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An Empirical Study on Factors Governing Investment of Individual Investor in Equity 个人投资者股权投资影响因素的实证研究
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.21904/WEKEN/2016/V1/I3/103457
M. Shah, Y. Dalvadi
The Indian equity market has seen a lot of fluctuations in the last decade. The BSE sensex as an indicator of the market has fluctuated from 10000 points to 21000 points and falling to 8000 points and making high of 30000 points and again now struggling to sustain around 30000 points. The Indian Equity markets are seeing inflows both from institutional investors as well as the retail investors. Even though the markets remain to be volatile but that has not deterred the investors from investing in the markets. In this context it becomes important to explore the behavioral factors that are governing investment behaviour in the Indian equity market. Equities are considered inherently riskier than investments in bonds. What makes equity investing risky? Is it because of the inconsistent performance of business behind the stock or is it because of the behavior of the market participants, who as a result of greed and fear get excessively optimistic and pessimistic about the future resulting in bull and bear phase? What are the behavioral traits that act as impediments (obstacles) in investing inequity?
印度股市在过去十年经历了多次波动。作为市场指标的BSE sensex从10000点波动到21000点,然后下降到8000点,再到30000点的高点,现在又在30000点附近挣扎。机构投资者和散户投资者都在流入印度股市。尽管市场仍然不稳定,但这并没有阻止投资者投资市场。在这种背景下,探索支配印度股票市场投资行为的行为因素变得很重要。股票被认为天生就比投资债券风险更大。是什么让股票投资有风险?是因为股票背后的商业表现不一致,还是因为市场参与者的行为,由于贪婪和恐惧,对未来过度乐观和悲观,导致了牛市和熊市的阶段?在投资不平等时,哪些行为特征会成为障碍?
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引用次数: 0
A Concept Note on Impact of Agile Software Project Management Methods in Midsized IT Product Development Companies 敏捷软件项目管理方法对中型IT产品开发公司的影响
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.21904/WEKEN/2016/V1/I3/103459
Mayanka Sharma, Iqbal Kotwal
Agile methods are very helpful in cost effective development of software, it will greatly benefit the organizations in IT field. Empirical data comparing the effectiveness and limitations of agile and non-agile approaches would greatly enhance our understanding of the true benefits and limitations of agile processes. In this study we will be analyzing traditional development methods its disadvantages and agile software development methods with its advantages' This research study will be helpful to IT companies for proper implementation of agile software methods and for maximization of profits while minimizing the cost and delivery time.
敏捷方法对软件开发的成本效益有很大的帮助,它将极大地造福于it领域的组织。比较敏捷和非敏捷方法的有效性和局限性的经验数据将极大地增强我们对敏捷过程的真正好处和局限性的理解。在本研究中,我们将分析传统开发方法的缺点和敏捷软件开发方法的优点。本研究将有助于IT公司正确实施敏捷软件方法,在最小化成本和交付时间的同时实现利润最大化。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Study of Inclusive Growth:Economic Policy Reforms and Financial Inclusion in India 包容性增长的比较研究:印度经济政策改革与金融包容性
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.21904/WEKEN/2016/V1/I3/103463
A. Mishra
Microfinance as a concept and as an issue has been perennially debatable, from the perspective of being a feasible, sustainable and progressive economic activity. This paper aims at studying the repercussions of microfinance, on the Individuals belonging to the low Income segment, with special reference to the globally successful economies and India in the Micro finance sector. The study involves an analysis of the efforts over the years by the Micro-economists and the Macro-economists to augment the escalation of the Low Income Group to the subsequent higher Income segment. This research paper examines whether the Economic Policy reforms over the years have been supportive for the growth of the Micro finance as a sector.
