Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.06047202101082021
M. Sarkar, Anuradha Sinha, A. Majumdar, Anindya Adhikari, Goutam Dey
so as to avoid hazards of transfusion. Background: Anaemia causes impaired oxygen delivery to tissues. The first investigation done in anaemia is blood for haemoglobin%(Hb%). It can be reported within minutes using automated analyser. Peripheral blood smear (PBS) examination for assessment of red cell morphology is advised to evaluate the effect of anaemia on patient’s health. Now-a-days, automated analysers are supplied in remote hospital set-up also. But analyser results must be justified with blood smear examination findings. Objectives: General: To find out the spectrum of Hb concentration among indoor patients; Specific: To find out whether analyser derived red cell indices correspond with red cell morphology on PBS. Materials and Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in the pathology department of a tribal based hospital. After institutional ethics committee permission the study was conducted for 1 year duration among indoor patients selecting the first complete haemogram report after admission. Hb values were categorised into 4 sub-groups (≥12 g/dl, 10–<12 g/dl, 7–<10 g/dl, <7 g/dl). Red cell indices were derived from analyser. Blood smear stained by Leishman-Giemsa was examined under light microscope. Data was analysed at the end of the study using Microsoft Excel software 2010. Results: Among 478 total cases 39.53% were male, 60.46% female (Male:Female ratio 1:1.53). 50% of total population had Hb% ≥12 g/dl which constituted 69.84% of the male and 37.02% of the female cases. Females were more in number to have abnormal red cell morphology (23.53%) compared to male (19.05%). Red cell index abnormality was almost equal in male (58.20%) and female (59.52%). More male patients had red cell morphology abnormality (54.38%) than female (34.62%) at Hb level <12g/dl. Conclusion: Red cell morphology must accompany all cases of haemogram reporting.
{"title":"Red blood cell indices and red blood cell morphology in the haematological evaluation of patients: Study from a tribal based hospital in rural India","authors":"M. Sarkar, Anuradha Sinha, A. Majumdar, Anindya Adhikari, Goutam Dey","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.06047202101082021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.06047202101082021","url":null,"abstract":"so as to avoid hazards of transfusion. Background: Anaemia causes impaired oxygen delivery to tissues. The first investigation done in anaemia is blood for haemoglobin%(Hb%). It can be reported within minutes using automated analyser. Peripheral blood smear (PBS) examination for assessment of red cell morphology is advised to evaluate the effect of anaemia on patient’s health. Now-a-days, automated analysers are supplied in remote hospital set-up also. But analyser results must be justified with blood smear examination findings. Objectives: General: To find out the spectrum of Hb concentration among indoor patients; Specific: To find out whether analyser derived red cell indices correspond with red cell morphology on PBS. Materials and Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in the pathology department of a tribal based hospital. After institutional ethics committee permission the study was conducted for 1 year duration among indoor patients selecting the first complete haemogram report after admission. Hb values were categorised into 4 sub-groups (≥12 g/dl, 10–<12 g/dl, 7–<10 g/dl, <7 g/dl). Red cell indices were derived from analyser. Blood smear stained by Leishman-Giemsa was examined under light microscope. Data was analysed at the end of the study using Microsoft Excel software 2010. Results: Among 478 total cases 39.53% were male, 60.46% female (Male:Female ratio 1:1.53). 50% of total population had Hb% ≥12 g/dl which constituted 69.84% of the male and 37.02% of the female cases. Females were more in number to have abnormal red cell morphology (23.53%) compared to male (19.05%). Red cell index abnormality was almost equal in male (58.20%) and female (59.52%). More male patients had red cell morphology abnormality (54.38%) than female (34.62%) at Hb level <12g/dl. Conclusion: Red cell morphology must accompany all cases of haemogram reporting.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87246605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.07121202001052021
N. Deyal, V. Tiwari, N. Bisht
{"title":"Impact of climatic parameters on coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic progression in India: Analysis and prediction","authors":"N. Deyal, V. Tiwari, N. Bisht","doi":"10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.07121202001052021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.07121202001052021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"53 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81172054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/jmsph.2021.09102202111102021
Chanadee Hirunpath
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and drug resistance preventive behaviors of high school students in Bangkok","authors":"Chanadee Hirunpath","doi":"10.5455/jmsph.2021.09102202111102021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jmsph.2021.09102202111102021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73090044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.08078202127102021
Phitsiree Phengmeesri
