Abdominal solid organs like liver, spleen and kidneys are one of the most vital organs of the human body. Liver is the second largest organ of human body with about 2 percent of body weight in adults. The spleen is the largest organ of the lymphatic system. Both the kidneys together represent 0.4 percent of the total body weight. They perform many of the vital functions involving excretion and detoxification, coagulation, immune function, absorption and storage of essential minerals and storage and filtration of blood. Injury to the liver, spleen and kidneys are one of the most common solid organ injuries in blunt trauma. The expected line of management includes initial diagnostics and resuscitation in the emergency room (including chest and pelvic X-ray, and bedside ultrasonography) followed by cross-sectional imaging (protocol-based trauma imaging with CT and contrast-enhanced multiphase protocols according to need). Initial resuscitation should be done in parallel with monitoring of vital signs with observation preferably in an ICU or high-dependency ward until definitive imaging and reporting has been completed and a management is planned. Treatment should be planned as per age, presence of co-morbidities, and changes in physiological status of the patient. Non-operative management should be preferred in patients of all ages irrespective of the grade of injury and in the absence of other abdominal injuries requiring interventions provided that the haemodynamic status is stable. Key words: Abdominal, solid, liver, spleen, kidney, injury, non-operative
肝脏、脾脏和肾脏等腹部实体器官是人体最重要的器官之一。肝脏是人体第二大器官，约占成人体重的 2%。脾脏是淋巴系统中最大的器官。两个肾脏共占人体总重量的 0.4%。它们发挥着许多重要功能，包括排泄和解毒、凝血、免疫功能、吸收和储存必需的矿物质以及储存和过滤血液。肝脏、脾脏和肾脏的损伤是钝性创伤中最常见的实体器官损伤之一。预期的处理方案包括在急诊室进行初步诊断和抢救（包括胸部和骨盆 X 光检查以及床旁超声波检查），然后进行横断面成像（根据需要使用 CT 和造影剂增强多相方案进行基于方案的创伤成像）。在进行初步复苏的同时，应监测生命体征，最好在重症监护室或重症监护病房进行观察，直到完成明确的成像和报告，并制定治疗计划。应根据患者的年龄、是否合并其他疾病以及生理状态的变化来制定治疗方案。所有年龄段的患者，无论损伤程度如何，如果没有其他需要干预的腹部损伤，只要血流动力学状态稳定，都应首选非手术治疗：腹部、实体、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、损伤、非手术治疗
{"title":"Experience of Conservative Management of Abdominal Solid Organ Blunt Trauma","authors":"Parilal Barman, Nilutpal Bhattacharjee, Prasenjit Baruah","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240818","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal solid organs like liver, spleen and kidneys are one of the most vital organs of the human body. Liver is the second largest organ of human body with about 2 percent of body weight in adults. The spleen is the largest organ of the lymphatic system. Both the kidneys together represent 0.4 percent of the total body weight. They perform many of the vital functions involving excretion and detoxification, coagulation, immune function, absorption and storage of essential minerals and storage and filtration of blood. Injury to the liver, spleen and kidneys are one of the most common solid organ injuries in blunt trauma. The expected line of management includes initial diagnostics and resuscitation in the emergency room (including chest and pelvic X-ray, and bedside ultrasonography) followed by cross-sectional imaging (protocol-based trauma imaging with CT and contrast-enhanced multiphase protocols according to need). Initial resuscitation should be done in parallel with monitoring of vital signs with observation preferably in an ICU or high-dependency ward until definitive imaging and reporting has been completed and a management is planned. Treatment should be planned as per age, presence of co-morbidities, and changes in physiological status of the patient. Non-operative management should be preferred in patients of all ages irrespective of the grade of injury and in the absence of other abdominal injuries requiring interventions provided that the haemodynamic status is stable.\u0000\u0000Key words: Abdominal, solid, liver, spleen, kidney, injury, non-operative","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical role of household hygiene in preventing infectious diseases. This study investigates the prevalence and characterization of bacteria in kitchen environments, focusing on the effectiveness of 70% ethanol disinfection. Samples were collected from five areas in the kitchens of 10 households both pre- and post-disinfection. Detailed microbial analysis revealed significant reductions in colony counts post-disinfection. A total of five bacterial pathogens viz. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., and Enterobacter were identified across kitchen area types. Each kitchen area contained at least one contaminated surface. The total number of bacterial pathogens in pre-disinfected kitchen areas was significantly higher as compared to the post-disinfected regions with 70% alcohol highlighting the need for regular and effective disinfection practices to minimize health risks associated with household microbial contamination. Results suggest that low-income consumers may be at risk of foodborne pathogen exposure from contaminated home kitchen surfaces and that regular disinfection with 70% ethanol effectively reduces microbial contamination in household kitchens. Key words: microbial contamination, household disinfection, ethanol efficacy, kitchen hygiene, public health
