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Health policy-an overview 健康策略—概述
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/ijrsr.2017.0805.0231
S. Karthika
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引用次数: 0
Real option analysis case with dynamic risk neutral probability 具有动态风险中性概率的实物期权分析案例
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR.2017.0805.0217
Hui Zhao
This paper constructs a model with dynamic risk neutral probabilities of double stochastic variables and multistage constructions for the cellulosic ethanol project in China. Based on real option analysis, the investors can estimate the unit market value of the cellulosic ethanol project. Because of the great reduction of the gasoline price and the huge increment of the corn cob price, there are some negative decision values. Specially, action “invest” is still the optimal decision if only the stage-1 construction has been completed. Due to the regulation of the Chinese government, the dynamic risk neutral probabilities of the gasoline price and corn cob price are around 0.5, that are obviously different with the fixed risk neutral probabilities.
本文构建了中国纤维素乙醇项目的双随机变量多阶段动态风险中性概率模型。基于实物期权分析,投资者可以估计纤维素乙醇项目的单位市场价值。由于汽油价格的大幅下降和玉米芯价格的大幅上涨,存在一定的负决策值。特别是在一期工程已经完成的情况下,“投资”仍然是最优决策。由于中国政府的调控,汽油价格和玉米芯价格的动态风险中性概率在0.5左右,与固定风险中性概率存在明显差异。
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引用次数: 0
A study on contraceptive usage among postpartum women in bhubaneswar, odisha 奥里萨邦布巴内斯瓦尔产后妇女避孕药具使用情况研究
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/ijrsr.2017.0805.0264
Adrija Roy, Ipsa Mohapatra
India with a population of 1.3 billion people and nearly18% of the world’s population is the second most populous country in the world. Contraceptive usage during postpartum period, being critical for maternal and child health; the study was undertaken to estimate prevalence of contraceptive usage among postpartum women and to assess reasons for non-usage. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in the urban field-practice area of Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, from November 2016-March 2017; using a pre-structured questionnaire with socio-demographic variables, obstetric history, details of mother and baby, family planning awareness and practices. From a list of postpartum women registered in the postnatal clinic, those satisfying inclusion criteria and giving consent were taken, by simple random sampling, till the desired sample-size of 240 was reached. Data was analysed using EpiInfo 7. 72.1% were in the age group of 19-25years; 79% were Hindus. 20.4% participants were using some form of contraception, 65.3% of whose husbands were using male condoms and 22.5% were using IUCDs. The main reason for not using postpartum contraception was lack of knowledge and access. 87.1% of the women had heard about some or the other methods. 12.9% answered correctly about temporary methods of contraception. 48.3% had heard about contraceptive methods from their husbands. Only 6.3% women knew about safe period, and 2.1 % had correct knowledge about advantages of spacing methods. Overall usage of postpartum contraception was low. The study concludes that family planning methods and contraceptive practices needs more awareness among the study population.
