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Lower Limb Injuries in Sport 运动中的下肢损伤
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.566
Antonio Maestro Fernández, I. P. Muñiz, N. García, Guillermo Gutiérrez, Enrique Sanchez-Munoz, Carmen Toyos Munarriz
The practice of sports is and has been the cause of numerous injuries in various studies. The evidence that costs amounted to AUD 265 million over a seven-year study in young people and adults. Particularly notable is the substantial impact on professional sport, where losses over two seasons of the English football league have been estimated at GBP 74.7 million. The impact on the well-being and health of the people affected is even more notable in light of the fact that injury may make it impossible to engage in the activity itself or, for professional athletes, causes missed training sessions and competitions.
在各种研究中,体育运动一直是造成许多伤害的原因。有证据表明,在一项针对年轻人和成年人的为期7年的研究中,这项研究花费了2.65亿澳元。尤其值得注意的是对职业体育的巨大影响,英国足球联赛两个赛季的损失估计为7470万英镑。鉴于受伤可能使其无法参加活动本身,或者对专业运动员来说,导致错过训练和比赛,因此对受影响者的福祉和健康的影响更为显著。
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引用次数: 0
A Preliminary Overview on Ataxia: A Neurological Disease 共济失调:一种神经系统疾病
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.S2.005
P. Alikesh
Ataxia refers to the collection of neurological diseases which affect the movement. Patients who suffer with ataxia face problems with balance, swallowing as well as speech related problems etc. There could be severe affect to cerebellum due to ataxia. Ataxia can occur in any aged people. Nearly 1, 50,000 people are affected by ataxia in the United States according to a study. Cerebellum is a small region of brain which controls the movements and ataxia will become severe if any damage occurs to cerebellum. There are many reasons behind the occurrence of ataxia one of such cause is due to chronic degeneration, acute infection etc.
共济失调是指影响运动的神经系统疾病的集合。患有共济失调的患者面临平衡、吞咽以及语言相关问题等问题。共济失调对小脑有严重的影响。共济失调可能发生在任何老年人身上。根据一项研究,美国有近15万人患有共济失调。小脑是大脑中控制运动的一个小区域,如果小脑受到任何损伤,共济失调就会变得严重。共济失调的发生有很多原因,其中一个原因是由于慢性变性、急性感染等。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Compound Muscle Action Potential of Median and Ulnar Nerves: Possible Anatomical Correlation 正中、尺神经复合肌动作电位分析:可能的解剖学相关性
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.541
Naglaa A. Hussein, Emam F. Mohamed, Ehab M Elzawawy
Objective: To analyze of shape, amplitude of CMAP of both median and ulnar in normal population and to analyze the anatomical innervations of small muscles of hand in normal cadavers. Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: outpatient settings and department of anatomy at Alexandria University. Participants: 300 normal adults (82 males and 218 females) and 30 normal adult cadavers. Main outcome measures: Motor conduction study of both median and ulnar nerves for the included normal subjects. Surface recording of CMAP from thenar and hypothenar muscles respectively with analysis of the shape of the waveform and amplitude. The nerve supply of both thenar and hypothenar muscles were dissected for the included normal cadavers. The main nerve trunk (median or ulnar), the number of branches, their sizes and their sites of entering into the muscles were recorded. Results: The mean age of the studied population was 37.86 ± 8.83 (age range 19-69). The mean amplitude of the median nerve was significantly higher than that of the ulnar nerve (11.785 ± 5.0, 10.45 ± 2.96 respectively, p=0.0001). The mean distal latency of median nerve was significantly higher than that of ulnar nerve (3.38 ± 0.41 and 2.698 ± 0.40 respectively, p=0.0001). The median nerve had mostly dome shaped CMAP rather than double peaked CMAP with significant difference (p=0.0001), while the shape of CMAP of the ulnar nerve was more frequently double peaked rather than dome shaped with significant difference (p=0.0001). The mean distal latency of the median nerve was significantly longer in those with dome shaped CMAP rather than those with double peak CMAP (p=0.002). Similarly, the mean distal latency of the ulnar nerve was significantly longer in those with dome shaped CMAP compared with those with double peak CMAP (p=0.0001). There were no statistical significant differences between the amplitude of dome shaped CMAP and the double peaked CMAP in either the median or the ulnar nerve. The anatomical results showed that abductor pollicis brevis supplied by the median nerve in 90% of specimens, and by both nerves in 10%. The abductor digiti minimi brevis supplied by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve in 90% and by superficial branch of the ulnar nerve in 10%. There was a connection between the median and ulnar nerves in 50% of specimens. Conclusion: The configuration of the CMAP of the median nerve is mostly dome, whereas that of the ulnar is mostly double peaked. Variability in the pattern of innervations of the small muscle of the hand could be a possible etiological factor.