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has affected humanity in several aspects of life. Not only create health problems, but also economic and social problems. To cope with this pandemic, we need to know and understand how to have the COVID-19 preventive behavior. Hence, this study will be focusing on factors that influence people to have COVID-19 preventive behavior. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude, and COVID-19 preventive behavior of high school students. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 325 students participated. Knowledge, attitude without presence of rules, and attitude with presence of rules toward COVID-19 preventive behavior were assessed. Independent t-test and analysis of variance were used to analyze differences between outcomes and socio-demographic. COVID-19 preventive behavior was analyzed by a generalized linear model. Results: Students revealed a good level of COVID-19 related knowledge, correctly answering 4.48 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.70) questions in a total of 5, good levels of attitude both without and with the presence of rules, average score was 11.05 (SD = 1.16) of four questions and 15.86 (SD = 2.07) of six questions, respectively, and a good level of COVID-19 preventive behavior, the average scores at 44.28 (SD = 6.68), in a total of 11 questions. Conclusion: This study revealed a good level of knowledge, attitude both without and with the presence of rules and COVID-19 preventive behavior among high school students at Loei Pittayakom School, Thailand. Mainly, the factor that may influence them to get a high score in all four sections is staying active with news and the latest information presented on the internet. In addition, the study demonstrated that there was a relationship between attitude with the presence of rules and COVID-19 preventive behavior. Therefore, having regulations can lead to having preventive behavior.
{"title":"Knowledge, understanding, attitude, and preventive behavior toward COVID-19: A study among high school students in Loei Pittayakom, Thailand","authors":"Phitsiree Phengmeesri","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.08078202127102021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.08078202127102021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 pandemic has affected humanity in several aspects of life. Not only create health problems, but also economic and social problems. To cope with this pandemic, we need to know and understand how to have the COVID-19 preventive behavior. Hence, this study will be focusing on factors that influence people to have COVID-19 preventive behavior. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude, and COVID-19 preventive behavior of high school students. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 325 students participated. Knowledge, attitude without presence of rules, and attitude with presence of rules toward COVID-19 preventive behavior were assessed. Independent t-test and analysis of variance were used to analyze differences between outcomes and socio-demographic. COVID-19 preventive behavior was analyzed by a generalized linear model. Results: Students revealed a good level of COVID-19 related knowledge, correctly answering 4.48 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.70) questions in a total of 5, good levels of attitude both without and with the presence of rules, average score was 11.05 (SD = 1.16) of four questions and 15.86 (SD = 2.07) of six questions, respectively, and a good level of COVID-19 preventive behavior, the average scores at 44.28 (SD = 6.68), in a total of 11 questions. Conclusion: This study revealed a good level of knowledge, attitude both without and with the presence of rules and COVID-19 preventive behavior among high school students at Loei Pittayakom School, Thailand. Mainly, the factor that may influence them to get a high score in all four sections is staying active with news and the latest information presented on the internet. In addition, the study demonstrated that there was a relationship between attitude with the presence of rules and COVID-19 preventive behavior. Therefore, having regulations can lead to having preventive behavior.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79513623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.01011202103062021
Babu Dilip, S Anurupa, Satish Ghatage, Swathi S Aithal
{"title":"A study on coverage of isoniazid chemoprophylaxis among the household contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases aged <6 years under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme","authors":"Babu Dilip, S Anurupa, Satish Ghatage, Swathi S Aithal","doi":"10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.01011202103062021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.01011202103062021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"246 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76756846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.04033202126042021
Tawan Petpaiboon
Background: Breaking the chain of infection is the process that is controlled by the infection control and contact tracing to inhibit infections of pathogens in more people which can be done by stopping the cycle of chain of infection. To prevent coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 from further spreading, breaking the chain of infection is required. In addition, in the chain of infection, the last key point is the factors that affect the behavior in disease transmission prevention of COVID-19. Research has shown that good knowledge and a positive attitude have contributed to a behavior that would prevent this disease. One of the most important actions that need to be taken to break the chain of infection is to set a healthy behavior in each individual. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about COVID-19 among high school students in Bangkok. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 177 students participated. COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes toward COVID-19, and preventive behaviors were assessed. Differences between outcomes and sociodemographic were analyzed through independent t-test and the ANOVA. Preventive behaviors were analyzed by a generalized linear model.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors toward coronavirus disease-19: A study among high school students in Bangkok","authors":"Tawan Petpaiboon","doi":"10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.04033202126042021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.04033202126042021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breaking the chain of infection is the process that is controlled by the infection control and contact tracing to inhibit infections of pathogens in more people which can be done by stopping the cycle of chain of infection. To prevent coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 from further spreading, breaking the chain of infection is required. In addition, in the chain of infection, the last key point is the factors that affect the behavior in disease transmission prevention of COVID-19. Research has shown that good knowledge and a positive attitude have contributed to a behavior that would prevent this disease. One of the most important actions that need to be taken to break the chain of infection is to set a healthy behavior in each individual. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about COVID-19 among high school students in Bangkok. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 177 students participated. COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes toward COVID-19, and preventive behaviors were assessed. Differences between outcomes and sociodemographic were analyzed through independent t-test and the ANOVA. Preventive behaviors were analyzed by a generalized linear model.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79846850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Bachani, Amanda Stevens, K. Anand, R. Amarchand
