Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07069202127082021
Chonrakarn Leeya
Background: The spread of pathogens rapidly affects all aspects of life. Although the medicine is more advanced, the epidemic situations still can occurred. This continues to increase and is a major public health problem. Therefore, public health maintenance behavior has the effect of inhibiting the spread of pathogens. Breaking the chain of pathogen spread can reduce the spread of bacterial infections and the severity of the epidemic. Objectives: This study aimed to assess community knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior toward pathogen spreading among high school students in Chonburi, Thailand. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 329 students participated. Knowledge about infection prevention, attitude toward preventive behavior, attitude toward preventive rules and regulation supported, and pathogen transmission preventive behavior were assessed. Independent t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze differences between outcomes and sociodemographic. Results: Students revealed a poor level of knowledge about infection prevention, correctly answering 2.52 (SD = 1.31) question in a total of 5, a high level of attitude toward preventive behavior, average score was 23.31 (SD = 2.22) of 25, and a high level of attitude toward preventive rules and regulation supported, the average scores at 21.48 (SD = 2.71), question in a total of 25, and a high level of pathogen transmission preventive behavior at the average score of 29.69 (SD = 4.06) questions in a total of 35. Conclusion: This research revealed that the high school students of Chonburi Science School at Prince Chulabhorn have a low level of knowledge about pathogens, and shows that they have a positive attitude toward prevention behavior, a good attitude toward supporting prevention rules and regulations, and good prevention behavior. Students have very little knowledge because the school does not have guidance, but some students can discover information by themselves through internet channels as long as they have equipment and connections. Therefore, this study can provide positive attitudes for a young teenager because he is constantly listening and following the rules. Therefore, specific knowledge about the basic prevention of pathogen transmission and infection is essential for all, and should be taught and strengthened in schools where all students know and are aware of this need, and all students will regularly take action to protect themselves such as wearing a mask and washing hands with alcohol gel.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior toward pathogen spreading of high school students in Thailand","authors":"Chonrakarn Leeya","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07069202127082021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07069202127082021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The spread of pathogens rapidly affects all aspects of life. Although the medicine is more advanced, the epidemic situations still can occurred. This continues to increase and is a major public health problem. Therefore, public health maintenance behavior has the effect of inhibiting the spread of pathogens. Breaking the chain of pathogen spread can reduce the spread of bacterial infections and the severity of the epidemic. Objectives: This study aimed to assess community knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior toward pathogen spreading among high school students in Chonburi, Thailand. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 329 students participated. Knowledge about infection prevention, attitude toward preventive behavior, attitude toward preventive rules and regulation supported, and pathogen transmission preventive behavior were assessed. Independent t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze differences between outcomes and sociodemographic. Results: Students revealed a poor level of knowledge about infection prevention, correctly answering 2.52 (SD = 1.31) question in a total of 5, a high level of attitude toward preventive behavior, average score was 23.31 (SD = 2.22) of 25, and a high level of attitude toward preventive rules and regulation supported, the average scores at 21.48 (SD = 2.71), question in a total of 25, and a high level of pathogen transmission preventive behavior at the average score of 29.69 (SD = 4.06) questions in a total of 35. Conclusion: This research revealed that the high school students of Chonburi Science School at Prince Chulabhorn have a low level of knowledge about pathogens, and shows that they have a positive attitude toward prevention behavior, a good attitude toward supporting prevention rules and regulations, and good prevention behavior. Students have very little knowledge because the school does not have guidance, but some students can discover information by themselves through internet channels as long as they have equipment and connections. Therefore, this study can provide positive attitudes for a young teenager because he is constantly listening and following the rules. Therefore, specific knowledge about the basic prevention of pathogen transmission and infection is essential for all, and should be taught and strengthened in schools where all students know and are aware of this need, and all students will regularly take action to protect themselves such as wearing a mask and washing hands with alcohol gel.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88865715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07068202120072021
Jidapa Wattanasiri
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected all aspects of life globally and becomes a major threat to public health around the world. One of the most important actions that need to be taken to stop the pandemic is vaccinations. Managing the COVID-19 pandemic in the long-term, vaccine hesitancy and negative attitudes toward vaccines are major barriers. