International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Phosphate Solubilisation Potential of Screened Nitrogen Fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum Strains Isolated from Nodules of Pea Plant","authors":"P. Kaur","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7842","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken to isolate Rhizobium leguminosarum strains from the nodules of Pea (Pisum sativum (L)) var AP-3 grown in the soil of Hoshiarpur. These isolated nitrogen fixing strains were also tested for their tendency to solubilize Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP) on Pikovskaya (PVK) agar, Modified Pikovskaya (MPVK) agar and National Botanical Research Institute (NBRIP agar). The halo size of R. leguminosarum SS-8 was reported to be biggest (13 mm) on NBRIP agar and the smallest (4 mm) in PVK agar. These strains were further inoculated in PVK and NBRIP broths, respectively to see their potentials to solubilize TCP. The strain R. leguminosarum SS-8 was observed to show maximum TCP solubilisation (261 μg/ml in NBRIP and 211 μg/ml in PVK broths) with maximum decrease in pH (4.14 in NBRIP and 4.20 in PVK","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78517079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cane Yield and Sugar Yield Stability in suru Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Genotypes","authors":"T. Bhor","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7753","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental material comprising of seven new genotypes along with three checks were evaluated in six environments, in Peninsular Zone, Maharashtra, India during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Mean squares due to genotypes were highly significant for cane yield (tha -1 ), CCS yield (tha -1 ), CCS%, sucrose% at harvest, NMC (‘000’ ha -1 ), ACW (kg). The genotypes PDN 13007 and PDN 13011 along with check variety CoM 0265 were found stable for cane yield (tha -1 ). The genotypes PDN 13007 and PDN 13002 along with check variety CoM 0265 was found stable for CCS yield (tha -1 ). The genotype CoVSI 05058 was found stable for CCS% and sucrose% at harvest. The check varieties Co 86032 and CoM 0265 were found below average stability for the trait NMC. Hence, the genotypes PDN 13007 and PDN 13011 promising lines could be recommended for commercial cultivation or could be suitability used in further improvement programme for cane and CCS yield.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73118295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensating Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirement of desi Wheat by Vermicompost and Azotobacter","authors":"F. Rabi","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7729","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was compensating nitrogen fertilizer requirement of desi wheat by vermicompost and Azotobacter. The experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 20172018 at the Agronomy Research Farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The soil of the experimental field is sandy loam in texture, slightly alkaline in reaction, low in organic carbon and nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and potassium. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design replicated thrice with ten treatments viz. T1 (Control) , T2 (Vermicompost @ 6 t ha -1 ) , T3 (Azotobacter + Vermicompost @ 6 t ha -1 ), T4 (30 kg N ha -1 + Vermicompost @ 3 t ha -1 ), T5 (40 kg N ha -1 + Vermicompost @ 2 t ha -1 ), T6 (50 kg N ha -1 + Vermicompost @ 1 t ha -1 ), T7 (30 kg N ha -1 + Azotobacter + Vermicompost @ 3 t ha -1 ) , T8 (40 kg N ha -1 + Azotobacter + Vermicompost @ 2 t ha -1 ), T9 (50 kg N ha -1 + Azotobacter + Vermicompost @ 1 t ha -1 ) and T10 (60 kg N ha -1 ). Among various combinations of nitrogen fertilizer, vermicompost and Azotobacter treatments T10 recorded significantly higher yield attributing characters like number of grains per spike, number of spikelets per spike and spike length, grain, straw and biological yield of desi wheat. But various treatments failed to produce any significant variation in 1000 grain weight of desi wheat.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73859251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Incidence of Whitefly and Aphid on Tomato Crop at Tarai Region of Uttrakhand","authors":"N. Rawat","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7667","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out during 2015-2016 at Vegetable Research center, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar . The trial was conducted to know the seasonal population dynamics of whitefly and aphid in tomato (Lakshmi hybrid1) and their relation to weather parameters. The results found that incidence of the Bemisia tabaci occurred from 39 th standard meteorological week (SMW) 2015 to 7 th standard meteorological week. Maximum population of whitefly was recorded during first week of October with incidence upto the last week of May. Simple correlation worked out between the weather parameters and the population of Bemisia tabaci revealed that there was non-significant negative correlation with morning relative humidity, rainfall, sunshine hours, maximum and minimum temperature but significant negative correlation with evening relative humidity. However, wind velocity exhibited a positive non-significant correlation with whitefly population during crop season while the incidence of the aphid spp was noticed from 40 th standard meteorological week (SMW) 2016 to 7 th standard meteorological week 2016. Persistent high population was noticed from 40 th to 43 rd (SMW) Simple correlation worked out between the weather parameters and population of Aphis gossypii revealed that there was non significant positive correlation with maximum and minimum temperature and sunshine hour, while maximum relative humidity, wind velocity, rainfall and minimum relative humidity showed non significant negative correlation with aphid population during crop season 2015-2016.