小额信贷作为一个概念和一个问题,从可行、可持续和进步的经济活动的角度来看,一直存在争议。本文旨在研究小额信贷对低收入人群的影响,并特别参考了全球成功的经济体和印度的小额信贷部门。这项研究分析了微观经济学家和宏观经济学家多年来为将低收入群体提升到随后的高收入阶层所做的努力。本文考察了多年来的经济政策改革是否支持了小额信贷行业的发展。
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引用次数: 0
A study of Indian Corporate Bond Market 印度公司债券市场研究
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.21904/weken/2016/v1/i3/103456
E. Khedkar
Capital Markets are the important source of fund generation for Corporate. Various instruments have been used by the corporation for the same, most popular of these being Equity Public Issues, Rights Issue, Qualified Institutional Placements, Corporate Bonds Public Issues and Private placement of Corporate Bonds. But the biggest change in traditional trends of fund generation can be seen with the introduction of Non-convertible Debentures since 2008. The public issues of NCD's have clearly replaced Public issues of Equity. Further, it has been a significant contributor in overall fund generation as well, increasing the overall resources mobilized by the corporation. The Introduction of Non-Convertible Debentures in the Capital market have been a significant reform, which has shown its effects in the last few years. The Instrument has become the most favorite instrument of the Corporation for Fund Generation through Public Issues replacing Equity issues. Equity was the most preferred source till 2003-2004 with nearly 25% contribution in overall Fund Generation. But since 2008, after the introduction of NCD's there has been a gradual replacement and in the year 2013-14 the NCD's have contributed nearly 25% in overall Fund generation with Equity is contributing just 2% including Private Issues. When it comes to fund generation only through Public Issues, Corporate Bonds have crossed 90% out of Total funds generated through Public Issues.
资本市场是企业融资的重要来源。公司为此使用了各种工具,其中最受欢迎的是股票公开发行、权利发行、合格机构配售、公司债券公开发行和公司债券的私人配售。但传统基金生成趋势的最大变化,可以从2008年以来不可转换债券(Non-convertible Debentures)的推出中看到。非传染性疾病的公共问题显然已经取代了公平的公共问题。此外,它在总体资金产生方面也起到了重要的作用,增加了公司调动的总体资源。不可转换债券在资本市场的引入是一项重大改革,在过去的几年里已经显示出它的效果。该工具已成为公司通过公开发行取代股权发行筹集资金的最受欢迎的工具。在2003-2004年之前,股权是最受欢迎的资金来源,占总基金收入的近25%。但自2008年引入非传染性基金后,非传染性基金逐渐被取代,2013-14年非传染性基金贡献了近25%的基金总量,而包括私募基金在内,股权基金的贡献仅为2%。在仅通过公开发行筹集资金的情况下,公司债券已经超过了通过公开发行筹集资金总额的90%。
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引用次数: 7
Training Need Assesment of Members of Farmer Producer Organisation and Producer Companies in India with Reference to Pune District 印度农民生产者组织和生产者公司成员的培训需求评估,以浦那地区为例
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.21904/WEKEN/2016/V1/I3/103461
Preeti Sawairam
The intervention and role of farmer producer organizations has been acknowledged as crucial for upliftment of agrarian community who are facing various challenges such as decreased land holdings, globalization, unpredictable weather conditions due to global warming, less value realization of agro produce to name a few. Inspite of the government vision for these producer companies are in many places observed to be struggling. The sustainability and business viability of these producer companies are in doubt and hence it is believed that training intervention shall help them to overcome these problems by offering certain training interventions. This study is an attempt to identify the training needs and gaps in the existing training modules. It is observed that though the respondents have expressed their satisfaction regarding training intervention in areas such as post harvest technology and market led extension but at the same time the respondent training needs for productivity enhancement, socio economic sustainability, linkages, compliances and monitoring cannot be ignored and needs to be addressed. Further as revealed by the study more than the demographic attributes prior training experiences exert an influence on the training assessment and hence need to be considered while designing the appropriate training moduls.
农民生产者组织的干预和作用被认为是提高面临各种挑战的农业社区的关键,这些挑战包括土地持有减少、全球化、全球变暖导致的不可预测的天气条件、农产品价值实现减少等等。尽管政府有这样的愿景,但在许多地方,这些生产企业被认为是在挣扎。这些生产公司的可持续性和业务生存能力令人怀疑,因此,人们认为,培训干预应通过提供某些培训干预来帮助它们克服这些问题。本研究旨在确定现有培训模块中的培训需求和差距。可以观察到,尽管受访者对收获后技术和市场主导推广等领域的培训干预表示满意,但与此同时,受访者对提高生产力、社会经济可持续性、联系、合规和监测的培训需求也不容忽视,需要加以解决。此外,正如研究所揭示的那样,以前的培训经历对培训评估的影响不仅仅是人口统计属性,因此在设计适当的培训模块时需要加以考虑。
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引用次数: 0
Economic Development in India: Scope for Job Opportunities and Skill Enhancement 印度的经济发展:就业机会和技能提升的空间
Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.21904/WEKEN/2016/V1/I3/103458
Darshan Chauhan, S. Junare
This paper attempts to identify the importance of skill development and scope for job creation in the transition phase of the demographic dividend. India is going through unique phase of demographic dividends, where it is necessary to focus all strategic policies towards the youth, so that these benefits could be seen in reality. But India's performance with regard to both education and employment has been disappointing. Mass education of youth and their gainful employment in productive jobs is central for capitalizing on India's demographic dividend. Data from World Development Index,2013 reveal that in 1999 only 63% of male students and 60% of female students who had begun grade Ist reached grade Vth. This is a lower rate than for lower middle-income countries. Creation of jobs is another area of concern. This researcher wants to analyze the efforts of Governments and window of opportunity coming due to demographic dividends. Also, researcher studied the role of entrepreneurship in the creation of jobs. This is conceptual paper based on secondary data.
