Pub Date : 2024-07-03eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606861
Stefano Tancredi, Bernadette W A van der Linden, Arnaud Chiolero, Stéphane Cullati, Medea Imboden, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Dirk Keidel, Melissa Witzig, Julia Dratva, Gisela Michel, Erika Harju, Irene Frank, Elsa Lorthe, Hélène Baysson, Silvia Stringhini, Christian R Kahlert, Julia B Bardoczi, Moa Lina Haller, Patricia O Chocano-Bedoya, Nicolas Rodondi, Rebecca Amati, Emiliano Albanese, Laurie Corna, Luca Crivelli, Marco Kaufmann, Anja Frei, Viktor von Wyl
Objectives: To assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and self-reported adherence to preventive measures in Switzerland during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: 4,299 participants from a digital cohort were followed between September 2020 and November 2021. Baseline equivalised disposable income and education were used as SES proxies. Adherence was assessed over time. We investigated the association between SES and adherence using multivariable mixed logistic regression, stratifying by age (below/above 65 years) and two periods (before/after June 2021, to account for changes in vaccine coverage and epidemiological situation).
Results: Adherence was high across all SES strata before June 2021. After, participants with higher equivalised disposable income were less likely to adhere to preventive measures compared to participants in the first (low) quartile [second (Adj.OR, 95% CI) (0.56, 0.37-0.85), third (0.38, 0.23-0.64), fourth (0.60, 0.36-0.98)]. We observed similar results for education.
Conclusion: No differences by SES were found during the period with high SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates and stringent measures. Following the broad availability of vaccines, lower incidence, and eased measures, differences by SES started to emerge. Our study highlights the need for contextual interpretation when assessing SES impact on adherence to preventive measures.
{"title":"Socioeconomic Status and Adherence to Preventive Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Switzerland: A Population Based Digital Cohort Analysis.","authors":"Stefano Tancredi, Bernadette W A van der Linden, Arnaud Chiolero, Stéphane Cullati, Medea Imboden, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Dirk Keidel, Melissa Witzig, Julia Dratva, Gisela Michel, Erika Harju, Irene Frank, Elsa Lorthe, Hélène Baysson, Silvia Stringhini, Christian R Kahlert, Julia B Bardoczi, Moa Lina Haller, Patricia O Chocano-Bedoya, Nicolas Rodondi, Rebecca Amati, Emiliano Albanese, Laurie Corna, Luca Crivelli, Marco Kaufmann, Anja Frei, Viktor von Wyl","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606861","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and self-reported adherence to preventive measures in Switzerland during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>4,299 participants from a digital cohort were followed between September 2020 and November 2021. Baseline equivalised disposable income and education were used as SES proxies. Adherence was assessed over time. We investigated the association between SES and adherence using multivariable mixed logistic regression, stratifying by age (below/above 65 years) and two periods (before/after June 2021, to account for changes in vaccine coverage and epidemiological situation).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence was high across all SES strata before June 2021. After, participants with higher equivalised disposable income were less likely to adhere to preventive measures compared to participants in the first (low) quartile [second (Adj.OR, 95% CI) (0.56, 0.37-0.85), third (0.38, 0.23-0.64), fourth (0.60, 0.36-0.98)]. We observed similar results for education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No differences by SES were found during the period with high SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates and stringent measures. Following the broad availability of vaccines, lower incidence, and eased measures, differences by SES started to emerge. Our study highlights the need for contextual interpretation when assessing SES impact on adherence to preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607406
Irene Carrillo, Piedad Serpa, Edgar Landa-Ramírez, Mercedes Guilabert, Yesenia Gómez-Ayala, Adriana López-Pineda, José Joaquín Mira
Objectives: To explore speaking up behaviours, barriers to openly expressing patient safety concerns, and perceived psychological safety climate in the clinical setting in which healthcare trainees from Ibero-America were receiving their practical training.
