International Journal of Public Health最新文献

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effect of sleep traits on the risk of breast cancer incidence and adverse progression and mortality.

Methods: Cohort studies measuring the relationship between sleep traits (including sleep quality and sleep duration) and breast cancer risk were eligible for inclusion. We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases for studies published between 2014 and 2024. Maximum covariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) was combined. A fixed or a randomized effect model was applied according to the heterogeneity.

Results: 34 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Low quality sleep significantly increased the risk of incidence (OR:1.09, 95%CI:1.05-1.13), adverse progression (OR:1.55,95%CI:1.51-1.59), and specific mortality (OR:1.54, 95%CI:1.50-1.58) of breast cancer. Sleep duration >9 h had a poor effect on breast cancer-specific mortality (OR:1.45,95%CI:1.02-2.04).

Conclusions: The available evidence points to sleep traits as primarily influencing progression in breast cancer patients and having a relatively small effect on breast cancer incidence. Prolonged sleep may lead to breast cancer-specific mortality, but more research is needed in the future to continue to explore the impact of sleep duration and breast cancer risk.

Objectives: This study aimed at providing the first formal cost-effectiveness evaluation of Crisis Resolution Home Treatment (CRHT) compared to hospitalization for the management of acute psychiatric crises in Switzerland.

Methods: Intervention (CRHT) and control (hospital) groups were formed based on patients' place of residence according to a quasi-experimental design. Patients were followed starting from an acute episode of care until 2 years after discharge. Effectiveness measures were variation of psychiatric symptoms between admission and discharge and number of non-readmission days. Direct costs were obtained from the Cantonal Psychiatric Clinic and patients' health insurance companies. Indirect costs were estimated based on sick leave certificates. Bootstrap resampling procedures and Cost-Effectiveness Acceptability Curves were used to assess cost differences between groups and cost-effectiveness.

Results: CRHT resulted generally less costly than hospitalization. In the treatment phase, cost-effectiveness depended on the type of psychiatric symptoms considered, while CRHT resulted highly cost-effective in the follow-up phase.

Conclusion: CRHT can be a cost-effective alternative to hospitalization for managing acute psychiatric crises in Ticino. Further research is needed to explore patients' conditions and characteristics associated with cost-effectiveness.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to synthesize existing evidence on mental health (MH) interventions for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Africa. Given the high prevalence of MH disorders in this population and barriers to care, integrating MH services within HIV care settings is explored as a potential strategy to improve patient outcomes.

Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across five databases to identify studies examining MH interventions for PLWHA in African settings. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed for intervention type, target population, and reported outcomes.

Results: Of 818 studies identified, 16 from six African countries met inclusion criteria, with Zimbabwe and South Africa leading in interventions. Most targeted depression, employing non-pharmacological approaches such as task-sharing and stepped-care models. Findings suggest integrated MH and HIV care improves MH symptoms and adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion: Despite limited studies, evidence supports the feasibility and benefits of integrating MH services into HIV care in Africa. Scaling evidence-based interventions is essential to address unmet MH needs in this population.

Objectives: To analyze global trends in smoking-related disease burden from 1990-2021 and examine associations with health workforce distribution across countries.

Methods: We analyzed smoking-related deaths and disability-adjusted life years using Global Burden of Disease 2021 data for 204 countries. Age-standardized rates were calculated for 27 geographic regions. Linear regression assessed temporal trends, while autoregressive integrated moving average models projected future burden to 2050. Correlation analyses examined relationships between 22 health workforce categories and disease burden.

Results: Globally, age-standardized death rates from smoking-related diseases increased by 12.3% from 1990-2021, with males showing higher rates than females across all regions. Middle Socio-demographic Index regions exhibited the highest burden. Pharmaceutical technicians demonstrated strong positive correlations with disease burden (r = 0.35-0.37, p < 0.001), while traditional practitioners showed negative correlations (r = -0.24 to -0.28, p < 0.001). Projections indicate continued increases through 2050.

Conclusion: Smoking-related disease burden demonstrates significant geographic and temporal variations, with distinct associations between health workforce composition and disease patterns, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the demands of older people for care services and to evaluate and position care facilities to accommodate the requirements of healthy aging.

Methods: Data on the demand for care services in Chengdu were collected. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparison analysis was used for demands analysis. Probabilistic linguistic term sets were used to assess and position facilities. Finally, the recommendations methods were provided by different demands of older people.

Results: There were four paths to produce the high demands for care services of older people. Among the six types of services, medical services, psychological counseling, and nursing services had the greatest impact, while diet conditions had the least. The older people with clear demands can select facilities by the first recommendation method, while those with unclear demands can choose from four types of facilities: recommended, non-recommended, suitable for forward-thinking customers, and suitable for concerned customers.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into older people, care facilities, and governments. The older people can choose suitable facilities by their demands, while facilities can enhance service quality accordingly. Governments can allocate resources efficiently and promote healthy aging.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cervical lesions in married women with low socioeconomic status, and the related risk factors to provide evidence for the development of cervical cancer prevention strategies.

Methods: Descriptive analysis was employed to estimate the prevalence of cervical lesions. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to investigate the association between the related variables and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

Results: Among 142,677 women aged 35-64 years, 787 (0.55%) cervical lesions were detected. Being in the age group of 35-44 years, high or technical secondary school level education, living at higher level regions of economic development, and abnormal leucorrhea were associated with increased risk of cervical lesions. Menopause was found to be protective.

Conclusion: Married women with lower socioeconomic status had a lower prevalence of cervical lesions but had a higher prevalence of cervical cancer. Those aged 35-44 years, with high or technical secondary school level education, living at higher level regions of economic development, with abnormal leucorrhea, and who were pre-menopausal were at higher risk for cervical lesions.