{"title":"Isolation And Characterization of Kitchen Microbiome in Jaipur District","authors":"Mudit Sharma, Umema Ahmed, SS Daga","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240748","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical role of household hygiene in preventing infectious diseases. This study investigates the prevalence and characterization of bacteria in kitchen environments, focusing on the effectiveness of 70% ethanol disinfection. Samples were collected from five areas in the kitchens of 10 households both pre- and post-disinfection. Detailed microbial analysis revealed significant reductions in colony counts post-disinfection. A total of five bacterial pathogens viz. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., and Enterobacter were identified across kitchen area types. Each kitchen area contained at least one contaminated surface. The total number of bacterial pathogens in pre-disinfected kitchen areas was significantly higher as compared to the post-disinfected regions with 70% alcohol highlighting the need for regular and effective disinfection practices to minimize health risks associated with household microbial contamination. Results suggest that low-income consumers may be at risk of foodborne pathogen exposure from contaminated home kitchen surfaces and that regular disinfection with 70% ethanol effectively reduces microbial contamination in household kitchens.\u0000\u0000Key words: microbial contamination, household disinfection, ethanol efficacy, kitchen hygiene, public health","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Enuresis is a health issue suffered in childhood. This problem is common and difficult to cure for 10-15% of the 5 years old children in their growing stage. Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (PNE) is commonest type of all other types of enuresis. The parents and family of children with enuresis suffers emotional trauma and anxiety as a part of adverse effect of the condition. Genetic, Obstructive sleep Apnea and detrusor muscle inactivity are the common associated factors of PNE. Urodynamic studies are the most evaluative method to check bladder functions for child enuresis or incontinence. There is a lack in uroflowmetry and surface electromyography values for effective diagnosis of PNE. Objectives: The present study focuses on to find out the score of uroflowmetry and surface electromyography in Paediatric Primary Nocturnal Enuresis. Methods: A cross-sectional Design was done on 21 Participants from the children of 5-15 years, of both genders and educational levels. The uroflowmetry and Surface Electromyography was performed to subjects who diagnosed as children with PNE by Paediatrician and who want to participate in the study. Results: The uroflowmetry records of 21 Enuretic children shows that the mean value of voiding volume is 158.28± 53.41ml/sec and mean of Average flowrate is 10.36± 2.62ml/sec. The surface electromyography shows that the highest maximum voluntary activity (MVA) of perianal muscle is 513µv and the lowest value is 111µv. Conclusion: This small cross-sectional study, which expands the scant existing literature on uroflow parameters and Surface electromyography (sEMG) in Enuretic children, will hopefully promote wider application of uroflowmetry testing and surface EMG of pelvic muscles in the paediatric population having PNE. Key words: Primary Nocturnal Enuresis, Uroflowmetry, Surface Electromyography, Voiding volume, Pelvic floor muscles
{"title":"Assessment of Bladder Capacity and Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength in Children with Primary Nocturnal Enuresis","authors":"Vidhi Shah, Tushar J. Palekar","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240751","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Enuresis is a health issue suffered in childhood. This problem is common and difficult to cure for 10-15% of the 5 years old children in their growing stage. Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (PNE) is commonest type of all other types of enuresis. The parents and family of children with enuresis suffers emotional trauma and anxiety as a part of adverse effect of the condition. Genetic, Obstructive sleep Apnea and detrusor muscle inactivity are the common associated factors of PNE. Urodynamic studies are the most evaluative method to check bladder functions for child enuresis or incontinence. There is a lack in uroflowmetry and surface electromyography values for effective diagnosis of PNE.