印度拥有13亿人口,占世界人口近18%,是世界上人口第二多的国家。产后使用避孕药具,对母婴健康至关重要;进行这项研究是为了估计产后妇女使用避孕药具的流行程度,并评估不使用避孕药具的原因。2016年11月至2017年3月,在布巴内斯瓦尔卡林加医学研究所的城市实地实践区进行了一项横断面研究;使用预先编制的问卷,其中包括社会人口变量、产科史、母婴细节、计划生育意识和做法。从在产后门诊登记的产后妇女名单中,采用简单随机抽样的方法,抽取符合纳入标准并表示同意的妇女,直至达到所需样本量240人。使用EpiInfo 7分析数据。年龄在19-25岁的占72.1%;79%是印度教徒。20.4%的参与者使用某种形式的避孕措施,其中65.3%的丈夫使用男用避孕套,22.5%的人使用宫内节育器。不采取产后避孕措施的主要原因是缺乏避孕知识和途径。87.1%的妇女听说过这种或那种方法。对临时避孕方法回答正确的占12.9%。48.3%的人从丈夫那里听说过避孕方法。只有6.3%的女性知道安全期,2.1%的女性对间隔避孕方法的好处有正确的认识。产后避孕的总体使用率较低。该研究的结论是,计划生育方法和避孕措施需要在研究人群中有更多的认识。
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引用次数: 1
Intervention through internet to improve health cognitive factors in adolescents 网络干预改善青少年健康认知因素
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR.2017.0805.0288
Guevara Valtier Mc, Paz Ma, G. Jm, R. Rodríguez, V. Ma, P. La
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引用次数: 0
Maternal and perinatal outcome in autoimmune disorders complicating pregnancy 自身免疫性疾病合并妊娠的孕产妇和围产期结局
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR.2017.0805.0309
Anuradha Cheenepalli, Andallu Ratnam
Objective: To study the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant women with Autoimmune disorders like SLE, Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic sclerosis, Sjogrens disease, Scleroderma, autoimmune hemolyticanemia. etc in a tertiary care teaching maternity hospital. Method: A total of 26 pregnant women with various Autoimmune disorders were identified among antenatal women attending the hospital between April 2011 to September 2013. They were evaluated, monitored and followed up with a standardized protocol to assess the pregnancy outcome. Results: Out of total 26 patients with Autoimmune disorders19 cases are diagnosed as SLE, 1 case Sjogrens syndrome, 2 case Systemic sclerosis, 1 case Scleroderma and 3 cases Rheumatoid arthritis. Out of 26 patients 19 have live births of which 12 are preterm and 7 are term deliveries.5 cases had IUD, 2 had spontaneous abortions. Of the 19 cases of SLE 11cases had positive antiphospholipid antibodies, 8cases had Anticardiolipin antibodies and 3 cases had lupusanticoagulant. One baby diagnosed as congenital heart block. One baby died after birth on 2 day. 12 cases delivered by caesarian section for indications of PROM, oligohydromnios, IUGR...etc. 6 had normal vaginal delivery and one case by forceps delivery. Conclusion: Pregnancy with autoimmune disorders have increased risk of spontaneous abortions, IUD, preterm delivery, small for gestational age, high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Cases managed in tertiary care hospitals have good perinal outcome though there is definite risk of prematurity and small for gestational age.
目的:探讨SLE、类风湿关节炎、系统性硬化症、Sjogrens病、硬皮病、自身免疫性溶血性贫血等自身免疫性疾病孕妇的孕产妇及围产儿预后。等在三级护理教学妇产医院。方法:2011年4月至2013年9月在该院产前就诊的26例患有各种自身免疫性疾病的孕妇。他们被评估,监测和跟踪一个标准化的协议,以评估妊娠结局。结果:26例自身免疫性疾病中SLE 19例,Sjogrens综合征1例,系统性硬化症2例,硬皮病1例,类风湿性关节炎3例。在26例患者中,有19例活产,其中12例早产,7例足月分娩。宫内节育器5例,自然流产2例。19例SLE患者抗磷脂抗体阳性11例,抗心磷脂抗体阳性8例,狼疮抗凝剂阳性3例。一个婴儿被诊断为先天性心脏传导阻滞。1名婴儿在出生后2天死亡。因胎膜早破、少水、IUGR等指征剖宫产12例。正常阴道分娩6例,产钳分娩1例。结论:妊娠合并自身免疫性疾病可增加自然流产、宫内节育器、早产、小胎龄、高围产儿发病率和死亡率。在三级护理医院管理的病例有良好的会阴结果,尽管有早产和胎龄小的明确风险。
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引用次数: 0
A religion of accountability and the annihilation of divine providentialism in the last scene of hamlet: a cda perspective 《哈姆雷特》最后一幕中责任宗教与天意论的湮灭:cda视角
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/ijrsr.2017.0805.0278
Tlili Saad
This article tends to study the subversive Shakespeare’s religious discourse in the Renaissance England. An adaptive multi-disciplinary dimension of Critical Discourse Analysis (henceforth CDA) is applied to lay bare the discursive strategies appropriated by William Shakespeare to safely express his political and religious philosophy in the last scene of the play of Hamlet. This study attempts to bring together linguistic, sociocognitive, and critical metaphorical aspects in one single CDA framework. Serving methods and tools of analysis from various well-known CDA approaches such as Fairclough (1989 and 1995), Van Dijk (1993 and 2001), and the Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA henceforth) model (e.g. Lakoff and Johnson, 1980) are selected to fulfil the aims of analysis.
