and own-rooted cultures with variants of different loads of shoots on a bush. The experience of studying the influence of various agrotechnical methods on the productivity of a grape plant and the quality of wine material was laid down in the Anapo-Taman climatic zone of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia. The largest yield of the Krasnostop AZOS variety during the years of the study was obtained in the variant of own-rooted grape cultivation with its load of 36-40 shoots per bush. In our studies, there is a tendency to increase the sugar content and reduce the titratable acidity of grapes when maintaining vineyards of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in own-rooted culture. The most optimal ratio of sugar content and titratable acidity in the experiment had grapes from the variant of own-rooted culture with a load of shoots of 36-40 pcs/bush. In the studied variants, the largest amount of phenolic substances was found in wine material from own-rooted grapes with a load of 36-40 shoots per bush - 4130 mg/dm3. The maximum total content of substances from a number of biologically active substances was found in wine from grape raw materials obtained from a grafted culture (134.9 - 147.9 mg/dm3). In 2018-2019, from the organoleptic side, wine materials from own-rooted grapes proved to be of the highest quality.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF METHODS OF MAINTAINING THE VARIETY KRASNOSTOP AZOS AND ITS LOAD ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF GRAPES AND WINE FROM IT","authors":"A. Dergunov","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-828-838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-7-828-838","url":null,"abstract":"The qualitative characteristics of technical grapes and wine largely depend on the system of this crop. The objects of research were grapes and wine material of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in grafted and own-rooted cultures with variants of different loads of shoots on a bush. The experience of studying the influence of various agrotechnical methods on the productivity of a grape plant and the quality of wine material was laid down in the Anapo-Taman climatic zone of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia. The largest yield of the Krasnostop AZOS variety during the years of the study was obtained in the variant of own-rooted grape cultivation with its load of 36-40 shoots per bush. In our studies, there is a tendency to increase the sugar content and reduce the titratable acidity of grapes when maintaining vineyards of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in own-rooted culture. The most optimal ratio of sugar content and titratable acidity in the experiment had grapes from the variant of own-rooted culture with a load of shoots of 36-40 pcs/bush. In the studied variants, the largest amount of phenolic substances was found in wine material from own-rooted grapes with a load of 36-40 shoots per bush - 4130 mg/dm3. The maximum total content of substances from a number of biologically active substances was found in wine from grape raw materials obtained from a grafted culture (134.9 - 147.9 mg/dm3). In 2018-2019, from the organoleptic side, wine materials from own-rooted grapes proved to be of the highest quality.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87303727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-752-761
N. A. Dudenkova, O. Shubina, V. S. Bardin
The relevance of our study is due to the high frequency and prevalence of such a female disease as infertility, which can lead to various developments of fetal pathologies. All this can be incorporated in the very nature of germ cells, but also arise in the course of their formation and maturation. The aim of this study is to study the histological parameters of the ovaries of nulliparous white rats in the postnatal period. As an object of study in our work, we used female white sexually mature rats of the line at the age of 2–3 months and weighing about 200–250 g. The rats were kept in a standard vivarium and were not subjected to pathological effects. The material of histological examination was the ovaries at the stage of diestrus. Smears and tissue samples were examined using an Axio Imager.M2 digital microscope (ZEISS, Japan) with AxioVision SE64 Rel image analysis software. 4.8.3 and ZEN 2011. In the course of our studies, we noted that at the stage of diestrus in the ovarian cortex, follicles are at different stages of development: from primordial follicles and up to mature graphite vesicles. Atretic follicles are also revealed. The connective tissue stroma forms the basis of the ovary and is located between the follicles. In the ovaries of female white rats, yellow bodies of menstruation were found, which always form after ovulation of a mature mature follicle. The detected menstrual corpus luteum in the cortical substance of the ovary are evenly distributed. The revealed histological features of the structure of the ovaries of female white rats prove the sexual maturity of the experimental animals.
