ABSTRACT Background: Anaemia is a common health problem among pregnant women in Malaysia and has a significant health consequence to mother and their infants. The provision of iron supplements and an array of health educational strategies to pregnant women are the most widely practice in Malaysia public health measures. In Malaysia currently, the implementation of health education methods and materials on anaemia in pregnancy given to the antenatal mothers differ throughout the country. The aim of this study is to develop, implement and evaluate the effects of a theory-based health educational intervention on the haemoglobin level among anaemic pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This study uses a quasi-experimental study design and conceptualized based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). It will involve two groups of antenatal mothers (control and intervention) from two health clinics in the district of Sepang, Selangor. There will be 81 pregnant women with anaemia per group that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be collected using self-administered questionnaire. The primary outcome variable is differences in haemoglobin levels between the intervention and control groups in the third trimester. Secondary outcome include knowledge regarding anaemia, HBM constructs, dietary iron intake and level of compliance towards iron supplementation. Both groups will be receiving routine antenatal care and practice. Additionally, the intervention groups will be given a validated theory-based health education intervention on anaemia in pregnancy. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis will be performed. All hypotheses tests were two-sided and level of significance was set at 0.05. Discussion: If the theory based health education intervention is effective in improving the outcome for pregnant women with anaemia, this approach could be taken into consideration to improve the anaemia in pregnancy after further research. Keywords: Anaemia, Pregnancy, Health Belief Model, Health education Intervention
{"title":"A QUASI EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HEALTH EDUCATION INTERVENTION IN MANAGING PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ANAEMIA IN SEPANG, MALAYSIA: A STUDY PROTOCOL","authors":"H. Hasneezah, A. Rosliza, M. Salmiah","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.282","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Anaemia is a common health problem among pregnant women in Malaysia and has a significant health consequence to mother and their infants. The provision of iron supplements and an array of health educational strategies to pregnant women are the most widely practice in Malaysia public health measures. In Malaysia currently, the implementation of health education methods and materials on anaemia in pregnancy given to the antenatal mothers differ throughout the country. The aim of this study is to develop, implement and evaluate the effects of a theory-based health educational intervention on the haemoglobin level among anaemic pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This study uses a quasi-experimental study design and conceptualized based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). It will involve two groups of antenatal mothers (control and intervention) from two health clinics in the district of Sepang, Selangor. There will be 81 pregnant women with anaemia per group that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be collected using self-administered questionnaire. The primary outcome variable is differences in haemoglobin levels between the intervention and control groups in the third trimester. Secondary outcome include knowledge regarding anaemia, HBM constructs, dietary iron intake and level of compliance towards iron supplementation. Both groups will be receiving routine antenatal care and practice. Additionally, the intervention groups will be given a validated theory-based health education intervention on anaemia in pregnancy. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis will be performed. All hypotheses tests were two-sided and level of significance was set at 0.05. Discussion: If the theory based health education intervention is effective in improving the outcome for pregnant women with anaemia, this approach could be taken into consideration to improve the anaemia in pregnancy after further research. Keywords: Anaemia, Pregnancy, Health Belief Model, Health education Intervention","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82583665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) infection is the most important arboviral disease in humans based on the geographical distribution, morbidity and mortality. It is transmitted by person to person by Aedes sp . In Indonesia the trend of Incidence Rate (IR) What is IR? Is it incidence rate? Please clarify. in DHF in 2015 to 2016 increased from 50.75 to 78.85 For the number, dot is usually used instead of comma sign (50.75 and 78.85). per 100.000 residents, and decreased in 2017 to 26.10 per 100.000 residents. One of the regencies with high IR of DHF in Central Java Province is Temanggung regency. In 2017, Temanggung regency was in the third position among the highest in Central Java. With the existence of cases each year, it