本文试图确定技能发展的重要性和在人口红利的过渡阶段创造就业机会的范围。印度正在经历独特的人口红利阶段,有必要将所有战略政策的重点放在年轻人身上,这样才能在现实中看到这些好处。但印度在教育和就业方面的表现令人失望。对年轻人的大规模教育和他们在生产性工作中的有酬就业是利用印度人口红利的核心。2013年世界发展指数的数据显示,1999年从一年级开始的男学生和女学生中只有63%达到五年级。这一比例低于中低收入国家。创造就业机会是另一个值得关注的领域。这个研究者想分析政府的努力和由于人口红利而到来的机会之窗。此外,研究人员还研究了企业家精神在创造就业机会方面的作用。这是一篇基于二手数据的概念性论文。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between selected factors of motivation, employee engagement and employee performance among nurses at adventist hospital 复临医院护士动机、员工敬业度与员工绩效之关系
Pub Date : 2016-08-16 DOI: 10.14419/IJBAS.V5I3.5948
Rolyana Ferinia, Tjutju Yuniarsi, H. Disman
This study examined the relationship between selected factors of motivation, employee engagement and employee performance among nurses at Adventist Hospital. The quantitative research method of collecting data was used. The questionnaire was distributed nurses at Adventist Hospitals using cluster sampling. And Taro Yamane formula. A sample of 435 nurses was selected to fill the questionnaire. The findings showed that [1] the need for achievement significantly and positively influenced by satisfaction (β=0. 29), [2] need for achievement significantly and positively influenced by performance (β=0.15), [3] satisfaction significantly and positively influenced by advocacy (β=0.84) and [4] advocacy significantly and positively influenced by performance (β=0.60).
本研究旨在探讨复临医院护士工作动机、员工敬业度与员工绩效之关系。采用收集资料的定量研究方法。问卷采用整群抽样的方式在复临医院的护士中分发。还有山根太郎公式。选取435名护士填写问卷。研究结果表明[1]成就感的需求受到满意度的显著正向影响(β=0。[2]成就需求受到绩效的显著正向影响(β=0.15),[3]满意度受到宣传的显著正向影响(β=0.84),[4]宣传受到绩效的显著正向影响(β=0.60)。
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引用次数: 7
Application of Bethesda terminology to categorize buccal epithelial smears among petroleum station workers in Taif city, KSA 应用Bethesda术语对沙特塔伊夫市加油站工人口腔上皮涂片进行分类
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.14419/IJBAS.V5I3.6379
B. El-Esawy, A. Hafez, Abdelaty Shawky Mohamed, M. Salih
Background and Objectives: Exposure to Petroleum products has a well-established mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of some compo-nents such as benzene. Buccal mucosal cells are capable of metabolizing the carcinogenic compounds to reactive chemicals. We investigated the buccal epithelial cell cytological changes resulting from the occupational exposure to Petroleum derivatives such as benzene. Methods: Samples were obtained from 70 Petrol station workers in Taif city-KSA, examined using the Papanicolaou stained smears and categorized based on Bethesda Terminology System. Statistical analysis was carried out with the SPSS. Results: About 38.6% of petrol station workers exhibited buccal cytological changes ranging from atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) was the most frequent cytological abnormality. Buccal smears with abnormal cytological findings dominated among smokers in contrast to non-smokers with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.026). No significant associations were detected between the category of buccal cytological changes and the duration of work or the participant's age. Conclusion: Bethesda Terminology System can be efficiently applied to buccal smears. Petrol products induce precancerous epithelial changes in buccal epithelial cells indicating a potential health risk for Petrol station workers, thus annual checkup for those workers should be set as primary prevention of occupational-related cancer. Cigarette smoke is a co-factor that exacerbates the effects of Petrol derivatives.
