Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607295
William B. Weeks, Ji E. Chang, José A Pagán, Elizabeth Adamson, James N. Weinstein, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
To determine whether life expectancy (LE) changes between 2000 and 2019 were associated with race, rural status, local economic prosperity, and changes in local economic prosperity, at the county level.Between 12/1/22 and 2/28/23, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 2000 and 2019 data from 3,123 United States counties. For Total, White, and Black populations, we compared LE changes for counties across the rural-urban continuum, the local economic prosperity continuum, and for counties in which local economic prosperity dramatically improved or declined.In both years, overall, across the rural-urban continuum, and for all studied populations, LE decreased with each progression from the most to least prosperous quintile (all p < 0.001); improving county prosperity between 2000–2019 was associated with greater LE gains (p < 0.001 for all).At the county level, race, rurality, and local economic distress were all associated with LE; improvements in local economic conditions were associated with accelerated LE. Policymakers should appreciate the health externalities of investing in areas experiencing poor economic prosperity if their goal is to improve population health.
{"title":"The Ecology of Economic Distress and Life Expectancy","authors":"William B. Weeks, Ji E. Chang, José A Pagán, Elizabeth Adamson, James N. Weinstein, Juan M. Lavista Ferres","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607295","url":null,"abstract":"To determine whether life expectancy (LE) changes between 2000 and 2019 were associated with race, rural status, local economic prosperity, and changes in local economic prosperity, at the county level.Between 12/1/22 and 2/28/23, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 2000 and 2019 data from 3,123 United States counties. For Total, White, and Black populations, we compared LE changes for counties across the rural-urban continuum, the local economic prosperity continuum, and for counties in which local economic prosperity dramatically improved or declined.In both years, overall, across the rural-urban continuum, and for all studied populations, LE decreased with each progression from the most to least prosperous quintile (all p < 0.001); improving county prosperity between 2000–2019 was associated with greater LE gains (p < 0.001 for all).At the county level, race, rurality, and local economic distress were all associated with LE; improvements in local economic conditions were associated with accelerated LE. Policymakers should appreciate the health externalities of investing in areas experiencing poor economic prosperity if their goal is to improve population health.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607419
V. Jolidon, J. Jubin, E. Zuercher, L. Roth, Tania Carron, Annie Oulevey Bachmann, Ingrid Gilles, Isabelle Peytremann-Bridevaux
The Swiss Cohort of Healthcare Professionals and Informal Caregivers (SCOHPICA) was created to study the career trajectories, retention intentions, and wellbeing of healthcare professionals (HCPs), addressing challenges such as staff turnover, low job satisfaction and burnout.SCOHPICA is a prospective open cohort. An electronic questionnaire was used to collect data from HCPs across multiple healthcare settings in Switzerland, encompassing the intention to stay in the profession, wellbeing, and various organizational, psychosocial, occupational and sociodemographic determinants.The first (2022) baseline sample included 1707 HCPs from over 20 professions. Notably, 13% did not intend to stay in their profession, with intermediate caregivers (24%), registered nurses (17%) and pharmacists (17%) reporting the highest rates. Pharmacists scored lowest in wellbeing. Across determinants, pharmacists, physicians, and registered nurses reported worse scores for workload and work-life balance. Nursing professions had lower scores in various determinants, including influence at work, staffing and resource adequacy, and possibilities for development.SCOHPICA will provide critical insights on HCPs’ work conditions and experiences, supporting health workforce monitoring and management, and informing policy-making to ensure high-quality healthcare delivery.