\u0000Objectives: The present study focuses on to find out the score of uroflowmetry and surface electromyography in Paediatric Primary Nocturnal Enuresis.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional Design was done on 21 Participants from the children of 5-15 years, of both genders and educational levels. The uroflowmetry and Surface Electromyography was performed to subjects who diagnosed as children with PNE by Paediatrician and who want to participate in the study.\u0000Results: The uroflowmetry records of 21 Enuretic children shows that the mean value of voiding volume is 158.28± 53.41ml/sec and mean of Average flowrate is 10.36± 2.62ml/sec. The surface electromyography shows that the highest maximum voluntary activity (MVA) of perianal muscle is 513µv and the lowest value is 111µv.\u0000Conclusion: This small cross-sectional study, which expands the scant existing literature on uroflow parameters and Surface electromyography (sEMG) in Enuretic children, will hopefully promote wider application of uroflowmetry testing and surface EMG of pelvic muscles in the paediatric population having PNE.\u0000\u0000Key words: Primary Nocturnal Enuresis, Uroflowmetry, Surface Electromyography, Voiding volume, Pelvic floor muscles","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"43 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION: Stethoscopes can be a potential source for transmission of infection among patients as it is most commonly used device by all health professionals. This study was conducted in a rural based tertiary care hospital to determine the growth of different types of pathogens from diaphragms of stethoscopes used by health care professionals and whether decontamination by 70% isopropyl alcohol will be effective in reducing bacterial load. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: AIM: To detect presence of microorganisms on the diaphragm of stethoscope used by Health care workers. OBJECTIVES: 1) To identify the types of organisms, present on stethoscopes. 2) To determine the effectiveness of 70% isopropyl alcohol as a disinfectant. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty stethoscopes of health care professionals of different departments were used for microbiological sampling. Further, the diaphragms of all the stethoscopes were cleaned with 70% isopropyl alcohol and were resampled to detect the effectiveness of 70% isopropyl alcohol as a disinfectant. Antibiotic sensitivity testing of pathogenic bacteria was carried out. RESULTS: Out of randomly selected 50 stethoscopes from different clinical departments 35 stethoscopes (70%) showed significant bacterial growth. Out of the different organisms isolated, Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) 11 (22%) were predominantly found. On cleaning with 70% isopropyl alcohol, there was a significant decrease in the colonization of organisms. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstrated that stethoscopes are colonized with pathogenic bacteria and use of 70% isopropyl alcohol can significantly reduce contamination and thus should be adopted as a regular practice. Key words: Stethoscope,70% isopropyl alcohol, MRSA
{"title":"Bacterial Colonization of Stethoscope used by Health Care Professionals at a Rural-Based Tertiary Care Hospital and Effective Measures for Its Disinfection","authors":"Nidhi Bhalodia, Sara Arora, Tanuja Javadekar","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240740","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Stethoscopes can be a potential source for transmission of infection among patients as it is most commonly used device by all health professionals. This study was conducted in a rural based tertiary care hospital to determine the growth of different types of pathogens from diaphragms of stethoscopes used by health care professionals and whether decontamination by 70% isopropyl alcohol will be effective in reducing bacterial load.\u0000AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:\u0000AIM: To detect presence of microorganisms on the diaphragm of stethoscope used by Health care workers.\u0000OBJECTIVES:\u00001) To identify the types of organisms, present on stethoscopes.\u00002) To determine the effectiveness of 70% isopropyl alcohol as a disinfectant.\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty stethoscopes of health care professionals of different departments were used for microbiological sampling. Further, the diaphragms of all the stethoscopes were cleaned with 70% isopropyl alcohol and were resampled to detect the effectiveness of 70% isopropyl alcohol as a disinfectant. Antibiotic sensitivity testing of pathogenic bacteria was carried out.