revealed that there were endemic villages of DHF. Until June 2018, there were 56 endemic villages scattered in 19 endemic sub-districts in Temanggung Regency so that it was necessary to analyse the distribution patterns in order to predict and analyse DHF and be able to plan to prevent it. Materials and Methods: This research applied descriptive research with spatial analysis. It used secondary data taken from the Public Health Office in Temanggung regency. The data were processed spatially using the ArcGis application by overlaying an administrative map with a map of the highway and height of the region. Result: There were 35 endemic villages (62,5%) from 56 endemic villages were scattered along the main road and other roads. This could be related to population density and mobility. Based on height, WHO stated the ability of mosquitoes to survive and breed below 1000 meter above sea level (masl) What is masl? This should have been written as meter above sea level . As many as 54 (96.4%) endemic villages were at height below 1000 masl, while 2 (3.6%) villages were above 1000 masl. Conclusion: The distribution characteristics of the endemic villages in Temanggung regency follow the pattern of major highways and other roads and height below 1000 masl. Keywords: DHF, Endemic Villages, Highway Patterns, Height, Risk Factors
{"title":"SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN ENDEMIC VILLAGES IN TEMANGGUNG REGENCY INDONESIA","authors":"Diena Nur Khayati, M. S. Adi, Suhartono, Subchan","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.229","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) infection is the most important arboviral disease in humans based on the geographical distribution, morbidity and mortality. It is transmitted by person to person by Aedes sp . In Indonesia the trend of Incidence Rate (IR) What is IR? Is it incidence rate? Please clarify. in DHF in 2015 to 2016 increased from 50.75 to 78.85 For the number, dot is usually used instead of comma sign (50.75 and 78.85). per 100.000 residents, and decreased in 2017 to 26.10 per 100.000 residents. One of the regencies with high IR of DHF in Central Java Province is Temanggung regency. In 2017, Temanggung regency was in the third position among the highest in Central Java. With the existence of cases each year, it revealed that there were endemic villages of DHF. Until June 2018, there were 56 endemic villages scattered in 19 endemic sub-districts in Temanggung Regency so that it was necessary to analyse the distribution patterns in order to predict and analyse DHF and be able to plan to prevent it. Materials and Methods: This research applied descriptive research with spatial analysis. It used secondary data taken from the Public Health Office in Temanggung regency. The data were processed spatially using the ArcGis application by overlaying an administrative map with a map of the highway and height of the region. Result: There were 35 endemic villages (62,5%) from 56 endemic villages were scattered along the main road and other roads. This could be related to population density and mobility. Based on height, WHO stated the ability of mosquitoes to survive and breed below 1000 meter above sea level (masl) What is masl? This should have been written as meter above sea level . As many as 54 (96.4%) endemic villages were at height below 1000 masl, while 2 (3.6%) villages were above 1000 masl. Conclusion: The distribution characteristics of the endemic villages in Temanggung regency follow the pattern of major highways and other roads and height below 1000 masl. Keywords: DHF, Endemic Villages, Highway Patterns, Height, Risk Factors","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82768371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. G. N. Hasnida, Z. A. Haliza, J. Shawarinin, M. Ibrahim, M. N. A. Bakar
Background: Orbital abscess formation is one of the uncommon complications that occur following facial trauma. . We report a rare presentation of orbital abscess in a young adult with post closed facial fracture. Materials and Methods: a case report Result: A 19-year old man who sustained head injury and facial bones fractures without any external adnexal wounds from a road traffic accident. He developed left periorbital haematoma and decrease vision after 3 days of trauma. He was suspected to have left optic neuropathy and empirically treated with corticosteroids. However, his left vision deteriorated and developed progressive proptosis within 3 days. Serial CT scan showed new formation of left subperiosteal and intraconal abscess. Endoscopic orbital decompression and drainage of the abscess was performed. Post operatively, his vision and the proptosis improved. Orbital abscess post closed facial fracture is an unusual complication. Conclusion: High index of suspicion is necessary to diagnose this unusual presentation. Prompt treatment is essential to save the vision. Keywords: Orbital abscess, optic neuropathy, facial trauma, orbital decompression