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate undergraduate students' knowledge, risk perceptions, and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccinations among undergraduate students in Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 280 students participated. COVID-19 related knowledge, risk perception, and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines were assessed. Statistical test using SPSS statistics to analyze differences between intention to be vaccinated and socio-demographic was done using exact P-value, Pearson's Chi-square test, and Binary Logistic Regression. Results: Students revealed a moderate level of COVID-19 related knowledge. A moderate level of risk perception of getting COVID-19 has the highest number of students who want to get vaccinated (n = 76, 51.0%). Intention to get vaccinated was 53% (n = 148). The analysis of a binary logistic regression indicated that the monthly household income of students had a statistically significant effect on the intention to get vaccinated. Level of monthly household income predicted the deposition of intention to get vaccinated of students (Exp [B] = 0.773, P < 0.001). Most students had no intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 due to concerns on side effects and efficacy of the current availability of COVID-19 vaccine in Thailand. Therefore, to increase more acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among students, more choices of COVID-19 vaccine with high efficacy should be provided. Conclusion: Government should take firm and faster action for the unavailability of vaccines in Thailand to decrease vaccine hesitancy rate and give Thai citizens more choices of vaccine brands with higher levels of vaccine efficacy. Side effects from vaccines are one of the reasons for increase in vaccine hesitancy. Therefore, if Thai people can choose a higher efficacy vaccine, the news about vaccine side effects will be lower. Government should start educating and letting people know about side effects and whether the side effects are life threatening or not.
{"title":"Attitude and acceptance of a coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine: A cross-sectional study of Chiang Mai University's undergraduate students, Chiang Mai in Thailand","authors":"Jidapa Wattanasiri","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07068202120072021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07068202120072021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected all aspects of life globally and becomes a major threat to public health around the world. One of the most important actions that need to be taken to stop the pandemic is vaccinations. Managing the COVID-19 pandemic in the long-term, vaccine hesitancy and negative attitudes toward vaccines are major barriers. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate undergraduate students' knowledge, risk perceptions, and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccinations among undergraduate students in Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 280 students participated. COVID-19 related knowledge, risk perception, and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines were assessed. Statistical test using SPSS statistics to analyze differences between intention to be vaccinated and socio-demographic was done using exact P-value, Pearson's Chi-square test, and Binary Logistic Regression. Results: Students revealed a moderate level of COVID-19 related knowledge. A moderate level of risk perception of getting COVID-19 has the highest number of students who want to get vaccinated (n = 76, 51.0%). Intention to get vaccinated was 53% (n = 148). The analysis of a binary logistic regression indicated that the monthly household income of students had a statistically significant effect on the intention to get vaccinated. Level of monthly household income predicted the deposition of intention to get vaccinated of students (Exp [B] = 0.773, P < 0.001). Most students had no intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 due to concerns on side effects and efficacy of the current availability of COVID-19 vaccine in Thailand. Therefore, to increase more acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among students, more choices of COVID-19 vaccine with high efficacy should be provided. Conclusion: Government should take firm and faster action for the unavailability of vaccines in Thailand to decrease vaccine hesitancy rate and give Thai citizens more choices of vaccine brands with higher levels of vaccine efficacy. Side effects from vaccines are one of the reasons for increase in vaccine hesitancy. Therefore, if Thai people can choose a higher efficacy vaccine, the news about vaccine side effects will be lower. Government should start educating and letting people know about side effects and whether the side effects are life threatening or not.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79925545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/jmsph.2021.08091202110102021
Tanatpong Anantawittayanon
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and infection prevention: A study among high school students in Bangkok, Thailand","authors":"Tanatpong Anantawittayanon","doi":"10.5455/jmsph.2021.08091202110102021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jmsph.2021.08091202110102021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90793094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/IJMSPH.2020.02029202019012021
J. Cacodcar, Akshaya V Naik
Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) constitute leading cause of death among adolescents as well as young adults making it an important public health problem. Road traffic injuries are now the leading killer among people aged 529 years. Annually, roughly 400,000 youngsters under 25 years age succumb to death in a road traffic crash accounting to about 1049 youngsters every day. Knowing the rules and regulations regarding road safety forms an important aspect in preventing RTAs. Objective: This study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding road safety among college students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 428 college students from B. Com, M. Com, BCA, BBA, and BA studying at Rosary College of Commerce and Arts, Navelim, Salcete, South Goa, using a pre-designed questionnaire to assess the awareness and practices regarding road safety. Sampling was done using census method. Results: Majority of the students were aged 20 years with female preponderance. Overall knowledge and attitude regarding road safety was good, however, it was seen that it was not well practiced. There was a statistically significant difference found between gender and some variables such as compulsory use of seatbelt and helmet, use of mobile phones while driving, and having a valid license for driving. The most common reasons for RTAs cited by the study participants were bad roads (45.4%), overspeeding (21.3%), and overtaking (19.4%). Conclusions: Bringing about behavior change regarding road safety measures through information, education, and communication activities and improving legislative measures of traffic rules will contribute in making people responsible citizens of the country which will eventually bring reduction in the sufferings and death due to RTAs.