背景和目的:接触石油产品对某些成分(如苯)具有明确的致突变性和致癌性。口腔粘膜细胞能够将致癌化合物代谢为反应性化学物质。我们研究了因职业暴露于石油衍生物如苯而引起的口腔上皮细胞细胞学变化。方法:采集沙特阿拉伯塔伊夫市70名加油站工作人员的样本,采用Papanicolaou染色涂片进行检测,并根据Bethesda术语系统进行分类。采用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果:约38.6%的加油站工作人员表现出口腔细胞学变化,范围从不典型鳞状细胞(ASC-US)到高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)。不典型鳞状细胞,不能排除高级别鳞状上皮内病变(ASC-H)是最常见的细胞学异常。口腔涂片异常细胞学检查在吸烟者和非吸烟者中占主导地位,差异有统计学意义(P = 0.026)。口腔细胞学变化的种类与工作时间或参与者的年龄之间没有明显的关联。结论:Bethesda术语系统可有效应用于口腔涂片。汽油产品可诱发口腔上皮细胞癌前病变,对加油站工作人员有潜在的健康风险,因此应将加油站工作人员的年度检查作为职业相关癌症的一级预防措施。香烟烟雾是加剧汽油衍生品影响的一个共同因素。
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引用次数: 2
Coupled points for total weakly contraction mappings via ρ-distance 通过ρ-距离的全弱收缩映射的耦合点
Pub Date : 2016-07-09 DOI: 10.14419/IJBAS.V5I3.6222
S. Abed, Hiba Adel Jabbar
In this paper, the total weakly contraction mappings and T-total weakly contraction mappings are defined with respect to ρ-distance. The concepts of mixed monotone and general mixed monotone are used to prove some theorems about coupled fixed points, common fixed point and coincidence points for these mappings in partially general b-metric spaces which equipped with ρ-distance.
本文定义了关于ρ-距离的全弱收缩映射和t -全弱收缩映射。利用混合单调和一般混合单调的概念,证明了具有ρ-距离的部分一般b-度量空间中这些映射的耦合不动点、公共不动点和重合点的定理。
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引用次数: 6
Title of the Paper:Measuring Service Quality of Public Transport Operator in Pune City, Maharashtra India Uses the Critical Incident Technique 论文题目:用关键事件技术衡量印度马哈拉施特拉邦浦那市公共交通运营商的服务质量
Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.21904/WEKEN/2016/V1/I2/98422
Mirzaei Tayebeh
This study explores the service quality of public Transporters from user's viewpoints using different techniques such as, the critical incident technique (critical incident technique), e-mail inquiries, and unstructured interviews. The researcher recruited 48 participants, 24 female and 24 male who are the frequent public Transport users. Different participants were asked to report positive and negative incidents or situations in relation to the services provided by their public Transporters mainly considering geographical area of Pune city of Maharashtra, India. This study utilized the conceptual themes of SERVQUAL, a model that has been used by many service industries for evaluating their public services. Data were collected and analyzed from e-mail inquiries and unstructured interviews. Results. Findings revealed that the positive incidents were slightly higher than the negative events. Also women transport users had more positive experiences than men. Further investigations of this study are provided. This study revealed that even though the participants reside in different areas, their positive and negative incidents reveal similar situations. Further research would be expanded to a larger study population and/or compare other public Public transport users outside the Pune. Another possibility could be could be looking the size of the Public transporters and their serving population.
本研究采用关键事件技术(critical event technique)、电子邮件查询和非结构化访谈等不同技术,从用户的角度探讨公共交通工具的服务质量。研究人员招募了48名参与者,24名女性和24名男性,他们都是公共交通的常客。不同的参与者被要求报告与他们的公共交通工具提供的服务有关的积极和消极的事件或情况,主要考虑到印度马哈拉施特拉邦浦那市的地理区域。这项研究利用了SERVQUAL的概念主题,这是许多服务行业用来评价其公共服务的一个模型。通过电子邮件查询和非结构化访谈收集和分析数据。结果。调查结果显示,积极事件略高于消极事件。此外,女性交通工具使用者比男性有更多的积极体验。本文还提供了进一步的研究。这项研究表明,尽管参与者居住在不同的地区,但他们的积极和消极事件揭示了相似的情况。进一步的研究将扩大到更大的研究人群和/或比较浦那以外的其他公共交通用户。另一种可能是考虑公共交通的规模和服务人群。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research
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