\u0000RESULTS: Out of randomly selected 50 stethoscopes from different clinical departments 35 stethoscopes (70%) showed significant bacterial growth. Out of the different organisms isolated, Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) 11 (22%) were predominantly found.\u0000On cleaning with 70% isopropyl alcohol, there was a significant decrease in the colonization of organisms.\u0000CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstrated that stethoscopes are colonized with pathogenic bacteria and use of 70% isopropyl alcohol can significantly reduce contamination and thus should be adopted as a regular practice.\u0000\u0000Key words: Stethoscope,70% isopropyl alcohol, MRSA","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Infancy is a critical stage marked by rapid physical and cognitive changes. Development involves the emergence of new abilities and capacities, progressing through stages of maturity. Caregivers' understanding of growth and development aids in anticipating and addressing children's needs, detecting deviations from the norm, and facilitating early intervention for developmental issues. Therefore, present study aimed to assess impact of an information booklet on infant growth and development among parents. Method: This study utilized a quantitative, pre-experimental design to gauge the impact of an information booklet on infant growth and development among parents in Bedwas, Udaipur. The sample comprised 60 parents of children under five from the selected rural area, chosen via non-probability purposive sampling. Data collection involved socio-demographic information and a structured knowledge questionnaire, with analysis conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The pre-test showed that 56.7% had poor knowledge, while 43.3% had average knowledge. In the post-test, 68.3% demonstrated good knowledge, while 31.7% had average knowledge. Mean pre-test knowledge score was 11.20±2.98, and mean post-test score was 21.52±2.50, with a significant mean difference of 10.32 (t=21.29, df=59, p=0.001). The information booklet effectively improved knowledge on infant growth and development. Demographic variables did not show significant associations with knowledge levels among parents. Conclusion: The study concluded that the information booklet effectively enhanced parents' knowledge on infant growth and development. Understanding these changes prepares caregivers to actively guide early learning, crucial for later development. The findings emphasize the importance of educating mothers on nutrition and infant growth. Implementing educational programs can further enhance mothers' understanding of nutrition's role in infant development. Key words: Knowledge, Parents, Infants, developmental milestone, Information Booklet
{"title":"A Pre-Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge Regarding Growth and Development of Infants Among Parents at Selected Rural Area, Udaipur, Rajasthan","authors":"Sonika Pujari, Jitendra Pujar, Harish K. Kumawat","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240745","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infancy is a critical stage marked by rapid physical and cognitive changes. Development involves the emergence of new abilities and capacities, progressing through stages of maturity. Caregivers' understanding of growth and development aids in anticipating and addressing children's needs, detecting deviations from the norm, and facilitating early intervention for developmental issues. Therefore, present study aimed to assess impact of an information booklet on infant growth and development among parents.\u0000Method: This study utilized a quantitative, pre-experimental design to gauge the impact of an information booklet on infant growth and development among parents in Bedwas, Udaipur. The sample comprised 60 parents of children under five from the selected rural area, chosen via non-probability purposive sampling. Data collection involved socio-demographic information and a structured knowledge questionnaire, with analysis conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics.\u0000Results: The pre-test showed that 56.7% had poor knowledge, while 43.3% had average knowledge. In the post-test, 68.3% demonstrated good knowledge, while 31.7% had average knowledge. Mean pre-test knowledge score was 11.20±2.98, and mean post-test score was 21.52±2.50, with a significant mean difference of 10.32 (t=21.29, df=59, p=0.001). The information booklet effectively improved knowledge on infant growth and development. Demographic variables did not show significant associations with knowledge levels among parents.