本文旨在研究文艺复兴时期英国莎士比亚颠覆性的宗教话语。本文运用批评性话语分析的适应性多学科维度,揭示了莎士比亚在《哈姆雷特》最后一幕安全地表达其政治和宗教哲学的话语策略。本研究试图将语言、社会认知和批判性隐喻方面整合到一个CDA框架中。本文选择了各种著名的批评性隐喻分析方法(如Fairclough(1989年和1995年)、Van Dijk(1993年和2001年)和批评性隐喻分析模型(如Lakoff和Johnson, 1980年)中的服务方法和分析工具来实现分析的目的。
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引用次数: 0
Level of customer satisfaction in terms of services offered by selected banks 客户对选定银行所提供服务的满意程度
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR.2017.0805.0277
A. Chaudhary, N. Kunwar
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引用次数: 0
Cactus pear: future holding fruit 仙人掌梨:未来的果实
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/ijrsr.2017.0805.0316
Isha Kaushik
Cactus pear, a unique and valuable plant has recently gained worldwide attention, mainly for its medicinal and nutritional potential. It is a member of the Cactaceae family, and widely cultivated in Mexico and in all American hemispheres and also found in many other parts of the world, such as Africa, Australia and the Mediterranean basin. The fruits are rich in carbohydrates, protein, organic acids, amino acids and vitamins, also contain dense contents of carotenoids, vitamin E, dietary minerals and bio-active compounds. Some of the health benefits cited for cactus pear fruit products include: anti-inflammation, antimicrobial action, pain relief, the promotion of tissue regeneration, boosting of the immune system, and protection against cancer and cardiovascular disease. There, potentially, is a wide array of products possible from cactus pear fruit for use as food, fresh fruit, nutraceuticals, pet foods, cosmetics, and skin preparations for improving the health and appearance of the skin. There is no doubt that the future holds a great promise for the cactus pear.
仙人掌梨是一种独特而珍贵的植物,近年来因其药用和营养价值而受到全世界的关注。它是仙人掌科的一员,在墨西哥和所有美洲半球广泛种植,在世界上许多其他地方也有发现,如非洲、澳大利亚和地中海盆地。水果富含碳水化合物、蛋白质、有机酸、氨基酸和维生素,还含有大量的类胡萝卜素、维生素E、膳食矿物质和生物活性化合物。仙人掌梨产品的一些健康益处包括:抗炎、抗菌、缓解疼痛、促进组织再生、增强免疫系统、预防癌症和心血管疾病。因此,仙人掌、梨果实可能被广泛用于食品、新鲜水果、营养品、宠物食品、化妆品和皮肤制剂,以改善皮肤的健康和外观。毫无疑问,仙人掌梨的未来充满了希望。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for clinical assessment of anterior malar projection in relation to midface esthetics 颧前突与中脸美学临床评价的诊断标准评价
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR.2017.0805.0266
Pati l B.C, Prakashdave, Vishwanath M Patil, Kasturi Patil, Swathi Bellam, V. Anjali
Introduction: There is a shortage of diagnostic criteria of midfaceesthetics in orthodontics literature. Orthodontists focus entirely on the premaxilla for classification of maxillary skeletal development because of difficulty in assessment of midface in lateral cephalogram. So, the lack of cephalometric landmark preclude the availability of normative data, making analysis and malar augmentation largely subjective. Aim: To determine whether visual classification of anterior malar projection using vector relationship is supported by cephalometric analysis. Material and Method: Pretreatment lateral cephalogram and profile photograph of 40 subjects were included in the study. Based on visual assessment of negative and positive vector relationships, subjects were equally divided into two groups of 20 each. Group Aexhibiting a positive vector relationship, comprised 20 subjects (10 male, 10 female). Group B displaying a negative vector relationship, comprised 20 subjects (10 male, 10 female).Toevaluate the subjects anteroposterior position of the malar eminence relative to the cranial base, SNO angulations were measured in both the groups. Mann-Whitney U-tests has been used for assessment of Gender differences and significant differences in SNO measurements between groups A and B Results: There was no statistically significant difference between genders. SNO angulations in the negative vector group were smaller than the positive vector controls by an average of 6.8 degrees. Highly significant difference were seen in anterior malar projection in patient with positive and negative vector relationship. Conclusion: Compared with subjects exhibiting a positive vector relationship, individuals displaying a negative vector relationship had significantly reduced malar support.