{"title":"Noncommunicable disease risk profile of urban women in Indore city, India","authors":"D. Bachani, Amanda Stevens, K. Anand, R. Amarchand","doi":"10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_91_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_91_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82120405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Diabetes is a major public health problem with increasing morbidity due to complications. There have been reports regarding the association of serum magnesium (S. Mg) with diabetic complications but they are few and inconclusive. Aims: The aim was to find the status of S. Mg in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and study association of S. Mg with glycemic control and diabetic complications. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital in rural area. Subjects and Methods: All patients of type 2 DM were included. Detailed history was taken and all were subjected to routine investigations and S. Mg level. Patients were also screened for complications of diabetes. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed for any association between S. Mg levels and diabetic control (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]) and also for the correlation with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Results: Mean S. Mg was significantly less in patients having uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7%) as compared to those with HbA1c Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia is associated with uncontrolled HbA1c and diabetic complications. Routine monitoring and correction of S. Mg levels in type 2 diabetes patients may help in better control of HbA1c and delaying progression to retinopathy and nephropathy.
{"title":"A study of serum magnesium level in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with glycemic control and its complications","authors":"Arti Muley, Kalpesh Moradiya","doi":"10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_53_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_53_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Diabetes is a major public health problem with increasing morbidity due to complications. There have been reports regarding the association of serum magnesium (S. Mg) with diabetic complications but they are few and inconclusive. Aims: The aim was to find the status of S. Mg in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and study association of S. Mg with glycemic control and diabetic complications. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital in rural area. Subjects and Methods: All patients of type 2 DM were included. Detailed history was taken and all were subjected to routine investigations and S. Mg level. Patients were also screened for complications of diabetes. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed for any association between S. Mg levels and diabetic control (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]) and also for the correlation with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Results: Mean S. Mg was significantly less in patients having uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7%) as compared to those with HbA1c Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia is associated with uncontrolled HbA1c and diabetic complications. Routine monitoring and correction of S. Mg levels in type 2 diabetes patients may help in better control of HbA1c and delaying progression to retinopathy and nephropathy.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85992538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2021.04032202119062021
Fahima H, D. S, Chindhiha S, S. Vincy, Chandrasekar M, S. K.
Background: Newborn screening (NBS) is the test used to diagnosis the metabolic and other disorders within 72 h of birth. The early identification of the disorder helps in early treatment which prevents neonates from life-threatening health problem, mental retardation, and serious lifelong disabilities. Objectives: Universal NBS using heel-prick dried blood spot (DBS) samples has become an integral part of public health system in developed countries. There are about 99.9% of newborns that are screened every year in western countries. Whereas, in India the less 1% of newborns are screened due to the ignorance and not knowing the importance of NBS. Very few states in India had started the program in government. Awareness among the professionals and public about the NBS has to be created and extended. Materials and Methods: The Newborn DBS samples were received from Government Vellore Medical College Hospital, Government Hospitals at Tirupattur, Gudiyatham and 104 primary health centers. Samples should be collected within 72 h from the newborn. Screening of human thyroid-stimulating hormones, 17-OHP, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, Galactose, and IRT are done using the Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) method using their respective conjugate, Conjugate Diluent, Substrate solution TMB Chromogen, washing solution 10 ×, 1 × 50 ml Stopping solution and measured using micro plate photometer. Point of care testing (POCT) requires only 1 drop (10 μL) of blood from the pricked heel of the baby, and it can be performed 510 min at bedside. Results: NBS is done using the EIA method which reports between 8 and 12 days. Comparing point of care (POCT) with EIA, the results of POCT are compatible and satisfactory and it completes in 5 days. Conclusion: The proper implementation of point of care testing will help to identify the positive cases early and prevents the baby from permanent disability.