{"title":"ORBITAL ABSCESS FOLLOWING A CLOSED FACIAL INJURY IN A YOUNG ADULT","authors":"A. G. N. Hasnida, Z. A. Haliza, J. Shawarinin, M. Ibrahim, M. N. A. Bakar","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.292","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Orbital abscess formation is one of the uncommon complications that occur following facial trauma. . We report a rare presentation of orbital abscess in a young adult with post closed facial fracture. Materials and Methods: a case report Result: A 19-year old man who sustained head injury and facial bones fractures without any external adnexal wounds from a road traffic accident. He developed left periorbital haematoma and decrease vision after 3 days of trauma. He was suspected to have left optic neuropathy and empirically treated with corticosteroids. However, his left vision deteriorated and developed progressive proptosis within 3 days. Serial CT scan showed new formation of left subperiosteal and intraconal abscess. Endoscopic orbital decompression and drainage of the abscess was performed. Post operatively, his vision and the proptosis improved. Orbital abscess post closed facial fracture is an unusual complication. Conclusion: High index of suspicion is necessary to diagnose this unusual presentation. Prompt treatment is essential to save the vision. Keywords: Orbital abscess, optic neuropathy, facial trauma, orbital decompression","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75477562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Domestic violence may occur at any stage of women’s life including during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of knowledge on domestic violence and to identify factors associated with high knowledge on domestic violence among pregnant women attending district health clinics. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among registered pregnant women attending Sepang District Health Clinics. A stratified proportionate to size sampling was used to determine sample size from each clinic, and simple random sampling was used to select respondents from the antenatal registry. Information on knowledge on domestic violence were collected using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 23, and p-value of <0.05 is considered significant. Result: A total of 300 eligible women were identified and 291 respondents consented and completed the questionnaire which yielded a response rate of 97%. Majority of the respondents were Malay (85.6%) between 20 to 40 years of age (97.9%). More than three quarters of respondents possessed high knowledge on domestic violence. Factors associated with high level of knowledge were age group of 30 years and above, Malay, having tertiary education and monthly household income of above RM3000. Predictors for high level of knowledge on domestic violence were monthly household income (MHI) between RM3000 to RM5999 (AOR 2.792, 95% CI 1.426, 5.467); and MHI RM6000 and above (AOR 2.675, 95% CI 1.080, 6.626). Conclusion: Majority of respondents have high level of knowledge on domestic violence. High monthly household income (above RM3000) is the predictor for high knowledge on domestic violence. Keywords: Domestic violence, knowledge, pregnant women, Sepang district, Health clinics.
背景:家庭暴力可能发生在妇女生命的任何阶段，包括怀孕期间。这项研究的目的是确定家庭暴力知识的普及程度，并确定在地区诊所就诊的孕妇对家庭暴力知识了解程度高的相关因素。材料和方法:在雪邦区卫生诊所登记的孕妇中进行了一项横断面研究。采用按大小比例分层抽样来确定每个诊所的样本量，并采用简单随机抽样从产前登记中选择应答者。关于家庭暴力知识的信息是通过预先测试、自我填写的问卷收集的。数据采用SPSS Version 23进行分析，p值<0.05为显著性。结果:共确定300名符合条件的女性，其中291人同意并完成问卷调查，问卷回复率为97%。大多数受访者是20至40岁的马来人(85.6%)(97.9%)。超过四分之三的受访者对家庭暴力有较高的认识。与高知识水平相关的因素是30岁及以上的年龄组，马来人，受过高等教育和每月家庭收入超过3000令吉。家庭暴力知识水平高的预测因子是家庭月收入(MHI)在3000令吉至5999令吉之间(AOR 2.792, 95% CI 1.426, 5.467);MHI在RM6000及以上(AOR 2.675, 95% CI 1.080, 6.626)。结论:大部分被调查者对家庭暴力的认知水平较高。家庭月收入高(3000令吉以上)是家庭暴力知识高的预测因子。关键词:家庭暴力，知识，孕妇，雪邦区，诊所
{"title":"PREDICTORS OF KNOWLEDGE ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING DISTRICT HEALTH CLINICS","authors":"J. Faridah, Hejar A.R","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.202","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Domestic violence may occur at any stage of women’s life including during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of knowledge on domestic violence and to identify factors associated with high knowledge on domestic violence among pregnant women attending district health clinics. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among registered pregnant women attending Sepang District Health Clinics. A stratified proportionate to size sampling was used to determine sample size from each clinic, and simple random sampling was used to select respondents from the antenatal registry. Information on knowledge on domestic violence were collected using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 23, and p-value of <0.05 is considered significant. Result: A total of 300 eligible women were identified and 291 respondents consented and completed the questionnaire which yielded a response rate of 97%. Majority of the respondents were Malay (85.6%) between 20 to 40 years of age (97.9%). More than three quarters of respondents possessed high knowledge on domestic violence. Factors associated with high level of knowledge were age group of 30 years and above, Malay, having tertiary education and monthly household income of above RM3000. Predictors for high level of knowledge on domestic violence were monthly household income (MHI) between RM3000 to RM5999 (AOR 2.792, 95% CI 1.426, 5.467); and MHI RM6000 and above (AOR 2.675, 95% CI 1.080, 6.626). Conclusion: Majority of respondents have high level of