{"title":"Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Simvastatin on Human Dental Pulp Cells","authors":"Kanwal Maheshwari, Vijay Maheshwari, Laisheng Chou","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231205.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231205.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135149113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231204.12
Louis Ahouet, Sylvain Ndinga Okina, Adolphe Ekouya
The geotechnical properties (grain size, Atterberg limits, compressive strength, CBR, linear swelling, static modulus, hydraulic conductivity, SSA, CEC, activity) of the cubitermes sp termite mound soil were determined. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with EDS and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry were used. The results show that the soil is composed of kaolinite, illite, chlorite and intermediate layers of rutile-quartz-hematite. Although the sand content of the soil is less than the minimum of 30% and the compressive strength is CS (3.89 MPa), termite mound soil can be used to make adobe bricks or compressed earth bricks. Termite mound soil is very consistent and impermeable, making it ideal for earthworks. Despite its CBR (33%), the soil contains 7.2% organic matter, well above the 2.5% standard for use as a pavement sub base layer. The soil has an Ac activity (0.603) and a 75% fines content, so lime would be better suited to this soil than cement in the process of improving mechanical properties. X-ray fluorescence analysis shows that the major elements are alumina and silica, which make up the soil's skeleton. The presence of alumina in the soil causes it to swell, which may limit its use in road construction. The presence of Al, Mg and Fe proves the respective existence of aluminum, magnesium and iron oxides in the soil. Titanium present in the soil in oxide form (TiO2).
{"title":"Geochemical, Geotechnical, Mineralogical and Microstructural Properties of the Cubitermes Sp Termite Mound Soil for Its Use in Construction","authors":"Louis Ahouet, Sylvain Ndinga Okina, Adolphe Ekouya","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231204.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231204.12","url":null,"abstract":"The geotechnical properties (grain size, Atterberg limits, compressive strength, CBR, linear swelling, static modulus, hydraulic conductivity, SSA, CEC, activity) of the cubitermes sp termite mound soil were determined. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with EDS and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry were used. The results show that the soil is composed of kaolinite, illite, chlorite and intermediate layers of rutile-quartz-hematite. Although the sand content of the soil is less than the minimum of 30% and the compressive strength is CS (3.89 MPa), termite mound soil can be used to make adobe bricks or compressed earth bricks. Termite mound soil is very consistent and impermeable, making it ideal for earthworks. Despite its CBR (33%), the soil contains 7.2% organic matter, well above the 2.5% standard for use as a pavement sub base layer. The soil has an Ac activity (0.603) and a 75% fines content, so lime would be better suited to this soil than cement in the process of improving mechanical properties. X-ray fluorescence analysis shows that the major elements are alumina and silica, which make up the soil's skeleton. The presence of alumina in the soil causes it to swell, which may limit its use in road construction. The presence of Al, Mg and Fe proves the respective existence of aluminum, magnesium and iron oxides in the soil. Titanium present in the soil in oxide form (TiO<sub>2</sub>).","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231204.11
Doumbia Ahmed, Assanvo Edja F.
In our previous studies, we developed a composite based on cassava starch. However, it is observed, like all starchy materials, that it is very hydrophilic and its behavior depends on its water content. This is explained by the attachment of water molecules to the hydroxyl groups of starch via hydrogen bonds. The barrier to water absorption has been reinforced by the incorporation of natural hydraulic lime of the NHL-3.5 type. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of the water behavior of starch-based composite films. Here, it is the study of the diffusion and absorption of water vapor in a biofilm made of cassava starch reinforced with coconut fibers. To do this, we carried out tests on the sample which made it possible to obtain measurements concerning the hydric behavior of the material. Two approaches were used to evaluate these phenomena under well-defined conditions. The two methods contribute to the same result for the hydric behavior of the composite. The value of the diffusion coefficient obtained is 0.723.10-3 mm2/d. The results obtained are convergent and consistent with those obtained in the literature.