Methods: Cross-sectional survey of healthcare trainees from Colombia, Mexico, and Spain (N = 1,152). Before the field study, the Speaking Up About Patient Safety Questionnaire (SUPS-Q) was translated into Spanish and assessed for face validity. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to establish the construct validity of the instrument, and the reliability was assessed. The SUPS-Q was used to evaluate voice behaviours and the perceived psychological safety climate among Ibero-American trainees. Descriptive and frequency analyses, tests for contrasting means and proportions, and logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results: Seven hundred and seventy-one trainees had experience in clinical settings. In the previous month, 88.3% had experienced patient safety concerns, and 68.9% had prevented a colleague from making an error. More than a third had remained silent in a risky situation. Perceiving concerns, being male or nursing student, and higher scores on the encouraging environment scale were associated with speaking up.
Conclusion: Patient safety concerns were frequent among Ibero-American healthcare trainees and often silenced by personal and cultural barriers. Training in speaking up and fostering safe interprofessional spaces is crucial.
{"title":"Speaking Up About Patient Safety, Withholding Voice and Safety Climate in Clinical Settings: a Cross-Sectional Study Among Ibero-American Healthcare Students.","authors":"Irene Carrillo, Piedad Serpa, Edgar Landa-Ramírez, Mercedes Guilabert, Yesenia Gómez-Ayala, Adriana López-Pineda, José Joaquín Mira","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607406","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore speaking up behaviours, barriers to openly expressing patient safety concerns, and perceived psychological safety climate in the clinical setting in which healthcare trainees from Ibero-America were receiving their practical training.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional survey of healthcare trainees from Colombia, Mexico, and Spain (N = 1,152). Before the field study, the Speaking Up About Patient Safety Questionnaire (SUPS-Q) was translated into Spanish and assessed for face validity. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to establish the construct validity of the instrument, and the reliability was assessed. The SUPS-Q was used to evaluate voice behaviours and the perceived psychological safety climate among Ibero-American trainees. Descriptive and frequency analyses, tests for contrasting means and proportions, and logistic regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven hundred and seventy-one trainees had experience in clinical settings. In the previous month, 88.3% had experienced patient safety concerns, and 68.9% had prevented a colleague from making an error. More than a third had remained silent in a risky situation. Perceiving concerns, being male or nursing student, and higher scores on the encouraging environment scale were associated with speaking up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patient safety concerns were frequent among Ibero-American healthcare trainees and often silenced by personal and cultural barriers. Training in speaking up and fostering safe interprofessional spaces is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-28eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607539
Simon Endes, Sonja Kahlmeier, Anja Frei, Thomas Radtke, Susi Kriemler, Claudio R Nigg
{"title":"Updating and Adapting Swiss Physical Activity Guidelines: A Journey Towards Alignment With the WHO Guidelines.","authors":"Simon Endes, Sonja Kahlmeier, Anja Frei, Thomas Radtke, Susi Kriemler, Claudio R Nigg","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607539","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607539","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-28eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607303
Kai Zhang
{"title":"Digital Disability: A New Risk to Older People in Digital Societies.","authors":"Kai Zhang","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607303","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607104
Lan Thi Hoang Vu, Quyen Thi Tu Bui, Donna Shelley, Raymond Niaura, Bao Quoc Tran, Nga Quynh Pham, Lam Tuan Nguyen, Annie Chu, Angela Pratt, Chi Thi Lan Pham, Minh Van Hoang
Objectives: This study used repeated cross-sectional data from three national surveys in Vietnam to determine tobacco smoking prevalence from 2010 to 2020 and disparities among demographic and socioeconomic groups. Methods: Tobacco smoking temporal trends were estimated for individuals aged 15 and over and stratified by demographic and socioeconomic status (SES). Prevalence estimates used survey weights and 95% confidence intervals. Logistic regression models adjusted for survey sample characteristics across time were used to examine trends. Results: Tobacco smoking prevalence dropped from 23.8% in 2010 to 22.5% in 2015 and 20.8% in 2020. The adjusted OR for 2015 compared to 2010 was 0.87, and for 2020 compared to 2010 was 0.69. Smoking decreased less for employed individuals than unemployed individuals in 2020 compared to 2010. Smoking was higher in the lower SES group in all 3 years. Higher-SES households have seen a decade-long drop in tobacco use. Conclusion: This prevalence remained constant in lower SES households. This highlights the need for targeted interventions to address the specific challenges faced by lower-SES smokers and emphasizes the importance of further research to inform effective policies.