knowledge on domestic violence. High monthly household income (above RM3000) is the predictor for high knowledge on domestic violence. Keywords: Domestic violence, knowledge, pregnant women, Sepang district, Health clinics.","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90605755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hospitals are a key component of an integrated health system. Hospital planning is a very complex process . The participatory approach in hospital planning involves input from the end-users who are those who will be using the facility, and their involvement are at all stages of hospital planning, namely: the project identification, appraisal and selection, implementation (designing, construction, commissioning) and evaluation. This paper aims to review the process of hospital planning, design, and construction from the end-user’s perspective and the inherent challenges. Materials and Methods: This general review gathers the relevant articles from public domain databases, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Official reports, guidelines and grey literatures related to hospital planning, design, and construction processes and written in English were also included. Result: Hospital planning can be divided into several stages, namely the project identification stage, briefing stage, design stage, construction stage, commissioning stage, and post-occupancy evaluation stage. Throughout these stages, the end-users play both active and consultative roles to convey their needs and perspectives. The challenges of hospital planning from the end-user’s perspective are related to the changing healthcare trends, facility requirements and technological advancement. Balancing the demands of end-users and the other stakeholders is a challenging task for hospital planners. Conclusion: Hospital planning is a very complex but organised process to make sure the needs of the end-users translated well into the final product. Henceforth, the end-user’s involvement either actively or consultatively in every stage along the hospital planning processes are very important. Keywords: Hospital planning, hospital design, hospital construction, end-user.
{"title":"AN OVERVIEW OF THE END-USERS’ PERSPECTIVES IN HOSPITAL PLANNING","authors":"M. Nafis, A. Faizul, N. Asyiqin, M. H. Juni","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hospitals are a key component of an integrated health system. Hospital planning is a very complex process . The participatory approach in hospital planning involves input from the end-users who are those who will be using the facility, and their involvement are at all stages of hospital planning, namely: the project identification, appraisal and selection, implementation (designing, construction, commissioning) and evaluation. This paper aims to review the process of hospital planning, design, and construction from the end-user’s perspective and the inherent challenges. Materials and Methods: This general review gathers the relevant articles from public domain databases, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Official reports, guidelines and grey literatures related to hospital planning, design, and construction processes and written in English were also included. Result: Hospital planning can be divided into several stages, namely the project identification stage, briefing stage, design stage, construction stage, commissioning stage, and post-occupancy evaluation stage. Throughout these stages, the end-users play both active and consultative roles to convey their needs and perspectives. The challenges of hospital planning from the end-user’s perspective are related to the changing healthcare trends, facility requirements and technological advancement. Balancing the demands of end-users and the other stakeholders is a challenging task for hospital planners. Conclusion: Hospital planning is a very complex but organised process to make sure the needs of the end-users translated well into the final product. Henceforth, the end-user’s involvement either actively or consultatively in every stage along the hospital planning processes are very important. Keywords: Hospital planning, hospital design, hospital construction, end-user.","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"74 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91472292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The pattern of disease in Lamongan District shows that Lamongan is a dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) endemic area. One monitoring method related to DHF problem in Indonesia is through epidemiological surveillance. We wanted to know the understanding level of DHF program officers regarding their duties related to DHF surveillance, besides that we wanted also provided refreshing knowledge regarding DHF surveillance. Materials and Methods: Pre-experimental research with One Group Pretest- Posttest Design, carried out in February-March 2017 at the Lamongan District Health Office. Subjects were DHF Program Officers at Public Health Centers/ PHC (33 PHC) in work area of Lamongan District Health Office. Primary data was used, Questionnaire regarding DHF surveillance was used as instrument. Sign test was used, to see knowledge difference between before and after refreshing knowledge. Result: The results of this study indicate that there were differences in knowledge before and after refreshing knowledge (p value 0,000). participants in this activity were mostly male (67.6%) and overall were at age of <50 years (61.8%). Based on the results of pretest-posttest regarding DHF surveillance, it was found that mostly participants understood questions about activities that carried out when epidemiological investigation results were positive (pretest 93.9%; posttest 97.0%), because it was a routine activity conducted by DHF Program Officers. Conclusion: It is better to exchange material about latest information related to DHF through social media that has been frequently used in Lamongan District Health Office. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Refreshing Knowledge, Surveillance
{"title":"REFRESHING KNOWLEDGE ON DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER SURVEILLANCE FOR DENGUE PROGRAM OFFICERS AT PUBLIC HEALTH CENTERS","authors":"Kusuma Cutwardani, Atik Choirul Hidajah, Sigunawan","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The pattern of disease in Lamongan District shows that Lamongan is a dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) endemic area. One monitoring method related to DHF problem in Indonesia is through epidemiological surveillance. We wanted to know the understanding level of DHF program officers regarding their duties related to DHF surveillance, besides that we wanted also provided refreshing knowledge regarding DHF surveillance. Materials and Methods: Pre-experimental research with One Group Pretest- Posttest Design, carried out in February-March 2017 at the Lamongan District Health Office. Subjects were DHF Program Officers at Public Health Centers/ PHC (33 PHC) in work area of Lamongan District Health Office. Primary data was used, Questionnaire regarding DHF surveillance was used as instrument. Sign test was used, to see knowledge difference between before and after refreshing knowledge. Result: The results of this study indicate that there were differences in knowledge before and after refreshing knowledge (p value 0,000). participants in this activity were mostly male (67.6%) and overall were at age of <50 years (61.8%). Based on the results of pretest-posttest regarding DHF surveillance, it was found that mostly participants understood questions about activities that carried out when epidemiological investigation results were positive (pretest 93.9%; posttest 97.0%), because it was a routine activity conducted by DHF Program Officers. Conclusion: It is better to exchange material about latest information related to DHF through social media that has been frequently used in Lamongan District Health Office. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Refreshing Knowledge, Surveillance","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73223045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Although Bangladesh showed development in improving maternal health in the previous year, but delivery care is not advanced more. This research tried to discover the preference of place of delivery and determinants associated with delivery services at public hospitals. The purpose of this study was to observe the preference of place of delivery and to determine some factors for public medical as a place of delivery in Bangladesh. The data used in this analysis were gathered from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey’ 2014. From the analytical point of view, this study was based on percentage distribution, cross table analysis and binary logistic regression. The result explored that most of the home delivery (77.50%) took place at rural area. Among the home delivery Chittagong region (20.20%) showed the highest percentages. The people of Barisal (9.50%) went to public medical for delivery very few compare to other regions. Most of the childbirth of Dhaka region (22.90%) occurred at private clinic. Higher educated mothers (4.40%) did not like to deliver their child in home. Mothers having no formal education less went to public hospital (9.70%) and private clinic (4.40%) than others. Primary educated women had a 93% higher preference to go to public medical more than illiterate women (OR=1.930; 95% CI: 1.182-3.150). Housewife respondents (74.10%) gave birth at home mostly. Most of the home delivery (53.60%) were preferred by those mothers who had lowest wealth index. They went to public hospital (29.90%) very little in number and only 14.90% in private clinic for childbirth. Women with middle wealth status (OR= 1.989; 95% CI: 1.446-2.736) preferred to go to public hospital more than poor women. It was almost same for rich women (OR= 1.731; 95% CI: 1.297-2.309). Around 53.70% home delivery chose by those mothers who did not watching television. Respondent who were less 20 age than had 87.00% choice for home delivery. Mothers having birth order number 2-3 wanted home delivery compared to other mothers. Moreover, respondents who took no prenatal care by qualified doctor (55.30%) preferred home delivery. Otherwise they went to public medical or private clinic for delivery care. They were 67.5% higher preference to go public hospital than institutions. Access to health care in governmental medicals should be made easy. Public hospital need to grow more caring attitude for delivery. This particular area of safe delivery needs a great concern to change public attitude and raise awareness. Keywords: Place of delivery, Childbirth, Women, Mother and Bangladesh. Abbreviations: CI: Confidence Interval; OR: Odd Ratio; TBA: Traditional Birth Attendant; WHO: World Health Organization, BDHS: Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey; MDGs: Millennium development goals; MOHFW: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
