Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514400038
S. Matsuyama, K. Ishii, S. Suzuki, A. Terakawa, M. Fujiwara, S. Koshio, S. Toyama, S. Ito, M. Fujisawa, T. Nagaya
We report on the development of a high-current microbeam system for wavelength-dispersive X-ray micro particle-induced X-ray emission (WDX-μ-PIXE) for chemical state mapping. The microbeam system is composed of two slits and a quadrupole doublet lens mounted on a heavy rigid support. The microbeam system is installed immediately after a switching magnet. A beam brightness of 2.4 pA⋅μm−2⋅mrad−2⋅MeV−1 is obtained at a half-divergence of 0.1 mrad. A beam current of more than 300 pA is obtained for object sizes of 40×10 μm2 with a half-divergence of 0.2 mrad, which corresponds to a beam spot size of 1×1 μm2. The calculated spot size of the beam was 1×1 μm2 and the measured spot size was 1×1.5 μm2. The WDX-μ-PIXE system with the microbeam system is now operational.
{"title":"Development of a high-current microbeam system","authors":"S. Matsuyama, K. Ishii, S. Suzuki, A. Terakawa, M. Fujiwara, S. Koshio, S. Toyama, S. Ito, M. Fujisawa, T. Nagaya","doi":"10.1142/S0129083514400038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129083514400038","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the development of a high-current microbeam system for wavelength-dispersive X-ray micro particle-induced X-ray emission (WDX-μ-PIXE) for chemical state mapping. The microbeam system is composed of two slits and a quadrupole doublet lens mounted on a heavy rigid support. The microbeam system is installed immediately after a switching magnet. A beam brightness of 2.4 pA⋅μm−2⋅mrad−2⋅MeV−1 is obtained at a half-divergence of 0.1 mrad. A beam current of more than 300 pA is obtained for object sizes of 40×10 μm2 with a half-divergence of 0.2 mrad, which corresponds to a beam spot size of 1×1 μm2. The calculated spot size of the beam was 1×1 μm2 and the measured spot size was 1×1.5 μm2. The WDX-μ-PIXE system with the microbeam system is now operational.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"3 1","pages":"101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89352159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S012908351440004X
S. Toyama, S. Matsuyama, K. Ishii, A. Terakawa, K. Kasahara, D. Sata, S. Itoh, T. Tanimukai, J. Uegaki, T. Tada
In this paper, we have developed a wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer microparticle-induced X-ray emission (WDX-μ-PIXE) system combining a microbeam system with high spatial resolution and wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) spectrometry with high-energy resolution for chemical state mapping. A Von Hamos geometry was used for the WDX system to achieve higher detection efficiency and energy resolution. The system consists of a curved crystal and a CCD camera. The WDX system was installed in a newly developed microbeam system. The energy resolution of the WDX system was 0.67 eV for Si-Kα1 (1740 eV). Si-Kα1,2 and Si-Kβ X-ray spectra from various Si compounds were measured and chemical shifts related to chemical states were clearly observed. The system was applied to the chemical state analysis of clay particles. After elemental mapping of the clay particles using a conventional μ-PIXE system with a Si(Li) detector, particles to be analyzed were selected and analyzed sequentially with the WDX system. Si-Kβ spectra from clay particles were obtained. The microscopic spatial distribution of elements and chemical state of the clay particles were sequentially measured with high energy and spatial resolution using a microbeam.