{"title":"HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE OVARIES OF FEMALE WHITE RATS DURING PUBERTY","authors":"N. A. Dudenkova, O. Shubina, V. S. Bardin","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-752-761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-752-761","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of our study is due to the high frequency and prevalence of such a female disease as infertility, which can lead to various developments of fetal pathologies. All this can be incorporated in the very nature of germ cells, but also arise in the course of their formation and maturation. The aim of this study is to study the histological parameters of the ovaries of nulliparous white rats in the postnatal period. As an object of study in our work, we used female white sexually mature rats of the line at the age of 2–3 months and weighing about 200–250 g. The rats were kept in a standard vivarium and were not subjected to pathological effects. The material of histological examination was the ovaries at the stage of diestrus. Smears and tissue samples were examined using an Axio Imager.M2 digital microscope (ZEISS, Japan) with AxioVision SE64 Rel image analysis software. 4.8.3 and ZEN 2011. In the course of our studies, we noted that at the stage of diestrus in the ovarian cortex, follicles are at different stages of development: from primordial follicles and up to mature graphite vesicles. Atretic follicles are also revealed. The connective tissue stroma forms the basis of the ovary and is located between the follicles. In the ovaries of female white rats, yellow bodies of menstruation were found, which always form after ovulation of a mature mature follicle. The detected menstrual corpus luteum in the cortical substance of the ovary are evenly distributed. The revealed histological features of the structure of the ovaries of female white rats prove the sexual maturity of the experimental animals.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88051324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-690-700
I. A. Datieva
The article discusses the results of studies of a new technology developed by us for the cultivation of an annual crop of Alexandrian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), which includes the method of pre-sowing seed treatment with different terms and methods of sowing. Recently, along with agrotechnical measures to stabilize crop production, there is a need to cultivate non-traditional crops useful for human nutrition and health, and annual legumes play an important role in this process. A short vegetation cycle and intensive rates of crop formation make it possible to cultivate them in repeated crops in places with a favorable bioclimatic potential. Annual fodder grasses have a variety of uses and purposes. In the zone of sufficient moisture, these are good fallow-occupying crops. Annual leguminous grasses play an important role in creating a solid forage base: in summer they are the main source of green fodder production, they are used for making hay, haylage, silage, concentrated fodder in the form of grass meal, cutting, full-ration briquettes and granules; annual legumes can also be used as a concentrated feed in the form of grains. Harvesting grasses in the early phases of vegetation and with multi-cutting using artificial drying makes it possible to obtain fodder that is not inferior in total calorie content to oats and barley, and significantly exceeds them in protein content. Annual grasses are distinguished by a great diversity in terms of agrobiological features: they are widely used as preliminary crops on lands of radical improvement and as links in a pasture conveyor. The studies carried out by us over four years (2017-2020) revealed that the presowing treatment of Alexandrian clover seeds with double and triple mixtures of PABA, krezatsin and chicory infusion (against the background of preliminary stratification) provides a low-cost, environmentally friendly way of presowing stimulation of Alexandrian clover seeds with simultaneous hardening, adaptation and selection of the best species for use in a particular region, it is advisable to sow clover for seeds with a row spacing of 50 cm and a seeding rate of 6 kg/ha, and the optimal sowing time is the beginning of March and the first ten days of September.
{"title":"CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF THE ANNUAL CLOVER OF ALEXANDRIA (TRIFOLIUM ALEXANDRINUM)","authors":"I. A. Datieva","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-690-700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-690-700","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the results of studies of a new technology developed by us for the cultivation of an annual crop of Alexandrian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), which includes the method of pre-sowing seed treatment with different terms and methods of sowing. Recently, along with agrotechnical measures to stabilize crop production, there is a need to cultivate non-traditional crops useful for human nutrition and health, and annual legumes play an important role in this process. A short vegetation cycle and intensive rates of crop formation make it possible to cultivate them in repeated crops in places with a favorable bioclimatic potential. Annual fodder grasses have a variety of uses and purposes. In the zone of sufficient moisture, these are good fallow-occupying crops. Annual leguminous grasses play an important role in creating a solid forage base: in summer they are the main source of green fodder production, they are used for making hay, haylage, silage, concentrated fodder in the form of grass meal, cutting, full-ration briquettes and granules; annual legumes can also be used as a concentrated feed in the form of grains. Harvesting grasses in the early phases of vegetation and with multi-cutting using artificial drying makes it possible to obtain fodder that is not inferior in total calorie content to oats and barley, and significantly exceeds them in protein content. Annual grasses are distinguished by a great diversity in terms of agrobiological features: they are widely used as preliminary crops on lands of radical improvement and as links in a pasture conveyor. The studies carried out by us over four years (2017-2020) revealed that the presowing treatment of Alexandrian clover seeds with double and triple mixtures of PABA, krezatsin and chicory infusion (against the background of preliminary stratification) provides a low-cost, environmentally friendly way of presowing stimulation of Alexandrian clover seeds with simultaneous hardening, adaptation and selection of the best species for use in a particular region, it is advisable to sow clover for seeds with a row spacing of 50 cm and a seeding rate of 6 kg/ha, and the optimal sowing time is the beginning of March and the first ten days of September.