{"title":"Temporal Trends in Tobacco Smoking Prevalence During the Period 2010-2020 in Vietnam: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Lan Thi Hoang Vu, Quyen Thi Tu Bui, Donna Shelley, Raymond Niaura, Bao Quoc Tran, Nga Quynh Pham, Lam Tuan Nguyen, Annie Chu, Angela Pratt, Chi Thi Lan Pham, Minh Van Hoang","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607104","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study used repeated cross-sectional data from three national surveys in Vietnam to determine tobacco smoking prevalence from 2010 to 2020 and disparities among demographic and socioeconomic groups. <b>Methods:</b> Tobacco smoking temporal trends were estimated for individuals aged 15 and over and stratified by demographic and socioeconomic status (SES). Prevalence estimates used survey weights and 95% confidence intervals. Logistic regression models adjusted for survey sample characteristics across time were used to examine trends. <b>Results:</b> Tobacco smoking prevalence dropped from 23.8% in 2010 to 22.5% in 2015 and 20.8% in 2020. The adjusted OR for 2015 compared to 2010 was 0.87, and for 2020 compared to 2010 was 0.69. Smoking decreased less for employed individuals than unemployed individuals in 2020 compared to 2010. Smoking was higher in the lower SES group in all 3 years. Higher-SES households have seen a decade-long drop in tobacco use. <b>Conclusion:</b> This prevalence remained constant in lower SES households. This highlights the need for targeted interventions to address the specific challenges faced by lower-SES smokers and emphasizes the importance of further research to inform effective policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11236548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606625
Dimitri Prod'hom, Joëlle Rosselet Amoussou, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Noémie Cuissart de Grelle, Sydney Gaultier
Objectives: This systematised review aimed to examine European literature reporting data about adaptative skills and global external functioning of unaccompanied minors (UAMs).
Methods: We conducted a systematised screening of four databases (APA PsycINFO Ovid, Medline Ovid ALL, Embase.com and Web Of Science Core Collection) using a research strategy including social, scholarly and behavioural abilities as well as externalising problems associated with the target population of UAMs. Thirty articles were included using pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: Our review showed that despite high levels of internalising disorders, socio-behavioural and educational adjustment of UAMs remained positive. It demonstrated how this population displays a strong desire for academic success and prosocial behaviours instead of aggressivity in everyday life. Nevertheless, our review drew attention to the strong tendency of UAMs to internalise their disorders and display chronic distress and problematic behaviours which increased with time spent in the host country.
Conclusion: Our study draws attention to the risk of underestimating the real mental health needs of refugees, due to preserved external functioning combined with significant settlement pressures.