本文将高空间分辨率的微光束系统与高能量分辨率的波长色散x射线(WDX)光谱技术相结合，开发了一种用于化学态作图的波长色散x射线光谱仪(WDX-μ-PIXE)系统。WDX系统采用Von Hamos几何结构，以实现更高的检测效率和能量分辨率。该系统由曲面晶体和CCD相机组成。WDX系统安装在新开发的微束系统中。WDX体系的si - k - α1 (1740 eV)的能量分辨率为0.67 eV。测定了不同Si化合物的Si- k α1、2和Si- k β的x射线光谱，并清楚地观察到与化学态相关的化学位移。该系统已应用于粘土颗粒的化学状态分析。采用常规μ-PIXE系统和Si(Li)探测器对粘土颗粒进行元素映射后，选择待分析颗粒，用WDX系统依次分析。得到了粘土颗粒的Si-Kβ光谱。利用微束高能量和空间分辨率连续测量了粘土颗粒的元素微观空间分布和化学状态。
{"title":"Development of a WDX-μ-PIXE system for chemical state mapping","authors":"S. Toyama, S. Matsuyama, K. Ishii, A. Terakawa, K. Kasahara, D. Sata, S. Itoh, T. Tanimukai, J. Uegaki, T. Tada","doi":"10.1142/S012908351440004X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S012908351440004X","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have developed a wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer microparticle-induced X-ray emission (WDX-μ-PIXE) system combining a microbeam system with high spatial resolution and wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) spectrometry with high-energy resolution for chemical state mapping. A Von Hamos geometry was used for the WDX system to achieve higher detection efficiency and energy resolution. The system consists of a curved crystal and a CCD camera. The WDX system was installed in a newly developed microbeam system. The energy resolution of the WDX system was 0.67 eV for Si-Kα1 (1740 eV). Si-Kα1,2 and Si-Kβ X-ray spectra from various Si compounds were measured and chemical shifts related to chemical states were clearly observed. The system was applied to the chemical state analysis of clay particles. After elemental mapping of the clay particles using a conventional μ-PIXE system with a Si(Li) detector, particles to be analyzed were selected and analyzed sequentially with the WDX system. Si-Kβ spectra from clay particles were obtained. The microscopic spatial distribution of elements and chemical state of the clay particles were sequentially measured with high energy and spatial resolution using a microbeam.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"82 1","pages":"111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76730001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514500028
S. Koshio, K. Ishii, S. Matsuyama, A. Terakawa, M. Fujiwara, K. Watanabe, S. Oshikawa, K. Kikuchi, S. Itoh, K. Kasahara, S. Toyama, Yoshio Suzuki, T. Matsuyama, T. Kamiya, T. Satoh, M. Koka, A. Kitamura
We used micro-PIXE to investigate the distribution of Cs and Rb in rice grains. We succeeded, for the first time, in measuring the elemental distributions in entire rice grains (with dimensions of 6.25 mm × 6.25 mm) at micrometer spatial resolution. We found that Cs and Rb accumulated in the bran and germ of the rice. The distributions of P, K, Rb and Cs were similar within the rice grain. The concentrations of Cs and Rb in the rice were proportional to those in the soil, as well as to the exposure time. The uptake of Rb was significantly larger than that of Cs. Furthermore, the behavior of Rb was similar to that of Cs in the micrometer-scale regions in plants. It follows that the distribution of Rb can be used to investigate the behavior of radioactive Cs in plants.