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79741408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Newer Insecticides against Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura on Cauliflower under Laboratory Conditions","authors":"M. Ramzan","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7796","url":null,"abstract":"Cabbages and cauliflowers are the most important winter vegetables cultivated mainly in tropical and temperate areas of the globe. Armyworm, Spodoptera litura and Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella are the most economic and destructive insect pest for cabbage and cauliflower. The current study was conducted to investigate three new insecticides such as emamectin benzoate, lufenuron and profenofos against two lepidopteran insect pests; Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella at different larval instars during 2018 under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, randomized complete design and leaf dip method was used. The current study was resulted that Emamectin benzoate proved to be effective one with significantly higher level of morality followed by profenofos and lufenuron after 48 and 72 hours respectively. Emamectin benzoate can be recommended as the most toxic insecticides against both Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella populations along with profenofos.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80018914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) Genotypes for Resistance against Major Insect-Pests","authors":"Yoodarimiki Shylla","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7625","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted in the experimental farm of SASRD, Nagaland University during Kharif 2017 in order to screen soybean genotypes for resistance against major insect pests using two replications. Forty one soybean genotypes along with five check varieties were arranged in RBD. The major insect pests observed at weekly intervals were leaf webber (Anarsia ephippias), aphid (Aphis glycines), leaf hopper (Bothrogonia indistincta), Pod bug (Riptortus pedestris) and blister beetle (Mylabris phalerata). The genotypes NRC 134 (4.20 no/mrl) and JS 20-17 (0.70 no/mrl) showed highest and lowest infestation by leaf webber. Highest infestation of aphid was found on PS 1613 (21.85no/3leaf) and lowest was found on AMS 100-39 (1.50 no/3leaf). In case of leaf hopper, the highest infestation was found on NRC 137 (4.75no/3leaf) and the lowest infestation was found on DSb 34 (1.08 no/3leaf). Genotypes namely NRC 137 (5.88 no/mrl) showed highest infestation and genotype JS 21-15 (1.23 no/mrl) showed lowest infestation by blister beetle. For pod bug, genotype CSB 10112 (5.90 no/mrl) showed highest infestation and NRC 128 (0.12 no/mrl) showed lowest infestation. The highest yield was reported by TS 53 (3155 kg/ha) and lowest was NRC 131 (488.88 kg/ha). Cluster analysis was used to group line based on five major soybean insect pests (leaf webber, aphid, leaf hopper, blister beetle and pod bug) infestation levels within the site and found that Cluster V (TS 53, SL 1123, SKF-SPS-11) was considered the resistant cluster with highest yield, where the best performing genotypes were included.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80173373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Cereal Flakes from Papaya (Carica papaya L.) and it’s Quality Evaluation During Storage","authors":"S. Attri, N. Forestry","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7604","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, various treatment combinations were optimized for the preparation of papaya fruit flakes. For the standardization of papaya cereal flakes three different recipes were tried with various combinations of papaya pulp, maida flour (100 %), corn flour (100 %), maida flour and corn flour in combination (70:30) for the development of papaya cereal flakes. Papaya cereal flakes prepared by using different combinations of both flours were compared on the basis of sensory evaluation with standard recipe in which maida was used. Papaya cereal flakes (T3) prepared using papaya pulp2.5 Kg, maida and corn flour in 70:30 ratio -(220.5 +94.5) g, sucrose150 g, glucose-150 g, pectin3.65 g, water250 ml, CaCO3-3 g was rated best on the basis of sensory evaluation. Further the prepared product were packed in aluminium laminated pouches and stored for 6 months under ambient temperature conditions. The various quality characteristics such as moisture, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total sugars, reducing sugars, ash, fibre and carotenoids, were analyzed at 0, 3 and 6 months interval. The stored papaya-cereal flakes had better quality in terms of color, flavor, texture, overall acceptability and also have better retention of all quality characteristics at ambient temperature conditions. Thus papaya-cereal flakes could be stored successfully without any significant changes in quality characteristics at ambient temperature conditions for 6 months in aluminium laminated pouches.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81549380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Organic Farming Practices on Yield of Basmati Rice and Soil Properties in Rice, Wheat Cropping System","authors":"Kundan Kumar","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7745","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the management of soil organic matter is critical to maintain a productive organic farming system. No one source of nutrient usually suffices to maintain productivity and quality control in organic system. In addition, the inputs to supplement nutrient availability are often not uniform presenting additional challenges in meeting the nutrient requirement of crops in organic systems. With this concept, a field experiment was conducted at village Jahangirpur in Jewar Tehsil in Gautam Buddha Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh during 2014-2016 in rice-wheat cropping system. In this experiment, different treatments comprising organic amendments such as Blue Green Algae (BGA) 15kg/ha, SGM 10.0 tonne/ha, and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) 10.0 tonne/ha each applied alone or in combination were tested in organic crop production. These treatments were compared with absolute control (N0P0K0). For rice, a scented variety ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ were taken. The observations on grain yield, contents of Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu in rice grains, insect pest incidence, soil nutrients and microbial activity were taken. Results revealed a significant enhancement in grain yield of rice over absolute control due to the application of different organic amendments applied alone or in combinations. Rice grain yield increased by 114 to 116.8% over absolute control when all the 4 organic amendments were applied altogether. The rice grain yield (4.0 t ha-1) obtained under combined application of four organic amendments was at par with the yield recorded under recommended dose of chemical fertilizer application. An interesting observation recorded was that there was no serious attack of any insect pest or disease in organically grown crop. Soil microbial population (Actinomycetes, Bacteria, Fungi and BGA) enhanced due to the application of organic amendments in comparison to absolute control application that in turn resulted in a notable enhancement in soil dehydrogenase and phosphatase enzyme activity. Soil organic carbon and available phosphorus contents were also found to be significantly increased due to organic farming practice over control. Rice grain analysis for nutrients viz. Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu showed a significant increase in Fe and Mn content in the treatments having 2 or more organic amendments over control. Zn and Cu content also increased but the increment was significant with combined application of 2 or 3 organic amendments. The study revealed that addition of three organic amendments viz. BGA, SGM, and FYM could give the optimum yield (4.05 t/ha) of organic Basmati rice and improve grain and soil quality.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81563654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Genetic Variability for Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Local Rice Cultivars of Gudalur Valley of the Nilgiris","authors":"D. Kumaresan","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7494","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, characterization of 21 local rice genotypes was carried out for 16 DUS characters. The leaf and leaf sheath anthocyanin coloration was absent in all the genotypes. A total of eight traits viz., leaf pubescence of blade surface, leaf length of blade, leaf width of blade, flag leaf, panicle awns, panicle presence of secondary branching, panicle secondary branching and panicle exertion were dimorphic. Three traits basal leaf sheath colour, leaf intensity of green colour, culm attitude were found to be trimorphic. Remaining three traits namely flag leaf attitude of blade, panicle curvature of main axis and panicle attitude of branches were found to be tetramorphic. The genotype mundamaranellu was found to be distinct for erect culm, erect flag leaf and presence of awns and these genotypes can be used as donor for rice breeding program. The cultivars Thondi and mullampunchan (106 days) were found to be early on days to 50% flowering among all the genotypes evaluated. All genotypes exhibited significant differences for eight quantitative traits. The high PCV and GCV was recorded for plant height, number of productive tillers and single plant yield. The highest heritability and high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed in plant height, number of panicles per plant, number of productive tillers, 1000grain weight, single plant yield and these characters could be further improved by following simple selection procedure.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81744616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration (ET0) for Gird Region of Madhya Pradesh","authors":"Y. P. Singh","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7765","url":null,"abstract":"The reference evapotranspiration (ET0) for three district in Madhya Pradesh have been estimated using three evapotranspiration based methods like Hargreaves Samani, Caprio, trabert and Makkink-Hansen under local conditions. Comparison was also made between the estimated ET0 by using different evapotranspiration based method and the observed ET0 by using FAO-56PM Method. Regression analysis revealed that estimated ET0 values were highly correlated with observed ET0 values. In addition, linear regression relationships between ET0 values estimated by the Penman monteith method and other methods were determined. The result of this study shows that the travert method can be indicate the best result compression to other method and this method could be used for the estimation of ET0 values in all district in the gird region of Madhya Pradesh. Keyword: Reference Evapotranspiration by FAO-56 Penman Monteith, other ET0 methods and Gird region. Research Article Cite this article: Singh, Y. P., Mittal, H.K., Singh, P.K., & Bhakar, S.R. (2019). Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration (ET0) for Gird Region of Madhya Pradesh, Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. 7(5), 487-492. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7765 Singh et al. Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. (2019) 7(5), 487-492 ISSN: 2582 – 2845 Copyright © Sept.-Oct., 2019; IJPAB 488 The estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) involves calculating the potential evapotranspiration (ET) or the actual evapotranspiration (ET), and then applying a suitable crop coefficient (Kc). Potential ET is defined as the rate at which water would be removed from wet soil and plant surfaces expressed as the rate of latent heat transfer per unit area, or as a depth of water per unit time. ET0 is defined as the rate at which water would be removed from the soil and plant surfaces expressed as the rate of latent heat transfer per unit area, or as a depth of water per unit time evaporated and transpired from a reference crop. The use of ET0 for a specified crop surface has largely replaced the use of the more general potential crop ET. This is because of the ambiguities involved in the interpretation of potential ET. Also, the use of a reference crop ET permits a physically realistic characterization of the effect of the microclimate of a field on the evaporative transfer of water from the soilplant system to the atmospheric air layers overlying the field (Uright, 1996). Numerous scientists and specialists worldwide was developed many methods for estimating of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) over the last 50 years. These methods were subject to rigorous local calibration and proved to have limited global validity (Smith et al., 1996). Doorenbos & Pruitt (1977) adopted the concept ETc and adjusted several existing methods to yield identical ET0 estimates varying from complex energy balance techniques requiring detailed climatological data to simpler methods with limited data requirements. The accuracy of ET0 estimates depend","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84122158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}