{"title":"A study to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding road safety among college students in Goa","authors":"J. Cacodcar, Akshaya V Naik","doi":"10.5455/IJMSPH.2020.02029202019012021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2020.02029202019012021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) constitute leading cause of death among adolescents as well as young adults making it an important public health problem. Road traffic injuries are now the leading killer among people aged 529 years. Annually, roughly 400,000 youngsters under 25 years age succumb to death in a road traffic crash accounting to about 1049 youngsters every day. Knowing the rules and regulations regarding road safety forms an important aspect in preventing RTAs. Objective: This study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding road safety among college students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 428 college students from B. Com, M. Com, BCA, BBA, and BA studying at Rosary College of Commerce and Arts, Navelim, Salcete, South Goa, using a pre-designed questionnaire to assess the awareness and practices regarding road safety. Sampling was done using census method. Results: Majority of the students were aged 20 years with female preponderance. Overall knowledge and attitude regarding road safety was good, however, it was seen that it was not well practiced. There was a statistically significant difference found between gender and some variables such as compulsory use of seatbelt and helmet, use of mobile phones while driving, and having a valid license for driving. The most common reasons for RTAs cited by the study participants were bad roads (45.4%), overspeeding (21.3%), and overtaking (19.4%). Conclusions: Bringing about behavior change regarding road safety measures through information, education, and communication activities and improving legislative measures of traffic rules will contribute in making people responsible citizens of the country which will eventually bring reduction in the sufferings and death due to RTAs.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87801277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07066202118072021
Aakanksha Gupta, J. Manoher
Background: Perforating ocular injuries in particular carry a high risk of visual morbidity in all age groups. Risk factors associated with ocular trauma include gender, age, occupation, and lower socioeconomic status. Eye injuries are causing a major concern to the general ophthalmologists both in the developed and developing countries. Objective: The objective of this article is to study the profile of penetrating ocular injuries before and during the period of lockdown. Materials and Methods: A study was done to make a comparative analysis of the penetrating ocular injuries occurring during the period of lockdown of 3 months (April 1, 2020June 30, 2020) and 3 months (January 1, 2020March 31, 2020) before lockdown. Results: The study included 33 patients hospitalized before lockdown and 45 hospitalizations during the lockdown in all age groups. Injuries were more common in males. The injuries reported in the age group of 015 years before lockdown were 36.36% while during lockdown 60% injuries were observed. Modes of injuries reported before lockdown were indoor injuries (36.36%) and road traffic accidents (36.36%) while during lockdown, the major mode of injuries were indoor injuries (76.6%) whereas the road traffic accidents (10.0%) declined. Conclusion: During the lockdown, indoor injuries were more common in comparison to the outdoor injuries such as road traffic accidents, the latter being more prevalent before lockdown. During lockdown, increase in the indoor leisure activities of children led to a rise in the cases of eye injuries and an increase of almost double the number was observed. In addition to this, immobilization led to a decrease in the injuries due to road traffic accidents. The coronavirus disease-19 lockdown did have an impact on the profile of penetrating ocular injuries.