{"title":"WOMEN PREFERENCE FOR PLACE OF DELIVERY IN BANGLADESH: BANGLADESH DEMOGRAPHIC HEALTH SURVEY’ 2014","authors":"A. Sarkar, Md. Nurul Islam","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.189","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although Bangladesh showed development in improving maternal health in the previous year, but delivery care is not advanced more. This research tried to discover the preference of place of delivery and determinants associated with delivery services at public hospitals. The purpose of this study was to observe the preference of place of delivery and to determine some factors for public medical as a place of delivery in Bangladesh. The data used in this analysis were gathered from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey’ 2014. From the analytical point of view, this study was based on percentage distribution, cross table analysis and binary logistic regression. The result explored that most of the home delivery (77.50%) took place at rural area. Among the home delivery Chittagong region (20.20%) showed the highest percentages. The people of Barisal (9.50%) went to public medical for delivery very few compare to other regions. Most of the childbirth of Dhaka region (22.90%) occurred at private clinic. Higher educated mothers (4.40%) did not like to deliver their child in home. Mothers having no formal education less went to public hospital (9.70%) and private clinic (4.40%) than others. Primary educated women had a 93% higher preference to go to public medical more than illiterate women (OR=1.930; 95% CI: 1.182-3.150). Housewife respondents (74.10%) gave birth at home mostly. Most of the home delivery (53.60%) were preferred by those mothers who had lowest wealth index. They went to public hospital (29.90%) very little in number and only 14.90% in private clinic for childbirth. Women with middle wealth status (OR= 1.989; 95% CI: 1.446-2.736) preferred to go to public hospital more than poor women. It was almost same for rich women (OR= 1.731; 95% CI: 1.297-2.309). Around 53.70% home delivery chose by those mothers who did not watching television. Respondent who were less 20 age than had 87.00% choice for home delivery. Mothers having birth order number 2-3 wanted home delivery compared to other mothers. Moreover, respondents who took no prenatal care by qualified doctor (55.30%) preferred home delivery. Otherwise they went to public medical or private clinic for delivery care. They were 67.5% higher preference to go public hospital than institutions. Access to health care in governmental medicals should be made easy. Public hospital need to grow more caring attitude for delivery. This particular area of safe delivery needs a great concern to change public attitude and raise awareness. Keywords: Place of delivery, Childbirth, Women, Mother and Bangladesh. Abbreviations: CI: Confidence Interval; OR: Odd Ratio; TBA: Traditional Birth Attendant; WHO: World Health Organization, BDHS: Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey; MDGs: Millennium development goals; MOHFW: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84586865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hepatitis C virus is a bloodborne virus and commonly transmitted by contaminated blood mainly via clinical procedures and intravenous drug use. However, quality design study to explore the potential risk factor for hepatitis C infection in general local population is lacking. Thus, the present study is proposed to fill the gap in the body of knowledge of the related issue. Materials and Methods: A matched hospital-based, case-control study will be conducted to identify the risk factors for hepatitis C infection. Patients with positive anti-HCV antibodies recruited from two participating tertiary hospitals will be in the case group, and controls will be those with negative serology for HCV infection that attending other specialist outpatient clinic of the same hospital where the case will be recruited. All cases and controls will be matched by gender, age (within 5 years) and ethnicity, with a ratio of one case to one control. Information on patient risk exposure will be collected using a standardised questionnaire. This study requires 291 pairs of matched case-control. Conditional logistic regression will be used for data analysis using STATA software. Expected Outcome: The conduct of proposed study will help to identify common local practice that has an association with the hepatitis C infection. It is anticipated that the study results will inform the local health authorities and policy makers on key areas to formulate cost-effective preventive programs to reduce the incidence and transmission of this virus infection in Kedah state and Malaysia. Keywords: bloodborne, hepatitis C, infection, matched case-control, risk factors.