目的:分析正常人群掌中尺侧CMAP的形态、振幅,分析正常尸体手小肌的解剖神经支配。设计:横断面研究。设置:门诊设置和亚历山德里亚大学的解剖部门。参与者:300名正常成年人(82名男性,218名女性)和30名正常成人尸体。主要观察指标:正常受试者正中神经和尺神经的运动传导研究。分别记录鱼际和鱼际下肌肉的CMAP,并分析其波形形状和振幅。解剖了正常尸体的鱼际和鱼际下肌的神经供应。记录神经主干(正中或尺侧)、分支数量、大小及进入肌肉的位置。结果:研究人群平均年龄为37.86±8.83岁(年龄范围19 ~ 69岁)。正中神经的平均振幅显著高于尺神经(分别为11.785±5.0、10.45±2.96,p=0.0001)。正中神经远端平均潜伏期显著高于尺神经(分别为3.38±0.41和2.698±0.40,p=0.0001)。正中神经CMAP多呈圆顶状而非双峰状,差异有统计学意义(p=0.0001),尺神经CMAP多呈双峰状而非圆顶状,差异有统计学意义(p=0.0001)。穹状CMAP组正中神经远端潜伏期明显长于双峰CMAP组(p=0.002)。同样,穹状CMAP患者的尺神经远端平均潜伏期明显长于双峰CMAP患者(p=0.0001)。在正中神经和尺神经上,穹状CMAP与双峰CMAP的振幅差异无统计学意义。解剖结果表明,90%的标本由正中神经支配,10%的标本由两种神经支配。指外展肌由尺神经深支支配90%由尺神经浅支支配10%在50%的标本中有正中神经和尺神经之间的连接。结论:正中神经CMAP多呈圆顶型,尺神经CMAP多呈双峰型。手部小肌肉神经支配模式的变化可能是一个可能的病因。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Dynamic Strength Training to Prevent Lower Limb Injuries Among Novice Long Distance Runners: An Experimental Study 动态力量训练预防长跑新手下肢损伤的实验研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.21.8.572
Ambreen Shahzad, Khalid Aziz, S. Ali, M. Fahim, Sajid Khan
Background/Purpose: Novice long distance runners may contribute to develop common lower limb injuries related to running. Strengthening hip or knee alone does not appear to prevent these injuries. Correction of running mechanics along with proper plan of regime for strengthening of lower limb is needed. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks dynamic strength training to prevent lower limb injuries among novice long distance runners. Methods: This was an experimental study including novice runners (n=30, 18-60 years old, <2 years running experience) to evaluate the effects of dynamic strength training program specially designed under the supervision of expert physiotherapists to minimize lower limb injuries and pain. Participants were engaged in a 6-week extensive training program, three times per week using guided program comprising of various forms of exercises to strengthen their lower limb for prevention of common running injuries. Pre and Post “Knee Outcome Survey (KOS)” was measured to evaluate outcome. Results: Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADLS) pre training mean score was found to be 24.29 ± 5.9 whereas post training effects was 39.19 ± 2.45 with significant p-value of 0.000. In ADLS of KOS Pain variable outcome measure asked symptom that affects activity moderately the responses were 36.7% in pre whereas 0% after training. Weakness was responded mostly affecting activity moderately in 30% patients while after training it was reduced to 0%. Conclusion: A six-week dynamic strength training program may help to reduce lower limb injuries among novice long distance runners under the supervision of skilled physical therapist.