目的本系统化综述旨在研究欧洲有关孤身未成年人(UAMs)适应技能和全球外部功能的文献:我们对四个数据库(APA PsycINFO Ovid、Medline Ovid ALL、Embase.com 和 Web Of Science Core Collection)进行了系统筛选,采用的研究策略包括与孤身未成年人目标人群相关的社会、学术和行为能力以及外化问题。根据预先确定的纳入和排除标准,共纳入了 30 篇文章:我们的研究结果表明,尽管失眠症患者的内化障碍程度较高,但他们在社会行为和教育适应方面的表现仍然是积极的。综述还显示了这一群体如何在日常生活中表现出对学业成功和亲社会行为的强烈渴望,而不是攻击性行为。尽管如此,我们的研究仍提请人们注意,失调症患者极易将自己的失调症内化,并表现出长期的痛苦和问题行为,而且随着在东道国生活时间的延长,这种痛苦和问题行为也会增加:我们的研究提醒人们注意,由于难民的外部功能受到保护,再加上巨大的定居压力,他们的实际心理健康需求有可能被低估。
{"title":"Adaptative Skills and Global Functioning of Unaccompanied Migrant Minors in Europe: A Systematised Review.","authors":"Dimitri Prod'hom, Joëlle Rosselet Amoussou, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Noémie Cuissart de Grelle, Sydney Gaultier","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606625","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematised review aimed to examine European literature reporting data about adaptative skills and global external functioning of unaccompanied minors (UAMs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematised screening of four databases (APA PsycINFO Ovid, Medline Ovid ALL, Embase.com and Web Of Science Core Collection) using a research strategy including social, scholarly and behavioural abilities as well as externalising problems associated with the target population of UAMs. Thirty articles were included using pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our review showed that despite high levels of internalising disorders, socio-behavioural and educational adjustment of UAMs remained positive. It demonstrated how this population displays a strong desire for academic success and prosocial behaviours instead of aggressivity in everyday life. Nevertheless, our review drew attention to the strong tendency of UAMs to internalise their disorders and display chronic distress and problematic behaviours which increased with time spent in the host country.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study draws attention to the risk of underestimating the real mental health needs of refugees, due to preserved external functioning combined with significant settlement pressures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606387
Stefan Kohler, Till Bärnighausen, Patrick Kazonda, Germana H Leyna, Julia Lohmann, Japhet Killewo, Julia K Rohr, Laura-Marie Stieglitz, Nicolas Paul
Objectives: Chronic conditions and multimorbidity affect care needs and prevention opportunities.
Methods: We studied 2,246 men and women aged ≥40 years within the Dar es Salaam Urban Cohort Study from June 2017 to July 2018. Seventeen chronic conditions were assessed based on self-report, body and blood pressure measurement, blood tests, and screening instruments.
Results: Hypertension (51.3%), anemia (34.1%), obesity (32.2%), diabetes (31.6%), depressive symptoms (31.5%), low grip strength (21.2%), and ischemic heart disease (11.9%) were widespread. Multimorbidity was common (73.7%). Women had higher odds of obesity, ischemic heart disease, and high cholesterol (adjusted OR: 2.08-4.16) and lower odds of underweight, low grip strength, alcohol problems, and smoking (adjusted OR: 0.04-0.45). Ten years of age were associated with higher odds of low grip strength, cognitive problems, hypertension, kidney disease, chronic cough, diabetes, high cholesterol, ischemic heart disease, and multimorbidity (adjusted OR: 1.21-1.81) and lower odds of HIV infection (adjusted OR: 0.51).
Conclusion: We found a higher prevalence of multimorbidity than previously estimated for middle-aged and elderly people in sub-Saharan Africa. The chronic conditions underlying multimorbidity differed by sex.
目标慢性病和多病症会影响护理需求和预防机会:2017年6月至2018年7月,我们在达累斯萨拉姆城市队列研究中对2246名年龄≥40岁的男性和女性进行了研究。根据自我报告、身体和血压测量、血液检测和筛查工具,对17种慢性疾病进行了评估:高血压(51.3%)、贫血(34.1%)、肥胖(32.2%)、糖尿病(31.6%)、抑郁症状(31.5%)、低握力(21.2%)和缺血性心脏病(11.9%)普遍存在。多病共存现象十分普遍(73.7%)。女性患肥胖症、缺血性心脏病和高胆固醇的几率较高(调整后 OR:2.08-4.16),而体重不足、低握力、酗酒和吸烟的几率较低(调整后 OR:0.04-0.45)。10 岁与低握力、认知问题、高血压、肾病、慢性咳嗽、糖尿病、高胆固醇、缺血性心脏病和多病(调整 OR:1.21-1.81)的几率较高相关,而与感染 HIV 的几率较低(调整 OR:0.51)相关:我们发现,在撒哈拉以南非洲地区,中老年人的多病患病率高于之前的估计。多病症的慢性病因性别而异。
{"title":"Chronic Conditions and Multimorbidity Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Peri-Urban Dwellers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Stefan Kohler, Till Bärnighausen, Patrick Kazonda, Germana H Leyna, Julia Lohmann, Japhet Killewo, Julia K Rohr, Laura-Marie Stieglitz, Nicolas Paul","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606387","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Chronic conditions and multimorbidity affect care needs and prevention opportunities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 2,246 men and women aged ≥40 years within the Dar es Salaam Urban Cohort Study from June 2017 to July 2018. Seventeen chronic conditions were assessed based on self-report, body and blood pressure measurement, blood tests, and screening instruments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypertension (51.3%), anemia (34.1%), obesity (32.2%), diabetes (31.6%), depressive symptoms (31.5%), low grip strength (21.2%), and ischemic heart disease (11.9%) were widespread. Multimorbidity was common (73.7%). Women had higher odds of obesity, ischemic heart disease, and high cholesterol (adjusted OR: 2.08-4.16) and lower odds of underweight, low grip strength, alcohol problems, and smoking (adjusted OR: 0.04-0.45). Ten years of age were associated with higher odds of low grip strength, cognitive problems, hypertension, kidney disease, chronic cough, diabetes, high cholesterol, ischemic heart disease, and multimorbidity (adjusted OR: 1.21-1.81) and lower odds of HIV infection (adjusted OR: 0.51).