{"title":"A STUDY PROTOCOL ON RISK FACTORS FOR HEPATITIS C INFECTION AMONG ADULT PATIENTS AT TERTIARY HOSPITALS IN KEDAH STATE","authors":"M. Suan, Salmiah, A. Azman, M. Hassan","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.266","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis C virus is a bloodborne virus and commonly transmitted by contaminated blood mainly via clinical procedures and intravenous drug use. However, quality design study to explore the potential risk factor for hepatitis C infection in general local population is lacking. Thus, the present study is proposed to fill the gap in the body of knowledge of the related issue. Materials and Methods: A matched hospital-based, case-control study will be conducted to identify the risk factors for hepatitis C infection. Patients with positive anti-HCV antibodies recruited from two participating tertiary hospitals will be in the case group, and controls will be those with negative serology for HCV infection that attending other specialist outpatient clinic of the same hospital where the case will be recruited. All cases and controls will be matched by gender, age (within 5 years) and ethnicity, with a ratio of one case to one control. Information on patient risk exposure will be collected using a standardised questionnaire. This study requires 291 pairs of matched case-control. Conditional logistic regression will be used for data analysis using STATA software. Expected Outcome: The conduct of proposed study will help to identify common local practice that has an association with the hepatitis C infection. It is anticipated that the study results will inform the local health authorities and policy makers on key areas to formulate cost-effective preventive programs to reduce the incidence and transmission of this virus infection in Kedah state and Malaysia. Keywords: bloodborne, hepatitis C, infection, matched case-control, risk factors.","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89409571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afzaal Bashir, M. M. Bashir, Muhammad R. Sohail, Lubna Mahek Muhammad Imran, S. Afzaal
Introduction: Anxiety is very common among our folks. Facial lesions, congenital as well as acquired, result in marked anxiety related to decreased self esteem and confidence particularly in females. These lesions can be addressed by plastic surgery techniques which ultimately cause significant improvement in anxiety level. The aim of the study is to find out changes in anxiety level of females with facial lesions before and after plastic surgery. Methodology: A prospective study conducted in Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan on 102 female patients having lesions on central face. Lesions were operated by plastic surgery techniques. Hamilton anxiety rating scale was applied to rate anxiety level preoperatively as well as 2 months post operatively. Patients’ satisfaction and scar quality was assessed. Data was analyzed by using SPSS. Results: A total of 102 females were included in the study of which 58 (56.86%) were having educational status above matriculation 14 (13.72%) patients from rural background, 56 (54.9%) patients were below 25 years of age and 46 (45.1%) were above 25 years of age. Forty (39.21%) patients were married while 62 (60.78%) were unmarried or single. Twenty four (23.53%) patients were having post traumatic scarring, 24 (23.53%) were with congenital lesions like CMN while 54 (52.94%) were with lipomata or dermal or inclusion cysts on face. Most of the patients (23.5%) were having lesion on medial part of cheeks. Anxiety scoring noted preoperatively was 22.76±5.846. Vancouver grading of postoperative scars was 4.56±1.798. Patients’ satisfactory level was 1-10 on visual analogue scale. A very high percentage (96%) of patients was having marked improvement in their anxiety scores after surgery. Conclusion: Lesions of face, congenital as well as acquired, can add to the baseline anxiety in females irrespective of their age, educational and socioeconomic status. Once we address these facial issues permanently, through surgical methods, the anxiety level is reduced significantly. Keywords: Anxiety, Hamilton Score, Facial lesion, Vancouver grading, Plastic Surgery
{"title":"CHANGES IN ANXIETY LEVEL OF FEMALES WITH FACIAL LESIONS BEFORE AND AFTER PLASTIC SURGERY","authors":"Afzaal Bashir, M. M. Bashir, Muhammad R. Sohail, Lubna Mahek Muhammad Imran, S. Afzaal","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anxiety is very common among our folks. Facial lesions, congenital as well as acquired, result in marked anxiety related to decreased self esteem and confidence particularly in females. These lesions can be addressed by plastic surgery techniques which ultimately cause significant improvement in anxiety level. The aim of the study is to find out changes in anxiety level of females with facial lesions before and after plastic surgery. Methodology: A prospective study conducted in Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan on 102 female patients having lesions on central face. Lesions were operated by plastic surgery techniques. Hamilton anxiety rating scale was applied to rate anxiety level preoperatively as well as 2 months post operatively. Patients’ satisfaction and scar quality was assessed. Data was analyzed by using SPSS. Results: A total of 102 females were included in the study of which 58 (56.86%) were having educational status above matriculation 14 (13.72%) patients from rural background, 56 (54.9%) patients were below 25 years of age and 46 (45.1%) were above 25 years of age. Forty (39.21%) patients were married while 62 (60.78%) were unmarried or single. Twenty four (23.53%) patients were having post traumatic scarring, 24 (23.53%) were with congenital lesions like CMN while 54 (52.94%) were with lipomata or dermal or inclusion cysts on face. Most of the