背景/目的:新手长跑运动员可能会发展出与跑步相关的常见下肢损伤。单靠加强髋部或膝关节似乎并不能预防这些损伤。需要对跑步力学进行修正,并制定适当的下肢强化运动方案。本研究的目的是调查6周动态力量训练对新手长距离跑步者下肢损伤的预防效果。方法:本研究采用实验方法,选取30名跑步新手(年龄18-60岁,跑步经验<2年),在专业物理治疗师的指导下,专门设计动态力量训练方案,以减少下肢损伤和疼痛。参与者参加了一项为期6周的广泛训练计划,每周三次,使用由各种形式的运动组成的指导计划来加强他们的下肢,以预防常见的跑步损伤。测量“膝关节预后调查(KOS)”前后的结果来评估结果。结果:膝关节预后调查日常生活活动量表(ADLS)训练前平均得分为24.29±5.9分,训练后平均得分为39.19±2.45分,p值为0.000。在KOS的ADLS疼痛可变结果测量中,训练前的应答率为36.7%,而训练后的应答率为0%。在30%的患者中,虚弱反应主要影响活动,而在训练后,虚弱反应减少到0%。结论:在熟练的物理治疗师的指导下,为期六周的动态力量训练计划可能有助于减少新手长跑运动员的下肢损伤。
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引用次数: 0
Importance of Physical Therapy in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury and Analysis of Muscle Strength and Gait in Multiple Sclerosis, Knee Osteoarthritis in Older Patients 物理治疗对脊髓损伤患者的重要性以及多发性硬化症、老年膝关节骨性关节炎患者肌肉力量和步态的分析
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.E124
E. Nesmith
International Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation is a bi-monthly, peer reviewed, Open access publication. It is a scientific, scholar journal for practitioners and rehabilitation researches in various medical and surgical specialties and rehabilitation disciplines. It aims to be an internationally leading journal which keeps physiatrists up-to-date by publishing clinically relevant and evidence-based research and review information on Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
国际物理医学与康复杂志是一本双月刊,同行评审,开放获取的出版物。它是一本科学的、学术性的杂志,面向各种内科、外科专业和康复学科的从业人员和康复研究。它的目标是成为一个国际领先的杂志,通过发表临床相关和循证研究和评论信息,使物理医生保持最新的物理医学和康复。
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引用次数: 0
Preliminaries Concepts of Neurogenesis in Adults: A detailed Perception 成人神经发生的初步概念:一个详细的感知
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.S2.004
M. Jonas
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引用次数: 0
Trends In The Prevalence Of COPD In Elderly Individuals In An Air-polluted City In Japan: A Cross-sectional Study 日本某空气污染城市老年人COPD患病率趋势:一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.535
Kenji Kotaki
COPD is significant reason of morbidity and mortality in both high and low economic nations. While impact of cigarette smoking is the most significant risk factor throughout the world which is to be eradicate. These open and indoor air pollutants can cause or exacerbate COPD  In high economics countries, notable air contamination occasions give clear proof that introduction to elevated levels of open air toxins is related with expanded mortality and bleakness due to COPD.