利用微pixe技术研究了Cs和Rb在水稻籽粒中的分布。我们首次成功地在微米空间分辨率下测量了整个水稻颗粒(尺寸为6.25 mm × 6.25 mm)中的元素分布。我们发现Cs和Rb富集在稻糠和胚芽中。P、K、Rb和Cs在水稻籽粒内的分布相似。水稻中Cs和Rb的浓度与土壤中Cs和Rb的浓度成正比，并与暴露时间成正比。Rb的吸收量明显大于Cs。此外，Rb在植物体内微米尺度区域的行为与Cs相似。因此，Rb的分布可以用来研究放射性铯在植物中的行为。
{"title":"Measurement of distributions of cesium and rubidium in rice grains using micro-PIXE for detailed examinations of contaminated food","authors":"S. Koshio, K. Ishii, S. Matsuyama, A. Terakawa, M. Fujiwara, K. Watanabe, S. Oshikawa, K. Kikuchi, S. Itoh, K. Kasahara, S. Toyama, Yoshio Suzuki, T. Matsuyama, T. Kamiya, T. Satoh, M. Koka, A. Kitamura","doi":"10.1142/S0129083514500028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129083514500028","url":null,"abstract":"We used micro-PIXE to investigate the distribution of Cs and Rb in rice grains. We succeeded, for the first time, in measuring the elemental distributions in entire rice grains (with dimensions of 6.25 mm × 6.25 mm) at micrometer spatial resolution. We found that Cs and Rb accumulated in the bran and germ of the rice. The distributions of P, K, Rb and Cs were similar within the rice grain. The concentrations of Cs and Rb in the rice were proportional to those in the soil, as well as to the exposure time. The uptake of Rb was significantly larger than that of Cs. Furthermore, the behavior of Rb was similar to that of Cs in the micrometer-scale regions in plants. It follows that the distribution of Rb can be used to investigate the behavior of radioactive Cs in plants.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"78 1","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81234162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514500053
A. Terakawa, K. Ishii, S. Matsuyama, Y. Kikuchi, T. Kawamura, Y. Takahashi, Y. Miura, M. Karahashi, K. Kusano, H. Yamazaki, Y. Funaki, K. Mizuno, N. Ito, S. Wada, K. Sera
We report an elemental analysis of murine solid tumors treated with cisplatin-incorporated polymeric micelles (NC-6004) to evaluate the concentration of the drug in the tumor tissue using conventional particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis, as well as the spatial distribution in the tumor section using sub-millimeter PIXE analysis. The results reveal that the platinum concentration in the tumor treated with NC-6004 was higher than in that treated with cisplatin, whereas no significant difference was found in platinum concentration between NC-6004 and cisplatin samples in the normal tissue. This suggests that NC-6004 can both provide therapeutic efficacy and reduce the side effects caused by conventional treatment using cisplatin. These results show that PIXE analysis is a powerful tool for research into drug delivery systems.
{"title":"Concentration of cisplatin-incorporated polymeric micelles in a murine solid tumor evaluated using PIXE analysis","authors":"A. Terakawa, K. Ishii, S. Matsuyama, Y. Kikuchi, T. Kawamura, Y. Takahashi, Y. Miura, M. Karahashi, K. Kusano, H. Yamazaki, Y. Funaki, K. Mizuno, N. Ito, S. Wada, K. Sera","doi":"10.1142/S0129083514500053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129083514500053","url":null,"abstract":"We report an elemental analysis of murine solid tumors treated with cisplatin-incorporated polymeric micelles (NC-6004) to evaluate the concentration of the drug in the tumor tissue using conventional particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis, as well as the spatial distribution in the tumor section using sub-millimeter PIXE analysis. The results reveal that the platinum concentration in the tumor treated with NC-6004 was higher than in that treated with cisplatin, whereas no significant difference was found in platinum concentration between NC-6004 and cisplatin samples in the normal tissue. This suggests that NC-6004 can both provide therapeutic efficacy and reduce the side effects caused by conventional treatment using cisplatin. These results show that PIXE analysis is a powerful tool for research into drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"12 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83058411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S012908351450003X
H. Arai, K. Ishii, S. Matsuyama, F. Fujishiro, A. Ishizaki, N. Osada, H. Sugai, S. Koshio, K. Kusano, Y. Nozawa, S. Yamauchi, M. Karahashi, S. Oshikawa, K. Kikuchi, K. Watanabe, Yui Suziki, Y. Kikuchi, A. Terakawa
A lot of radiocesium had been deposited onto pastures and grasslands following Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. More radiocesium was accumulated in root-mat horizon than in both above ground plant bodies and mineral soils. In this study, factors causing higher radiocesium concentrations in root-mat horizon were evaluated by the addition of stable cesium solution and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis. Results suggest that adsorption onto root surfaces played a significant role in Cs accumulation in root-mat horizon. Furthermore, absorption of Cs was key to its long-term preservation. The adsorption of Cs by clay minerals also contributed to its retention. A slow water infiltration rate may also affect the enrichment of radiocesium in root-mat horizon. Based on these results, it is concluded that both biotic and abiotic factors contributed to the effective retention of radiocesium in root-mat horizons following the FDNPP accident.