\u0000Conclusion: The study concluded that the information booklet effectively enhanced parents' knowledge on infant growth and development. Understanding these changes prepares caregivers to actively guide early learning, crucial for later development. The findings emphasize the importance of educating mothers on nutrition and infant growth. Implementing educational programs can further enhance mothers' understanding of nutrition's role in infant development.\u0000\u0000Key words: Knowledge, Parents, Infants, developmental milestone, Information Booklet","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Electronic health record (EHR) systems have evolved significantly since their introduction in the early 1960s, replacing traditional paper-based medical records with computerized storage of patient health information. The adoption of EHR systems has expanded across various healthcare settings due to advancements in technology, necessitating systems that offer diverse functionalities and seamless integration capabilities. As healthcare technology continues to progress, EHR systems must adapt by incorporating additional features such as predictive algorithms and clinical decision support. However, the widespread use of EHR systems has also led to challenges in interoperability, prompting the development of standards. Methodology: This scoping review uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist to systematically search and select relevant literature from PubMed. A research inquiry included full-text studies published in 2023, utilizing keywords "electronic health record system," "quality care," "patient safety," "clinical outcomes," and "hospital." Initial screening involved reviewing abstracts and titles, followed by a full-text review of 5 selected articles. Three articles that met eligibility criteria were synthesized to explore the impact of EHR systems on healthcare delivery. Conclusion: This study draws conclusions based on the evidence synthesized, which highlights the critical role of standardized EHR systems in improving hospital patient outcomes through enhanced safety, care coordination, and data quality. The integration of advanced functionalities like clinical decision support systems, SNOMED CT, and closed-loop electronic medication management systems has demonstrated significant benefits in reducing errors, streamlining workflows, and supporting informed decision-making. Despite these advancements, challenges such as scalability, alert fatigue, and implementation costs persist, requiring ongoing collaboration among stakeholders and continuous research efforts. Future research on harnessing the capabilities of artificial intelligence and machine learning to further enhance EHR systems and address remaining barriers can ultimately optimize patient care and safety in hospital setting. Key words: electronic health record, information system, information technology management
背景：电子健康记录（EHR）系统自 20 世纪 60 年代初问世以来，以计算机存储病人健康信息的方式取代了传统的纸质医疗记录，并取得了长足的发展。由于技术的进步，电子病历系统的应用范围已扩展到各种医疗机构，这就要求系统具有多种功能和无缝集成能力。随着医疗保健技术的不断进步，电子病历系统必须通过整合更多功能（如预测算法和临床决策支持）来进行调整。然而，电子病历系统的广泛使用也带来了互操作性方面的挑战，促使标准的制定：本范围界定综述使用《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews）核对表，从 PubMed 上系统地搜索和筛选相关文献。研究调查包括 2023 年发表的全文研究，关键词为 "电子健康记录系统"、"优质护理"、"患者安全"、"临床结果 "和 "医院"。初步筛选包括审阅摘要和标题，然后对所选的 5 篇文章进行全文审阅。对符合资格标准的三篇文章进行了综合，以探讨电子病历系统对医疗服务的影响：本研究根据综合的证据得出结论，强调了标准化电子病历系统在通过提高安全性、护理协调性和数据质量来改善医院病人治疗效果方面的关键作用。临床决策支持系统、SNOMED CT 和闭环电子用药管理系统等先进功能的集成在减少错误、简化工作流程和支持知情决策方面已取得显著成效。尽管取得了这些进步，但可扩展性、警报疲劳和实施成本等挑战依然存在，需要利益相关者之间的持续合作和不断的研究努力。未来的研究将利用人工智能和机器学习的能力，进一步增强电子病历系统并解决剩余的障碍，最终优化医院环境中的患者护理和安全。 关键词：电子病历；信息系统；信息技术管理
{"title":"A Scoping Review on the Impacts of Electronic Health Record Systems on Healthcare Delivery","authors":"Anthony Vincent Razzano","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240737","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Electronic health record (EHR) systems have evolved significantly since their introduction in the early 1960s, replacing traditional paper-based medical records with computerized storage of patient health information. The adoption of EHR systems has expanded across various healthcare settings due to advancements in technology, necessitating systems that offer diverse functionalities and seamless integration capabilities. As healthcare technology continues to progress, EHR systems must adapt by incorporating additional features such as predictive algorithms and clinical decision support. However, the widespread use of EHR systems has also led to challenges in interoperability, prompting the development of standards.\u0000Methodology: This scoping review uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist to systematically search and select relevant literature from PubMed. A research inquiry included full-text studies published in 2023, utilizing keywords \"electronic health record system,\" \"quality care,\" \"patient safety,\" \"clinical outcomes,\" and \"hospital.