慢性阻塞性肺病是高经济国家和低经济国家发病率和死亡率的重要原因。而吸烟的影响是世界上最重要的危险因素,这是要根除的。这些露天和室内空气污染物可导致或加剧慢性阻塞性肺病。在高经济水平国家,显著的空气污染事件清楚地证明,引入高水平的露天毒素与慢性阻塞性肺病导致的死亡率和抑郁增加有关。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Core Stability Exercises with and without Physioball on Chronic Low Back Ache in Young Females: A Quasi-Experimental Study 有或没有理疗球的核心稳定性锻炼对年轻女性慢性腰痛的有效性:一项准实验研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.565
Khalid Aziz, Ghousia Shahid, Abida Arif, M. Fahim, Rabia Khan
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of core stability exercises with and without Physioball in chronic low back pain and functional ability in young female students of a private medical college. Methodology: A quasi-experimental study with non-probability convenience sampling technique from March 2019 to January 2020 carried out at Bahria University College of Physical Therapy Karachi. Inclusion was female with history of chronic mechanical and postural backache for more than 12 weeks, age 18-22 years. Exclusion criteria were those on pain killer medications for backache or having pathological back ache. Participants were divided into two groups. Group A were given core stability exercises with Physioball, which include back extension hold, sit ups and forward backward and side rolls. Group B were given core stability exercises without Physioball (Floor Mat), including superman, beetles and bridging. Three sessions per week for 6 weeks once in a day followed by warm up and cool down exercises. Pre and Post assessments through Visual Analogue Scale and The Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire Results: A total of 70 participants were included. Mean pre-assessment of group A was 4.70 ± 0.91 and postassessment was 0.96 ± 0.52 with significant p value of<0.0001. Group B pre-assessment mean score was 5.32 ± 1.52 and post-assessment mean score was 1.36 ± 0.87 with significant p value of <0.001. Group B participants showed improvement in trunk stability and balance control whereas group A observed better results. Conclusion: Core stability exercises with Physioball showed better pain management, trunk control and balance as compared with floor mat exercises.
目的:比较有物理球和无物理球的核心稳定性训练对年轻女大学生慢性腰痛和功能能力的影响。方法:2019年3月至2020年1月在卡拉奇巴利亚大学物理治疗学院采用非概率方便抽样技术进行准实验研究。纳入年龄18-22岁,有慢性机械性和体位性背痛病史超过12周的女性。排除标准是那些服用止痛药治疗背痛或有病理性背痛的人。参与者被分成两组。A组使用physiball进行核心稳定性练习,包括背部伸展、仰卧起坐、向前向后和侧滚。B组在不使用地垫的情况下进行核心稳定性训练,包括超人、甲虫和桥接。每周三次,持续6周,每天一次,然后是热身和降温练习。通过视觉模拟量表和Roland-Morris腰痛与残疾问卷进行前后评估结果:共纳入70名参与者。A组前评价平均值为4.70±0.91,后评价平均值为0.96±0.52,p值均<0.0001。B组患者评估前平均评分为5.32±1.52分,评估后平均评分为1.36±0.87分,p值均<0.001。B组的参与者在躯干稳定性和平衡控制方面有所改善,而A组的结果更好。结论:与地垫运动相比,使用physiball进行的核心稳定性运动具有更好的疼痛管理、躯干控制和平衡能力。
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引用次数: 2
Early Rehabilitation Provided by Specialized Physical Therapist in an Emergency Center Reduces Pulmonary Complications in Patients with Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study 急诊中心专业物理治疗师提供的早期康复可减少脓毒症患者的肺部并发症:一项回顾性队列研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.550
Y. Sakai, Shuhei Yamamoto, T. Karasawa, Masaaki Sato, K. Nitta, Mayumi Okada, Shota Ikegami, H. Imamura, H. Horiuchi
Early rehabilitation methods, including postural changes and respiratory physical therapies, have been shown to prevent pulmonary complications; however, strategies to prevent pulmonary complications in sepsis patients remain poorly defined. This clinical study was to evaluated if early rehabilitation provided by specialized physical therapist in an emergency center could reduce respiratory complications in sepsis patients. We evaluated sepsis patients for demographic characteristics, the number of days until rehabilitation, and the incidence of pulmonary complications. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to analyze the incidence of pulmonary complications for the study sample stratified by specialized physical therapists. Cox regression analysis examined the relationship between early rehabilitation provided by specialized physical therapists and the incidence of pulmonary complications. The number of days until rehabilitation was significantly shortened after assigning a specialized physical therapist. Assigning specialized physical therapist was significantly associated with pulmonary complications for sepsis patients and, in the multivariable model, specialized physical therapists (hazard ratio=0.34; 95%confidence interval=0.16-0.74; p=0.006) and the number of days until rehabilitation (hazard ratio=1.12; 95% confidence interval=1.08-1.19; p=0.047) were significantly associated with pulmonary complications. Early rehabilitation decreased the incidence of pulmonary complications in sepsis patients. [University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry, number UMIN000039793 (2020/3/12)].