{"title":"Evaluating radiocesium retention ability of root-mat horizon using micro-PIXE analysis","authors":"H. Arai, K. Ishii, S. Matsuyama, F. Fujishiro, A. Ishizaki, N. Osada, H. Sugai, S. Koshio, K. Kusano, Y. Nozawa, S. Yamauchi, M. Karahashi, S. Oshikawa, K. Kikuchi, K. Watanabe, Yui Suziki, Y. Kikuchi, A. Terakawa","doi":"10.1142/S012908351450003X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S012908351450003X","url":null,"abstract":"A lot of radiocesium had been deposited onto pastures and grasslands following Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. More radiocesium was accumulated in root-mat horizon than in both above ground plant bodies and mineral soils. In this study, factors causing higher radiocesium concentrations in root-mat horizon were evaluated by the addition of stable cesium solution and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis. Results suggest that adsorption onto root surfaces played a significant role in Cs accumulation in root-mat horizon. Furthermore, absorption of Cs was key to its long-term preservation. The adsorption of Cs by clay minerals also contributed to its retention. A slow water infiltration rate may also affect the enrichment of radiocesium in root-mat horizon. Based on these results, it is concluded that both biotic and abiotic factors contributed to the effective retention of radiocesium in root-mat horizons following the FDNPP accident.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"17 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88856262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514500089
S. Matsuyama, K. Ishii, S. Toyama, K. Watanabe, S. Koshio, K. Kasahara, S. Ito, A. Terakawa, M. Fujiwara, Y. Suzuki, A. Carmona, Stéphane Roudeau, R. Ortega
We report imaging of human lung epithelial cells exposed to cobalt oxide (Co3O4) microparticles using three-dimensional (3D) particle-induced X-ray emission microcomputed tomography (PIXEμCT). The use of energy-selectable quasi-monochromatic low-energy X-rays generated via proton microbeam bombardment led to high-quality images. We also carried out two-dimensional (2D) micro-PIXE imaging. The 3D PIXEμCT imaging data are complementary with 2D micro-PIXE images and the CT value ratios of the cells show that the strong absorption stems from Co3O4. The 2D micro-PIXE analysis provides projection images of the elemental distribution, and this in combination with the 3D PIXEμCT imaging revealed details of the internal distribution of Co3O4, and hence provides insight into the mechanisms of Co3O4 toxicity via intracellular perinuclear accumulation.
{"title":"3D imaging of human cells using PIXEμCT","authors":"S. Matsuyama, K. Ishii, S. Toyama, K. Watanabe, S. Koshio, K. Kasahara, S. Ito, A. Terakawa, M. Fujiwara, Y. Suzuki, A. Carmona, Stéphane Roudeau, R. Ortega","doi":"10.1142/S0129083514500089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129083514500089","url":null,"abstract":"We report imaging of human lung epithelial cells exposed to cobalt oxide (Co3O4) microparticles using three-dimensional (3D) particle-induced X-ray emission microcomputed tomography (PIXEμCT). The use of energy-selectable quasi-monochromatic low-energy X-rays generated via proton microbeam bombardment led to high-quality images. We also carried out two-dimensional (2D) micro-PIXE imaging. The 3D PIXEμCT imaging data are complementary with 2D micro-PIXE images and the CT value ratios of the cells show that the strong absorption stems from Co3O4. The 2D micro-PIXE analysis provides projection images of the elemental distribution, and this in combination with the 3D PIXEμCT imaging revealed details of the internal distribution of Co3O4, and hence provides insight into the mechanisms of Co3O4 toxicity via intracellular perinuclear accumulation.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"49 1","pages":"67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82235133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514400014
S. Goto, T. Hosokawa, Y. Saitoh, K. Sera
Since the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011, we have seen a rapid increase of requests for soil analysis by PIXE. In the Nishina Memorial Cyclotron Center (NMCC), a powdered internal standard method with palladium on carbon powder has been adopted for soil sample preparation. However, the method can be heavily laborious when many samples need to be handled in a limited time. Here, we report an alternative to the method which takes a standard in the liquid form with a few drops of acetone to be homogenized with soil sample in an agate mortar. The applicability of the moist method was examined using some standard reference materials by comparing the analyzed results with those from the conventional method and with the certified values. The results were generally satisfactory, although further examination is needed to improve the accuracy and reliability of the new method.