{"title":"Health Workforce Challenges: Key Findings From the Swiss Cohort of Healthcare Professionals and Informal Caregivers (SCOHPICA)","authors":"V. Jolidon, J. Jubin, E. Zuercher, L. Roth, Tania Carron, Annie Oulevey Bachmann, Ingrid Gilles, Isabelle Peytremann-Bridevaux","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607419","url":null,"abstract":"The Swiss Cohort of Healthcare Professionals and Informal Caregivers (SCOHPICA) was created to study the career trajectories, retention intentions, and wellbeing of healthcare professionals (HCPs), addressing challenges such as staff turnover, low job satisfaction and burnout.SCOHPICA is a prospective open cohort. An electronic questionnaire was used to collect data from HCPs across multiple healthcare settings in Switzerland, encompassing the intention to stay in the profession, wellbeing, and various organizational, psychosocial, occupational and sociodemographic determinants.The first (2022) baseline sample included 1707 HCPs from over 20 professions. Notably, 13% did not intend to stay in their profession, with intermediate caregivers (24%), registered nurses (17%) and pharmacists (17%) reporting the highest rates. Pharmacists scored lowest in wellbeing. Across determinants, pharmacists, physicians, and registered nurses reported worse scores for workload and work-life balance. Nursing professions had lower scores in various determinants, including influence at work, staffing and resource adequacy, and possibilities for development.SCOHPICA will provide critical insights on HCPs’ work conditions and experiences, supporting health workforce monitoring and management, and informing policy-making to ensure high-quality healthcare delivery.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607449
J. Jubin, Line Martin, Naomi Kabwiku, Philippe Delmas, Ingrid Gilles, Annie Oulevey Bachmann, Claudia Huber, Marie-Chantal Loiselle, Jessica Rassy, Francisco Sampaio, Ricardo Salgado, C. Ortoleva Bucher
Using a salutogenic approach, this study aimed to identify similarities in the protective factors of nurses’ psychological Quality of Life (QoL) and professional wellbeing (PWB) in four countries and to assess their variability over time during the COVID-19 pandemic.This multicentric study used a longitudinal design with three measurements points: Autumn 2021, spring 2022, and autumn 2022. The study consisted in a self-administered online questionnaire addressed to nurses working in hospitals. Across all measurement times, 3,310 observations were collected in France, 603 in Switzerland, 458 in Portugal, and 278 in Canada. The outcomes were psychological QoL and PWB, and several potential protective factors were used as determinants.Analyses revealed few changes over time in the outcomes. Across all countries, psychological QoL was associated positively with resilience and perceived social support, whereas PWB was associated positively with the ability to provide quality work and support from colleagues and superiors.The findings of this study highlighted the potential of several factors protective of nurses’ psychological QoL and PWB. These should be fostered through policies and measures to support nurses.
这项多中心研究采用纵向设计，有三个测量点：这项多中心研究采用纵向设计，有三个测量点：2021 年秋、2022 年春和 2022 年秋。这项多中心研究采用纵向设计，有三个测量点：2021 年秋季、2022 年春季和 2022 年秋季。研究包括一份针对在医院工作的护士的自填式在线问卷。在所有测量时间段内，共收集了法国3310份、瑞士603份、葡萄牙458份和加拿大278份观测数据。结果为心理质量和工作能力，并使用了几个潜在的保护因素作为决定因素。在所有国家中，心理 QoL 与复原力和感知到的社会支持呈正相关，而 PWB 则与提供高质量工作的能力以及同事和上级的支持呈正相关。本研究的结果强调了保护护士心理 QoL 和 PWB 的几个潜在因素，应通过支持护士的政策和措施来促进这些因素的发展。
{"title":"Protective Factors of Nurses’ Mental Health and Professional Wellbeing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Longitudinal Study","authors":"J. Jubin, Line Martin, Naomi Kabwiku, Philippe Delmas, Ingrid Gilles, Annie Oulevey Bachmann, Claudia Huber, Marie-Chantal Loiselle, Jessica Rassy, Francisco Sampaio, Ricardo Salgado, C. Ortoleva Bucher","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607449","url":null,"abstract":"Using a salutogenic approach, this study aimed to identify similarities in the protective factors of nurses’ psychological Quality of Life (QoL) and professional wellbeing (PWB) in four countries and to assess their variability over time during the COVID-19 pandemic.This multicentric study used a longitudinal design with three measurements points: Autumn 2021, spring 2022, and autumn 2022. The study consisted in a self-administered online questionnaire addressed to nurses working in hospitals. Across all measurement times, 3,310 observations were collected in France, 603 in Switzerland, 458 in Portugal, and 278 in Canada. The outcomes were psychological QoL and PWB, and several potential protective factors were used as determinants.Analyses revealed few changes over time in the outcomes. Across all countries, psychological QoL was associated positively with resilience and perceived social support, whereas PWB was associated positively with the ability to provide quality work and support from colleagues and superiors.The findings of this study highlighted the potential of several factors protective of nurses’ psychological QoL and PWB. These should be fostered through policies and measures to support nurses.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607273
Lucia Kupkovicova, Ivana Skoumalova, A. Madarasová Gecková, Z. Dankulincova Veselska
Objectives: Patient safety incidents (PSIs) are common in healthcare. Open communication facilitated by psychological safety in healthcare could contribute to the prevention of PSIs and enhance patient safety. The aim of the study was to explore medical professionals’ responses to a PSI in relation to psychological safety in Slovak healthcare.Methods: Sixteen individual semi-structured interviews with Slovak medical professionals were performed. Obtained qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the conventional content analysis method and the consensual qualitative research method.Results: We identified eight responses to a PSI from medical professionals themselves as well as their colleagues, many of which were active and with regard to ensuring patient safety (e.g., notification), but some of them were passive and ultimately threatening patients’ safety (e.g., silence). Five superiors’ responses to the PSI were identified, both positive (e.g., supportive) and negative (e.g., exaggerated, sharp).Conclusion: Medical professionals’ responses to a PSI are diverse, indicating a potential for enhancing psychological safety in healthcare.