背景:新生儿筛查(NBS)是用于诊断出生72小时内代谢和其他疾病的检查。这种疾病的早期识别有助于早期治疗，从而防止新生儿出现危及生命的健康问题、智力迟钝和严重的终身残疾。目的:采用足跟刺干血斑(DBS)样本进行全民血检已成为发达国家公共卫生系统的重要组成部分。在西方国家，每年约有99.9%的新生儿接受筛查。然而，在印度，由于无知和不知道国家统计局的重要性，只有不到1%的新生儿接受了筛查。印度很少有邦在政府中启动了这个项目。专业人士和公众对国家统计局的认识必须建立和扩大。材料与方法:新生儿DBS样本来自政府Vellore医学院医院、Tirupattur、Gudiyatham的政府医院和104个初级卫生中心。应在72小时内从新生儿身上采集样本。人促甲状腺激素、17-OHP、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、半乳糖和IRT的筛选采用酶免疫分析法(EIA)，分别使用它们各自的偶联物、偶联稀释剂、底物溶液TMB显色剂、洗涤液10 ×、停止液1 × 50 ml进行筛选，并用微板光度计进行测定。POCT (Point of care testing)只需从婴儿刺破的足跟处滴1滴(10 μL)血，可在床边进行5 ~ 10分钟。结果:国家统计局采用EIA方法，报告时间为8 - 12天。点疗(POCT)与环评(EIA)比较，结果一致，满意，在5天内完成。结论:正确实施“护理点”检测有助于早期发现阳性病例，防止婴儿终身残疾。
{"title":"Newborn screening by enzyme immunoassay using dry blood spot for diagnosis of metabolic disorders","authors":"Fahima H, D. S, Chindhiha S, S. Vincy, Chandrasekar M, S. K.","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.04032202119062021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.04032202119062021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Newborn screening (NBS) is the test used to diagnosis the metabolic and other disorders within 72 h of birth. The early identification of the disorder helps in early treatment which prevents neonates from life-threatening health problem, mental retardation, and serious lifelong disabilities. Objectives: Universal NBS using heel-prick dried blood spot (DBS) samples has become an integral part of public health system in developed countries. There are about 99.9% of newborns that are screened every year in western countries. Whereas, in India the less 1% of newborns are screened due to the ignorance and not knowing the importance of NBS. Very few states in India had started the program in government. Awareness among the professionals and public about the NBS has to be created and extended. Materials and Methods: The Newborn DBS samples were received from Government Vellore Medical College Hospital, Government Hospitals at Tirupattur, Gudiyatham and 104 primary health centers. Samples should be collected within 72 h from the newborn. Screening of human thyroid-stimulating hormones, 17-OHP, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, Galactose, and IRT are done using the Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) method using their respective conjugate, Conjugate Diluent, Substrate solution TMB Chromogen, washing solution 10 ×, 1 × 50 ml Stopping solution and measured using micro plate photometer. Point of care testing (POCT) requires only 1 drop (10 μL) of blood from the pricked heel of the baby, and it can be performed 510 min at bedside. Results: NBS is done using the EIA method which reports between 8 and 12 days. Comparing point of care (POCT) with EIA, the results of POCT are compatible and satisfactory and it completes in 5 days. Conclusion: The proper implementation of point of care testing will help to identify the positive cases early and prevents the baby from permanent disability.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80445702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Many Thai people have misconceptions about antibiotics, such as an understanding that antibiotics are an anti-inflammatory drug. It has led to the misconception that the use of this drug will make existing disease heals faster because the drug is going to treat or cure inflammation. Many people do not know that bacteria can develop itself to resist antibiotics, therefore, they misunderstand that antibiotics can relieve pain, reduce fever which can lead to misuse of antibiotics. Drug resistance related knowledge and antibiotic misuse affect the development of drug-resistant strains. There are more than 38,000 deaths each year in Thailand which cost economical loss which accounted for 0.6% of gross domestic product. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess drug resistance related knowledge, attitude toward drug resistance prevention, and drug resistance preventive behaviors among Thai people. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1123 Thai people who could access the internet. Drug resistance related knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward drug resistance prevention was assessed. Differences between outcomes and sociodemographic were analyzed through independent t-test, ANOVA.A generalized linear model was calculated to determine the predictive variables of preventive behaviors. Results: Participants revealed moderate knowledge about drug resistance, correctly answering 9.86 (SD = 1.65) questions in a total of 15 and favorable attitudes toward preventive behaviors (M = 24.78, SD = 3.25). Participants reported on average 45.92 (SD = 7.25) of 12 behaviors in terms of always engaging in prevention, which was considered to be moderate. Females presented a higher level of knowledge, more positive attitude, and engaged in more preventive behaviors than males. Age, educational attainment, level