{"title":"The effect of coronavirus disease-19 lockdown on the incidence and profile of penetrating ocular injuries","authors":"Aakanksha Gupta, J. Manoher","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07066202118072021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07066202118072021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Perforating ocular injuries in particular carry a high risk of visual morbidity in all age groups. Risk factors associated with ocular trauma include gender, age, occupation, and lower socioeconomic status. Eye injuries are causing a major concern to the general ophthalmologists both in the developed and developing countries. Objective: The objective of this article is to study the profile of penetrating ocular injuries before and during the period of lockdown. Materials and Methods: A study was done to make a comparative analysis of the penetrating ocular injuries occurring during the period of lockdown of 3 months (April 1, 2020June 30, 2020) and 3 months (January 1, 2020March 31, 2020) before lockdown. Results: The study included 33 patients hospitalized before lockdown and 45 hospitalizations during the lockdown in all age groups. Injuries were more common in males. The injuries reported in the age group of 015 years before lockdown were 36.36% while during lockdown 60% injuries were observed. Modes of injuries reported before lockdown were indoor injuries (36.36%) and road traffic accidents (36.36%) while during lockdown, the major mode of injuries were indoor injuries (76.6%) whereas the road traffic accidents (10.0%) declined. Conclusion: During the lockdown, indoor injuries were more common in comparison to the outdoor injuries such as road traffic accidents, the latter being more prevalent before lockdown. During lockdown, increase in the indoor leisure activities of children led to a rise in the cases of eye injuries and an increase of almost double the number was observed. In addition to this, immobilization led to a decrease in the injuries due to road traffic accidents. The coronavirus disease-19 lockdown did have an impact on the profile of penetrating ocular injuries.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84022458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.01012202110032021
S. Ranasinghe, N. Gunawardena
{"title":"An analysis of Sri Lankan government policies for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases and its risk factors","authors":"S. Ranasinghe, N. Gunawardena","doi":"10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.01012202110032021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.01012202110032021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"32 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85620159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kapoor, Shammi Kumar, Renu Sharma, A. Pandey, RanaJ Singh
{"title":"Compliance assessment with tobacco control regulations at wheelchair-based tobacco Point of sale in Delhi, India","authors":"S. Kapoor, Shammi Kumar, Renu Sharma, A. Pandey, RanaJ Singh","doi":"10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_76_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_76_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81390639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.06048202118062021
Supakarn Vathanakitanond, Kanyapak Udom
Background: It is important for humans to protect themselves from the pathogens because when there are pathogens inside the bodies, it means that our bodies will be weaker which results in inability to work. Getting infected by a disease does not only cause the problems to the individual but it also results in affecting the life of a whole human population. First of all, effective infection prevention will help minimize the risk of infection transmission between people. One of the largest causes of this transmission is pandemic disease. Pandemics disease is widely spread all over the world. This would lead to economic, social, and political disruption. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behavior about pathogens among high school students. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during January 2021April 2021, all students and teachers from Mahidol University International Demonstration School were invited to participate in completing an online questionnaire. A total of 213 students participated. Differences between outcomes and sociodemographics were analyzed through independent t-test and the ANOVA. A generalized linear model was calculated to determine the predictive variables of preventive behaviors. Results: Students revealed low knowledge on preventing transmission of pathogens, scored 2.07 (SD = 1.12) points in a total of 5 points, good attitude toward preventive behavior, 10.75 in a total of 15 questions (SD = 1.67), and low preventive behavior by scoring the average score of 14.55 (SD = 2.32) out of 20 questions. From Pearsons correlation efficient test, the finding indicated that knowledge about pathogens prevention and the preventive behavior has no correlation (P = 0.01). The attitude toward preventive behaviors of pathogens either has no correlation with the preventive behaviors (P = 0.01). The knowledge about pathogens prevention had positive correlation with the attitude toward pathogens prevention (r = 213, P = 0.01). Statistically tested by generalized linear regression model, knowledge about pathogens prevention, and attitude toward preventive behavior cannot predict the adoption of those preventive behaviors. Conclusion: This study provides useful data to plan health education training about transmission of pathogens among high school students. The consistency in knowledge and attitude training by schools in preventive campaigns is essential to promote good preventive behaviors.