{"title":"Medical Professionals’ Responses to a Patient Safety Incident in Healthcare","authors":"Lucia Kupkovicova, Ivana Skoumalova, A. Madarasová Gecková, Z. Dankulincova Veselska","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607273","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Patient safety incidents (PSIs) are common in healthcare. Open communication facilitated by psychological safety in healthcare could contribute to the prevention of PSIs and enhance patient safety. The aim of the study was to explore medical professionals’ responses to a PSI in relation to psychological safety in Slovak healthcare.Methods: Sixteen individual semi-structured interviews with Slovak medical professionals were performed. Obtained qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the conventional content analysis method and the consensual qualitative research method.Results: We identified eight responses to a PSI from medical professionals themselves as well as their colleagues, many of which were active and with regard to ensuring patient safety (e.g., notification), but some of them were passive and ultimately threatening patients’ safety (e.g., silence). Five superiors’ responses to the PSI were identified, both positive (e.g., supportive) and negative (e.g., exaggerated, sharp).Conclusion: Medical professionals’ responses to a PSI are diverse, indicating a potential for enhancing psychological safety in healthcare.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607346
S. Renckens, H. R. Pasman, Agnes van der Heide, B. Onwuteaka-Philipsen
Objectives: Relatives of patients who died after euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide (EAS) might need (specific) aftercare. We examined if and how physicians provide aftercare to bereaved relatives of patients who died after EAS, and which patient-, physician- and process characteristics are associated with providing aftercare.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among 127 physicians (general practitioners, clinical specialists, and elderly care physicians) in the Netherlands. Associations were examined using multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: Most physicians had had at least one follow-up conversation with bereaved relatives (77.2%). Clinical specialists less often provided aftercare compared to GPs. Also, aftercare was more often provided when the deceased had a cohabiting partner. Topics addressed during aftercare conversations included looking back on practical aspects of the EAS trajectory, the emotional experience of relatives during the EAS trajectory and relatives’ current mental wellbeing. A minority of aftercare conversations led to referral to additional care (6.3%).Conclusion: Aftercare conversations with a physician covering a wide-range of topics are likely to be valuable for all bereaved relatives, and not just for “at risk” populations typically targeted by policies and guidelines.
{"title":"Aftercare Provision for Bereaved Relatives Following Euthanasia or Physician-Assisted Suicide: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study Among Physicians","authors":"S. Renckens, H. R. Pasman, Agnes van der Heide, B. Onwuteaka-Philipsen","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607346","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Relatives of patients who died after euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide (EAS) might need (specific) aftercare. We examined if and how physicians provide aftercare to bereaved relatives of patients who died after EAS, and which patient-, physician- and process characteristics are associated with providing aftercare.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among 127 physicians (general practitioners, clinical specialists, and elderly care physicians) in the Netherlands. Associations were examined using multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: Most physicians had had at least one follow-up conversation with bereaved relatives (77.2%). Clinical specialists less often provided aftercare compared to GPs. Also, aftercare was more often provided when the deceased had a cohabiting partner. Topics addressed during aftercare conversations included looking back on practical aspects of the EAS trajectory, the emotional experience of relatives during the EAS trajectory and relatives’ current mental wellbeing. A minority of aftercare conversations led to referral to additional care (6.3%).Conclusion: Aftercare conversations with a physician covering a wide-range of topics are likely to be valuable for all bereaved relatives, and not just for “at risk” populations typically targeted by policies and guidelines.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606062
Ning Wang, Jian Cheng, Zhiwei Xu, Shuai Wang, Qiutong Wang, Xuefei Feng, Wenbiao Hu, Baohua Wang
To identify the long-term spatiotemporal trend of ozone-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) burden by sex and country and to explore potential drivers.We retrieved data of ozone-related COPD death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. We used a linear regression of natural logarithms of age-standardized rates (ASRs) with calendar year to examine the trends in ASRs and a panel regression to identify country-level factors associated with the trends.Global ozone-attributable COPD deaths increased from 117,114 to 208,342 among men and from 90,265 to 156,880 among women between 1990 and 2019. Although ASRs of ozone-related COPD death and DALY declined globally, they increased in low and low-middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions, with faster rise in women. Elevated average maximum temperature was associated with higher ozone-attributable COPD burden, while more green space was associated with lower burden.More efforts are needed in low and low-middle SDI regions, particularly for women, to diminish inter-country inequality in ozone-attributable COPD. Global warming may exacerbate the burden. Expanding green space may mitigate the burden.