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a higher prevalence of multimorbidity than previously estimated for middle-aged and elderly people in sub-Saharan Africa. The chronic conditions underlying multimorbidity differed by sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606825
Yoolwon Jeong, Sunghyo Seo
Objective: This study analyzed the mortality trends from avoidable causes in Korea from 1997 to 2021, to estimate its contribution to the overall mortality in different subgroups, including. Gender, age, and cause of disease.
Methods: The all-cause and avoidable mortality were presented as a time series plot and average annual percent change. Trend of avoidable mortality was also analyzed by subgroups, disease causes and the percentage attributed to each causes.
Results: The decline in avoidable mortality accounted for 82.6% of all-cause mortality reduction. Preventable mortality showed a more pronounced decline than treatable mortality, explaining 72.3% of the avoidable mortality reduction. In 1997-2001, avoidable death occurred in 72.2% (537,024 cases) of all-cause deaths, which declined to 60.0% (342,979 cases) in 2017-2021. The contribution of avoidable mortality in the decline of all-cause morality was greater in males (83.6%) than in females (79.3%).
Conclusion: The decline in avoidable mortality and its contribution to the all-cause mortality reduction implies general improvement of the population health in Korea. Nevertheless, the heterogenous trend within different subgroups warrants more equitable design and implementation of health services and policies.
{"title":"Avoidable Mortality in Korea 1997-2001: Temporal Trend and its Contribution to All-cause Mortality.","authors":"Yoolwon Jeong, Sunghyo Seo","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606825","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study analyzed the mortality trends from avoidable causes in Korea from 1997 to 2021, to estimate its contribution to the overall mortality in different subgroups, including. Gender, age, and cause of disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The all-cause and avoidable mortality were presented as a time series plot and average annual percent change. Trend of avoidable mortality was also analyzed by subgroups, disease causes and the percentage attributed to each causes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The decline in avoidable mortality accounted for 82.6% of all-cause mortality reduction. Preventable mortality showed a more pronounced decline than treatable mortality, explaining 72.3% of the avoidable mortality reduction. In 1997-2001, avoidable death occurred in 72.2% (537,024 cases) of all-cause deaths, which declined to 60.0% (342,979 cases) in 2017-2021. The contribution of avoidable mortality in the decline of all-cause morality was greater in males (83.6%) than in females (79.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The decline in avoidable mortality and its contribution to the all-cause mortality reduction implies general improvement of the population health in Korea. Nevertheless, the heterogenous trend within different subgroups warrants more equitable design and implementation of health services and policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11228162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607127
Murat Yıldırım, Zafer Güney Çağış, Juan Gómez-Salgado
Objective: Psychological capital refers to internal resources including self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience to overcome adverse life events. The current study sought to examine the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and job satisfaction and work performance in healthcare professionals. Methods: Participants were 302 healthcare professionals [48% females; M(SD)age = 34.0 (7.5)] and completed measures of intolerance of uncertainty, psychological capital, work performance, and job satisfaction. Results: The findings indicated that intolerance of uncertainty was negatively correlated with psychological capital, work performance, and job satisfaction, whereas psychological capital was positively correlated with job satisfaction and work performance. More importantly, the findings revealed that these relationships were mediated by psychological capital. Conclusion: The results provide several contributions that help to understand the role of psychological capital in the relationship between intolerance to uncertainty and job satisfaction and work performance.