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors toward pathogens transmission: A study among Grade 10-12 students of Mahidol University International Demonstration School at Nakhon Pathom","authors":"Supakarn Vathanakitanond, Kanyapak Udom","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.06048202118062021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.06048202118062021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is important for humans to protect themselves from the pathogens because when there are pathogens inside the bodies, it means that our bodies will be weaker which results in inability to work. Getting infected by a disease does not only cause the problems to the individual but it also results in affecting the life of a whole human population. First of all, effective infection prevention will help minimize the risk of infection transmission between people. One of the largest causes of this transmission is pandemic disease. Pandemics disease is widely spread all over the world. This would lead to economic, social, and political disruption. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behavior about pathogens among high school students. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during January 2021April 2021, all students and teachers from Mahidol University International Demonstration School were invited to participate in completing an online questionnaire. A total of 213 students participated. Differences between outcomes and sociodemographics were analyzed through independent t-test and the ANOVA. A generalized linear model was calculated to determine the predictive variables of preventive behaviors. Results: Students revealed low knowledge on preventing transmission of pathogens, scored 2.07 (SD = 1.12) points in a total of 5 points, good attitude toward preventive behavior, 10.75 in a total of 15 questions (SD = 1.67), and low preventive behavior by scoring the average score of 14.55 (SD = 2.32) out of 20 questions. From Pearsons correlation efficient test, the finding indicated that knowledge about pathogens prevention and the preventive behavior has no correlation (P = 0.01). The attitude toward preventive behaviors of pathogens either has no correlation with the preventive behaviors (P = 0.01). The knowledge about pathogens prevention had positive correlation with the attitude toward pathogens prevention (r = 213, P = 0.01). Statistically tested by generalized linear regression model, knowledge about pathogens prevention, and attitude toward preventive behavior cannot predict the adoption of those preventive behaviors. Conclusion: This study provides useful data to plan health education training about transmission of pathogens among high school students. The consistency in knowledge and attitude training by schools in preventive campaigns is essential to promote good preventive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78228601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.03023202117032021
Iman Haji, A. Ansari, W. Sharbati, A. Sabbagh, Aysha Muqahwi
{"title":"Non-suicidal self-injury: Demographics, self-harm events, characteristics, and reasons","authors":"Iman Haji, A. Ansari, W. Sharbati, A. Sabbagh, Aysha Muqahwi","doi":"10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.03023202117032021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.03023202117032021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82317840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07074202127082021
Mohit Shah, N. Soni
Background: Lumbosacral radiculopathy has a prevalence ranging from 1.2% to 43%. It is associated with altered mechanosensitivity of the neural tissue and symptoms of pain and paresthesia radiating to the lower extremity. Neurodynamic techniques described by Shacklock have shown beneficial results clinically in subjects with radiculopathy. However, there is lack of research on systematic protocol of neurodynamic techniques in lower limb radiculopathy. Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of neurodynamic techniques including treatment of neural tissues and interface dysfunctions as advocated by Michael Shacklock. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial on 108 subjects with lumbosacral radiculopathy was conducted using computer generated block randomization after taking ethics approval. They were divided into two equal groups of 54. The treatment for both groups was given in six sessions, thrice a week for 2 weeks. Interventional group received neurodynamic techniques based on diagnosis of neural and interface dysfunctions and control group received sham neurodynamic techniques. Both groups additionally received hydrocollator packs for 20 min and 10 repetitions of isometric back exercises. The outcome measures were Sciatica Bothersomeness Index and Sciatica Frequency Index for Bothersomeness and frequency of radiating symptoms, pain site codes on overlay template for centralization of radiating symptoms and active knee extension range of motion in slump posture using universal goniometer for mechanosensitivity of neural tissue. The outcome assessor and the subjects were blinded to the treatment allocation. Results: Wilcoxon signed-ranks test showed a statistically significant difference in all the outcome measures in both groups (P < 0.05). MannWhitney U-test showed that the interventional group had better improvement compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Neurodynamic techniques are effective in reducing the Bothersomeness and frequency of radiating symptoms, producing centralization, and reducing mechanosensitivity of the neural tissue in subjects with lumbosacral radiculopathy.
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