我们从《2019年全球疾病负担》（Global Burden of Disease 2019）中检索了与臭氧相关的慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）死亡和残疾调整生命年（DALY）数据。我们使用年龄标准化比率（ASRs）的自然对数与日历年的线性回归来研究 ASRs 的趋势，并使用面板回归来确定与趋势相关的国家级因素。虽然全球范围内与臭氧相关的慢性阻塞性肺病死亡人数和残疾调整寿命年数都有所下降，但在社会人口指数（SDI）较低和中低的地区，死亡率和残疾调整寿命年数都有所上升，其中女性上升速度更快。平均最高气温升高与较高的臭氧导致的慢性阻塞性肺病负担有关，而较多的绿地则与较低的负担有关。在社会人口指数较低和中低的地区，需要做出更多努力，尤其是针对女性，以减少国家间在臭氧导致的慢性阻塞性肺病方面的不平等。全球变暖可能会加重这一负担。扩大绿色空间可减轻负担。
{"title":"Potential Drivers for the Spatiotemporal Patterns of the Global Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Attributable to Ambient Ozone, 1990–2019","authors":"Ning Wang, Jian Cheng, Zhiwei Xu, Shuai Wang, Qiutong Wang, Xuefei Feng, Wenbiao Hu, Baohua Wang","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1606062","url":null,"abstract":"To identify the long-term spatiotemporal trend of ozone-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) burden by sex and country and to explore potential drivers.We retrieved data of ozone-related COPD death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. We used a linear regression of natural logarithms of age-standardized rates (ASRs) with calendar year to examine the trends in ASRs and a panel regression to identify country-level factors associated with the trends.Global ozone-attributable COPD deaths increased from 117,114 to 208,342 among men and from 90,265 to 156,880 among women between 1990 and 2019. Although ASRs of ozone-related COPD death and DALY declined globally, they increased in low and low-middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions, with faster rise in women. Elevated average maximum temperature was associated with higher ozone-attributable COPD burden, while more green space was associated with lower burden.More efforts are needed in low and low-middle SDI regions, particularly for women, to diminish inter-country inequality in ozone-attributable COPD. Global warming may exacerbate the burden. Expanding green space may mitigate the burden.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607030
J. J. Mira, C. Carratalá-Munuera, María Asunción Vicente, M. Astier-Peña, Daniel García-Torres, Cristina Soriano, Alicia Sánchez-García, Elisa Chilet-Rosell, V. F. Gil-Guillen, A. López-Pineda, Virtudes Pérez-Jover
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate gender-based disparities in preventable adverse events due to low-value practices (LVPs) in primary care.Methods: A retrospective cohort study in Alicante, Spain.Results: A total of 1,516 patient records were examined, finding that older individuals and women experienced more LVP-related events. Female patients faced a higher volume of such events than males with the same health issue. Interaction analysis revealed patients treated by male physicians had more severe events, while those attended by females experienced milder ones. Adverse events were more frequent in LVPs associated with gender-based reasons.Conclusion: These results highlight the need for tailored healthcare professional awareness programs on overuse’s impact on safety. Addressing outcome differences between male and female patients should inform awareness campaigns.