\" Initial screening involved reviewing abstracts and titles, followed by a full-text review of 5 selected articles. Three articles that met eligibility criteria were synthesized to explore the impact of EHR systems on healthcare delivery.\u0000Conclusion: This study draws conclusions based on the evidence synthesized, which highlights the critical role of standardized EHR systems in improving hospital patient outcomes through enhanced safety, care coordination, and data quality. The integration of advanced functionalities like clinical decision support systems, SNOMED CT, and closed-loop electronic medication management systems has demonstrated significant benefits in reducing errors, streamlining workflows, and supporting informed decision-making. Despite these advancements, challenges such as scalability, alert fatigue, and implementation costs persist, requiring ongoing collaboration among stakeholders and continuous research efforts. Future research on harnessing the capabilities of artificial intelligence and machine learning to further enhance EHR systems and address remaining barriers can ultimately optimize patient care and safety in hospital setting.\u0000\u0000Key words: electronic health record, information system, information technology management","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aim: Forward Head Posture (FHP) causes the diaphragm to lose its ability to expand and ventilate, decreasing lung functioning which results in decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). This study aimed to determine the effects of breathing exercises in adults with FHP and to find out the co-relationship between PEFR and cranio-vertebral angle (CVA). Method: An experimental study with 30 subjects aged between 18 to 50 years were included. The subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group was instructed to perform breathing exercises and posture correction exercises five days a week for four weeks, whereas the control group was asked to perform only posture correction exercises. Craniovertebral Angle and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values were measured before and after the intervention in both groups. Results: Within- and between-group changes in CVA and PEFR were observed in both the experimental and control groups. The peak expiratory flow rate showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p = 0.042), and the craniovertebral angle measurements were also highly significant among both groups (p = 0.000). Conclusion: This study concluded that the inclusion of the breathing exercise program along with posture correction exercises is more effective than posture correction exercise alone in people with forward head posture. Key words: forward head posture, breathing exercises, posture correction exercises, peak expiratory flow, CVA craniovertebral angle
{"title":"Effectiveness of Breathing Exercise and Posture Correction Exercise in Improving Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Adults with Forward Head Posture: \u0000A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Priyanka Parida, Aparna Pattnaik, Swati Parija","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240739","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: Forward Head Posture (FHP) causes the diaphragm to lose its ability to expand and ventilate, decreasing lung functioning which results in decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). This study aimed to determine the effects of breathing exercises in adults with FHP and to find out the co-relationship between PEFR and cranio-vertebral angle (CVA).\u0000Method: An experimental study with 30 subjects aged between 18 to 50 years were included. The subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group was instructed to perform breathing exercises and posture correction exercises five days a week for four weeks, whereas the control group was asked to perform only posture correction exercises. Craniovertebral Angle and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values were measured before and after the intervention in both groups.\u0000Results: Within- and between-group changes in CVA and PEFR were observed in both the experimental and control groups. The peak expiratory flow rate showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p = 0.042), and the craniovertebral angle measurements were also highly significant among both groups (p = 0.000).\u0000Conclusion: This study concluded that the inclusion of the breathing exercise program along with posture correction exercises is more effective than posture correction exercise alone in people with forward head posture.