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88473946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The materials of the article consider the main problems associated with the overgrowth of weeds in the sown areas of the Republic of Dagestan. The analysis of methods for removing weeds proved the effectiveness of the mechanical method by performing soil cultivation. In order to reduce the energy intensity of the cultivation process, it is proposed to cut weeds at a minimum depth. For this, a new design of the cultivator with right- and left-handed paws was proposed, in which an elastic element is provided to stabilize the cutting depth. Based on the consideration of the process of cutting weeds with a cultivator’s paw, analytical dependencies were derived that provide a connection between the design and technological parameters of the working body of the cultivator with a minimum depth of cutting of weeds of 3-5 cm. field surface irregularities. To confirm the theoretical judgments, field studies of the cultivator of the proposed design and the serial cultivator KPS-4.0 mounted by the MTZ-82 tractor were carried out. In the course of the studies performed, it was found that the standard deviation of the depth of tillage for a serial cultivator was ±0.9÷±1.2 cm, and was higher compared to the values of the square deviation of the depth of tillage ±0.5÷±0, 6 cm experimental cultivator. At the same time, the serial cultivator provides 90% cutting of weeds, while the proposed one cuts 95% of weeds. All of the above allows us to conclude that the proposed cultivator with right- and left-handed paws is effective in tillage.
{"title":"BASIS OF STABILIZING THE CUTTING OF WEEDS BY A CULTIVATOR WITH RIGHT- AND LEFT-SIDE SHEETS","authors":"Khabibov Suleiman Rashadovich, Babaeva Albina Vagifovna","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1129-1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-8-1129-1139","url":null,"abstract":"The materials of the article consider the main problems associated with the overgrowth of weeds in the sown areas of the Republic of Dagestan. The analysis of methods for removing weeds proved the effectiveness of the mechanical method by performing soil cultivation. In order to reduce the energy intensity of the cultivation process, it is proposed to cut weeds at a minimum depth. For this, a new design of the cultivator with right- and left-handed paws was proposed, in which an elastic element is provided to stabilize the cutting depth. Based on the consideration of the process of cutting weeds with a cultivator’s paw, analytical dependencies were derived that provide a connection between the design and technological parameters of the working body of the cultivator with a minimum depth of cutting of weeds of 3-5 cm. field surface irregularities. To confirm the theoretical judgments, field studies of the cultivator of the proposed design and the serial cultivator KPS-4.0 mounted by the MTZ-82 tractor were carried out. In the course of the studies performed, it was found that the standard deviation of the depth of tillage for a serial cultivator was ±0.9÷±1.2 cm, and was higher compared to the values of the square deviation of the depth of tillage ±0.5÷±0, 6 cm experimental cultivator. At the same time, the serial cultivator provides 90% cutting of weeds, while the proposed one cuts 95% of weeds. All of the above allows us to conclude that the proposed cultivator with right- and left-handed paws is effective in tillage.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75697146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-638-647
O. Gogaev, A. Demurova, Yu.V. Nakonechny
Feeding during the suyagny period is crucial in obtaining strong and healthy offspring. In 2018-2020, in the peasant farm "Dzhigkaev Valery Sergeevich" of the Ardon district of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the influence of the feeding level of suyag queens on the morphological indicators of offspring was studied. For the experiment, after the end of the breeding company, 120 queens of the Tushinsky breed were selected, going to the third lambing, which were divided into 4 groups of 30 heads each. The sheep of the control group received a household ration compiled in accordance with the norms of the VIZ. The diet of sheep of the second, third and fourth groups was increased in total nutrition by 10, 15 and 20%, respectively, compared with the diet of the control group. During lambing, five heads of sheep and young sheep were selected, in which morphological parameters of the skin were studied, according to preparations made from lambs ' skin samples taken from 5 heads from each group. It was found that as a result of the increased level of feeding of queens during the dry period, there was an increase in the thickness of the skin and its layers, the depth of the hair follicles, the diameter of the bundles of collagen fibers. The different level of feeding of the queens during the suyag period did not affect the number of hair follicles laid in the skin of newborn lambs. At the same time, the number of formed wool fibers of newborn lambs depends on the level of feeding of their mothers during the fruiting period. The greatest number of rudimentary follicles in the hair or on the unit area of skin (43,1 – 44,2%) had lambs received from Queens, who was in the business environment of feeding level, the lowest – in lambs whose mothers received by 15 and 20% more nutrients in the diet that is high feeding level (28,9 – 34,2%).