{"title":"Gender Disparities in Adverse Events Resulting From Low-Value Practices in Family Practice in Spain: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"J. J. Mira, C. Carratalá-Munuera, María Asunción Vicente, M. Astier-Peña, Daniel García-Torres, Cristina Soriano, Alicia Sánchez-García, Elisa Chilet-Rosell, V. F. Gil-Guillen, A. López-Pineda, Virtudes Pérez-Jover","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607030","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate gender-based disparities in preventable adverse events due to low-value practices (LVPs) in primary care.Methods: A retrospective cohort study in Alicante, Spain.Results: A total of 1,516 patient records were examined, finding that older individuals and women experienced more LVP-related events. Female patients faced a higher volume of such events than males with the same health issue. Interaction analysis revealed patients treated by male physicians had more severe events, while those attended by females experienced milder ones. Adverse events were more frequent in LVPs associated with gender-based reasons.Conclusion: These results highlight the need for tailored healthcare professional awareness programs on overuse’s impact on safety. Addressing outcome differences between male and female patients should inform awareness campaigns.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607156
Yasaman Sadeghi, Mahdokht Naghash, H. Poustchi, Saba Alvand, Abdullah Gandomkar, Hossein Molavi Vardanjani, F. Malekzadeh, P. Boffetta, C. Abnet, Neal D. Freedman, Reza Malekzadeh, A. Etemadi
To determine the associations between waterpipe use, duration, and intensity of use with prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome and its components (increased waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting glucose, blood pressure and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).We conducted cross-sectional and prospective analyses using data from the Pars Cohort Study in southern Iran, encompassing 9,264 participants at the baseline, and 5,002 randomly selected in a repeated follow-up. We used multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, wealth score, physical activity and cigarette pack-years to report odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Among 9,264 participants, 3,119 (33.7%) had metabolic syndrome, and 3,482 (37.6%) had ever smoked waterpipe, with both more common in women than in men. In adjusted models, former waterpipe use was significantly associated with prevalence (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.23–1.68) and incidence (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19–2.06) of the metabolic syndrome while current waterpipe use was not. Past use was associated with increased risk in all components of metabolic syndrome; current use was associated with increases in all except high blood glucose and hypertension. Past waterpipe users had higher waterpipe use intensity (before quitting) in comparison with current users (2.3 vs. 2.0 waterpipes per day, p < 0.01) and had started waterpipe smoking at a younger age (27.2 vs. 30.1 years, p < 0.01).Waterpipe use was associated with metabolic syndrome and its components, especially among former users potentially due to higher intensity and earlier initiation of use.
{"title":"Prevalence and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Among Waterpipe Users","authors":"Yasaman Sadeghi, Mahdokht Naghash, H. Poustchi, Saba Alvand, Abdullah Gandomkar, Hossein Molavi Vardanjani, F. Malekzadeh, P. Boffetta, C. Abnet, Neal D. Freedman, Reza Malekzadeh, A. Etemadi","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607156","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the associations between waterpipe use, duration, and intensity of use with prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome and its components (increased waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting glucose, blood pressure and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).We conducted cross-sectional and prospective analyses using data from the Pars Cohort Study in southern Iran, encompassing 9,264 participants at the baseline, and 5,002 randomly selected in a repeated follow-up. We used multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, wealth score, physical activity and cigarette pack-years to report odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Among 9,264 participants, 3,119 (33.7%) had metabolic syndrome, and 3,482 (37.6%) had ever smoked waterpipe, with both more common in women than in men. In adjusted models, former waterpipe use was significantly associated with prevalence (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.23–1.68) and incidence (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19–2.06) of the metabolic syndrome while current waterpipe use was not. Past use was associated with increased risk in all components of metabolic syndrome; current use was associated with increases in all except high blood glucose and hypertension. Past waterpipe users had higher waterpipe use intensity (before quitting) in comparison with current users (2.3 vs. 2.0 waterpipes per day, p < 0.01) and had started waterpipe smoking at a younger age (27.2 vs. 30.1 years, p < 0.01).Waterpipe use was associated with metabolic syndrome and its components, especially among former users potentially due to higher intensity and earlier initiation of use.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607283
Romain Brisson, Jana Furstova, Lenka Sokolová, Charli Eriksson, Meyran Boniel-Nissim, P. Baďura
This repeated cross-sectional study aimed to (a) report trends in adolescents’ perceived family, friend, classmate, and teacher support, (b) estimate the extent to which each source of support related to life satisfaction across space and time, and (c) ascertain whether sociodemographic factors moderated the relationship in question.We relied on data pertaining to the 2013/14, 2017/18, and 2021/22 waves of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. The examined sample covered 44 countries and regions (n = 716,083; MAGE = 13.6; SDAGE = 1.64; 50.7% female).The level of all sources of perceived social support slightly decreased over the examined period (all ω2 < .01). Family support involved the largest association with life satisfaction (β = 0.16); friend support, the lowest one (β = 0.03). These associations varied only tenuously across space and time. Sociodemographic factors moderated the link between perceived social support and life satisfaction to a negligible-to-weak extent.Levels of perceived social support and their associations with life satisfaction subtly changed. Future research may attempt to pinpoint the macrosocial levers of these temporal dynamics.