of income, and knowledge about drug resistance had a negative correlation with preventive behavior toward drug resistance (r = 0.109**, r = 0.081**, r = 0.197**, and 0.111**, P< 0.01). Having a positive attitude toward preventive behavior of drug resistance predicted the adoption of those preventive behaviors (Exp (β) = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.0460.325, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Participants had a moderate level of knowledge on drug resistance, favorable attitude toward drug resistance prevention, and moderate level of preventive behaviors. Participants who had a busy lifestyle were more likely to compromise preventive behavior toward drug resistance, mostly in the 3050 age group, even though their level of attitude toward prevention was at a good level. From the study, it is clear that prioritizing public knowledge on drug resistance is strongly and urgently advised to heighten attitudes toward drug resistance prevention to improve drug preventive behavior. More importantly, long-term systematic interventions and solutions should be considered, such as integrating, improving, and stressing the ed
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and drug resistance preventive behavior among Thai people:A cross-sectional online study in Thailand","authors":"Sujimon Mungkalarungsi, Kanokorn Tangjonrach, Damisa Chaemnapa, Pumin Wimuttigosol, Nattanicha Buttamee, Jirapat Anakewat, Sittha Phadungyan, Cindy Shainwald, Navaporn Apichaidejudom, Sadhu Wongsaroj","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.08081202113082021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.08081202113082021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many Thai people have misconceptions about antibiotics, such as an understanding that antibiotics are an anti-inflammatory drug. It has led to the misconception that the use of this drug will make existing disease heals faster because the drug is going to treat or cure inflammation. Many people do not know that bacteria can develop itself to resist antibiotics, therefore, they misunderstand that antibiotics can relieve pain, reduce fever which can lead to misuse of antibiotics. Drug resistance related knowledge and antibiotic misuse affect the development of drug-resistant strains. There are more than 38,000 deaths each year in Thailand which cost economical loss which accounted for 0.6% of gross domestic product. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess drug resistance related knowledge, attitude toward drug resistance prevention, and drug resistance preventive behaviors among Thai people. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1123 Thai people who could access the internet. Drug resistance related knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward drug resistance prevention was assessed. Differences between outcomes and sociodemographic were analyzed through independent t-test, ANOVA.A generalized linear model was calculated to determine the predictive variables of preventive behaviors. Results: Participants revealed moderate knowledge about drug resistance, correctly answering 9.86 (SD = 1.65) questions in a total of 15 and favorable attitudes toward preventive behaviors (M = 24.78, SD = 3.25). Participants reported on average 45.92 (SD = 7.25) of 12 behaviors in terms of always engaging in prevention, which was considered to be moderate. Females presented a higher level of knowledge, more positive attitude, and engaged in more preventive behaviors than males. Age, educational attainment, level of income, and knowledge about drug resistance had a negative correlation with preventive behavior toward drug resistance (r = 0.109**, r = 0.081**, r = 0.197**, and 0.111**, P< 0.01). Having a positive attitude toward preventive behavior of drug resistance predicted the adoption of those preventive behaviors (Exp (β) = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.0460.325, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Participants had a moderate level of knowledge on drug resistance, favorable attitude toward drug resistance prevention, and moderate level of preventive behaviors. Participants who had a busy lifestyle were more likely to compromise preventive behavior toward drug resistance, mostly in the 3050 age group, even though their level of attitude toward prevention was at a good level. From the study, it is clear that prioritizing public knowledge on drug resistance is strongly and urgently advised to heighten attitudes toward drug resistance prevention to improve drug preventive behavior. More importantly, long-term systematic interventions and solutions should be considered, such as integrating, improving, and stressing the ed","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85777061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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