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE LEVEL OF FEEDING OF THE TUSHINSKY BREED SUYAGNY QUEENS ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SKIN OF THE OFFSPRING AT BIRTH","authors":"O. Gogaev, A. Demurova, Yu.V. Nakonechny","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-638-647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-638-647","url":null,"abstract":"Feeding during the suyagny period is crucial in obtaining strong and healthy offspring. In 2018-2020, in the peasant farm \"Dzhigkaev Valery Sergeevich\" of the Ardon district of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the influence of the feeding level of suyag queens on the morphological indicators of offspring was studied. For the experiment, after the end of the breeding company, 120 queens of the Tushinsky breed were selected, going to the third lambing, which were divided into 4 groups of 30 heads each. The sheep of the control group received a household ration compiled in accordance with the norms of the VIZ. The diet of sheep of the second, third and fourth groups was increased in total nutrition by 10, 15 and 20%, respectively, compared with the diet of the control group. During lambing, five heads of sheep and young sheep were selected, in which morphological parameters of the skin were studied, according to preparations made from lambs ' skin samples taken from 5 heads from each group. It was found that as a result of the increased level of feeding of queens during the dry period, there was an increase in the thickness of the skin and its layers, the depth of the hair follicles, the diameter of the bundles of collagen fibers. The different level of feeding of the queens during the suyag period did not affect the number of hair follicles laid in the skin of newborn lambs. At the same time, the number of formed wool fibers of newborn lambs depends on the level of feeding of their mothers during the fruiting period. The greatest number of rudimentary follicles in the hair or on the unit area of skin (43,1 – 44,2%) had lambs received from Queens, who was in the business environment of feeding level, the lowest – in lambs whose mothers received by 15 and 20% more nutrients in the diet that is high feeding level (28,9 – 34,2%).","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75921278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-735-742
D. A. Artemiev, S. Kozlov, S. Loshchinin, A. Egunova
Fracture healing is an essential physiological process that determines quality of life as well as survival. Non-closure of the fracture determines significant limitations in the function of the musculoskeletal system. Deformities formed after fractures due to non-anatomical reposition of bone fragments, for example, reduction or curvature of a limb, determine pronounced limitations of biomechanical movements and capabilities. The ultimate goal is to consolidate the fracture with full return of bone strength as before the fracture. Quite a unique biological and physiological process, significantly long in time. The short phase of endochondral formation of superficial callus is replaced by a long phase of bone remodeling (remodeling). In the process of formation of endochondral callus, there is a possibility of non-fusion of bone fragments with the possibility of recurrence of the fracture. This review summarizes the available data on fracture consolidation in dogs and cats, looking at aspects related to classic, primary healing and what affects the rate of healing. Also aspects of delayed consolidation are: significant mobility due to unstable immobilization in case of bone fracture; the presence of a large diastasis between bone fragments; multifragmented fractures; decreased and impaired blood supply to the bones; possible infection in the fracture zone and concomitant systemic diseases in animals. As a result, the consolidation algorithm is quite complex and lengthy; it characterizes an increase in the number of cells capable of forming bone and connective tissue - osteoblasts and fibroblasts, respectively. Due to the formation of special substances by these cellular structures, all layers of the bone mature and its integrity is restored with the restoration of the musculoskeletal function.