摘要口腔正畸学文献中缺乏面部中美诊断标准。由于侧位头颅造影难以评估中颌面,因此正畸医师对上颌骨骼发育的分类主要集中在前颌。因此,缺乏头颅测量标志排除了规范性数据的可用性,使得分析和颧骨增强在很大程度上是主观的。目的:探讨用向量关系进行颧前投影的视觉分类是否能得到头侧测量分析的支持。材料与方法:选取40例被试的预处理侧位脑电图和侧像。根据负面和正面向量关系的视觉评估,受试者平均分为两组,每组20人。a组有20名受试者(男10名,女10名),呈现正向量关系。B组为负向量关系,共20例(男10例,女10例)。为了评估受试者的颧隆起相对于颅底的前后位置,测量了两组的SNO角度。采用Mann-Whitney u检验来评估A组和B组间SNO测量的性别差异和显著性差异。结果:性别间无统计学差异。阴性载体组的SNO角度比阳性载体对照组平均小6.8度。正负向量关系患者的颧前突有显著性差异。结论:与表现为正向量关系的被试相比,表现为负向量关系的被试的颧支持显著降低。
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引用次数: 2
Optimization of biomass productivity and carbon dioxide fixation ability by freshwater microalgae scenedesmus bajacalifornicus bbklp-07, a step towards sustainable development 淡水微藻scenedesmus bajacalifornicus bbklp-07生物量生产力和二氧化碳固定能力优化,迈向可持续发展的一步
Pub Date : 2017-05-28 DOI: 10.24327/ijrsr.2017.0805.0242
Lakkanagouda Patil, B. Kaliwal
Microalgae carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration has been recognized as a promising technology in the arena of sustainable development to mitigate CO2. The objective of the present study was to optimize the culture conditions for freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus bajacalifornicus BBKLP07. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze biomass productivity (R1) and CO2 fixation (R2) of microalgae Scenedesmus bajacalifornicus BBKLP-07 cultivated on media containing varying concentrations of CO2, nitrate and phosphate at different pH conditions. The predicted second-order quadratic model for response variables was significant (p < 0.01). Additionally, predicted R-squared values 0.7111 (R1), 0.8616 (R2) of quadratic model indicated the satisfactory fit of the model. On the basis of statistical analysis of results, CO2 concentration (15%), sodium nitrate (1.75 g/l/day), Di potassium hydrogen phosphate (0.06 g/l/day) and pH 7 i.e. C15N1.75P0.06H7, was found to be the best combination for maximum biomass productivity (0.93 g/l/day) and highest carbon dioxide fixation rate (0.13 g/l/day).
微藻二氧化碳封存技术已被公认为是可持续发展领域中一项有前景的二氧化碳减排技术。本研究旨在优化淡水微藻Scenedesmus bajacalifornicus BBKLP07的培养条件。采用响应面法(RSM)分析了微藻Scenedesmus bajacalifornicus BBKLP-07在不同pH条件下不同浓度CO2、硝酸盐和磷酸盐培养基上的生物量生产力(R1)和二氧化碳固定(R2)。预测二阶二次模型的响应变量显著(p < 0.01)。二次模型的预测r平方值0.7111 (R1)、0.8616 (R2)表明模型拟合满意。结果表明,CO2浓度(15%)、硝酸钠浓度(1.75 g/l/d)、磷酸氢二钾浓度(0.06 g/l/d)和pH值(C15N1.75P0.06H7)为最佳组合,可获得最大生物量生产力(0.93 g/l/d)和最高二氧化碳固定率(0.13 g/l/d)。
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引用次数: 0
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International journal of recent scientific research
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