{"title":"Soil sample preparation for PIXE analysis","authors":"S. Goto, T. Hosokawa, Y. Saitoh, K. Sera","doi":"10.1142/S0129083514400014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129083514400014","url":null,"abstract":"Since the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011, we have seen a rapid increase of requests for soil analysis by PIXE. In the Nishina Memorial Cyclotron Center (NMCC), a powdered internal standard method with palladium on carbon powder has been adopted for soil sample preparation. However, the method can be heavily laborious when many samples need to be handled in a limited time. Here, we report an alternative to the method which takes a standard in the liquid form with a few drops of acetone to be homogenized with soil sample in an agate mortar. The applicability of the moist method was examined using some standard reference materials by comparing the analyzed results with those from the conventional method and with the certified values. The results were generally satisfactory, although further examination is needed to improve the accuracy and reliability of the new method.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"2 1","pages":"77-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75655851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514400130
M. Kavčič
While traditional proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analytical technique is based on the energy dispersive solid state detectors used to collect the X-ray fluorescence from the sample, wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) spectrometers are applied in high energy resolution PIXE (HR-PIXE) analysis. The main drawback of the WDX spectroscopy is the relatively low efficiency making it less applicable for trace element PIXE analysis. However, the efficiency was enhanced significantly in modern spectrometers employing cylindrically or even spherically curved crystals combined with position sensitive X-ray detectors. The energy resolution of such a spectrometer may exceed the resolution of the energy dispersive detector by two orders of magnitude while keeping the efficiency at a high enough level to perform trace element analysis. In this paper, the recent history and the development of HR-PIXE spectroscopy at the J. Stefan Institute in Ljubljana is presented. Our current setup based on in-vacuum Johansson-type crystal spectrometer is presented in more details followed by some most recent applications.
{"title":"High energy resolution PIXE spectroscopy at the J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana","authors":"M. Kavčič","doi":"10.1142/S0129083514400130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129083514400130","url":null,"abstract":"While traditional proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analytical technique is based on the energy dispersive solid state detectors used to collect the X-ray fluorescence from the sample, wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) spectrometers are applied in high energy resolution PIXE (HR-PIXE) analysis. The main drawback of the WDX spectroscopy is the relatively low efficiency making it less applicable for trace element PIXE analysis. However, the efficiency was enhanced significantly in modern spectrometers employing cylindrically or even spherically curved crystals combined with position sensitive X-ray detectors. The energy resolution of such a spectrometer may exceed the resolution of the energy dispersive detector by two orders of magnitude while keeping the efficiency at a high enough level to perform trace element analysis. In this paper, the recent history and the development of HR-PIXE spectroscopy at the J. Stefan Institute in Ljubljana is presented. Our current setup based on in-vacuum Johansson-type crystal spectrometer is presented in more details followed by some most recent applications.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"8 1","pages":"205-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80333364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514500065
Z. Kabiri, O. Kakuee, V. Fathollahi, B. Stout
Development of a number of diseases like cardiovascular diseases and cancer has been related with abnormalities of certain trace elements in some tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of trace elements in breast cancer patients in comparison with healthy controls. Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique was employed to measure the hair trace element concentrations in 30 cancer patients and 30 healthy controls. A 2.2 MeV proton beam was employed to excite the biological samples. The concentrations of Fe and Cu (p<0.05) in the hair of cancer patients were found to be higher compared to those of healthy controls, while the concentration of Zn (p<0.05) was found to be lower. No significant difference was observed for sulfur concentration between the two groups. Also, no meaningful difference was observed in the concentrations of K, Ca, Ti as well as ratios of Cu/Zn and Cu/Fe in the hair of the two groups (p<0.05). These abnormalities could potentially be used as a means of breast cancer screening in women.