早期康复方法,包括体位改变和呼吸物理治疗,已被证明可以预防肺部并发症;然而,预防脓毒症患者肺部并发症的策略仍然不明确。本临床研究旨在评估急诊中心专业物理治疗师提供的早期康复是否可以减少败血症患者的呼吸并发症。我们评估了脓毒症患者的人口学特征、康复天数和肺部并发症的发生率。构建Kaplan-Meier曲线来分析由专业物理治疗师分层的研究样本的肺部并发症发生率。Cox回归分析检验了专业物理治疗师提供的早期康复与肺部并发症发生率之间的关系。指派专门的物理治疗师后,康复的天数显著缩短。指定专门的物理治疗师与脓毒症患者的肺部并发症显著相关,在多变量模型中,专门的物理治疗师(风险比=0.34;95%置信区间= 0.16 - -0.74;P =0.006)和康复天数(风险比=1.12;95%置信区间=1.08-1.19;P =0.047)与肺部并发症显著相关。早期康复治疗可降低脓毒症患者肺部并发症的发生率。[大学医院医学信息网临床试验注册,编号:UMIN000039793(2020/3/12)]。
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引用次数: 0
The Effectiveness of Quadriceps Exercise, Home-Based Exercise Program and Home-Based Exercise Program in Combination with Physical Modalities for Treatment in Osteoarthritis Knee: A Randomized Control Study 股四头肌锻炼、家庭锻炼计划和家庭锻炼计划结合物理方式治疗膝骨性关节炎的有效性:一项随机对照研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-9096.20.08.567
Sangarun Dungkong
Objectives: Therapeutic exercise is one of the most commonly used non-pharmacological methods for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study proposed to compare the effectiveness of quadricep exercise, home-based exercise program and home-based exercise program in combination with physical modalities. Method: Patients with primary knee OA had been selected to receive the treatment. They were randomly allocated into three groups: Quadriceps Exercise, Home Exercise Protocol and Home Exercise Protocol with Physical Modalities. The outcomes were measured regarding six-minute walk test (6MWT) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) for pain, stiffness and function at baseline, six weeks and 12 weeks. Results: 123 patients were recruited to participate this study and randomly divided into three groups. The results show the progressive improvement of each group. The mean of 6MWT had no significant difference among the studied groups at 12 weeks. WOMAC scores of the groups were not significantly different. Conclusion: These three exercise protocols can be used for patients with osteoarthritis knee. The outcomes in terms of 6MWT and WOMAC scores were not significantly different. They were proved that the protocols allow to improve the patients’ physical performances within 12 weeks.
目的:治疗性运动是治疗膝骨关节炎(OA)最常用的非药物方法之一。本研究拟比较股四头肌运动、居家运动方案和居家运动方案结合物理方式的有效性。方法:选择原发性膝关节炎患者进行治疗。他们被随机分为三组:股四头肌锻炼组、家庭锻炼方案组和家庭锻炼方案组。在基线、6周和12周时,测量6分钟步行测试(6MWT)和西安大略省和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)的疼痛、僵硬和功能。结果:共招募123例患者参与本研究,随机分为三组。结果显示各组均有渐进式改善。12周时各组6MWT平均值无显著性差异。两组WOMAC评分差异无统计学意义。结论:三种运动方案均可用于膝关节骨性关节炎患者。6MWT和WOMAC评分的结果无显著差异。他们被证明,该方案允许在12周内改善患者的身体表现。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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