{"title":"Contribution to the Study of the Water Behavior of Starch-Based Composite Films","authors":"Doumbia Ahmed, Assanvo Edja F.","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231204.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231204.11","url":null,"abstract":"In our previous studies, we developed a composite based on cassava starch. However, it is observed, like all starchy materials, that it is very hydrophilic and its behavior depends on its water content. This is explained by the attachment of water molecules to the hydroxyl groups of starch via hydrogen bonds. The barrier to water absorption has been reinforced by the incorporation of natural hydraulic lime of the NHL-3.5 type. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of the water behavior of starch-based composite films. Here, it is the study of the diffusion and absorption of water vapor in a biofilm made of cassava starch reinforced with coconut fibers. To do this, we carried out tests on the sample which made it possible to obtain measurements concerning the hydric behavior of the material. Two approaches were used to evaluate these phenomena under well-defined conditions. The two methods contribute to the same result for the hydric behavior of the composite. The value of the diffusion coefficient obtained is 0.723.10-3 mm2/d. The results obtained are convergent and consistent with those obtained in the literature.","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136363839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231203.12
Deshui Yu, Yan Zhang, Jianping Zhou, Daqian Sun, Hongmei Li
: The connection of ceramics and metals together can combine the high wear resistance and corrosion resistance of ceramics and the ductility and toughness of metals to form structural parts with metallic and non-metallic properties, and the practical application value of ceramic/metal composite structural parts is much greater than that of ceramics or metals as individual materials. Due to the large difference between the coefficient of thermal expansion of ceramics and metals, the residual thermal stresses generated during the connection will damage the integrity of the joint
{"title":"Research on Ceramic/Steel Connection Using a Single Interlayer Method","authors":"Deshui Yu, Yan Zhang, Jianping Zhou, Daqian Sun, Hongmei Li","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231203.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231203.12","url":null,"abstract":": The connection of ceramics and metals together can combine the high wear resistance and corrosion resistance of ceramics and the ductility and toughness of metals to form structural parts with metallic and non-metallic properties, and the practical application value of ceramic/metal composite structural parts is much greater than that of ceramics or metals as individual materials. Due to the large difference between the coefficient of thermal expansion of ceramics and metals, the residual thermal stresses generated during the connection will damage the integrity of the joint","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90315387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231203.11
Deshui Yu, Yan Zhang, Jianping Zhou, Daqian Sun, Hongmei Li
{"title":"Research on Ceramic/Steel Connection Using the Composite Brazing Method","authors":"Deshui Yu, Yan Zhang, Jianping Zhou, Daqian Sun, Hongmei Li","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231203.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231203.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84215306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-21DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231202.12
K. Maheshwari, L. Chou
{"title":"Cytotoxic Effects of Simvastatin on Normal Human Osteoblasts","authors":"K. Maheshwari, L. Chou","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231202.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231202.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84936757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.21
Mohamed I. A. Othman, Samia M. Said, Mohamed G. Eldemerdash
In this work, a novel nonlocal model on a poro-thermoelastic solid with temperature-dependent properties is presented. To solve this problem, the thermo-elasticity theory with three-phase-lag model (3PHL) is proposed. The modulus of the elasticity is given as a linear function of the reference temperature. The analytical expressions of the displacement components, the stresses, and the temperature are obtained by normal mode analysis. The main physical fields are displayed graphically and theoretically discussed under the influence of the nonlocal parameter and temperature-dependent properties.
{"title":"The Effect of Nonlocal on Poro-thermoelastic Solid with Dependent Properties on Refrence Temperature via the Three-phase-lag Model","authors":"Mohamed I. A. Othman, Samia M. Said, Mohamed G. Eldemerdash","doi":"10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a novel nonlocal model on a poro-thermoelastic solid with temperature-dependent properties is presented. To solve this problem, the thermo-elasticity theory with three-phase-lag model (3PHL) is proposed. The modulus of the elasticity is given as a linear function of the reference temperature. The analytical expressions of the displacement components, the stresses, and the temperature are obtained by normal mode analysis. The main physical fields are displayed graphically and theoretically discussed under the influence of the nonlocal parameter and temperature-dependent properties.","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134959863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.1
Abanti Nag, Venu Ks, H. Singh
The effect of non-magnetic oxides such as Al2O3, TiO2 and ZnO on the microwave absorption properties of magnetoplumbite barium hexaferrite (BaFe11.8Co0.2O19) is analyzed. Barium hexaferrite nanoparticles are synthesized through the sol-gel auto-combustion method. BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3, BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO composites are synthesized in a 1:1 ratio through mechanical mixing and heat treatment. The epoxy composites are fabricated with 50% loading of BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3, BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO in epoxy matrix followed by room temperature curing. The powder XRD analyses showed homogeneous distribution of BaFe11.8Co0.2O19 and Al2O3 in BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composite while TiO2 and ZnO phases dominate in BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO composites, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy shows the evenly distributed BaFe11.8Co0.2O19 and Al2O3 in BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composites. The electromagnetic characterization calculated from experimental permittivity and permeability shows reflection loss RL ≤ -10 dB (≥ 90% absorption) for a very small thickness of 0.5 mm over the entire X-band (8-12 GHz) for BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composites. BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO show RL < - 8 dB with a thickness of 2.5 mm over the frequency range 8–9.7 GHz and RL < - 8 dB with a thickness of 3.6 mm over 8.7-11.1 GHz, respectively. Further, when compared with BaFe11.8Co0.2O19 alone (RL < -7 dB at 3.2 mm in 8-11 GHz), the BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composite is superior both in terms of the thickness of the coating as well as the percentage absorption in the X-band.