{"title":"Trace element abnormalities in the scalp hair of breast cancer patients","authors":"Z. Kabiri, O. Kakuee, V. Fathollahi, B. Stout","doi":"10.1142/S0129083514500065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129083514500065","url":null,"abstract":"Development of a number of diseases like cardiovascular diseases and cancer has been related with abnormalities of certain trace elements in some tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of trace elements in breast cancer patients in comparison with healthy controls. Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique was employed to measure the hair trace element concentrations in 30 cancer patients and 30 healthy controls. A 2.2 MeV proton beam was employed to excite the biological samples. The concentrations of Fe and Cu (p<0.05) in the hair of cancer patients were found to be higher compared to those of healthy controls, while the concentration of Zn (p<0.05) was found to be lower. No significant difference was observed for sulfur concentration between the two groups. Also, no meaningful difference was observed in the concentrations of K, Ca, Ti as well as ratios of Cu/Zn and Cu/Fe in the hair of the two groups (p<0.05). These abnormalities could potentially be used as a means of breast cancer screening in women.","PeriodicalId":14345,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of PIXE","volume":"59 1","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80939756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1142/S0129083514400105
K. Saitoh, K. Sera, M. Oikawa, H. Shimizu
As part of a biomonitoring study of atmospheric particles for the development of a biological and environmental monitoring system in the beech (Fagus crenata Blume) forest ecosystem, we carried out elemental content and two-dimensional analysis of beech leaves by conventional PIXE and micro-PIXE. The beech leaves were collected from natural beech forests at eight locations in Japan. For conventional PIXE analysis of beech leaf samples, 27 elements were determined in total. Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn were found to be the important nutrient elements for plants at all sampling sites. According to radar chart analysis results for element (Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn) concentrations at each sampling site, K and P, Fe and Ca, and Zn and Cu showed relatively similar patterns. However, elements with a pattern similar to that of Mg, S, and Mn were not found. These elemental concentrations were largely different at beech leaf sampling sites. For micro-PIXE analysis of beech leaf samples from seven sampling sites (Soebetsu beech forest was excluded), scanning transmission ion microscopy (STIM) images and maps of Mg, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Mn and Fe were similar. In samples from Soebetsu beech forest, portions missing from the element distribution were observed. In particular, maps of Mg, Si, P, S, K and Ca were conspicuous. These analysis results may be important information for understanding the mechanism of plant metabolism.
为建立山毛榉(Fagus creata Blume)森林生态系统的生物与环境监测系统，开展了大气颗粒物的生物监测研究，利用传统的PIXE和微PIXE对山毛榉叶片进行了元素含量和二维分析。这些山毛榉树叶是从日本八个地点的天然山毛榉林中收集的。对山毛榉叶片样品进行常规的pixie分析，共测定了27种元素。Mg、P、S、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu和Zn是各样点植物的重要营养元素。各采样点元素(Mg、P、S、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu和Zn)浓度的雷达图分析结果显示，K和P、Fe和Ca、Zn和Cu的分布规律较为相似。然而，没有发现与Mg、S和Mn相似的模式元素。这些元素的浓度在不同的山毛榉叶取样点差异很大。对七个采样点(不包括苏别苏山毛榉林)的山毛榉叶片样品进行微像素分析，扫描透射离子显微镜(STIM)图像与Mg、Si、P、S、K、Ca、Mn和Fe的图谱相似。在苏别苏山毛榉林样品中，观察到元素分布中缺失的部分。其中，Mg、Si、P、S、K、Ca的图谱较为明显。这些分析结果可能为了解植物代谢机制提供重要信息。
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