\u0000\u0000Key words: forward head posture, breathing exercises, posture correction exercises, peak expiratory flow, CVA craniovertebral angle","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"57 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: De Quevain’s disease (DD) is a Stenosing tenovaginitis involving the abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) within the first extensor compartment of the wrist. Despite great interest in the condition, the aetiology and pathology of this interesting disease remain unclear. Tenolysis is the surgical treatment in the majority of patients following 4 to 6 weeks of non-operative treatment trial. The study aims to report the outcome of both conservative and operative treatment of 52 patients in the study. Materials and method: This is a retrospective study of 52 patients that was conducted at Orthopaedic Hospital Wamakko, Sokoto, Nigeria, from May 2015 to September 2021. Patients with de Quervain’s disease were first treated conservatively either on oral analgesics alone or in combination with physiotherapy, steroid injection, or both for 4 to 6-week period before tenolysis was considered. Results: The average follow-up period was 3.2 years (range 2.4 to 6.2). The average age of presentation was 31years (range 20 to 67years). There were 16(31%) males and 36(69%) females. Majority of patients were housewives (21/40%) and falls within the age range of 20-40 years with 31(61%) patients. The affected side was 28(54%) on the left and 2(46%) on the right; 31(69%) were idiopathic, 8(15%) were associated with diabetes mellitus, 5(6%) occupational, 3(6%) with a history of trauma, 3(6%) with rheumatoid arthritis, and 2(%) with pregnancy. Out of total of 52 patients in the study, 47 (90%) were operated and 5(10%) were completely treated by non-operative management. The short-term postoperative complications that resolved few weeks following treatments were wound infections (4), superficial radial nerve neuritis (2), and Hypertrophic scar (2). Conclusion: A more reliable long-term outcomes of treatment of patients with de Quervain’s disease is by tenolysis as the conservative treatment may fails after a 4 to 6 weeks period of trials. Key words: de Quervain’s disease, tenolysis, treatment outcome, first extensor compartment
{"title":"Treatment Outcomes of de Quervain’s Disease among 52 Patients with Average 3.2 Year Review","authors":"Altine Aliyu Nuradeen, Lukhman Olalekan Ajiboye","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240746","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: De Quevain’s disease (DD) is a Stenosing tenovaginitis involving the abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) within the first extensor compartment of the wrist. Despite great interest in the condition, the aetiology and pathology of this interesting disease remain unclear. Tenolysis is the surgical treatment in the majority of patients following 4 to 6 weeks of non-operative treatment trial. The study aims to report the outcome of both conservative and operative treatment of 52 patients in the study.\u0000Materials and method: This is a retrospective study of 52 patients that was conducted at Orthopaedic Hospital Wamakko, Sokoto, Nigeria, from May 2015 to September 2021. Patients with de Quervain’s disease were first treated conservatively either on oral analgesics alone or in combination with physiotherapy, steroid injection, or both for 4 to 6-week period before tenolysis was considered. \u0000Results: The average follow-up period was 3.2 years (range 2.4 to 6.2). The average age of presentation was 31years (range 20 to 67years). There were 16(31%) males and 36(69%) females. Majority of patients were housewives (21/40%) and falls within the age range of 20-40 years with 31(61%) patients. The affected side was 28(54%) on the left and 2(46%) on the right; 31(69%) were idiopathic, 8(15%) were associated with diabetes mellitus, 5(6%) occupational, 3(6%) with a history of trauma, 3(6%) with rheumatoid arthritis, and 2(%) with pregnancy. Out of total of 52 patients in the study, 47 (90%) were operated and 5(10%) were completely treated by non-operative management. The short-term postoperative complications that resolved few weeks following treatments were wound infections (4), superficial radial nerve neuritis (2), and Hypertrophic scar (2).\u0000Conclusion: A more reliable long-term outcomes of treatment of patients with de Quervain’s disease is by tenolysis as the conservative treatment may fails after a 4 to 6 weeks period of trials.\u0000\u0000Key words: de Quervain’s disease, tenolysis, treatment outcome, first extensor compartment","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Self-esteem has long been considered a vital component of good mental health. Self-esteem is each person's belief about his value and importance. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between academic achievement and self-esteem among secondary school going tribal students in Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India. The present study was carried out among 2200 secondary school going tribal students by using purposive sampling in Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India. The result shows that there was significant relationship between gender, tribe, academic achievement and self esteem. The study concluded that strategies to improve students’ self-esteem are essential in educational systems. Key words: Self-esteem, academic achievement, secondary school going tribal students,