{"title":"Enhancement of Microwave Absorption Properties of Hexaferrite/Epoxy Composites on the Addition of Non-magnetic Oxides","authors":"Abanti Nag, Venu Ks, H. Singh","doi":"10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of non-magnetic oxides such as Al2O3, TiO2 and ZnO on the microwave absorption properties of magnetoplumbite barium hexaferrite (BaFe11.8Co0.2O19) is analyzed. Barium hexaferrite nanoparticles are synthesized through the sol-gel auto-combustion method. BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3, BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO composites are synthesized in a 1:1 ratio through mechanical mixing and heat treatment. The epoxy composites are fabricated with 50% loading of BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3, BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO in epoxy matrix followed by room temperature curing. The powder XRD analyses showed homogeneous distribution of BaFe11.8Co0.2O19 and Al2O3 in BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composite while TiO2 and ZnO phases dominate in BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO composites, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy shows the evenly distributed BaFe11.8Co0.2O19 and Al2O3 in BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composites. The electromagnetic characterization calculated from experimental permittivity and permeability shows reflection loss RL ≤ -10 dB (≥ 90% absorption) for a very small thickness of 0.5 mm over the entire X-band (8-12 GHz) for BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composites. BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-TiO2 and BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-ZnO show RL < - 8 dB with a thickness of 2.5 mm over the frequency range 8–9.7 GHz and RL < - 8 dB with a thickness of 3.6 mm over 8.7-11.1 GHz, respectively. Further, when compared with BaFe11.8Co0.2O19 alone (RL < -7 dB at 3.2 mm in 8-11 GHz), the BaFe11.8Co0.2O19-Al2O3 composite is superior both in terms of the thickness of the coating as well as the percentage absorption in the X-band.","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85922921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.11
Mamoru Takahashi, O. Kamiya
The flame combustion method enables the synthesis of diamonds via acetylene-oxygen gas flame combustion in ambient air. Tungsten carbide (WC) has recently been utilized as a cutting tool in the machining industry and in dental machining applications. To obtain high-quality diamond films and achieve good adhesion on a WC substrate, diamond films are synthesized on a WC substrate by the flame combustion method. However, the surface roughness of most of the diamond films synthesized by this method increased, and it was necessary to reduce this roughness. Considering the roughness accuracy of the workpiece surface during cutting, and the performance of the cutting tool, a smaller surface roughness of the diamond films synthesized is desirable. In this study, to reduce surface roughness, the amount of diamond paste with diamond seed particles as generation nuclei was carefully varied for diamond seed attachment processing of diamond films. When diamond films were synthesized on the WC substrate surface via the flame combustion, the amount of diamond paste with diamond seed particles affected the surface morphology and surface roughness of the synthesized diamond films. Furthermore, to investigate the reason for this result, generation of nuclei on the substrate in the initial stages of synthesis and diamond seed particles on the substrate surface after the seeding treatment were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The effect of diamond seed attachment processing on the diamond films synthesized by flame combustion was studied. The relationship between the surface roughness, number of diamond generation nuclei on the substrate in the initial stages of synthesis, number of diamond particles on the substrate after the diamond seeding process, and amount of diamond paste were confirmed.
{"title":"Influence of Diamond Seed Attachment Processing on Diamond Films Synthesized on Tungsten Carbide Substrate by Flame Combustion","authors":"Mamoru Takahashi, O. Kamiya","doi":"10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/jma.2023.12.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The flame combustion method enables the synthesis of diamonds via acetylene-oxygen gas flame combustion in ambient air. Tungsten carbide (WC) has recently been utilized as a cutting tool in the machining industry and in dental machining applications. To obtain high-quality diamond films and achieve good adhesion on a WC substrate, diamond films are synthesized on a WC substrate by the flame combustion method. However, the surface roughness of most of the diamond films synthesized by this method increased, and it was necessary to reduce this roughness. Considering the roughness accuracy of the workpiece surface during cutting, and the performance of the cutting tool, a smaller surface roughness of the diamond films synthesized is desirable. In this study, to reduce surface roughness, the amount of diamond paste with diamond seed particles as generation nuclei was carefully varied for diamond seed attachment processing of diamond films. When diamond films were synthesized on the WC substrate surface via the flame combustion, the amount of diamond paste with diamond seed particles affected the surface morphology and surface roughness of the synthesized diamond films. Furthermore, to investigate the reason for this result, generation of nuclei on the substrate in the initial stages of synthesis and diamond seed particles on the substrate surface after the seeding treatment were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The effect of diamond seed attachment processing on the diamond films synthesized by flame combustion was studied. The relationship between the surface roughness, number of diamond generation nuclei on the substrate in the initial stages of synthesis, number of diamond particles on the substrate after the diamond seeding process, and amount of diamond paste were confirmed.","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78065067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231202.11
S. Matveev
{"title":"Investigation of the Accuracy of the Height Dimensions of Forgings for Cold Volumetric Stamping Processes by the Computational and Analytical Method","authors":"S. Matveev","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231202.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20231202.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14116,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Materials Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79595556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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