{"title":"Trends in the Link Between Perceived Social Support and Life Satisfaction in Adolescents (2013/14–2021/22): A Cross-National Study","authors":"Romain Brisson, Jana Furstova, Lenka Sokolová, Charli Eriksson, Meyran Boniel-Nissim, P. Baďura","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607283","url":null,"abstract":"This repeated cross-sectional study aimed to (a) report trends in adolescents’ perceived family, friend, classmate, and teacher support, (b) estimate the extent to which each source of support related to life satisfaction across space and time, and (c) ascertain whether sociodemographic factors moderated the relationship in question.We relied on data pertaining to the 2013/14, 2017/18, and 2021/22 waves of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. The examined sample covered 44 countries and regions (n = 716,083; MAGE = 13.6; SDAGE = 1.64; 50.7% female).The level of all sources of perceived social support slightly decreased over the examined period (all ω2 < .01). Family support involved the largest association with life satisfaction (β = 0.16); friend support, the lowest one (β = 0.03). These associations varied only tenuously across space and time. Sociodemographic factors moderated the link between perceived social support and life satisfaction to a negligible-to-weak extent.Levels of perceived social support and their associations with life satisfaction subtly changed. Future research may attempt to pinpoint the macrosocial levers of these temporal dynamics.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607128
Ran Du, Ke Liu, Dangru Zhao, Qiyun Fang
We investigate the impact of wildfire disasters on cognitive health (i.e., thinking and language skills) in individuals aged 10 years and older using 2014 and 2018 wildfire and cognitive ability survey data from China.We distinguished wildfires in each county at different wind directions each day by exogenous wind direction changes, and analyzed the effects of wildfires on cognitive abilities through upwind and non-upwind wildfires.Our analysis shows that for every 10-unit increase in upwind wildfires compared to non-upwind wildfires, respondents’ scores on word and math tests decrease by 0.235 and 0.236 standard deviations, respectively. Furthermore, we find that the impact of wildfire on cognitive ability is more pronounced in younger individuals, and those with lower defensive expenditures experience more severe impacts. Additionally, wildfires negatively affect individuals’ cognitive abilities by generating air pollution.Wildfires significantly reduce individuals’ cognitive abilities. Two recommendations are as follows: 1) governments should follow the principle of green development, introduce relevant regulations, and increase investment in adaptive technologies. 2) Individuals should raise awareness of climate hazards preparedness and strengthen defensive protection.
{"title":"Climate Disaster and Cognitive Ability: Evidence From Wildfire","authors":"Ran Du, Ke Liu, Dangru Zhao, Qiyun Fang","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2024.1607128","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the impact of wildfire disasters on cognitive health (i.e., thinking and language skills) in individuals aged 10 years and older using 2014 and 2018 wildfire and cognitive ability survey data from China.We distinguished wildfires in each county at different wind directions each day by exogenous wind direction changes, and analyzed the effects of wildfires on cognitive abilities through upwind and non-upwind wildfires.Our analysis shows that for every 10-unit increase in upwind wildfires compared to non-upwind wildfires, respondents’ scores on word and math tests decrease by 0.235 and 0.236 standard deviations, respectively. Furthermore, we find that the impact of wildfire on cognitive ability is more pronounced in younger individuals, and those with lower defensive expenditures experience more severe impacts. Additionally, wildfires negatively affect individuals’ cognitive abilities by generating air pollution.Wildfires significantly reduce individuals’ cognitive abilities. Two recommendations are as follows: 1) governments should follow the principle of green development, introduce relevant regulations, and increase investment in adaptive technologies. 2) Individuals should raise awareness of climate hazards preparedness and strengthen defensive protection.","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141662866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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