{"title":"CONSOLIDATION OF BONE FRACTURES IN DOGS AND CATS","authors":"D. A. Artemiev, S. Kozlov, S. Loshchinin, A. Egunova","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-735-742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-6-735-742","url":null,"abstract":"Fracture healing is an essential physiological process that determines quality of life as well as survival. Non-closure of the fracture determines significant limitations in the function of the musculoskeletal system. Deformities formed after fractures due to non-anatomical reposition of bone fragments, for example, reduction or curvature of a limb, determine pronounced limitations of biomechanical movements and capabilities. The ultimate goal is to consolidate the fracture with full return of bone strength as before the fracture. Quite a unique biological and physiological process, significantly long in time. The short phase of endochondral formation of superficial callus is replaced by a long phase of bone remodeling (remodeling). In the process of formation of endochondral callus, there is a possibility of non-fusion of bone fragments with the possibility of recurrence of the fracture. This review summarizes the available data on fracture consolidation in dogs and cats, looking at aspects related to classic, primary healing and what affects the rate of healing. Also aspects of delayed consolidation are: significant mobility due to unstable immobilization in case of bone fracture; the presence of a large diastasis between bone fragments; multifragmented fractures; decreased and impaired blood supply to the bones; possible infection in the fracture zone and concomitant systemic diseases in animals. As a result, the consolidation algorithm is quite complex and lengthy; it characterizes an increase in the number of cells capable of forming bone and connective tissue - osteoblasts and fibroblasts, respectively. Due to the formation of special substances by these cellular structures, all layers of the bone mature and its integrity is restored with the restoration of the musculoskeletal function.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90539335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-2-155-161
L. M. Kelekhsashvili, I. A. Datieva
In intensifying fodder production, highly productive, high-protein and environmentally stable varieties of fodder crops are of fundamental importance. In this task, the main role is given to perennial legumes, among which clover occupies a priority. Clover is one of the leading fodder crops in many regions of Russia. In particular, in the North Caucasus, clover is of great importance in field and meadow fodder production. On hayfields and pastures of mountain slopes, this culture is used as a high-protein component in agro- and phytocenosis. The role of clover as a cheap source of protein for animals and an excellent precursor in the crop rotation link is well known. Its agrotechnical significance is also great: thanks to the nibble bacteria settling on the roots of clover, it is able to absorb atmospheric nitrogen. Clover roots penetrate deep into the ground, loosen soil layers, extracting nutrients difficult to access to other plants, enrich the soil with an organic substance, improve its structure, physical qualities, fix the arable layer and protect it from water and wind erosion. Due to the widespread use of this crop, there are increasingly high requirements for varieties cultivated in agrocenoses: increasing agrobiological and chemical-technological properties, improving soil fertility. To create highly effective pastures and hayfields, long-term and productive varieties of clover with high nutritional properties, salinity, resistance to diseases, trampling and mowing are required. The expansion of meadow clover crops is a priority area for the development of adaptive fodder production in North Ossetia, and especially in modern conditions, it is important to breed and evaluate its varieties. Meadow clover varieties are relatively resistant to adverse conditions and have high seed productivity. It is these requirements that meet the clover varieties "Dargavs," "Nart," "Mountain Saniba" and "Daryal." In order to identify clover varieties that are promising in the conditions of North Ossetia, on the basis of the North Caucasus Institute of Mining and Foothill Agriculture in the village. Mikhailovsky conducted research on their assessment of agrobiological and economic-valuable features. It was established that the variety "Mountain Saniba" stood out for the content of raw protein in dry matter, affinity, collection of dry matter per hectare. All studied varieties are adapted to the conditions of the foothill zone of North Ossetia, since they are winter straps. The growing season of the studied varieties varied on average 52-44 days by year, which is optimal for fodder harvesting in our region.