{"title":"Intolerance of Uncertainty, Job Satisfaction and Work Performance in Turkish Healthcare Professionals: Mediating Role of Psychological Capital.","authors":"Murat Yıldırım, Zafer Güney Çağış, Juan Gómez-Salgado","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607127","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1607127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Psychological capital refers to internal resources including self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience to overcome adverse life events. The current study sought to examine the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and job satisfaction and work performance in healthcare professionals. <b>Methods:</b> Participants were 302 healthcare professionals [48% females; <i>M(SD)</i> <sub>age</sub> = 34.0 (7.5)] and completed measures of intolerance of uncertainty, psychological capital, work performance, and job satisfaction. <b>Results:</b> The findings indicated that intolerance of uncertainty was negatively correlated with psychological capital, work performance, and job satisfaction, whereas psychological capital was positively correlated with job satisfaction and work performance. More importantly, the findings revealed that these relationships were mediated by psychological capital. <b>Conclusion:</b> The results provide several contributions that help to understand the role of psychological capital in the relationship between intolerance to uncertainty and job satisfaction and work performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11228175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606993
Heiko Becher, Lilian Krist, Juliane Menzel, Isabel Fernholz, Thomas Keil, Gunter Kreutz, Alexander Schmidt, Fabian Streit, Stefan N Willich, Cornelia Weikert
Objectives: To investigate the association of musical activity with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A total of 3,666 participants reported their musical activity before and mental health indicators before and during the pandemic. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire, anxiety with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. The association between mental health scores and musical activities was investigated using linear regression.
Results: Within the last 12 months, 22.1% of the participants reported musical activity (15.1% singing, 14.5% playing an instrument). Individuals with frequent singing as their main musical activity had higher scores before the pandemic than non-musicians and the worsening during the pandemic was more pronounced compared to non-musicians. Instrumentalists tended to have slightly lower scores than non-musicians indicating a possible beneficial effect of playing an instrument on mental health.
Conclusion: The pandemic led to a worsening of mental health, with singers being particularly affected. Singers showed poorer mental health before the pandemic. The tendency for instrumentalists to report lower depression scores compared to non-musicians may support the hypothesis that music-making has a beneficial effect on health.
{"title":"Music-Making and Depression and Anxiety Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic-Results From the NAKO Cohort Study in Germany.","authors":"Heiko Becher, Lilian Krist, Juliane Menzel, Isabel Fernholz, Thomas Keil, Gunter Kreutz, Alexander Schmidt, Fabian Streit, Stefan N Willich, Cornelia Weikert","doi":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606993","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ijph.2024.1606993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the association of musical activity with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 3,666 participants reported their musical activity before and mental health indicators before and during the pandemic. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire, anxiety with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. The association between mental health scores and musical activities was investigated using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the last 12 months, 22.1% of the participants reported musical activity (15.1% singing, 14.5% playing an instrument). Individuals with frequent singing as their main musical activity had higher scores before the pandemic than non-musicians and the worsening during the pandemic was more pronounced compared to non-musicians. Instrumentalists tended to have slightly lower scores than non-musicians indicating a possible beneficial effect of playing an instrument on mental health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pandemic led to a worsening of mental health, with singers being particularly affected. Singers showed poorer mental health before the pandemic. The tendency for instrumentalists to report lower depression scores compared to non-musicians may support the hypothesis that music-making has a beneficial effect on health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14322,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11228560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}