{"title":"Relationship between Academic Achievement and Self-Esteem among Secondary School Going Tribal Students in Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"Padmini Sa, K.K.N. Sharma","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240749","url":null,"abstract":"Self-esteem has long been considered a vital component of good mental health. Self-esteem is each person's belief about his value and importance. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between academic achievement and self-esteem among secondary school going tribal students in Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India. The present study was carried out among 2200 secondary school going tribal students by using purposive sampling in Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India. The result shows that there was significant relationship between gender, tribe, academic achievement and self esteem. The study concluded that strategies to improve students’ self-esteem are essential in educational systems.\u0000\u0000Key words: Self-esteem, academic achievement, secondary school going tribal students,","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was aimed to develop and evaluate Dental Gel containing Melaleuca alternifolia oil as the chief constituent for the treatment of Dental Caries. It has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against a number of Dental Caries pathogens, hence it is selected for the treatment of Dental Caries. The gel is formulated by using carbopol 934 as gelling agent, Melaleuca alternifolia oil as medicinal agent, polyethylene glycol as co-solvent, methyl paraben as preservative, Glycerine as sweetening agent, and required quantity of distilled water as vehicle. The gel was evaluated for physical parameters like appearence, viscosity and it shown satisfactory results. The prepared gel was evaluated for various properties such as antimicrobial activity, pH, spreadability, extrudability, homogenecity, diffusion study, drug content etc. In-Vitro experiments demonstrated that the formulation F4 is an optimized and all results observed the pH 6.9, viscosity 45844, spreadability 3cm, homogenecity -Very Good, extrudability 95.2, drug content 97, diffusion Study 92.15, gel showed the zone of inhibition about 18 0.04mm. Key words: Melaleuca alternifolia oil, Carbopol 934, Diffusion Study, Zone of Inhibition.
{"title":"Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Dental Gel by Using Melaleuca alternifolia Oil","authors":"S. M. Shahidulla, Sameera Begum, Syed Atif","doi":"10.52403/ijhsr.20240736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240736","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed to develop and evaluate Dental Gel containing Melaleuca alternifolia oil as the chief constituent for the treatment of Dental Caries. It has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against a number of Dental Caries pathogens, hence it is selected for the treatment of Dental Caries. The gel is formulated by using carbopol 934 as gelling agent, Melaleuca alternifolia oil as medicinal agent, polyethylene glycol as co-solvent, methyl paraben as preservative, Glycerine as sweetening agent, and required quantity of distilled water as vehicle. The gel was evaluated for physical parameters like appearence, viscosity and it shown satisfactory results. The prepared gel was evaluated for various properties such as antimicrobial activity, pH, spreadability, extrudability, homogenecity, diffusion study, drug content etc. In-Vitro experiments demonstrated that the formulation F4 is an optimized and all results observed the pH 6.9, viscosity 45844, spreadability 3cm, homogenecity -Very Good, extrudability 95.2, drug content 97, diffusion Study 92.15, gel showed the zone of inhibition about 18 0.04mm.\u0000\u0000Key words: Melaleuca alternifolia oil, Carbopol 934, Diffusion Study, Zone of Inhibition.","PeriodicalId":14119,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences and Research","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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