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF CLOVER VARIETIES ON AGROBIOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC-VALUABLE GROUNDS","authors":"L. M. Kelekhsashvili, I. A. Datieva","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-2-155-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-2-155-161","url":null,"abstract":"In intensifying fodder production, highly productive, high-protein and environmentally stable varieties of fodder crops are of fundamental importance. In this task, the main role is given to perennial legumes, among which clover occupies a priority. Clover is one of the leading fodder crops in many regions of Russia. In particular, in the North Caucasus, clover is of great importance in field and meadow fodder production. On hayfields and pastures of mountain slopes, this culture is used as a high-protein component in agro- and phytocenosis. The role of clover as a cheap source of protein for animals and an excellent precursor in the crop rotation link is well known. Its agrotechnical significance is also great: thanks to the nibble bacteria settling on the roots of clover, it is able to absorb atmospheric nitrogen. Clover roots penetrate deep into the ground, loosen soil layers, extracting nutrients difficult to access to other plants, enrich the soil with an organic substance, improve its structure, physical qualities, fix the arable layer and protect it from water and wind erosion. Due to the widespread use of this crop, there are increasingly high requirements for varieties cultivated in agrocenoses: increasing agrobiological and chemical-technological properties, improving soil fertility. To create highly effective pastures and hayfields, long-term and productive varieties of clover with high nutritional properties, salinity, resistance to diseases, trampling and mowing are required. The expansion of meadow clover crops is a priority area for the development of adaptive fodder production in North Ossetia, and especially in modern conditions, it is important to breed and evaluate its varieties. Meadow clover varieties are relatively resistant to adverse conditions and have high seed productivity. It is these requirements that meet the clover varieties \"Dargavs,\" \"Nart,\" \"Mountain Saniba\" and \"Daryal.\" In order to identify clover varieties that are promising in the conditions of North Ossetia, on the basis of the North Caucasus Institute of Mining and Foothill Agriculture in the village. Mikhailovsky conducted research on their assessment of agrobiological and economic-valuable features. It was established that the variety \"Mountain Saniba\" stood out for the content of raw protein in dry matter, affinity, collection of dry matter per hectare. All studied varieties are adapted to the conditions of the foothill zone of North Ossetia, since they are winter straps. The growing season of the studied varieties varied on average 52-44 days by year, which is optimal for fodder harvesting in our region.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86958413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-573-582
A. Abaev, S.A. Tavkazakhov, V. Tedeeva, M.M. Gogaev
The article considers the influence of various doses of herbicides on weed vegetation, the growth and development of crops, the quality of the products obtained, the matrix diversity of seeds and yield. The combination of Pivot 0.8; Harmony 8 g/ha had the greatest toxic effect on weeds. The contamination of crops with this combination decreased by 93.6%, and the reduction in the mass of weeds by 95.3%. The efficiency of the Trophy 2.0 variant was also very high; Harmony 8 g / ha (the reduction in the number of weeds was 92.3%, and the mass was 93.7%). The efficiency of the options Pivot 0.8; Pulsar 0.8 and Trophy 2.0; Pulsar 0.8 was significantly lower. The combination of Trophy 2.0; Pulsar 0.8 had a strong inhibitory effect on the number of nodules and their raw mass. The effectiveness of herbicides largely depended on the botanical composition of weeds and the degree of their resistance to drugs, the timing and doses of their use, precipitation and precipitation distribution after chemical treatments. In conditions of elevated air and soil temperatures, the sensitivity of weeds to all herbicides increased significantly. The introduction of Trophy 2.0; Harmony 8g / ha significantly inhibited soybean seedlings, causing a slight decrease in the density of seedlings. The combination of Trophy 2.0; Pulsar 0.8 oppressed soybeans in the first half of the growing season, causing yellowing of plants. The introduction of herbicides contributed to an increase in productivity by increasing the number of beans and grains per plant by 18.4 – 38.9%. The use of the Pivot 0.8; Harmony 8 g/ha option led to an increase in the mass of 1000 seeds by 9-11 g and did not affect the germination energy and seed germination. The drugs used did not affect the onset of soybean seedlings, but their unfriendly (uneven) and longer germination was observed. Soil herbicides reduced the density of standing plants by 0.4-1.1%, insurance herbicides-by 2.7-3.3%. Weeds take out a significant amount of nutrients from the soil. In the control variant, the total removal of nitrogen by weeds was 109.2 kg/ha, phosphorus-16.4, potassium – 81.61 kg/ha. In the best variant (Pivot 0.8; Harmony 8 g/ha), nitrogen removal was 6.69 kg/ha, phosphorus-1.11, potassium – 5.13 kg/ha. The saved amount of nitrogen would be enough to form 12.2 c of soy grain, phosphorus and potassium, respectively, 6.63 and 20.67 c.