patients (23.5%) were having lesion on medial part of cheeks. Anxiety scoring noted preoperatively was 22.76±5.846. Vancouver grading of postoperative scars was 4.56±1.798. Patients’ satisfactory level was 1-10 on visual analogue scale. A very high percentage (96%) of patients was having marked improvement in their anxiety scores after surgery. Conclusion: Lesions of face, congenital as well as acquired, can add to the baseline anxiety in females irrespective of their age, educational and socioeconomic status. Once we address these facial issues permanently, through surgical methods, the anxiety level is reduced significantly. Keywords: Anxiety, Hamilton Score, Facial lesion, Vancouver grading, Plastic Surgery","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"207 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73188916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder categorized by an increase in individual’s blood glucose level causing from the body’s inability to produce insulin or opposition to insulin action, or both. Based on this study is to identify the associated factors that contribute diabetes mellitus types 2. The associated factors in this study is defined as age, body mass index, total cholesterol, hypertention, incident CHD, taking lipid lowering medication and smoking status. Materials and Methods: Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted with reporting of odds ratio to establish diabetes mellitus types 2 diseases among diabetes patients in Malaysia. To explore the underlying association between diabetes mellitus types 2 and the selected explanatory variables, a set of logistic regression models is fitted in this section. Let define the following dichotomous variables for the diabetes mellitus types 2 diseases. Data were tabulated, cross-tabulated and analyzed statistically using PASW version 18. Result: From this study, body mass index is one most associated factor that contributes to diabetes mellitus type 2 where the mean of BMI is 25.91 (overweight) (OR = 1.186, 95% CI: 1.089-1.291, p-value <0.001). Blood glucose was positively related to total cholesterol level in the diabetic mellitus type 2 patients (OR = 0.991, 95% CI: 0.982-1.000, p-value <0.042), suggesting that the higher blood glucose level, the higher the total cholesterol level. Hypertension is highly significant with diabetes mellitus type 2 among patient (OR = 2.840, 95% CI: 1.559-5.175, p-value <0.001) where systolic blood presure more than 160 mm/hg. Meanwhile, a person who taking lipid lowering medication have occurred 4.029 the probability of getting diabetes mellitus type 2 (OR = 4.029, 95% CI: 1.097-14.797, p-value <0.036). Summary and Conclusion: Suitable control of these associated factors may help to decrease the rigorousness of diabetes and its associated complications. Continue work to improve the understanding of type 2 diabetes associated may assist in the development of optimal strategies for type 2 diabetes prevention with a long-term goal of addressing this major public health concern. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Logistic Regression, Associated Factors
{"title":"DETERMINING THE ASSOCIATED FACTORS RELATED TO DIABETES MELLITUS TYPES II BY USING MULTIPLE LOGISTIC REGRESSION IN MALAYSIA","authors":"A. Nawi, Z. Yudin, R. A. Rohim","doi":"10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32827/ijphcs.6.2.172","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder categorized by an increase in individual’s blood glucose level causing from the body’s inability to produce insulin or opposition to insulin action, or both. Based on this study is to identify the associated factors that contribute diabetes mellitus types 2. The associated factors in this study is defined as age, body mass index, total cholesterol, hypertention, incident CHD, taking lipid lowering medication and smoking status. Materials and Methods: Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted with reporting of odds ratio to establish diabetes mellitus types 2 diseases among diabetes patients in Malaysia. To explore the underlying association between diabetes mellitus types 2 and the selected explanatory variables, a set of logistic regression models is fitted in this section. Let define the following dichotomous variables for the diabetes mellitus types 2 diseases. Data were tabulated, cross-tabulated and analyzed statistically using PASW version 18. Result: From this study, body mass index is one most associated factor that contributes to diabetes mellitus type 2 where the mean of BMI is 25.91 (overweight) (OR = 1.186, 95% CI: 1.089-1.291, p-value <0.001). Blood glucose was positively related to total cholesterol level in the diabetic mellitus type 2 patients (OR = 0.991, 95% CI: 0.982-1.000, p-value <0.042), suggesting that the higher blood glucose level, the higher the total cholesterol level. Hypertension is highly significant with diabetes mellitus type 2 among patient (OR = 2.840, 95% CI: 1.559-5.175, p-value <0.001) where systolic blood presure more than 160 mm/hg. Meanwhile, a person who taking lipid lowering medication have occurred 4.029 the probability of getting diabetes mellitus type 2 (OR = 4.029, 95% CI: 1.097-14.797, p-value <0.036). Summary and Conclusion: Suitable control of these associated factors may help to decrease the rigorousness of diabetes and its associated complications. Continue work to improve the understanding of type 2 diabetes associated may assist in the development of optimal strategies for type 2 diabetes prevention with a long-term goal of addressing this major public health concern. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Logistic Regression, Associated Factors","PeriodicalId":14315,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78233397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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