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS HERBICIDES ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEANS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE RSO-ALANIA","authors":"A. Abaev, S.A. Tavkazakhov, V. Tedeeva, M.M. Gogaev","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-573-582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-573-582","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the influence of various doses of herbicides on weed vegetation, the growth and development of crops, the quality of the products obtained, the matrix diversity of seeds and yield. The combination of Pivot 0.8; Harmony 8 g/ha had the greatest toxic effect on weeds. The contamination of crops with this combination decreased by 93.6%, and the reduction in the mass of weeds by 95.3%. The efficiency of the Trophy 2.0 variant was also very high; Harmony 8 g / ha (the reduction in the number of weeds was 92.3%, and the mass was 93.7%). The efficiency of the options Pivot 0.8; Pulsar 0.8 and Trophy 2.0; Pulsar 0.8 was significantly lower. The combination of Trophy 2.0; Pulsar 0.8 had a strong inhibitory effect on the number of nodules and their raw mass. The effectiveness of herbicides largely depended on the botanical composition of weeds and the degree of their resistance to drugs, the timing and doses of their use, precipitation and precipitation distribution after chemical treatments. In conditions of elevated air and soil temperatures, the sensitivity of weeds to all herbicides increased significantly. The introduction of Trophy 2.0; Harmony 8g / ha significantly inhibited soybean seedlings, causing a slight decrease in the density of seedlings. The combination of Trophy 2.0; Pulsar 0.8 oppressed soybeans in the first half of the growing season, causing yellowing of plants. The introduction of herbicides contributed to an increase in productivity by increasing the number of beans and grains per plant by 18.4 – 38.9%. The use of the Pivot 0.8; Harmony 8 g/ha option led to an increase in the mass of 1000 seeds by 9-11 g and did not affect the germination energy and seed germination. The drugs used did not affect the onset of soybean seedlings, but their unfriendly (uneven) and longer germination was observed. Soil herbicides reduced the density of standing plants by 0.4-1.1%, insurance herbicides-by 2.7-3.3%. Weeds take out a significant amount of nutrients from the soil. In the control variant, the total removal of nitrogen by weeds was 109.2 kg/ha, phosphorus-16.4, potassium – 81.61 kg/ha. In the best variant (Pivot 0.8; Harmony 8 g/ha), nitrogen removal was 6.69 kg/ha, phosphorus-1.11, potassium – 5.13 kg/ha. The saved amount of nitrogen would be enough to form 12.2 c of soy grain, phosphorus and potassium, respectively, 6.63 and 20.67 c.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87124020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-3-303-315
Y. Sizova, A. N. Smirnov, E. E. Borisova, M. V. Shuvarin
The article presents an analysis of the water bodies of the Nizhny Novgorod region and the main approaches to solving the problem of protection and environmental rehabilitation of small water bodies in the region. Water is a valuable natural resource that is of great importance in industrial and agricultural production, therefore, the protection of water resources and ensuring their environmental safety are among the most important problems facing humanity. Currently, there is increasing attention to small rivers, whose ecosystems are changing and degrading under the influence of anthropogenic activities. The Nizhny Novgorod Region is one of the most water-rich regions of Russia. There are more than 10,000 water bodies of natural and artificial origin, a significant part of them belong to small water bodies, many of which are practically not studied. Currently, special attention is paid to the problems of pollution of such water bodies as small rivers. In terms of the volume of polluted and insufficiently treated wastewater, the Nizhny Novgorod Region ranks first among the regions of the federal district. In order to solve the problem, the State Program "Environmental Protection of the Nizhny Novgorod Region" is being implemented in the region, the structure of which includes the subprogram "Development of the water management complex of the Nizhny Novgorod Region", aimed at restoring water bodies and ensuring the protection of the population and economic facilities from floods and other negative effects of water. As part of the development of this subprogram, a study of water bodies was conducted on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The research results indicate that water bodies are unevenly distributed on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Water bodies experience the greatest anthropogenic impact from housing and communal services, industry, which is most typical for large cities (Nizhny Novgorod, Kstovo, Arzamas). Small water bodies are polluted mainly as a result of agricultural and recreational activities. The proposed approach to the protection of water resources of both large and small water bodies, which provides for a set of measures to improve the efficiency of their use, protect them from pollution and depletion, eliminate accumulated environmental damage, preserve and restore the biological diversity of aquatic ecosystems, is a factor in preserving ecological balance and improving the quality of life of the population.
{"title":"WATER BODIES OF THE NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION: CLASSIFICATION, PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION","authors":"Y. Sizova, A. N. Smirnov, E. E. Borisova, M. V. Shuvarin","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-3-303-315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-3-303-315","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of the water bodies of the Nizhny Novgorod region and the main approaches to solving the problem of protection and environmental rehabilitation of small water bodies in the region. Water is a valuable natural resource that is of great importance in industrial and agricultural production, therefore, the protection of water resources and ensuring their environmental safety are among the most important problems facing humanity. Currently, there is increasing attention to small rivers, whose ecosystems are changing and degrading under the influence of anthropogenic activities. The Nizhny Novgorod Region is one of the most water-rich regions of Russia. There are more than 10,000 water bodies of natural and artificial origin, a significant part of them belong to small water bodies, many of which are practically not studied. Currently, special attention is paid to the problems of pollution of such water bodies as small rivers. In terms of the volume of polluted and insufficiently treated wastewater, the Nizhny Novgorod Region ranks first among the regions of the federal district. In order to solve the problem, the State Program \"Environmental Protection of the Nizhny Novgorod Region\" is being implemented in the region, the structure of which includes the subprogram \"Development of the water management complex of the Nizhny Novgorod Region\", aimed at restoring water bodies and ensuring the protection of the population and economic facilities from floods and other negative effects of water. As part of the development of this subprogram, a study of water bodies was conducted on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The research results indicate that water bodies are unevenly distributed on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Water bodies experience the greatest anthropogenic impact from housing and communal services, industry, which is most typical for large cities (Nizhny Novgorod, Kstovo, Arzamas). Small water bodies are polluted mainly as a result of agricultural and recreational activities. The proposed approach to the protection of water resources of both large and small water bodies, which provides for a set of measures to improve the efficiency of their use, protect them from pollution and depletion, eliminate accumulated environmental damage, preserve and restore the biological diversity of aquatic ecosystems, is a factor in preserving ecological balance and improving the quality of life of the population.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86938392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-559-572
L. Zhuravleva, A. Aldiab
The traditional system of agricultural production meets the needs less and less, forcing us to look for new ways and solutions. The Urban Farming movement is gaining more and more popularity around the world in its various manifestations and scales. From the device of farms for growing agricultural crops in urban conditions to small plants for growing flowers and herbs at home or in the office. In both cases, an important advantage is the automation and robotization of the process of growing plants, reducing the complexity of maintenance and minimal human participation. The article discusses the innovative directions of the development of city farming. The development of an installation for growing agricultural crops at home with a control system that provides automatic maintenance of optimal microclimate parameters on the Arduino platform is presented. The control system provides measurement of illumination, temperature and humidity of the air, as well as measures soil moisture and water level in the tank using sensors. A mathematical model is given for optimizing the parameters of the microclimate based on the physical processes of body and mass transfer. Expressions are given for determining the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide content in the installation. The conducted studies have shown the efficiency and effectiveness of the experimental installation. The use of robotic mini-greenhouses and installations for growing agricultural crops at home allows you to get fresh vegetables, berries and herbs all year round in an apartment or office, automating and reducing the complexity of the growing process.
{"title":"ROBOTIC MINI-GREENHOUSES AND INSTALLATIONS FOR GROWING AGRICULTURAL CROPS AT HOME","authors":"L. Zhuravleva, A. Aldiab","doi":"10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-559-572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2021-16-5-559-572","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional system of agricultural production meets the needs less and less, forcing us to look for new ways and solutions. The Urban Farming movement is gaining more and more popularity around the world in its various manifestations and scales. From the device of farms for growing agricultural crops in urban conditions to small plants for growing flowers and herbs at home or in the office. In both cases, an important advantage is the automation and robotization of the process of growing plants, reducing the complexity of maintenance and minimal human participation. The article discusses the innovative directions of the development of city farming. The development of an installation for growing agricultural crops at home with a control system that provides automatic maintenance of optimal microclimate parameters on the Arduino platform is presented. The control system provides measurement of illumination, temperature and humidity of the air, as well as measures soil moisture and water level in the tank using sensors. A mathematical model is given for optimizing the parameters of the microclimate based on the physical processes of body and mass transfer. Expressions are given for determining the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide content in the installation. The conducted studies have shown the efficiency and effectiveness of the experimental installation. The use of robotic mini-greenhouses and installations for growing agricultural crops at home allows you to get fresh vegetables, berries and herbs all year round in an apartment or office, automating and reducing the complexity of the growing process.","PeriodicalId":14015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80198092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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